Abstract: Acrylic resin dispersions are prepared by a monomer addition process in the presence of a free-radical initiator and an emulsifier, wherein a portion of the emulsifier is dissolved in the initial aqueous phase and the remaining portion in the added monomer phase. The new process decreases the formation of coagulates, reduces the required amount of emulsifier, and allows the preparation of dispersions of resins incorporating a large proportion of units derived from water-soluble monomers, such as carboxylic acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing vinyl chloride resin in suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer by the use of a polymerization reactor equipped with a reflux condenser wherein a nonionic surface active agent having a HLB value of 6-14 is added upon initial charging of reactants, polymerization is started in a range of 0.8 to 1.0 of the water/monomer ratio, the polymerization temperature is raised 3.degree. to 10.degree. C. when polymer conversion is not more the 50 weight percent, with water being added in the course of polymerization to not more than make up for the volumetrical contraction resulting from the progress of polymerization so that upon completion of polymerization the water/monomer ratio is controlled in a range of 1.0 to 1.4. The polyvinyl chloride resin obtained by the present process is superior in quality such as high bulk density and little fish eye content with high productivity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein M is a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, ammonium, amino, and hydrogen; and wherein x and y are independently selected from 0 to 2.These compounds are disclosed as being useful as graftable and/or copolymerizable surfactants in latex preparation.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, an improved method for preparing acrylic copolymer resins is provided in which the polymerization solvent includes an internal olefin. The monomers comprise hydroxy-substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and non-hydroxy substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and the process provides an improved method for forming low molecular weight acrylic resins useful as components in high solids acrylic coatings suitable for electrostatic spraying. The polymerization solvent can remain in the resin to become the solvent employed in the higher solids coating containing the thus-formed acrylic resins and provides surprisingly improved electrical resistivity and color decreased over previously used polymerization solvents, and has good compatibility with the acrylic monomer/resin system.

Abstract: Flame retardant poly(alkenyl aromatic) oligomers and lower molecular weight polymers having bromine substituents on the aromatic nucleus are prepared by cationic polymerization from the corresponding brominated monomers, for example, bromostyrene, in an organic solvent, using a Lewis acid catalyst and an aromatic chain transfer agent. The lower molecular weights enable greater tolerance with other thermoplastic polymers, and as a result compatible flame retardant blends with good ductile impact properties are possible.

Abstract: A stable latex composition possessing a viscosity of less than about 50 cp. comprised of an ethylacrylate/methylacrylic acid/acrylic acid polymer and co-surfactant system comprising a nonylphenol polyethylene oxide ether sulfate and a propoxylated, ethoxylated propylene glycol nonionic surfactant block polymer useful for increasing the viscosity of water that is injected into subterranean petroleum bearing formations for the enhanced recovery of the petroleum.

Abstract: Bead polymers are prepared by reverse suspension polymerization by a process in which an aqueous solution of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized in an aliphatic hydrocarbon using an inorganic suspending agent based on a modified finely divided mineral and, in addition, from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the monomers used, of a nonionic surfactant, in the presence of a polymerization initiator, with the formation of a water-in-oil polymer suspension.

Abstract: Unsaturated silylated vinyl alcohol polymers, derivatives thereof, and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: A process is described for producing unique and novel sulfonate-containing terpolymers of water soluble monomers with water insoluble monomers which are efficient viscosifiers of aqueous and brine media. The process relies on the complete solubilization of the water insoluble monomer by means of a dilute solution of a suitable water soluble surfactant. The type and concentration of surfactant are chosen to produce a clear, uniform, homogeneous aqueous dispersion of the hydrophobic monomers in the presence of both nonionic and anionic water soluble monomers, and, in addition, the reaction medium remains a clear, uniform, homogeneous mixture with no phase separation as the reaction proceeds to completion. Thus, the terpolymerization is effected without the formation of latexes or fine particulates of water insoluble polymer.The terpolymers, which may be isolated from the reaction mixture, provide efficient viscosification of water or brine solutions.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as accelerators give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8.

Abstract: Polyurethane resins having high rigidity and improved physical properties, such as mechanical strengths and heat resistance are obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyol component comprising a pendant hydroxyl-containing polymer polyol, of high polymer content, derived from a polyol and a mixture comprising a hydroxyl-containing monomer and an unsaturated nitrile, or a combination of said polymer polyol with an epoxy-containing polymer polyol.

Abstract: Novel methods are described for providing filled thermoplastic polymers by the integral addition, to the polymer/filler mixture, of a surfactant with or without a polymerizable unsaturated silicon compound containing at least one .ident.SiO-group and not more than five silicon atoms, e.g., a polymerizable unsaturated hydrolyzable silane, and/or a polymerizable unsaturated organic compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups and novel filler/polymer compositions containing a surfactant are described. In addition novel integral additives containing surfactant and a polymerizable unsaturated silicon compound containing at least one .ident.SiO-group and not more than five silicon atoms, e.g., a polymerizable unsaturated hydrolyzable silane, and/or a polymerizable unsaturated organic compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups are described.

Abstract: An acrylic resin composition having excellent permanent antistatic properties, which comprises a copolymer of an acrylic monomer comprising predominantly methyl methacrylate with a specific sulfonate and optionally a specific alkylene oxide and/or acidic phosphate, and a method for the production thereof. The acrylic resin composition of the invention shows excellent antistatic properties without losing the excellent properties of methacrylic resin, such as excellent transparency, mechanical properties, heat resistance, etc., and is useful for various utilities, such as preparation of advertising display, lighting fixtures, covers, nameplate, and various decoratings.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferable employed at levels of about 0.1-2% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.3 is H, --CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)OH, CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)OR.sup.6, --C(.dbd.O)R.sup.8, hydrocarbyl, or trihydrocarbylsilyl or the two R.sup.3 groups together form a divalent hydrocarbyl or oxygen interrupted hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.4 is H or hydrocarbyl; R.sup.5 is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or hydrocarbyl substituted with halo, nitro, or oxo groups; R.sup.6 is as defined for R.sup.5 but different therefrom; and R.sup.8 is as defined for R.sup.5 but the same or different therefrom.

Abstract: Olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers containing at least one activated carbon to carbon olefinic double bond and at least one carboxyl group, such as acrylic acid, are polymerized in an organic media in the presence of free radical forming catalysts and at least one oil soluble ionic surface active agent selected from the group consisting of:(a) anionic surface active agents of the formula:[(R-R.sub.a ').sub.b -X].sup.- M.sup.+(b) cationic surface active agents of the formula:[(R-R.sub.a ').sub.x NR.sub.y ].sup.+ A.sup.-and(c) amphoteric surface active agents of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrophobic moiety having eight or more carbons,R' is a hydrophilic moiety,R" is each independently hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an alkyl/aryl group,X.sup.- is a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate or phosphate group,M.sup.+ is a water soluble cation,A.sup.

Abstract: Surface-active tertiary alkylamines comprising ethoxylated adducts of the reaction product of long-chain olefin oxides with ammonia or amines are useful in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for producing porous PVC resin particles by a thickened aqueous suspension polymerization process comprising polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer in an aqueous suspension wherein said aqueous medium contains at least one dispersant capable of thickening water, and optionally at least one secondary surfactant, at least one oil-soluble free radical generating catalyst, the improvement comprising charging said free radical catalyst as a solution wherein the solvent for said catalyst solution has a density equal to or less than that of the monomer being polymerized and the catalyst solution has a density less than water.

Abstract: A novel fluorine-containing diacylperoxide of the formula:[RO-CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O-.sub.n CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COO-.sub.2 (I)wherein R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 hydrocarbon group or halogen-containing hydrocarbon group, and n is an integer of 0 to 3, which can initiate polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: In a process of polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated compounds by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a free radical-forming initiator system and optionally customary protective colloids and/or emulsifiers and optional known additives in a reactor whose surfaces contact the reaction components, the improvement comprising providing the reactor surfaces with a coating that at least suppresses polymer deposit formation without effecting the color and quality of the polymer.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition. The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8.The compositions are further characterized by a thickener component, which may suitably be selected from various polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate), methacrylate type copolymers, acrylic rubbers, polyvinyl acetate and poly(.alpha.-cyanoacrylate) or silicas treated with polydialkylsiloxanes or trialkylsilanes.

Abstract: Low-viscosity acrylate hydrosols based on (meth)-acrylic acid esters and other monomers, such as styrene, methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and/or vinyl chloride, which are produced in the presence of a special mixed emulsifier of an alkyl phenol ether sulfate and an .alpha.-sulfocarboxylic acid and/or an ester thereof with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alcohol.

Abstract: In the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene with comonomers to make melt-processible copolymers, the presence of a selected salt of a perfluoroalkoxy-benzene sulfonic acid or salt of the acid enhances process performance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for improved incorporation of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) into an acrylamide polymer. This invention makes use of a copolymerizable promoter monomer. Also provided by the present invention are inverse emulsion terpolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride. The improved incorporation resides in the use of a promoter monomer that is more reactive with acrylamide than is the DADMAC monomer and is selected from ##STR1## wherein R is --H or CH.sub.3 ;X is --O--, or --NH--;n has a value of 2-4; andA is an ion selected from the group consisting of Cl.sup. -, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup.-, HSO.sub.4.sup.- and NO.sub.3.sup.-.Specific monomers within this formula included, for example, 2-methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium chloride and 2-acryloylethyltrimethylammonium chloride.Typical of such promoter monomers are 2-methacryloylethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 2-acryloylethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: A methanol-insoluble homopolymer of an .alpha.-trifluoromethylacrylate, which has either an alkyl group or a fluorine-containing alkyl group in the ester radical, is formed at good yields in an organic aprotic solvent by using an alkali metal alkoxide, e.g. lithium t-butoxide, as anionic polymerization catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of beads of copolymers bearing reactive groups, by polymerization in suspension in a non-aqueous medium. According to the invention a free radical polymerization is effected of at least two unsaturated monomers, of which one is the carrier of a reactive group such as acid chloride, alkyl chloride, alkyl dithiobenzoate or carboxyalkyl, in a medium composed of two emulsified, immiscible organic liquids, to form beads of chemically reactive copolymers.

Abstract: A radiation curable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a liquid oligomer having one or more acrylic unsaturated double bonds in its molecule, 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a thiol compound and 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of acrylic monomer has high cohesion and is excellent in adhesiveness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of steric stabilization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles against agglomeration by use of additives during polymerization of vinyl chloride. The method is characterized by the use of a hydroxy alkylacrylate comonomer added to the reactants prior to the onset of polymerization. The process of the present invention can be carried out to produce PVC either by bulk or by suspension polymerization techniques.The comonomer used may be considered as an adduct of hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate and propylene oxide. The PVC products so produced have a better monomer desorption rate and can absorb more plasticizer than those produced in the absence of the comonomer.

Abstract: A polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by polymerizing a monomer capable of radical polymerization in the presence of a fluorine-containing thiol; a vinyl ester polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by polymerizing vinyl ester in the presence of a fluorine-containing thiol; and vinyl alcohol polymer having a fluorine-containing end group which is produced by saponifying the said vinyl ester polymer; and processes for producing the same are provided.The polymers of this invention are superior in water repellency, oil repellency, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and surface activity which are characteristic of fluorocarbon compounds, and are expected to find use in various application areas.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6 or 8.

Abstract: An improved process for the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous emulsion, using as the primary emulsifier an ethoxylated C.sub.8-25 aliphatic vicinal diol.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids containing at least one activated carbon-to-carbon olefinic double bond and at least one carboxyl group in benzene in the presence of block copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxides having molecular weights in the range of greater than about 1600 to about 20,000, resulting in improved yields of carboxyl-containing polymers, such as cross-linked polyacrylic acid as shown by an increase in total solids of the benzene slurry of about 50 percent, the polymers obtained at this higher total solids having increased bulk density.

Abstract: A reverse phase suspension polymerization process conducted using an ionic polymerizable material and a polymerization stabilizer of opposite ionic or potentially ionic charge is modified by including also a water soluble, substantially oil insoluble, ionic non-polymerizable compound having the same charge type as the polymerizable material and having at least one alkyl group containing at least 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polymer-containing polyether polyamines containing terminal aromatically-bound amino groups are produced by in situ polymerization of a polyether polyamine with an olefinically unsaturated monomer. The polyether polyamine starting material must have terminal aromatic amino groups, a molecular weight of from 800 to 10,000 and an aromatic amino group content of from 0.3 to 16 wt. %. Suitable olefinically unsaturated monomers include .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitriles, aromatic vinyl compounds, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters thereof, vinyl esters, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid amides and aminoalkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids. Acrylonitrile/styrene mixtures are preferred monomers. The starting materials are employed in quantities such that the product modified polyether polyamine contains from 1 to 60 wt. % polymer or graft-polymer. The product polyamines are particularly useful in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: Microcapsules with liquid fills containing Lewis acid catalysts, catalyst concentrates comprising slurries of the microcapsules in liquid media, and a method for preparing the microcapsules and concentrates. The catalyst concentrates of the present invention are storage stable both alone and when incorporated in a one-part epoxy formulation.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as vinyl chloride, wherein a solid, monomer-soluble, free-radical forming compound is used as initiator. The initiator is added to the polymerization system in the form of an aqueous dispersion which contains an ethoxylated nonionic emulsifier with an HLB-value above 15, and preferably above 17, which emulsifier does not contain cyclic inner ether bonds. Polymerizates produced according to the method have good electric insulation properties. Suitable ethoxylated nonionic emulsifiers are ethoxylated fatty acids and ethoxylated fatty alcohols. A means, suitable for polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, consists of an aqueous dispersion of a free-radical forming compound containing a nonionic ethoxylated emulsifier with an HLB-value above 15, in an amount of at least 1 percent by weight, based on the initiator, and preferably also a protective colloid such as polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a suspension polymerization process for polymerizing vinyl monomers in a reaction vessel equipped with an external cooling means, such as a reflux condenser, as well as a cooling jacket, wherein polymer buildup in said external cooling means can be substantially eliminated. This is accomplished by adding in a plurality of charges to the reaction mixture nonionic surface active or wetting agents having a hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) in the range of from about 9 to about 16 thus resulting in reducing charge expansion and attendant reduction in foaming of the charge.

Abstract: A method of emulsion copolymerization of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene in the presence of a water soluble initiator and a water soluble fluorosurfactant. The fluorosurfactant having the general formula: CA.sub.3 (CF.sub.2).sub.B (C.sub.2 H.sub.4).sub.D -X wherein A is selected from H and F, B is 1 to 10, D is 1 to 6, and X is a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: Integrally blended additives, consisting of a ternary mixture of gamma methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and a siloxaneoxyalkylene block copolymer, in the absence of dicumyl peroxide do not consistently improve the mechanical properties of mica filled polyolefins. This is especially true under "low shear" melt processing conditions e.g. employing a conventional screw design in a single barrel extruder. However, when the ternary mixture is combined with a small amount of dicumyl peroxide (neat or dissolved in vinyltrialkoxy silane) there is a consistent improvement in composite mechanical properties above that of the composites containing the ternary mixture alone and in comparison to mica filled polyolefin composites without any additive or composites containing the peroxide alone. Furthermore, thermal aging tensile strength retention is improved in mica filled polypropylene composites containing the ternary mixture combined with dicumyl peroxide.

Abstract: An improved process for terminating the suspension polymerization reaction of vinyl chloride monomer into polyvinyl chloride which comprises adding hindered phenols of the structure presented hereinafter to the polymerization reaction at a point in time when a predetermined amount of monomer conversion has occurred.

Abstract: An improved paint composition comprises an aqueous dispersion of a water insoluble addition polymer formed substantially of monomers selected from the class consisting of styrene, acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl esters, and vinyl chloride; at least one anionic or non-ionic emulsifier; at least one polyoxyethylene-chain-containing compound with between 60 and 400 oxyethylene units; and a minor amount of at least one alkali-soluble addition polymer. The emulsifier may itself be a polyoxyethylene-chain-containing compound. The unsaturated monomers comprising the water insoluble addition polymer include at least one monomer containing a phosphoric acid, sulphonic acid, or carboxylic acid group or a group functioning as an emulsifier.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of stable large particle size latices for use in water reducible coatings. It specifically discloses an improved stable large particle size latex that is useful in the manufacture of water reducible coatings, comprising:(a) a resin which is comprised of, based on 100 weight percent of monomeric units within the resin: (1) from about 50 to about 90 percent of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene and vinyl toluene; (2) from about 10 to about 40 percent of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer wherein the alkyl moiety contains from 3 to 5 carbon atoms; and (3) from about 1 to about 10 percent of at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride;(b) water;(c) at least one phosphate-ester surfactant and(d) as a secondary surfactant between about 0.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers are prepared by polymerizing a monomer component that comprises vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of a free radical-generating polymerization initiator and 0.01% to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the monomer component, of a chain-transfer agent that is a mercapto organic compound having at least one beta-ether linkage. The process can be used to produce low molecular weight vinyl chloride polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of a chemically uniform copolymer comprising 15 to 50% by weight of acrylonitrile and from 85 to 50% by weight of vinyl chloride and, optionally, up to 4% by weight of at least one other copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated comonomer containing acid groups by emulsion polymerization, wherein the copolymerization reaction is carried out with a monomer ratio of acrylonitrile to vinyl chloride of from 0.02 to 0.5, in the presence of a redox catalyst and in an acidic medium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers of styrene and/or its derivatives by polymerization of one or more aromatic monovinyl compounds and acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile wherein up to 75% by weight of the monomer mixture may be replaced by C.sub.1 --C.sub.20 -alkyl esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid and polymerization is carried out in the presence of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total quantity of monomers, of one or more enol ethers derived from aliphatic or cycloaliphatic aldehydes or ketones.

Abstract: Process for making porous, substantially spherical particles having high bulk density of vinyl polymers or resins by the use of the suspension polymerization technique. In the polymerization there is employed a water-insoluble dispersant comprised of a substantially unneutralized crosslinked interpolymer of one or more carboxylic acid monomers with a polyunsaturated compound having a plurality of terminally unsaturated polymerizable groups and a surfactant system comprising at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene oxide containing surfactant and a non-polyethylene oxide containing surfactant. Excellent results are obtained when both a polyethylene oxide and a non-polyethylene oxide containing surfactant are used in the process of the invention. Rapid stirring or high agitation is used while employing a monomer-soluble free radical yielding polymerization catalyst.

Abstract: Copolymerization in aqueous emulsion of ethylene with one or two comonomers having different water solubilities is more efficient when at least two but no more than three comonomer solubility-affecting additives are present in the copolymerization medium, at least one of which increases the solubility in water of one of the comonomers, while at least another one decreases the solubility in water of another comonomer. In this manner, the diffusion rates of comonomers to the copolymerization locus are well controlled; the rate of polymerization often is increased; the concentrations of the comonomers at the copolymerization locus remain constant; and the copolymer composition remains constant. This process improvement can be applied to the copolymerization of many comonomer combinations of great commercial interest, including, for example ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymerizations.

Abstract: A rapid setting .alpha.-cyanoacrylate based adhesive composition having an improved polymerization catalyst therein.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids containing at least one activated carbon-to-carbon olefinic double bond and at least one carboxyl group in methylene chloride, in the presence of a free radical forming catalyst and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and/or a polyoxyethylene sorbitol ester surface active agent having an HLB value in the range of greater than 12.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers wherein a solid, monomer-soluble, free-radical forming compound is used as initiator. The initiator is charged to the polymerization system in the form of an aqueous dispersion comprising an emulsifier combination which consists of an ethoxylated nonionic emulsifier with an HLB-value above 15, which does not contain cyclic inner ether bonds, and a non-ethoxylated nonionic emulsifier with an HLB-value below 9. The emulsifier combination has a resulting HLB-value within the interval 11-17 and the combination is used in an amount of at least 1% by weight based on the initiator. Polymerizates produced according to the method have good electric insulation properties. A means suitable for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers consists of an aqueous dispersion of a free-radical forming initiator, which dispersion comprises the mentioned emulsifier combination in an amount of at least 1 percent by weight, based on the initiator.

Abstract: A self-emulsifying anaerobic-curing composition is disclosed. The composition is rendered self-emulsifying by incorporating certain anionic and/or nonionic surfactants in a concentration range of about 0.25 to about 10.0 percent. The preferred anionics comprise the petroleum sulfonates and the sodium alkyl or alkylaryl sulfonates. The preferred nonionics comprise the ethoxylated alkyl alcohols, the ethoxylated alkyl phenols, and the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene glycols. Any anaerobic monomer or monomer mixture in which the surfactant is soluble and compatible with the cure system may be used.These self-emulsifiable compositions have the advantage of being readily removed from surfaces by washing with water, which makes them especially useful in impregnation processes where uncured resin must be removed from areas which are difficult to wash, such as small, blind holes.