Abstract: Preparation of biocidal polymers and copolymers based on free radical-polymerizable and copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing monomer units composed of BCM salts of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids, solutions thereof and preferably aqueous dispersions thereof. Processes for their preparation and their use as fungicidal and algicidal impregnating agents, paints and finishing agents for scumbles and dispersion paints providing protection against blue staining on wood, for synthetic resin renderings, for exposed concrete paints and for textile finishing agents.

Abstract: A composition of a superabsorbent polymer and a process for using the polymer to absorb an aqueous electrolyte solution are disclosed.

Abstract: Rapidly processible and irreversibly bleachable polymeric filter dyes for photographic elements are provided wherein a benzoxazle styryl chromophore is covalently bonded to a copolymer, particularly a copolymer of methyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and sulfoethylmethacrylate, as well as filter layers and photosensitive elements containing them.

Abstract: Copolymers of aliphatic monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and unsaturated monomers have been formed by gradually and simultaneously adding monomers and initiator, in the presence of a metal salt activator, to a reaction vessel initially containing water at a temperature suitable for polymerization. These copolymers have consistent compositions and superior properties as antiscalants, dispersants and incrustation inhibitors.

Abstract: An (iso)quinolinediyl polymer having a degree of polymerization of at least 5 is produced from an (iso)quinoline dihalide by a reaction with a zero-valent nickel compound, or an electrolytic reduction in the presence of a nickel compound. Since it is excellent in heat-resistivity and soluble in organic solvents, this polymer can be shaped by a dry-process into fibers, films or the like. Its depolarization degree and electrochemical oxidation-reduction potential can be controlled according to its structure.

Abstract: A compound comprising 0.001 to 100 mole percent of a structural unit of the formula ##STR1## wherein W is --CMe.sub.2 -- or --Se--, R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aralkyl, R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 each represents H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, etc., R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each represents H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, etc., X is O or S, provided that when W is --CMe.sub.2 --, X is S, and 0 to 99.999 mole percent of a structural unit of the formula ##STR2## wherein Y is H or Me and Z represents alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, etc.

Abstract: Polymerization of N-methyl norbornene dicarboximide yields polymers of high Tg, e.g. greater than 200.degree. C. Preferred polymers of exo N-methyl norbornene dicarboximide have number average molecular weight of at least 8,000.

Abstract: A process of producing an olefin polymer by polymerizing an olefin in a multi-stage polymerization in the presence of a catalyst composed of a solid catalyst component containing a halogen and titanium, and an organoaluminum compound, while adding, to a reaction vessel for conducting a second-stage or later polymerization or a portion connecting a former part to a latter part, of the multi-stage polymerization reaction vessels,(a) a polyfunctional electron donor compound in an amount, based on the organoaluminum compound, of 0.

Abstract: The solvent-resistance and thermal stability of polyamideimides of the general formulae: ##STR1## is improved by capping the amideimides with a crosslinking functionality (Y) containing a residue selected from the group of: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 =lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl (either including hydroxyl or halo-substituents), halogen, or mixtures thereof;j= 0, 1, or 2;G=--CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --CO--, --CHR--, or --CR.sub.2 --;R=hydrogen, lower alkyl, or phenyl;T=methallyl or allyl;Me=methyl;R.sub.2 =a trivalent organic radical; andR.sub.3 =a divalent organic radical.The amideimide oligomers may be linear or multidimensional, and can be processed into blends, prepregs, or composites. Methods of making these amideimides and intermediates useful in the syntheses are also described.

Abstract: Compounds containing at least one alkenyl group, at least one maleimide group and at least one rodlike mesogenic moiety are prepared by reacting one or more aminophenols containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties with a stoichiometric quantity of a maleic anhydride per amine group of said aminophenol and then alkenylating the resulting phenolic functional maleimide.

Abstract: Novel polycyanate compositions containing one or more mesogenic moieties as lateral substituents are disclosed which provide improved processability relative to polycyanates containing one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain of the molecule. Molecular level ordering of the resulting thermosets is maintained much similar to that found thermosets of polycyanates which have one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides polymerizable tetraazaporphyrin dyes, and corresponding polymers which can be formed into thin film optical waveguiding media which exhibit nonlinear optical susceptibility.

Abstract: High Tg polymers prepared by metathesis ring-opening polymerization of N-aryl norbornene dicarboximide and one or more other norbornene derivative monomers, wherein said N-aryl group is substituted with a halo, cyano, alkyl or halogenated alkyl substituting group which is ortho or meta to the imide nitrogen. Preferred polymers with exceptionally high Tg are prepared from N-ortho substituted phenyl norbornene dicarboximide monomer. Mixtures of N-ortho substituted phenyl norbornene dicarboximide and N-meta substituted phenyl norbornene dicarboximide can exhibit eutectic melting points which facilitates melt polymerization.

Abstract: The invention is a series of amorphous copolymers which, used in association with a small molecule, provide photorefractive materials that can be used in optical signal processing. These copolymers contain an active non-linear optical group and a group which contributes to their photoconductivity. ##STR1## where: X is H, CH.sub.3, Cl or FY is H, CH.sub.3, Cl or F2.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.42.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.4The electron-donor group D being:--O--, --S--, ##STR2## or --COO-- The electron-acceptor group A.sub.e being: --CN, --NO.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to bidimensional organic membranes or diaphragms and to their preparation processes.These diaphragms have at least one monomolecular layer of organic molecules A, such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines and porphyrazines. In a layer, each molecule A is directly or indirectly bonded to n (n.gtoreq.3) identical molecules A by n bonds arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the molecule A.Therefore there diaphragms have microscopic physical properties identical in at least two directions of the plane of the diaphragm. They can be used as conductive diaphragms.

Abstract: A coating composition for forming an undercoat layer, which contains a copolymer obtained from the following monomer compounds (i), (ii) and (iii),(i) an acrylic or methacrylic compound,(ii) an alkoxysilyl group-containing acrylic or methacrylic compound and(iii) an acrylic or methacrylic compound having ultraviolet light absorbability such as benzophenone-substitued acrylic monomer or triazole-substituted acrylic monomer,and a coated resin molded article coated with an undercoat layer of the above coating composition, and with an overcoat layer of an organopolysiloxane-containing coating composition.

Abstract: A hydrophilic contact lens is disclsoed incorporating melanin that protects the eye from harmful radiation and superoxide.

Abstract: This invention provides novel vinyl polymers with pendant side chains which exhibit nonlinear optical response. The polymers have utility as a transparent optical media in optical devices.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 have the meanings given in the description, and the other radicals have the following meanings:X, Y and Z denote identical or different divalent radicals --O--, --S--, --N(R.sup.9)-- or --C(R.sup.10).dbd.C(R.sup.11)--, with the proviso that at least one of the radicals, X, Y and Z is not a radical of the formula --C(R.sup.10).dbd.C(R.sup.11)--, and whereinR.sup.9 is a hydrogen atom, a branched or unbranched C.sub.1 - to C.sub.8 -alkyl radical or an optionally substituted phenyl radical, andR.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are, in each case, identical or different radicals which have one of the meanings of R.sup.1,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 denote identical or different radicals, that is to say hydrogen atoms or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.6 -alkyl or phenyl radicals, andn, m and o denote identical or different integers with a value of from 1 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymerizable cyclic urea derivatives which can be thermally split to give rise to an isocyanate group; and to a polymer having cyclic urea pendant groups, which can be cured by heating without any additional curing agent such as an isocyanate blocked with a volatile lower molecular weight material, so that volatile material is not released in a thermal curing process.

Abstract: Methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups contain or are composed of repeating units of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where m is an integer of from 3 to 11. The novel methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups can advantageously be used as photoconductors in photoconductive layers, in particular of electrophotographic recording elements.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides novel side chain copolymers which exhibit nonlinear optical response, and which have utility as a transparent optical component in all-optical and electrooptical light switch and light modulator devices.

Abstract: Thermosettable vinyl ester resin compositions are prepared from polyepoxide compounds, optionally, monoepoxide compounds, at least one of which contains a mesogenic or rigid rodlike moiety and a monounsaturated monocarboxylic acid. These vinyl ester resins can be mixed with polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can, if desired, contain a mesogenic or rigid rodlike moiety.

Abstract: Ionic copolymers exhibiting uniform, gel-free solution viscosity and a controllable melt viscosity and hot melt tension are prepared by copolymerizing in an oil phase a nonionic monomer such as styrene or an alkylacrylate with an ionic monomer such as zinc dodecyl maleate or didodecyldimethylammonium p-styrene sulfonate.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a novel type of copolymer which can be formed into a thin film nonlinear optical medium which exhibits superior light transmission properties, and which has excellent adhesion properties when laminated with inorganic or organic layers.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a novel class of conducting organic polymers that are formed by the vapor phase polymerization and condensation of polynuclear aromatic compounds, polynuclear heterocyclic compounds and oligomers of polynuclear heterocyclic compounds. Especially useful in forming the conducting organic polymers of the present invention are compounds selected from the group consisting of anthracene, pyrene, pentacene, perylene, triphenylene, quinoline, phenazine, biquinoline, quinoline oligomers, benzoquinoline, pyrido-bipyrazine, terpyridine, bipyrazine and alkyl derivatives thereof in which the alkyl subsituent has 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light absorbing occular lens comprising a vinyl type copolymer containing from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of a benzotriazole type ultraviolet light absorbing monomer as chemically bonded therewith, the ultravioleet light absorbing monomer having the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3 and n is 2 or 3).

Abstract: In-situ development of an ultraviolet absorber is provided by a compound such as a hydroxy-phenyl-triazole containing a group which protects the absorber during actinically activated polymerization by light at first frequency. After polymerization the protective group is removed by actinic reaction at a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The protective group is formed by replacing the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group with an acyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an acryloxy group of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is either an alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2.

Abstract: Toughened bismaleimide resin systems capable of preparing carbon fiber reinforced composites having compression after impact strengths of greater than 40 Ksi are prepared from bismaleimide matrix resin systems containing a member of a limited set of soluble thermoplastic polyimides in particulate form.

Abstract: Bisimides of the formula I ##STR1## in which, for example, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, x is 1, y is zero and R is bis-(1,4-phenylene)-methane are intermediates for the preparation of polymers having excellent physical properties, and are suitable for the production of mouldings, coatings and adhesive joints and, in particular, for the production of prepregs and heat-resistant composite materials.

Abstract: A preferred class of polyimide oligomers include (1) linear, difunctional crosslinking oligomers prepared by condensing an imidophenylamine end cap with a lower alkylene diamine or a polyaryldiamine such as 3,3'-phenoxyphenylsulfone diamine and with a dianhydride, particularly 4,4'-phenoxyphenylsulfone dianhydride; and (2) multidimensional, crosslinking, polyimide oligomers having an aromatic hub and at least two radiating arms connected to the hub, each arm including a crosslinking imidophenylamine end cap at its distal end and at least two imide linkages.Blends, prepregs, and composites can be prepared from the oligomers.

Abstract: Methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups contain or are composed of repeating units of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where m is an integer of from 3 to 11. The novel methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups can advantageously be used as photoconductors in photoconductive layers, in particular of electrophotographic recording elements.

Abstract: Polyethylene cyclopentanedicarboximides, e.g. having an imide group which is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, prepared by hydrogenation of a presursor polymer having olefinic unsaturation in the polymer backbone and derived from norbornene dicarboximide units. Such polyethylene cyclopentanedicarboximides exhibit a substantially higher thermo-oxidative stability then the unsaturated precursor polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a medium incorporating melanin for radiation protection.

Abstract: Polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising the reaction product of a 1,2-epoxy group-containing polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a 2(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole compound of the structure: ##STR1## where X is=to H, OR and NR.sub.2 where R=alkyl; Z'=H and C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OH; Z and Y=H when Z'=C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OH; when Z'=H, Y and Z=OH or Y=H and Z.times.OH are disclosed. The monomers are useful in preparing free radical initiated addition polymers. Polymers can also be prepared by first preparing a free radical initiated addition polymer derived from a 1,2-epoxy group-containing polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer and subsequently reacting the polymer with the benzotriazole compound. Both types of polymer contain permanent polymer-bound ultraviolet light stabilizers and are useful as binders for exterior coatings, as resins for the manufacture of optical lenses, and as components for sunscreens and suntanning lotions.

Abstract: A novel polyethynylacetylene derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is H, (C1-7) alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, carbazole, (C2-7) vinyl-alkyl --CX.sub.1 X.sub.2 (OH) or --SiX.sub.1 X.sub.2 X.sub.3 in which X.sub.1, X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 are H, (C1-7) alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, with the proviso that the case where all of X.sub.1, X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 are H is excluded and x is a number of 20 to 500. The polyethynylacetylene derivative is prepared by polymerizing a monomer of the formula HC.tbd.C--C.tbd.CR wherein R is as defined above, with the proviso that the case where R is H is excluded, in the presence of a metathesis catalyst or a Ziegler catalyst. A polyethynylacetylene derivative of the above formula (wherein R=H) is prepared by reacting a polyethynylacetylene derivative of the above formula wherein R=Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1).sub.3 with a desilylating agent. The polyethynylacetylene derivative is soluble in organic solvents and can be shaped into various articles.

Abstract: Compounds containing at least one cyanate group, at least one maleimide group and at least one mesogenic or rodlike moiety are prepared by reacting one or more aminophenols containing one or more mesogenic or rodlike moieties with a stoichimetric quantity of a maleic anhydride per amine group of said aminophenol and then cyanating the resulting phenolic functional maleimide.

Abstract: A thermoset resin composition comprises a compound (A) having one or more maleimido groups in its molecule and at least one vinylbenzyl ether compound (B) selected from the group consisting of compounds (B.sub.1) having at least two vinylbenzyl ether groups bonded to a naphthalene nucleus in its molecule and compounds (B.sub.2) having at least two vinylbenzyl ether groups bonded to a benzene nucleus having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups and alkoxy groups in its molecule.The composition exhibits excellent low-temperature curing properties, heat resistance and mechanical strength.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which a is 1, 2 or 3, b is 0, 1, or 2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another are hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of the formulas IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, IIe or IIf ##STR2## X is --O--, --S--, --CO--, --COO--, --CO--NR.sup.5 -- or --CR.sup.6 R.sup.7 --, Z.sup.1 is --CR.sup.6 R.sup.7 --, Z.sup.2 is --SO.sub.2 -- or --CO--, Y is a direct C--C bond, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO--, --P(O)R.sup.9 --, --COO--, --CO--NR.sup.5 --, --C.sub.n H.sub.2n -- or --CR.sup.10 R.sup.11 --, n is an integer from 1 to 12, R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, independently of one another, are hydrogen, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, --CF.sub.3, cyclohexyl or phenyl, or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 together with the common C atom are a cycloalkylidene radical having 5 to 7 ring carbon atoms, R.sup.8 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, chlorine or bromine, R.sup.

Abstract: Polymers of N-cycloalkyl norbornene dicarboximides exhibit high glass transition temperature, low moisture pickup and low dielectric permittivity. Poly(N-cyclohexyl norbornene dicarboximide) has a Tg of 280.degree. C., dielectric constant of about 2.5 and boiling water equilibrated weight gain of only about 2%. Monomers have melting point less than 150.degree. C. and are advantageously prepared by melt polymerization with conventional metathesis ring-opening polymerization catalysts.

Abstract: The invention is a complex-forming polymer comprising at least one aryl group having a 2,2'-bipyridine complex-forming moiety or a 1,10-phenanthroline complex-forming moiety. The complex-forming polymers are prepared by contacting a substituted 2,2'-bipyridine or a substituted 1,10-phenanthroline compound with a metalating agent, and then reacting the metalated compound with an halomethylated polystyrene polymer, or alternatively, reacting the metalated compound with at least one vinylbenzyl halide and subsequently polymerizing the reaction product. The complex-forming polymers are hydrolytically stable and may be used as polymeric ligands as such or complexed with selected metal compounds.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivatives thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a medium incorporating melanin for radiation protection.

Abstract: This invention provides novel side chain copolymers which exhibit nonlinear optical response, and which have utility as a transparent optical component in all-optical and electrooptical light switch and light modulator devices.

Abstract: Melanin is used as the absorbing pigment for radiation protective eyeware. Thus, a melanin-plastic copolymer was formed by adding a catalyst (benzoyl peroxide) to the liquid monomer, diethylene glycol bis allyl carbonate (CR-39), which contained dissolved catechol (a melanin precursor); the solution was heated for one day at 50 degrees celsius and an additional two days at 65 degrees celsius and yielded an optically transparent solid plastic with amber color and with an optical absorption spectrum very close to that associated with melanin.

Abstract: The novel UV-absorbers are compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is, for example, hydrogen, n is one of the numbers 1 or 2 and R.sup.2 is an appropriate monovalent or divalent radical, for example --OH or --O-CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--. The UV-absorbers are used in particular for stabilising and improving lacquers and photographic material.

Abstract: The present invention is a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1-20 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-3 alcohol, or allyl unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or phenyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, or C.sub.1-20 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-3 alcohol or together R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are oxygen, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently C.sub.1-20 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with C.sub.1-3 alcohol or phenyl, hydroxy, --(CH.sub.2).sub.1-3 COOH, --CHR.sup.7 COOH wherein R.sup.7 is C.sub.1-5 alkyl or C.sub.1-5 alkyl substituted with hydroxy, amino, or carboxy, or allyl unsubstituted or substituted with a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or phenyl or together R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 with the two nitrogen atoms form a fused ring having the formula ##STR2## wherein n is 1 or 2, or form a fused ring having the formula ##STR3## wherein p is an integer from 0 to 3.

Abstract: Processable conductive polymers including an oxidized, polymerized aromatic heterocyclic monomer, e.g., pyrrole, an stabilizing effective amount of a poly(vinyl acetate) and dopant anions, and a process of preparing said processable conductive polymers directly in a nonaqueous medium such as methyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, and propyl formate are disclosed.

Abstract: Basic polypyrrylenemethines, and salts thereof, having conjugated double bonds and constructed from optionally substituted five-membered heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen, as the only hetero atom in the ring are disclosed, with the five-membered rings, in each case, being bonded to one another in pairs via an optionally substituted carbon atom as a bridging member. The polymer compositions of the invention contain at least five of these five-membered rings and 0 to 50%, relative to the weight of these polymers, of dopants and/or being electrochemically doped. A process for the preparation of the claimed compositions is further disclosed. The polymer compositions of the invention have electroconducting and semi-conducting properties and are useful, for example, in batteries, circuits and switches, if appropriately used in conjunction with other polymers. In addition, the compounds of the invention can also be employed as absorbents for heavy metals and as catalysts.