Abstract: Provided herein are perfluoro copolymers of a perfluoro dioxole monomer, a perfluoro dioxane monomer, and an optional perhalo monomer. Methods of making the perfluoro copolymers and methods of using the perfluoro copolymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A silicon oxide film or a silicon nitride film is selectively etched by using an etching gas composition including a hydrofluorocarbon that has an unsaturated bond in its molecule and is represented by CxHyFz, wherein x is an integer of from 3 to 5, and relationships y+z?2x and y?z are satisfied. Also, a silicon oxide film is etched with high selectivity relative to a silicon nitride film by controlling the ratio among the hydrofluorocarbon, oxygen, argon, etc., included in the hydrofluorocarbon-containing etching gas composition.

Abstract: A composition including the compound HFO-1234yf and at least one other, additional, compound selected from HCFC-240db, HCFO-1233xf, HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233zd, HCC-40, HCFC-114a, HCFC-115, HCFC-122, HCFC-23, HCFC-124, HCFC-124a, HFC-125, HCFC-133a, HCFC-142, HCFC-143, HFC-52a, HCFC-243ab, HCFC-244eb, HFC-281ea, HCO-1110, HCFO-1111, HCFO-1113, HCFO-1223xd, and HCFO-1224xe. A composition including the compound HFO-1234yf and at least two compounds selected from HFO-1234ze, HFC-245cb, HFC-134a, HCFC-115, HFC-152a, HCC-40 and HFO-1243zf.

Abstract: A fluoroelastomer comprising a copolymer of fluoroolefin monomers selected from one or more of the group consisting of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, and ethylenically unsaturated co-monomers; wherein the fluoroelastomer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of from about ?60° C. to about 53° C. A process of making the fluoroelastomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making copolymers of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride by an emulsion polymerization process having unexpectedly high melting temperatures, even at low crystallinity levels. The invention involves adjusting the microstructure of the copolymers through a controlled polymerization to obtain controlled microstructure copolymers with unique properties, including those with high melting temperature and low crystallinity.

Abstract: A fluorinated elastic copolymer which has iodine atoms, bromine atoms, or both iodine and bromine atoms, at its molecular terminals and which includes repeating units (a) based on tetrafluoroethylene, repeating units (b) based on a fluorinated monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond (provided that tetrafluoroethylene is excluded), and repeating units (c) based on a fluorinated monomer having at least two polymerizable unsaturated bonds, wherein the ratio (molar ratio) of the repeating units (a) to the repeating units (b) is (a)/(b)=40/60 to 90/10, and the proportion of the repeating units (c) based on the total amount of the repeating units (a) and the repeating units (b) is from 0.01 to 1 mol %.

Abstract: The invention pertains to peroxide-curable fluoroelastomers for the oil and gas industry, including explosive decompression, and which can be easily processed to yield cured parts in standard machineries at reasonable throughput rates, said fluoroelastomers comprising: recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF); recurring units derived from hexafluoropropylene (HFP); recurring units derived from at least one bis-olefin [bis-olefin (OF)] having general formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6, equal or different from each other, are H, a halogen, or a C1-C5 optionally halogenated group, possibly comprising one or more oxygen group; Z is a linear or branched C1-C18 optionally halogenated alkylene or cycloalkylene radical, optionally containing oxygen atoms, or a (per)fluoropolyoxyalkylene radical; and iodine or bromine cure-sites; said fluoroelastomers further possessing a Mooney viscosity (ML) of at least 85 MU (1+10@121° C.), when measured according to ASTM D1646.

Abstract: A coating composition for forming a low-refractive-index layer includes a first fluorine compound represented by Formula 1 below, (CH2?CR1COO)2Rf??Formula 1 and a reactive silicon compound, a (meth)acrylate compound, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent. The first fluorine compound represented by Formula 1, the reactive silicon compound, the (meth)acrylate compound, the polymerization initiator, and the solvent may each be different from one another, and in Formula 1, Rf may be a C1-19 perfluoro group, and R1 may be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: A process for producing fluoropolymer particles includes preparing a solution/dispersion containing fluoropolymer dissolved/dispersed in a first solvent such that the swelling of fluoropolymer by the first solvent is from 50 to 1,200%, and mixing the solution/dispersion with a second solvent such that fluoropolymer forms particles and the swelling of fluoropolymer by the mixture of the first and second solvents is from 0 to 100%. WC/WB is in the range of from 1 to 5, WB represents mass of the first solvent, WC/ represents mass of the second solvent, WC/WB represents a ratio of the mass of the second solvent to the mass of the first solvent. SBC/SB is at most 0.5. SBC represents the swelling by the mixture of the first and second solvents, SB represents the swelling by the first solvent, and SBC/SB represents a ratio of the swelling by the mixture to the swelling by the first solvent.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a first flow field plate defining at least one flow field channel. A cathode catalyst layer is disposed over at least a portion of the first flow field plate. A polymeric ion conducting membrane is disposed over cathode catalyst layer. An anode catalyst layer is disposed over the polymeric ion conducting membrane. Finally, a second flow field plate defining at least one flow field channel is disposed over the anode catalyst layer. The polymeric ion conducting membrane extends beyond the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer such that the fuel cell has at least one peripheral region with the polymeric catalyst layer interposed between first flow field plate and the second flow field plate without the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyethylene composition for the production of peroxide crosslinked polyethylene and a method for the production thereof. The invention further relates to the use of such a polymer composition and to a peroxide crosslinked polyethylene pipe made from the polyethylene composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method to produce a semi-crystalline fluoro-polymer film. A semi-crystalline fluoro-polymer material is used. The material is compressed to produce the film. During compression, the material is maintained at a temperature below the melting point of the material. The compression step can be cycled to allow cooling of the material between compression stages. Alternative methods are provided for compressing the material with a co-extrusion substrate, extruding the material and utilizing mandrel expansion for the material.

Abstract: A mixture of polyfluoroalkadienes represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)nCF?CH(CF2)m+1CH?CH2 [Ia] and CF3(CF2)n+1CH?CF(CF2)mCH?CH2 [Ib], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 0 to 6, is obtained as a mixture fraction of products [Ia] and [Ib] by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n+1CH2(CF2)m+1(CH2CH2)I [II], with an organic basic compound. The polyfluoroalkadiene mixture is compounds having a perfluoroalkyl group in which the number of successive CF2 groups is 5 or less, and is effectively used as a copolymerizable monomer in the production of resinous or elastomeric fluorine-containing copolymers, which are used as active ingredients of surface-treating agents, such as water- and oil-repellents and mold-release agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyethylene composition for the production of peroxide crosslinked polyethylene and a method for the production thereof. The invention further relates to the use of such a polymer composition and to a peroxide crosslinked polyethylene pipe made from the polyethylene composition.

Abstract: Provided is an imprint product, which is for transcribing a fine pattern of a mold surface and which contains a fluorine-containing cyclic olefin polymer containing repeating unit represented by formula (1) and having a fluorine atom content rate of 40% to 75% by mass.

Abstract: A membrane humidifier assembly includes a first flow field plate adapted to facilitate flow of a first gas thereto and a second flow field plate adapted to facilitate flow of a second gas thereto. A polymeric membrane is disposed between the first and second flow fields and adapted to permit transfer of water from the first flow field plate to the second flow field plate. The polymeric membrane includes a polymer having perfluorocyclobutyl groups.

Abstract: A polymer useful as an ion conductor in fuel cells includes a perfluorocyclobutyl moiety and pendant PFSA side groups. The polymer is made by a variation of the Ullmann reaction. Ion conducting membranes incorporating the polymer are provided.

Abstract: An ion exchange membrane is prepared from a block copolymer comprising a hydrophobic polymer segment and a polar polymer segment. The ion exchange membrane is formed by placing a film layer in steam, water or an electric field at a temperature greater than about 40° C. for sufficient amount of time to develop a bicontinuous morphology. The ion exchange membrane is also formed from a film layer comprising a block copolymer and a solvent. The film layer is placed in an electric field at an elevated temperature and dried therein. The film layer is thereby converted into an ion exchange membrane with bicontinuous morphology. The ion exchange membrane prepared according to these processes exhibits improved mechanical and electrochemical properties.

Abstract: A polymer useful as an ion conducting membrane for fuel cell applications includes both main chain and side chain protogenic groups. Methods for preparing the polymer include addition of the side chains both before and after addition of the protogenic groups.

Abstract: A blend composition comprises a fluorine-containing polymer electrolyte and a fluoro-rubber. An electrolyte membrane may be prepared from the blend composition. The electrolyte membrane may be used in electrochemical cells such as electrolyzers, batteries and fuel cells.

Abstract: A composite membrane for fuel cell applications includes a support substrate with a predefined void volume. The void volume is at least partially filled with an ion conducting polymer composition. Characteristically, the ion conducting polymer composition includes a first polymer with a cyclobutyl moiety and a second polymer that is different than the first polymer.

Abstract: An ion conducting polymeric structure suitable for fuel cell applications is provided. The polymeric structure comprises a non-homogenous polymeric layer. The non-homogeneous layer is a blend of a first polymer comprising cyclobutyl moiety; and a second polymer having a non-ionic polymer segment. The weight ratio of the first polymer to the second polymer varies as a function of position within the non-homogenous layer. The blend composition may be cast into an electrolyte membrane that can be used to prepare electrochemical cells such as batteries and fuel cells.

Abstract: A method of forming an ionomeric membrane includes a step of reacting a first polymer in chlorosulfonic acid to form a first precipitate. The first precipitate comprising a polymer including a polymer unit having at least one —SO2Cl moiety attached thereto and includes a step of dissolving the first precipitate in a polar aprotic solvent to form the first solution. A polymeric membrane is then formed from the first solution such that the membrane includes the polymer unit having at least one —SO2Cl. The polymer including a polymer unit a polymer unit having at least one —SO2Cl is then reacted with a nucleophilic compound to form the polymeric membrane.

Abstract: A polymer blend useful as an ion conductor in fuel cells includes a first polymer having a cyclobutyl moiety and a second polymer include a sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: A membrane humidifier assembly includes a first flow field plate adapted to facilitate flow of a first gas thereto and a second flow field plate adapted to facilitate flow of a second gas thereto. A polymeric membrane is disposed between the first and second flow fields and adapted to permit transfer of water from the first flow field plate to the second flow field plate. The polymeric membrane includes a polymer having perfluorocyclobutyl groups and a pendant side chain having a protogenic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorinated polymer excellent in the crosslinking reactivity, crosslinked rubber physical properties and chemical resistance, and its crosslinked rubber. A fluorinated polymer comprising repeating units (a) based on at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylenic unsaturated compounds each having a hydroxyphenyl group, repeating units (b) based on at least one fluoromonomer selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, 1,2-difluoroethylene and CF2?CF—O—Rf (wherein Rf is a C1-8 saturated perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoro(alkoxyalkyl) group) and, if necessary, repeating units (c) based on at least one hydrocarbon monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene and CH2?CH—O—R1.

Abstract: A mixture of polyfluoroalkadienes represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)nCF?CH(CF2)m+1CH?CH2 [Ia] and CF3(CF2)n+1CH?CF(CF2)mCH?CH2 [Ib], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 0 to 6, is obtained as a mixture fraction of products [Ia] and [Ib] by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n+1CH2(CF2)m+1(CH2CH2)I [II], with an organic basic compound. The polyfluoroalkadiene mixture is compounds having a perfluoroalkyl group in which the number of successive CF2 groups is 5 or less, and is effectively used as a copolymerizable monomer in the production of resinous or elastomeric fluorine-containing copolymers, which are used as active ingredients of surface-treating agents, such as water- and oil-repellents and mold-release agents.

Abstract: A sulfonated aromatic perfluorocyclobutane block copolymer comprises a hydrophobic perfluorocyclobutane ether chain segment and a hydrophilic sulfonated perfluorocyclobutane ether chain segment. The sulfonated perfluorocyclobutane copolymer may be used to make proton conductive membranes and membrane electrode assemblies in fuel cells. Processes of making the block copolymer through thermal coupling reactions are also disclosed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a copolymer comprises a sulfonatable segment covalently linked to an un-sulfonatable segment through an organic linking group. The sulfonatable group segment may be sulfonated through direction sulfonation or sulfonation through a spacer molecule. In another embodiment, a copolymer comprises a sulfonated segment and an unsulfonated segment. A membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell may be produced using the copolymer.

Abstract: A proton conductive graft polymer comprises at least a structure unit of a sulfonated polymer side chain covalently attached to a hydrophobic perfluorocyclobutane polymer main chain. The sulfonated condensation polymer side chain has a high local ion exchange capacity while the main polymer chain is substantially free of sulfonic acid group. A membrane made from the graft polymer can provide good mechanical properties and high proton conductivity at wide range of humidity and temperatures.

Abstract: A polymer for ion conductor applications includes a polymer segment having a perfluorocyclobutyl moiety and a polymer segment not having such a moiety. One of these polymer segments is sulfonated to improve ionic conductivity. Fuel cells incorporating the ion conducting polymers are provided.

Abstract: VDF-based curable fluorelastomers, having a glass transition temperature from ?10° C. to ?35° C., comprising: B) monomer of formula: CF2?CFOCF2OCF3 (a), C) one or more comonomers selected from: tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), per-fluoromethylvinylether (PMVE), perfluoropropene (HFP), and an amount of —COF end groups in the polymer lower than the sensitivity limit of the method which uses the FT-IR spectroscopy described in the present application.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a fluoroolefin polymer, including the step of: contacting in a reaction zone: an initiator; CF3CF?CH2, and optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated comonomer capable of copolymerizing therewith; wherein the contacting is carried out at a temperature, pressure and length of time sufficient to produce the fluoroolefin polymer.

Abstract: To provide an ETFE-type copolymer having a high melt tension and excellent blow moldability. An ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer which comprises ethylene units, tetrafluoroethylene units and units of a monomer (A) having at least two copolymerizable double bonds and which has a ratio (X/W) of its melt tension (XmN) to a load (Wkg) applied for the measurement of the melt tension being at least 0.8.

Abstract: VDF curable fluoroelastomers, ionically cured, having a compression set after a time of 24 h (ASTM D 39/B) at ?10° C. lower than 60%, preferably lower than 50% and at ?25° C. lower than 90%, preferably lower than 75%, comprising hexafluoropropene (HFP) in amounts higher than 10% by moles and one vinylether of formula: CF2?CFOCF2OCF3 (a), an amount of —COF and groups in the polymer lower than the sensitivity limit of the method using the FT-IR spectroscopy described in the present application.

Abstract: VDF-based curable fluoroelastomers, having a glass transition temperature lower than ?49° C., preferably lower than ?50° C., and having the following composition, as percent moles: A) from 25% to 50%, preferably from 30% to 45%, of the monomer of formula: CF2?CFOCF2OCF3 (a); B) one or more (per)fluorinated comonomers having at least one unsaturation of ethylene type in amounts from 75% to 50%; preferably from 70% to 55%; said one or more comonomers comprising vinylidene fluoride (VDF) in amounts from 50% to 75% on the total of the monomer moles; the sum of the molar percentages of the monomers being 100%; said fluoroelastomers containing an amount of —COF end groups in the polymer lower than the sensitivity limit of the method reported in the description.

Abstract: Fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl alcohols of the formula are disclosed and their corresponding (meth)acrylate esters. These fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl (meth)acrylate monomers can be copolymerized with a wide variety of conventional ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The resulting copolymers are useful as water, oil- and grease-proofing agents for paper, textiles and hard surfaces such as masonry and wood.

Abstract: Fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl alcohols of the formula are disclosed and their corresponding (meth)acrylate esters. These fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl (meth)acrylate monomers can be copolymerized with a wide variety of conventional ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The resulting copolymers are useful as water, oil- and grease-proofing agents for paper, textiles and hard surfaces such as masonry and wood.

Abstract: A polymeric material having improved gas permeability comprises units of fluorinated dioxole. The polymeric material may further comprise units of a hydrophobic monomer, a hydrophilic monomer, or combinations thereof. Such a polymeric material is desirably used to produce medical devices, such as ophthalmic devices that provide increased comfort to a user.

Abstract: A method of producing an improved polyethylene, especially an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene utilizes a sequential irradiation and annealing process to form a highly cross-linked polyethylene material. The use of sequential irradiation followed by sequential annealing after each irradiation allows each dose of irradiation in the series of doses to be relatively low while achieving a total dose which is sufficiently high to cross-link the material. The process may either be applied to a preformed material such as a rod or bar or sheet made from polyethylene resin or may be applied to a finished polyethylene part. If applied to a finished polyethylene part, the irradiation and annealing must be accomplished with the polyethylene material not in contact with oxygen at a concentration greater than 1% oxygen volume by volume.

Abstract: A material having properties required for a chromatic aberration-free lens and excellent in moldability and impact resistance, which material is an amorphous fluoropolymer containing a carbon atom chain as a main chain and containing a fluorinated atom-bonded carbon atom as a carbon atom of the main chain, wherein vd>75, ?gF>0.50, and ??gF>0.03, where vd represents an Abbe number, ?gF represents a relative partial dispersion of a g-F line, and ??gF represents a deviation from a standard line of the relative partial dispersion of the g-F line.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomers, curable by peroxidic route, obtainable by polymerizing the following monomers: a) C2-C8 hydrogenated fluoroolefins; b) fluorovinylethers of general formula: CFX?CXOCF2OR ??(I) c) bis-olefins having general formula: RI1RI2 C?CRI3-Z-CRI4?CRI5RI6??(IA) and optionally: d) one or more fluorinated olefinic comonomers selected from perfluoroalkylvinylethers (PAVE) CF2?CFOR2f, perfluorooxyalkylvinylethers CF2?CFOXa, e) C2-C8 perfluorolefins; f) one or more C2-C8 non fluorinated olefinic comonomers said fluoroelastomers comprising iodine and/or bromine atoms in the chain and/or in end position.

Abstract: To provide a fluoropolymer having functional groups and having high transparency in a wide wavelength region, and a resist composition comprising the fluoropolymer. A fluoropolymer (A) having monomer units formed by polymerization of a fluorinated diene represented by the following formula (1): CF2?CFCH2CH-Q-CH2CH?CH2??(1) wherein Q is (CH2)aC(CF3)2OR4 (wherein a is an integer of from 0 to 3, R4 is an alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group having at most 20 carbon atoms which may have an etheric oxygen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group having at most 6 carbon atoms, or CH2R5 (wherein R5 is an alkoxycarbonyl group having at most 6 carbon atoms)), or (CH2)dCOOR6 (wherein d is 0 or 1, and R6 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group having at most 20 carbon atoms), a process for its production and a resist composition having the fluoropolymer (A) as a base.

Abstract: A fluoropolymer having functional groups and having high transparency in a wide wavelength range is provided, and a resist composition and a composition for a resist protective film, comprising the fluoropolymer, wherein the fluoropolymer has monomer units formed by cyclopolymerization of a fluorinated diene represented by the formula (1): CF2?CFCF2C(CF3)(OR1)—(CH2)nCR2?CHR3??(1) wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having at most 20 carbon atoms, or (CH2)aCOOR4 (wherein a is 0 or 1, and R4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having at most 20 carbon atoms), each of R2 and R3, which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having at most 12 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 2, provided that when n is 0, at least one of R1, R2 and R3 is other than a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated polymer which enables to reduce the amount of residual ink on partition walls and to form an ink layer having high uniformity in film thickness, and a negative photosensitive composition. A fluorinated polymer which is a copolymer made of at least two monomers each having an ethylenic double bond, and which has a side chain having a C20 or lower alkyl group in which at least one of its hydrogen atoms is substituted by a fluorine atom (provided that the alkyl group may contain an etheric oxygen atom between carbon atoms) and a side chain having at least two ethylenic double bonds per side chain.

Abstract: To provide a curable composition which gives a cured fluorinated product excellent in transparency, light resistance (particularly against a short wavelength light having a wavelength of from 200 to 500 nm) and heat resistance, and having a controlled volume particularly thickness. A curable composition which contains a perfluorocyclic polyene having alicyclic structures which comprise carbon atoms and which may contain an oxygen atom and having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds, at least one of which is a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in which at least one of the two carbon atoms forming the polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond is a carbon atom forming the alicyclic structure, and a polymerization initiator; a cured fluorinated product obtained by curing the curable composition; an optical material made of the cured fluorinated product; and a light emitting device encapsulated with the cured fluorinated product in a light-transmitting manner.

Abstract: Fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl alcohols of the formula are disclosed and their corresponding (meth)acrylate esters. These fluoroalkyl amidoalkyl (meth)acrylate monomers can be copolymerized with a wide variety of conventional ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The resulting copolymers are useful as water, oil- and grease-proofing agents for paper, textiles and hard surfaces such as masonry and wood.

Abstract: Sulphonic fluorinated ionomers crosslinked by radical crosslinking of: A) crosslinkable sulphonic fluorinated ionomers, having equivalent weight 380–1300 g/eq and comprising: from 48% to 85% by moles of monomeric units deriving from tetrafluoroethylene (TFE); from 15% to 47% by moles of fluorinated monomeric units containing sulphonyl groups —SO2F; from 0.01% to 5% by moles of monomeric units deriving from a bis-olefin of formula: wherein: m=2–10, preferably 4–8; R1, R2, R5, R6, equal to or different from each other, are H or C1–C5 alkyl groups; B) a fluorinated compound as crosslinking radical initiator; C) a fluorinated bis-olefin of structure (I) as crosslinking agent; the radical crosslinking being carried out at a temperature in the range 250° C.–310° C., preferably 260° C.–300° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the reduction of oligomer content of melt-processible fluoropolymer so that the fluoropolymer has at least 25 ppm less oligomer than the as-polymerized fluoropolymer, the reduction being obtained by melting the fluoropolymer forming a surface of molten fluoropolymer and regenerating this surface, contacting the regenerating surface with inert gas, and devolatilizing the resultant molten fluoropolymer.

Abstract: A curable fluoropolyether composition comprising (A) a fluoropolyether compound containing alkenyl radicals and having a fluorine content of at least 40% by weight, (B) a curing agent in the form of a fluorinated organosilicon compound which is fully soluble in the fluoropolyether compound, and (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, is curable at room temperature or under heat, has a low viscosity and transparency, and exhibits improved water repellence, oil repellence, solvent resistance, chemical resistance and weather resistance.