From Metal Containing Monomer Patents (Class 526/240)
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Patent number: 4157999Abstract: Provided is an anti-fouling paint composition for preventing for an extended period of time fouling of submersed or submerged objects or marine structures. The paint composition comprises as an anti-fouling agent a copolymer comprised of (i) units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is H or CH.sub.3 and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and selected from (Cl to 8) alkyl groups and a phenyl group, (ii) units of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R" is H or CH.sub.3, n is an integer of 2 to 4, R.sub.4 is Cl or (Cl to 4) alkyl group, R.sub.5 is Cl or Br and R.sub.6 is H, Cl or Br, and (iii) units of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R'" is H or CH.sub.3 and R.sub.7 is (Cl to 8) alkyl group.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 1977Date of Patent: June 12, 1979Assignee: Chugoku Marine Paints Ltd.Inventors: Sumio Matsuda, Hajime Kudara
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Patent number: 4150067Abstract: Metal-containing polymers, particularly useful as catalysts for chemical reactions involving unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules, conform with the general formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH X is hydrogen, halogen or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 6, Me is a transition metal, each ligand R is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a hydrocarbon radical or a radical comprising a carboxy, carbonyl, amino, ether or phosphorus group, p is an integer from 1 to (m-1), m being the highest valency of said metal Me, Y is hydrogen, an alkali metal or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, P is a unit derived from at least one polymerizable mono- or poly-functional vinyl monomer, and a, b and c are numbers such that, for a sum (a+b+c) of 100, (a+b) is from 1 to 100, a/(a+b) is from 0.1 to 1, and c is from 0 to 99.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1977Date of Patent: April 17, 1979Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Francois Dawans, Didier Morel
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Patent number: 4146698Abstract: Polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer, by either suspension or emulsion polymerization, optionally in the presence of a monoethylenically unsaturated comonomer, is carried out in the presence of a mixture of calcium and zinc acrylate. The presence of the calcium and zinc acrylate yields a more thermally stable product and reduces the amount of polymer scale formation during polymerization. A further improvement in thermal stability is achieved by conducting the polymerization with the added presence of an epoxy compound containing a reactive vinyl or allyl group.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1977Date of Patent: March 27, 1979Assignee: Stauffer Chemical CompanyInventors: Donald F. Anderson, Arthur J. Yu
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Patent number: 4143063Abstract: A process is described for converting organic polyisocyanates to carbodiimide-containing polyisocyanates by heating said organic polyisocyanates in the presence of an organoarsine-substituted polystyrene carbodiimide-forming catalyst until a desired level of conversion is achieved, followed by separation of catalyst from product. It is thus possible to obtain a carbodiimide-containing polyisocyanate which is free from catalyst and hence free from the possibility that carbodiimide formation can continue on storage of the product. In a particular embodiment the process is employed to convert methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), which is normally solid at ambient temperatures, to a storage stable liquid product. The polymeric catalysts employed in the process are characterized by a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, chloro or methyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl and n is 0 or 1.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 1978Date of Patent: March 6, 1979Assignee: The Upjohn CompanyInventors: Louis M. Alberino, Curtis P. Smith
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Patent number: 4143222Abstract: The molecular weight of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymers can be controlled between the range of 3,000-300,000 by polymerizing an aqueous solution of these comonomers in a tube reactor at a pressure between 50-350 psig in the presence of a free radical catalyst and with the following reaction parameters being specified; monomer solids, initiation temperature, monomer pH, initiator concentration, acrylic acid-acrylamide monomer ratio, and residence time in the reactor.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1978Date of Patent: March 6, 1979Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Louis A. Goretta, Robert R. Otremba
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Patent number: 4138539Abstract: Polymerization of a water-soluble monomer which forms a water-soluble polymer as an aqueous solution containing free radical and redox system initiators in an advancing polymerization zone followed by staged drying and pulverization provides the polymer in readily dissolved powder form.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1975Date of Patent: February 6, 1979Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventors: Paul H. Landolt, Louis N. Allen
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Patent number: 4137386Abstract: Modified polystyrenes are described which are catalysts for the conversion of organic isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides. The modified polystyrenes are characterized by the presence of recurring units of the formula: ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbyl which is free of substituents reactive with isocyanate groups, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, chloro or methyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl, and n is 0 or 1.The use of the above polymers to catalyze the formation of carbodiimides from organic isocyanates is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1978Date of Patent: January 30, 1979Assignee: The Upjohn CompanyInventor: Curtis P. Smith
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Patent number: 4136246Abstract: Thermoplastic polymeric compositions having high heat-distortion temperatures and good processability and handling characteristics which function as gas and vapor barrier materials which are composed of an olefinically unsaturated nitrile, such as acrylonitrile, indene and a polyolefinic monomer, such as divinyl benzene, are described.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1976Date of Patent: January 23, 1979Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventor: George S. Li
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Patent number: 4135043Abstract: Polymers in powder form are manufactured by polymerizing water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers, which form hydrophilic polymers, in a powder bed of polymers of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the presence of polymerization initiators and water as an auxiliary liquid, the water being entirely or partially removed from the polymerization zone by evaporation during the polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1977Date of Patent: January 16, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Kast, Joachim Stedefeder, Axel Sanner, Hans-Uwe Schenck, Richard Thoma, Hermann Fischer
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Patent number: 4130702Abstract: Novel polymers derived from either acryloylaminobenzoic acid or methacryloylaminobenzoic acid are provided. The method of producing these polymers involves a free radical polymerization of the monomer at relatively low temperatures in an aqueous solution which contains an alkali metal hydroxide and a free radical initiator.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1978Date of Patent: December 19, 1978Assignee: Celanese CorporationInventor: Eui W. Choe
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Patent number: 4129558Abstract: Lithium salts of monohydroxyalkyl-substituted conjugated alkadienes are employed as comonomers in the polymerization of conjugated dienes, or conjugated dienes with monovinyl aromatic compounds, to produce polymers containing hydroxy functionality. The hydroxy functionality permits efficient curing.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1977Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Charles M. Selman, Carl A. Uraneck
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Patent number: 4126603Abstract: The invention relates to gloss-stable modacrylic fibres and filaments comprising 50 to 84% of acrylonitrile, 15 to 48% of vinylidene chloride and 2 to 5% of an olefinically unsaturated sulphonic acid or salt thereof, all percentages being by weight, having a shrinkage in boiling water of at most 0.3%, a reduction in density on treatment with boiling water of no more than 0.015 g/cc and a scattered light component after boiling of at most 35 units compared with a BaSO.sub.4 standard of 1000 units, the increase brought about by treatment with boiling water amounting to no more than 30 units as well as to a process for their production.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1976Date of Patent: November 21, 1978Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gunter Lorenz, Alfred Nogaj, Helmut Miller, Hans Wilsing
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Patent number: 4121032Abstract: An alternating copolymer of an olefinic unsaturated compound and a conjugated vinyl compound is produced by contacting said monomers with at least one organoboron halide or/and a mixture of at least one organo-compound of metal from Groups IIb, IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table and at least one halogeno-compound of metal from Groups IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. A typical catalyst is ethylboron dichloride or a combination of triethylaluminum and tin tetrachloride.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1975Date of Patent: October 17, 1978Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Kohei Nakaguchi, Shohachi Kawasumi, Masaaki Hirooka, Hiroshi Yabuuchi, Hiroyoshi Takao
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Patent number: 4121034Abstract: The undesirable swelling exhibited by biologically active copolymers wherein a portion of the repeating units exhibit a triorganotin moiety (R.sub.3 SN--) is reduced by incorporation of a cross-linking agent into the copolymer. The physical and chemical properties of the cross-linked copolymers make them more suitable for use as biocides particularly antifouling toxicants, than polymers described in the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1977Date of Patent: October 17, 1978Assignee: M&T Chemicals Inc.Inventors: John R. Bednarski, David B. Russell
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Patent number: 4118375Abstract: The invention relates to a copolymer comprising at least 40% by weight of copolymerized acrylonitrile, from 0.5 to 40% by weight of at least one copolymerized aceto acetate of a mono (meth) acrylate of an aliphatic diol containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and, optionally, at least one other copolymerized comonomer.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1977Date of Patent: October 3, 1978Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christian Lindner, Carlhans Suling, Gunter Arend, Dieter Brokmeier, Gunther Nischk
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Patent number: 4118439Abstract: Ionically crosslinked polymers which are soluble in a liquid organic medium and which correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which: the symbol N.sym. represents a quaternary nitrogen-containing group; the symbol ##STR2## REPRESENTS A MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN CARRYING GROUPS WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF BEING LINKED, VIA A COVALENT BOND, TO -SO.sub.3 .crclbar. groups; the symbol ##STR3## REPRESENTS A MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN CARRYING GROUPS WHICH CAN GIVE RISE TO THE FORMATION OF N.sym. groups, the symbol ##STR4## INDICATING THAT THE N.sym. groups are linked to the macromolecular chain by at least one covalent bond, and the chains ##STR5## CONSIDERED TOGETHER, DO NOT CONTAIN OPPOSITELY CHARGED GROUPS WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF FORMING INTER-CHAIN COVALENT BONDS, THE RATIO N/M IS BETWEEN 0.1 AND 10; AND THE NATURE OF THE UNITS FORMING THE MACROMOLECULAR CHAINS AND THE VALUES OF N AND M BEING SUCH THAT A POLYMER OF FORMULA (I.sub.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1977Date of Patent: October 3, 1978Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc S.A.Inventor: Xavier Marze
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Patent number: 4116888Abstract: A fluorinated copolymer having 1 to 50 mole % of a component having functional group of carboxylic acid group or a group which can be converted to carboxylic acid group, is produced by copolymerizing a fluorinated ethylenic unsaturated monomer and a functional monomer having the functional group in the presence of a polymerization initiator source in 0 to 10 mole of an inert organic solvent per 1 mole of the functional monomer under the pressure of higher than 6 kg/cm.sup.2 whereby the copolymer having high molecular weight (T.sub.Q of higher than 150.degree. C) and an ion exchange capacity of 0.5 to 4 meq/g dry polymer is produced.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1976Date of Patent: September 26, 1978Assignee: Asahi Glass Company Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Ukihashi, Tatsuro Asawa, Masaaki Yamabe, Haruhisa Miyake
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Patent number: 4115331Abstract: A paper surface-sized with a surface sizing composition, which comprises a copolymer of acrylic or methacrylic ester, alkai metal salts of acrylic or methacrylic acid, and acrylic or methacrylic acid, or lower alkyl amine salts thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1977Date of Patent: September 19, 1978Assignee: Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Yoichi Tominaga, Yasuo Shibahara
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Patent number: 4115339Abstract: Aqueous gels of water-soluble polymers and copolymers of extremely high molecular weight as measured by their intrinsic viscosities are prepared by the irradiation, under controlled conditions of concentration, radiation intensity, and total dose, of aqueous solutions of selected nitrogen-containing vinyl monomers separately, in admixture with each other or in admixture with non-nitrogenous vinyl monomers. The polymers may be recovered from the gels in conventional manner. The polymers and the gels are useful as flocculating and thickening agents in aqueous media.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1975Date of Patent: September 19, 1978Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventor: Alfred J. Restaino
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Patent number: 4112212Abstract: An ultra-high molecular weight methacryloyloxybenzoic acid polymer is provided which, unlike the lower molecular weight polymers of the prior art, is stable even when undergoing melt processing. The method of producing such a polymer involves a free radical polymerization of the monomer at relatively low temperatures in an aqueous solution which contains an alkali metal hydroxide and a free radical initiator.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1978Date of Patent: September 5, 1978Assignee: Celanese CorporationInventor: Eui Won Choe
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Patent number: 4111915Abstract: Functional liquid conjugated diene copolymers are prepared from conjugated dienes, or conjugated dienes with monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers, with lithium salts of alkenols as comonomers. The lithium alkenoxide comonomer can be employed as a comonomer during polymerization of the other monomers, or copolymerized at the end of polymerization of the other monomers. The functional copolymers can be cured with such as the polyisocyanate curing systems.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1977Date of Patent: September 5, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles M. Selman
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Patent number: 4108845Abstract: The invention relates to highly shrinkable fibres or filaments of acrylonitrile polymers or copolymers which have a shrinkability of at least 35% and a fibre strength of at least 2 p/dtex.The invention relates further to a process for the production of these fibres or filaments.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 1976Date of Patent: August 22, 1978Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Ulrich Reinehr, Alfred Nogaj, Gunter Lorenz
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Patent number: 4106941Abstract: Interpolymers from monomers containing optical brightening moieties and solubilizing groups are useful in optical brightening compositions. Photographic elements containing these optical brightening compositions have excellent light stability.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1974Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Peter W. Scullard, John Figueras, Carl F. Holtz
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Patent number: 4107156Abstract: A gel polymer of vinyl compounds suitable for use as a coating is prepared by mixing the following four components [A], [B], [C] and [D],Component [A], an aqueous composition comprising an aqueous solvent and at least one selected from the group consisting of water-soluble or water-dispersible vinyl compounds,Component [B], at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from the groups consisting of hydroxyl group, amino group, quaternary ammonium group, aldehyde group, mercapto group and a group capable of producing a hydroxyl group aldehyde group, mercapto group or amino group in an aqueous medium,Component [C], at least one compound capable of producing ferric ion or ceric ion in an aqueous medium and,Component [D], at least one sulfur compound capable of producing S.sub.x O.sub.y.sup.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1975Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takashi Sunamori, Noboru Nishii
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Patent number: 4107336Abstract: Edibles which contain water-soluble polymeric colorants having an ethylsulfonate-alkylamine co-polymer backbone.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1977Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: DynapolInventors: Kenneth Melvin Otteson, Daniel Joseph Dawson
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Patent number: 4098971Abstract: Film-forming biocidal polymers useful in marine antifouling compositions selected from copolymers of ##STR1## and vinyl acetate, acrylic acid and acrylamide, copolymers having the structure: AND A GRAFT BLEND POLYMER OF ##STR2## and PVC in which polymer structures X is H or CH.sub.3, X' is H or CH.sub.3, Y is H, --COOSn(Bu).sub.3 or --COOSn(Pr).sub.3 and Z is --COOMe.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1975Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Commonwealth of AustraliaInventors: Arpad T. Phillip, Gunter Bocksteiner, Russel W. Pettis, Geoffrey W. Glew
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Patent number: 4098973Abstract: Modified polystyrenes are described which are catalysts for the conversion of organic isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides. The modified polystyrenes are characterized by the presence of recurring units of the formula: ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbyl which is free of substituents reactive with isocyanate groups, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, chloro or methyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl, and n is 0 or 1.The use of the above polymers to catalyze the formation of carbodiimides from organic isocyanates is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1977Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: The Upjohn CompanyInventor: Curtis P. Smith
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Patent number: 4098985Abstract: Ester copolymers cross-linkable under acid, alkaline and heated conditions consisting essentially of a copolymerizate with from 75% to 99% by weight of vinyl and/or acrylic ester monomer units, from 0.2% to 15% by weight of olefinically-unsaturated halotriazine monomer units, from 0.2% to 10% by weight of mono-olefinically unsaturated monomer units containing free or protected N-methylol groups and, optionally, up to 10% by weight of other monomer units copolymerizable with ester monomer units.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1976Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Hartmut Brabetz, Hubert Wiest, Dieter Gorzel
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Patent number: 4093776Abstract: Spontaneously cross-linked alkali metal acrylate polymers having a high water-absorbing property and which are safe for contact with the human skin are prepared by a water-in-oil suspension polymerization process, using a sorbitan fatty acid ester having an HLB value of 3 to 6 as a dispersing agent.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1977Date of Patent: June 6, 1978Assignee: Kao Soap Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shuzo Aoki, Harumasa Yamasaki
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Patent number: 4090998Abstract: Polymers which are water swellable in the form of their salts are prepared by polymerization of a monomeric mixture of maleic anhydride, indene and a cross-linking monomer containing a plurality of CH.sub.2 .dbd.C< groupings.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1976Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Gary W. Dirks, George S. Li, John F. Jones
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Patent number: 4090013Abstract: A dry, solid, water-swellable, water-insoluble absorbent composition of matter comprises an ionic complex of a water-soluble anionic poly-electrolyte and a polyvalent metal cation. The composition is characterized by an ability to uncomplex at an elevated pH and recomplex at a lower pH.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1975Date of Patent: May 16, 1978Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Corp.Inventors: Stuart H. Ganslaw, Howard G. Katz
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Patent number: 4087598Abstract: There is disclosed a composition of matter comprising a polymer containing aromatically bound mercuric ions having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is H or CH.sub.3, Y is -- CO(OCH.sub.2.CH.sub.2).sub.x -- O --, wherein x = 0-20, or -- CONH --, Ar is a bifunctional aromatic group, Z = H or NH--R.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is acyl, carboxy C -- to -- alkyl or a sulfonyl group, and R.sup.1 is the chain of homopolymer of the formula ##STR2## or the chain of a copolymer selected from the group consisting of methacrylic or acrylic esters of polyfunctional alcohols, methacrylamides or acrylamides, monomers containing one or more acrylic or methacrylic acid groups and monomers of the acrylic or methacrylic series, method of preparing such polymers, carriers produced on the basis of such polymers and method of extracting sulfur-containing compounds from mixtures containing the same utilizing the polymers of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1975Date of Patent: May 2, 1978Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Otto Wichterle, Jiri Coupek, Miroslava Krivakova
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Patent number: 4080490Abstract: Metal-containing polymers, particularly useful as catalysts for chemical reactions involving unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules, conform with the general formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH X is hydrogen, halogen or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, n is O or an integer from 1 to 6, Me is a transition metal, each ligand R is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a hydrocarbon radical or a radical comprising a carboxy, carbonyl, amino, ether or phosphorus group, p is an integer from 1 to (m-1), m being the highest valency of said metal Me, Y is hydrogen, an alkali metal or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, P is a unit derived from at least one polymerizable mono-or polyfunctional vinyl monomer, and a, b and c are numbers such that, for a sum (a + b + c) of 100, (a + b) is from 1 to 100, a/(a + b) is from 0.1 to 1, and c is from 0 to 99.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1976Date of Patent: March 21, 1978Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Francois Dawans, Didier Morel
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Patent number: 4076928Abstract: Water swellable absorbent articles, made from copolymers having a copolymerized crosslinker, together with methods for their preparation, and a composition containing a copolymerized crosslinker useful to make said articles are disclosed. The copolymers comprise 25-98% by weight of an alkali metal salt of an olefinically unsaturated monosulfonic or monocarboxylic acid, about 2-50% by weight of an olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and about 0.1-5.0% by weight of an N-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide. The articles are crosslinked by heating and/or removing substantially all of the water from the precursor composition.The crosslinked compositions, in the form of a film, can be disintegrated to form flakes, strips or powders.The absorbent articles are useful as surgical sponges, diapers, tampons, meat trays, bath mats and the like.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1975Date of Patent: February 28, 1978Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: James R. Gross
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Patent number: 4071668Abstract: Aluminum-containing resins are produced by reactively contacting resin-forming monomers in the presence of aluminum metal which has been activated by permeation of high purity aluminum with mercury, gallium or an alloy of indium and gallium. In certain cases a co-catalyst, such as a halogen, is utilized.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1976Date of Patent: January 31, 1978Inventor: George G. Merkl
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Patent number: 4071650Abstract: Water swellable absorbent articles, made from copolymers having a copolymerized crosslinker, together with methods for their preparation, and a composition containing a copolymerized crosslinker useful to make said articles are disclosed. The copolymers comprise 25-98% by weight of an alkali metal salt of an olefinically unsaturated monosulfonic or monocarboxylic acid, about 2-50% by weight of an olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and about 0.1-5.0% by weight of an N-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide. The articles are crosslinked by heating and/or removing substantialy all of the water from the precursor composition.The absorbent articles are useful as surgical sponges, diapers, tampons, meat trays, bath mats and the like.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1975Date of Patent: January 31, 1978Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: James R. Gross
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Patent number: 4064338Abstract: Biologically active copolymers wherein a portion of the repeating units exhibit a triorganotin moiety (R.sub.3 Sn--) are prepared by solution polymerization using liquid aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons as the polymerization medium. The physical and chemical properties of the copolymers make them more suitable for use as biocides than polymers prepared using methods described in the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 1976Date of Patent: December 20, 1977Assignee: M & T Chemicals Inc.Inventor: David B. Russell
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Patent number: 4063010Abstract: Novel amorphous copolymers of mono-olefins or of mono-olefins and non-conjugated dienes with unsaturated derivatives of imides are disclosed. These copolymers containing from 99.9 to 80% by weight of non-polar units derived from at least two mono-olefins containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly ethylene and propene or ethylene and butene-1, and possibly one or more non-conjugated dienes, and from 0.1 to 20% units derived from an imide having the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is an alkenyl radical containing 2 to 16 carbon atoms, andA designates a saturated or unsaturated divalent hydrocarbon radical which contains 2 to 12 carbon atoms and which may possibly carry amino, halogeno or carboxyl groups.Some of said copolymers may be used as polymer additives in lubricating compounds to improve their viscosity index and to disperse the slurry which they may contain.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1975Date of Patent: December 13, 1977Assignee: Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (SNEA)Inventors: Gilbert Marie, Andre Lang, Gilbert Chapelet
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Patent number: 4061847Abstract: Without changing the physical form of the ethylene polymer, the pendant carboxylate salt groups of an ethylene polymer are converted to the acid form by introducing an article of manufacture having at least a surface comprising an ethylene polymer containing pendant metallic carboxylate salt groups into an aqueous medium containing dissolved ammonia.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1973Date of Patent: December 6, 1977Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: Richard H. Hughes, Donald R. Jamieson, Rajindar K. Kochhar
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Patent number: 4058508Abstract: Polymers of which the side chains contain urethane groups and which have the reactivity of a urethane but can, in addition, contain other reactive groups. The new polymers may be used to produce moldings, coatings or adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1975Date of Patent: November 15, 1977Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Heinz Pohlemann
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Patent number: 4052369Abstract: A compound having the molecular formula: ##STR1## wherein, M is selected from the group consisting of pentavalent atoms of Group V of the Periodic Table; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of substituent groups bondable to M; X is an electron withdrawing group; A is a connecting group capable of undergoing either condensation or addition reactions with compatible function groups of other compounds; R.sub.4 is an optional connecting group between the X and A groups; B is selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, O--X--R.sub.4).sub.n A and O--X--R.sub.5, and wherein R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 ; and n is the integer 0 or 1. These pentavalent atom-containing compositions may be reacted into polymers with monomers, prepolymers or polymers. The compositions and polymers have flame-retardant properties.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1975Date of Patent: October 4, 1977Assignee: Evelyn MusherInventors: Jeremy Musher, Kai Su
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Patent number: 4048192Abstract: A vinyl acetate copolymerizate of monomers being a free-radical polymerized copolymerizate having monomer units consisting essentially ofA. from 60% to 80% by weight of vinyl acetate units,B. from 10% to 20% by weight of units of a maleic acid diester with a straight-chained alkanol-1 having from about 8 to 10 carbon atoms,C. from 5% to 20% by weight of units of a mono-olefinically unsaturated ester having from 6 to 8 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic group, andD. from 3% to 10%, particularly 7%, by weight of crotonic acid; as well as an alcoholic solution thereof and salts thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1975Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Alois Stoll, Eduard Bergmeister
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Patent number: 4048420Abstract: Polymerizations catalyzed by very finely divided lithium.The process is characterized in using lithium having an average particle diameter of less than 2.mu. and preferably of 0.1.mu. or less as a polymerization initiator.The process permits .alpha.-.omega. dilithic oligomers to be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1976Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche (ANVAR)Inventors: Bernard Francois, Michel Vernois, Emile Franta
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Patent number: 4046745Abstract: Lithium salts of monohydroxyalkyl-substituted conjugated alkadienes are employed as comonomers in the polymerization of conjugated dienes, or conjugated dienes with monovinyl aromatic compounds, to produce polymers containing hydroxy functionality. The hydroxy functionality permits efficient curing.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1976Date of Patent: September 6, 1977Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Charles M. Selman, Carl A. Uraneck
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Patent number: 4041228Abstract: Water swellable absorbent articles, made from carboxylic polyelectrolytes, together with methods for their preparation, and a composition useful to make said articles are disclosed. The articles are crosslinked by heating and/or removing substantially all of the water from the precursor composition.The absorbent articles are useful as surgical sponges, diapers, tampons, meat trays, bath mats and the like.Type: GrantFiled: May 9, 1975Date of Patent: August 9, 1977Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: James Richard Gross
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Patent number: 4041020Abstract: Water swellable absorbent articles, made from copolymers having a copolymerized crosslinker, together with methods for their preparation, and a composition containing a copolymerized crosslinker useful to make said articles are disclosed. The articles are crosslinked by heating and/or removing substantially all of the water from the precursor composition.The absorbent articles are useful as surgical sponges, diapers, tampons, meat trays, bath mats and the like.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1975Date of Patent: August 9, 1977Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: James R. Gross
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Patent number: 4036788Abstract: Novel anionic hydrogels, containing acidic groups, and their preparation are described. These novel hydrogels are stable, three-dimensional polymer networks, having good water permeability and mechanical properties.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1975Date of Patent: July 19, 1977Assignee: Plastomedical Sciences, Inc.Inventor: Robert Steckler
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Patent number: 4037040Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing water-soluble polyelectrolytes by a water-in-oil emulsion process. A mixture of a surfactant, free radical initiator, at least one water-soluble, oil-insoluble, ethylenically unsaturated monomer adapted to polymerize under refluxing conditions, oil and water (the oil and water being adapted to form an azeotropic boiling mixture) is heated with vigorous agitation. The monomer polymerizes at the reflux temperature under the vigorous agitation with a concomitant simultaneous loss of water. Finely divided, water-soluble particles result.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1976Date of Patent: July 19, 1977Assignee: Celanese CorporationInventors: Louis E. Trapasso, Charles V. Juelke
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Patent number: 4035347Abstract: A method for preparing substantially dry homopolymers and copolymers which comprises forming a polymeric latex or water-in-oil emulsion and partially inverting said latex by regulated contact time with water in the time span 0.5 - 10.0 seconds and preferably less than 1 second. A preferred operation is carried out in a static mixer where the contact time for inversion is regulated by the diameter or length of a cylindrical tube containing static baffles.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1976Date of Patent: July 12, 1977Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: David B. Korzenski, Barney Vallino, Jr., Wayne E. Zarnecki
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Patent number: 4028486Abstract: Alpha-methyl-p-bromo-styrene prepared by the manipulative steps of brominating poly(.alpha.-methyl-styrene) and subsequently depolymerizing the brominated polymer. The alpha-methyl-p-bromo-styrene has particular utility as a co-monomer for preparing copolymers exhibiting a flame retardancy.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1976Date of Patent: June 7, 1977Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: George Jalics