Abstract: A process for the preparation of a fluoroolefin polymer, including the step of: contacting in a reaction zone: an initiator; CF3CF?CH2, and optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated comonomer capable of copolymerizing therewith; wherein the contacting is carried out at a temperature, pressure and length of time sufficient to produce the fluoroolefin polymer.

Abstract: This invention concerns a free radical polymerization process, selected chain transfer agents employed in the process and polymers made thereby, in which the process comprises preparing polymer of general Formula (A) and Formula (B) comprising contacting: (i) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl monomers (of structure CH2=CUV), maleic anhydride, N-alkylmaleimide, N-arylmaleimide, dialkyl fumarate and cyclopolymerizable monomers; (ii) a thiocarbonylthio compound selected from Formula (C) and Formula (D) having a chain transfer constant greater than about 0.1; and (iii) free radicals produced from a free radical source; the polymer of Formula (A) being made by contacting (i), (ii) C and (iii) and that of Formula (B) by contacting (i), (ii) D, and (iii); and (iv) controlling the polydispersity of the polymer being formed by varying the ratio of the number of molecules of (ii) to the number of molecules of (iii); wherein Q, R, U, V, Z, Z?, m, p and q am as defined in the text.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical sector of the polymerisation of acrylic acid and its salts, more particularly in solution, more particularly by controlled radical method, the use of the corresponding organo-sulphurated transfer agents, the acrylic acid polymers thus obtained, having a very low polydispersity PD (or very low polymolecularity index IP, which is an equivalent term), and their applications in industry.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to sulfine control agents for synthesizing polymers via controlled free radical polymerization and to the polymers resulting therefrom. Such polymers include repeat units derived from the controlled free radical polymerization, particularly reversible atom fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization, of at least one vinyl-containing monomer, at least one conjugated diene monomer, or combinations thereof, in the presence of a sulfine compound having the formula: wherein R1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl or substituted heterocycloalkyl, and wherein Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkoxy, amino or thio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low odor ?-cyano-dithiocarboxylic ester compounds of formula I for use as chain transfer agents in free radical polymerizations, and polymerization processes employing them: wherein R1 is selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, thioalkyl, thioaryl, substituted thioalkyl, substituted thioaryl, secondary amino and tertiary amino; R2 is selected from alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, and COOR3; and R3 is alkyl.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing polymers by free radical polymerisation comprising (i) preparing a mini-emulsion containing: at least an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least a control agent selected among xanthates, dithio-carbamates, thioether-thiones, the xanthates comprising phosphorus and optionally fluorine and dithiophosphoroesters, an aqueous solution, a surfactant, and a co-surfacant, and (ii) reacting said mini-emulsion, in the presence of a free radical source, at a sufficient temperature and/or for a sufficient time interval to form the polymers.

Abstract: Polymers may be made from zwitterionic monomers having controlled architectures and molecular weights, using living polymerisations such as group or atom transfer radical polymerisation. For instance polymers may be formed by atom transfer radical polymerisation using a copper chloride catalyst, a ligand which is water soluble, and a water soluble tertiary alkyl halide initiator to form homopolymers having controlled polydispersities of less than 1.5 and block copolymers with other hydrophilic or hydrophobic monomers. One suitable zwitterionic monomer is 2-methacryloyloxy-2?-trimethylammoniumethyl phosphate inner salt. The block copolymers may spontaneously form micelles, believed to have zwitterionic, for instance phosphorylcholine, groups at the external surface, which may be useful as drug delivery systems with improved biocompatibility.

Abstract: A polymer composition and method of preparing same is described wherein an ethylenically unsaturated monomer is contacted with a source of free radicals and a compound of formula (1A), (1B) and (1C) as defined herein. The polymer composition may be a homopolymer or a block copolymer.

Abstract: A s,s?-bis-(?,??-disubstituted-??-acetic acid)-trithiocarbonate and derivatives thereof can be used as an initiator, chain transfer agent, or terminator for polymerization of monomers such as free radical polymerizable monomers. Homopolymers, copolymers, and the like as well as block copolymers can be made utilizing the trithio carbonate compound such as in a living free radical polymerization as well as to form telechelic polymers.

Abstract: A two-part self-curing endodontic sealing system comprises a thiourea derivative, such as acetyl thiourea, and a hydroperoxide, such as cumene hydroperoxide. The thiourea derivative is used as a reducing agent and the hydroperoxide is used as an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cement dispersant that is a copolymerization product of a first monomer (A) comprising a carboxylic acid, a second monomer (B) comprising an alkoxylated allyl alcohol sulfate, and, optionally, a third monomer (C) comprising an alkoxylated allyl alcohol. The cement dispersant according to the invention provides improved slump life properties and water reduction properties in cement admixtures.

Abstract: Controlled architecture polymers made preferably with acrylamide type monomers are prepared in living-type or semi-living-type free radical polymerizations, with the architecture preferably being other than linear, such as star, branched, grafted or hyper-branched. The controlled architecture polymers have high weight average molecular weights and low viscosities, which make they particularly useful in replaceable capillary electrophoresis separation media for biological molecules, such as DNA fragments.

Abstract: This invention concerns a free radical polymerization process, selected chain transfer agents employed in the process and polymers made thereby, in which the process comprises preparing polymer of general Formula (A) and Formula (B) comprising contacting: (i) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl monomers (of structure CH2?CUV), maleic anhydride, N-alkylmaleimide, N-arylmaleimide, dialkyl fumarate and cyclopolymerizable monomers; (ii) a thiocarbonylthio compound selected from Formula (C) and Formula (D) having a chain transfer constant greater than about 0.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the preparation of photoresist polymers via living free radical polymerization techniques. Sterically bulky ester monomers are utilized as the polymerization components. Use of chain transfer agents is included in polymerization processing conditions. Cleavage of polymer terminal end groups that include a heteroatom are described.

Abstract: Branched polymers are prepared by mixing together monofunctional vinylic monomer with from 0.3 to 100% w/w of polyfunctional vinylic monomer and from 0.0001 to 50% w/w of chain transfer agent and thereafter reacting the mixture to form a polymer. The resulting branched polymers are soluble and may be used as component of surface coatings and inks as well as molding resins.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a free radical control agent of the structural formula: wherein R1 is a divalent alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and R4 is —OH or —COOH, with the proviso that the total carbon atoms of R1, R2, and R3 is no greater than 12; and wherein Y represents a functional group that is capable of activating a vinylic carbon toward free radical addition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a free radical control agent of the structural formula: wherein R1 is a divalent alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and R4 is —OH or —COOH, with the proviso that the total carbon atoms of R1, R2, and R3 is no greater than 12; and wherein Y represents a functional group that is capable of activating a vinylic carbon toward free radical addition.

Abstract: Polymers and copolymers synthesized by means that yield a narrow range of molecular weights can have different properties than polymers synthesized by conventional means. In order to obtain such polymers, however, polymerization must be controlled. One type of controlled polymerization is the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process, which has characteristics of a living polymerization. The present invention discloses a group of dithioesters and trithioesters suitable as chain transfer agents for RAFT polymerization. The present invention also discloses RAFT polymerizations conducted in aqueous media.

Abstract: Polymers and copolymers synthesized by means that yield a narrow range of molecular weights can have different properties than polymers synthesized by conventional means. In order to obtain such polymers, however, polymerization must be controlled. One type of controlled polymerization is the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process, which has characteristics of a living polymerization. The present invention discloses a group of dithioesters and trithioesters suitable as chain transfer agents for RAFT polymerization. The present invention also discloses RAFT polymerizations conducted in aqueous media.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hardenable (i.e., curable by polymerization, crosslinking, ionic, or other chemical reaction) composition that includes polymerizable urea or thiourea compounds that function as reductants (i.e., reducing agents) in redox polymerization reactions.

Abstract: A catalyst for bulk polymerization of a polymerizable unsaturated compound of the invention comprises a compound having at least one thiol group and a secondary hydroxyl group and represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 to R5 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R6 is a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group or the like. Also a process for bulk polymerization of the invention comprises polymerizing a polymerizable unsaturated compound in an inert gas atmosphere substantially in the absence of a solvent using, as a catalyst, a compound having at least one thiol group and a secondary hydroxyl group and represented by the above formula (I). According to the catalyst or the process of the invention, bulk polymerization can be carried out in one-component catalyst system in a high yield without suffering a runaway reaction.

Abstract: A UV-transparent pressure sensitive adhesive comprising (a) a copolymer of (a1) from 75 to 99.8% by weight of acrylic esters and/or methacrylic esters of the formula CH2?CH(R1)(COOR2), where R1 is H or CH3 and R2 is an alkyl chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; (a2) from 0 to 10% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid of the formula CH2?CH(R1)(COOH), where R1 is H or CH3; (a3) from 0.2 to 5% by weight of olefinically unsaturated monomers which contain at least one UV-crosslinking functional group per monomer; and (a4) from 0 to 20% by weight of olefinically unsaturated monomers which contain at least one functional group per monomer; the copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of less than 300,000 g/mol and (b) from 2 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of copolymer, of a silicate filler, the silicate filler having a maximum particle diameter of 50 nm; and having a residual solvent fraction of less than 1%, based on the pressure sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: Aqueous microemulsions obtained from a perfluorinated alkane sulphonic or carboxylic acid or salt thereof, a liquid fluorinated monomer comprising a cure-site and optionally an inert liquid and highly fluorinated hydrocarbon compound. The aqueous microemulsion may be formed by mixing together water, a perfluorinated alkane sulphonic or carboxylic acid or salt thereof, optionally an inert liquid and highly fluorinated hydrocarbon compound and a liquid fluorinated monomer having a cure-site.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous styrene-butadiene polymer dispersion by free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture M that comprises styrene, butadiene, and if desired up to 30% by weight, per 100% by weight of monomers, of ethylenically unsaturated comonomers other than styrene and butadiene; by a monomer feed technique that includes supplying to the polymerization reaction a regulator system containing, from 0.02 to 0.4% by weight of terpinolene and from 0.5 to 2% by weight of an organic compound S containing at least one SH group.

Abstract: Photoiniferters for controlled radical polymerizations are described. The photoiniferters have an azlactone or ring-opened azlactone moiety to provide telechelic (co)polymers.

Abstract: A method of free radical polymerization and for cleaving a thio group from the resulting polymer is provided. The method comprises forming a mixture of one or more monomers, at least one free radical source and a control agent, wherein the control agent comprises a thio moiety. The mixture is polymerized, and the resulting polymer is mixed with a free radical source, and optionally an addition fragmentation agent under cleavage conditions. The thio moiety on the polymer is replaced with a group of interest.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to provide a process for easily producing an alkenyl-terminated vinyl polymer without using a metal compound requiring a complicated purification step, and to provide a curable composition containing the vinyl polymer. An alkenyl group is incorporated into an end of a vinyl polymer having a thiocarbonylthio structure at the end to produce an alkenyl-terminated vinyl polymer. Mixing this vinyl polymer with a compound having a hydrogen-silicon bond and a hydrosilylation catalyst gives the curable composition.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for making a methacrylate unit-containing polymer with polydispersity <1.7 and containing at least one cross-linkable functional group comprising a step of radically polymerizing a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least 50 mole % of methacrylate monomers to a polymer, in the presence of a) a radical precursor and b) I2 or a sulfonyl iodide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a multimodal A-olefin polymer comprising polymerizing in a polymerization stage at least one A-olefin in the presence of a multisite catalyst and an adjuvant so as to produce a polymer having a relatively lower molecular weight component and a relatively higher molecular weight component, said adjuvant being selected from the group consisting of phosphines, phosphites, acetylenes, dienes, thiophenes and aluminium alkyls and said adjuvant being capable of altering the ratio of the fraction of higher molecular weight component to the fraction of the lower molecular weight component by at least 10%.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition can be used for forming a film having excellent water-repellency on a substrate surface. The epoxy resin composition contains (a) an epoxy resin having at least two alicyclic epoxy groups, at least one perfluoroalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one alkylsiloxane group and (b) a cationic polymerization catalyst. The alicyclic epoxy groups and the perfluoroalkyl group are present in branched chains of the epoxy resin, and the alkylsiloxane group is present in the main chain of the epoxy resin.

Abstract: Provided is a polyurethane polymer which is excellent in oil resistance, weatherability, light resistance, heat resistance, hot water resistance, hydrolysis resistance, strength, chlorine resistance, and chemical resistance, and which can be produced simply and economically. The polyurethane polymer is produced by polymerizing at least two components: a vinyl polymer (A) having a mercapto group at each end of the molecular chain produced by a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization method, and an organic polyisocyanate (B). Also provided are polyurethane-based materials containing the polyurethane polymer, and polyurethane elastic fiber.

Abstract: An emulsifier system comprising a) a salt of a sulfuric monoester of a C9-C15 alcohol or of an alkoxylated C9-C15 alcohol, and b) an alkoxylated C8-C16 alcohol, and the use of this emulsifier system for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions.

Abstract: Initiators for atom transfer radical polymerizations are described. The initiators have an azlactone or ring-opened azlactone moiety to provide telechelic (co)polymers.

Abstract: A s,s?-bis-(?, ??-disubstituted-??-acetic acid)-trithiocarbonate and derivatives thereof can be used as an initiator, chain transfer agent, or terminator for polymerization of monomers such as free radical polymerizable monomers. Homopolymers, copolymers, and the like as well as block copolymers can be made utilizing the trithio carbonate compound such as in a living free radical polymerization as well as to form telechelic polymers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polymerizable system. The polymerizable system comprises an organoborane, at least one polymerizable monomer, and a work-life extending agent.

Abstract: A method of free radical polymerization and for cleaving a thio group from the resulting polymer is provided. The method comprises forming a mixture of one or more monomers, at least one free radical source and a chain transfer agent, wherein the chain transfer agent comprises a thio moiety. The mixture is polymerized, and the resulting polymer is mixed with a free radical source, and a monomer having little or no homopolymerizability under cleavage conditions. The thio moiety on the polymer is replaced with a group of interest.

Abstract: The invention relates to an active substance vector multiparticulate system and to the production and use thereof. The object of the invention is an active-substance vector multiparticulate system comprising one or several active substances included in a hydrophilic organic matrix comprising at least one hydrosoluble and/or hydrodispersable anionic polymer which is insolubilized by a metallic cation. The invention can be specifically used in the food industry, detergents and agrochemistry.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing a first generation polymer comprising a step which consists in radical polymerization of a composition containing: at least an ethylenically unsaturated monomer a free radical source, and at least a disulfide compound.

Abstract: A process for producing a crosslinkable silyl group-containing polymer which is excellent in oil resistance, heat resistance, weatherability, low staining properties, and compression set characteristics, includes the steps of radically polymerizing a vinyl monomer in the presence of a thiocarbonylthio group-containing compound with a specific structure, and introducing crosslinkable silyl groups. Also provided is a curable composition which contains the polymer and which is easy to handle.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of preparing solution polymers and compositions derived therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising: a) an acid monomer or oligomer of acrylic acid or of an acid derivative of acrylic acid or mixtures thereof; or a mixture of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or oligomer and an acid monomer or oligomer of acrylic acid or of an acid derivative of acrylic acid; b) at least one radical initiator which forms a radical upon heating or upon irradiation with (UV) light in the range from 305 nm to 450 nm; and c) a compound of the formulae (I), (Ib) or (Ic) wherein Y represents a group that activates nucleophilic addition reactions at the adjacent double bond; X represents halogen or the anion of an aliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid of 1-12 carbon atoms, of a monovalent or divalent oxo acid or of a complex acid; n represents 0 or 1; R1, R2, R3 independently of one another represent hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl, C3-C18alkyl interrupted by at least one nitrogen or oxygen atom, C3-C18alkenyl, C3-C18alkynyl, C7-C9phenylalkyl, C3-C12 cycloalkyl and C3-

Abstract: Fluoropolymers are prepared by a process comprising polymerizing at least one fluoromonomer in an aqueous reaction medium containing monomer, a radical initiator and a 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid salt as surfactant. The medium may optionally contain one or more of an antifoulant, a buffering agent and a chain-transfer agent.

Abstract: A dispersant for use with concrete or cement, and a concrete or cement admixture that comprises a cementitious material, water, and the dispersant. The dispersant includes a polymeric derivative of carboxylic acid, and has a sulfur-containing moiety that is covalently bonded thereto. Adding the dispersant to the cementitious material and water improves the rheological properties of the admixture.

Abstract: Polymers and copolymers synthesized by means that yield a narrow range of molecular weights can have different properties than polymers synthesized by conventional means. In order to obtain such polymers, however, polymerization must be controlled. One type of controlled polymerization is the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process, which has characteristics of a living polymerization. The present invention discloses a group of dithioesters and trithioesters suitable as chain transfer agents for RAFT polymerization. The present invention also discloses RAFT polymerizations conducted in aqueous media.

Abstract: Polymers may be made from zwitterionic monomers having controlled architectures and molecular weights, using living polymerisations such as group or atom transfer radical polymerisation. For instance polymers may be formed by atom transfer radical polymerisation using a copper chloride catalyst, a ligand which is water soluble, and a water soluble tertiary alkyl halide initiator to form homopolymers having controlled polydispersities of less than 1.5 and block copolymers with other hydrophilic or hydrophobic monomers. One suitable zwitterionic monomer is 2-methacryloyloxy-2?-trimethylammoniumethyl phosphate inner salt. The block copolymers may spontaneously form micelles, believed to have zwitterionic, for instance phosphorylcholine, groups at the external surface, which may be useful as drug delivery systems with improved biocompatibility.

Abstract: Control agents that have a nitrogen-nitrogen bond covalently bonded to a thiocarbonyl moiety are provided for living-type free radical polymerization of a wide variety of monomers. These control agents provide superior properties for control of the polymerization and/or the properties of the polymers obtained and/or the monomers that may be polymerized. In some embodiments, a bulky group is pendant off the activated thiocarbonyl portion of the control agents. Multifunctional control agents provide the opportunity for a variety of structurally unique polymers, including block copolymers, stars and hyper-branched polymers.

Abstract: A dispersant for use with concrete or cement, and a concrete or cement admixture that comprises a cementitious material, water, and the dispersant. The dispersant includes a polymeric derivative of carboxylic acid, and has a sulfur-containing moiety that is covalently bonded thereto. Adding the dispersant to the cementitious material and water improves the rheological properties of the admixture.

Abstract: Cationic initiator compositions for initiating cationic polymerization which contain a sulfur- or nitrogen-containing initiator, such as a sulfonium salt photoinitiator, and a deodorizing agent are disclosed. The deodorizing agent reduces undesirable odors, such as the organosulfur/mercaptan/thio odor generated by the decomposition of the sulfonium salt initiator upon initiation. The deodorizing agent may be a free radical inhibitor or phenolic compound such as methylether of hydroquinone, toluhydroquinone and hydroquinone. Processes for making and using the composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a block copolymer including a polymer block containing acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile as a principal constituent, which is excellent in heat resistance, weatherability, oil resistance, flame retardancy, and low-temperature resistance and which can be economically produced; and a thermoplastic resin composition and an elastomer composition each containing the block copolymer. The block copolymer is produced by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in the presence of a thiocarbonylthio group-containing compound.

Abstract: Photoiniferters for controlled radical polymerizations and telechelic copolymers comprising polymerized units of one or more free radically (co)polymerizable monomers having a first azalactone terminal group and a second dithiocarbamate terminal group are described.