Abstract: There is provided a photoresist including (a) a resin composed of a polymer having a compound represented with the following general formula ?1! within a structural unit thereof, and (b) a photo acid generator. ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, R.sup.2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group including a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group and having a carbon number in the range of 7 to 13 both inclusive, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 or 2, and R.sup.5 represents one of (a) a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 12, (b) a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 12 and replaced with an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 12, and (c) a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 12 and replaced with an acyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 13. The above mentioned photoresist produces no extra polymer by side reaction.

Abstract: A sheet molding composition is provided which exhibits controllable thickening. The composition includes a low molecular weight polyester in which some of the chain ends have been endcapped with functional groups which are unable to react with the thickeners employed in the sheet molding composition. The sheet molding composition has a low viscosity of from about 6 to about 20 million centipoise which allows molding at low pressures of from about 100 to about 300 psi.

Abstract: Organic ophthalmic articles are photochromic and have high indices of refraction.

Abstract: This invention provides latex compositions prepared using, for example, both acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM) and t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate (t-BAMA) which when applied to a pre-coated substrate, possess out-standing wet adhesion when compared to waterborne polymers containing either AAEM or t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate alone. The latex compositions of this invention continue to exhibit superior wet adhesion after storage at room temperature for one year. The latex compositions are thus particularly useful in coating compositions, especially coating bare or previously-coated metals, paper, plastics, wood, textiles, and in adhesives.

Abstract: A novel and safe ethylenically unsaturated peroxyester composition derived from an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is provided, as well as processes for making and using the composition. The peroxyester composition comprises about 0.04 to about 0.70 mole fraction of a first component compound having a formula I: ##STR1## about 0.32 to about 0.50 mole fraction of a second component compound having a formula II: ##STR2## about 0.04 to about 0.70 mole fraction of a third component compound having a formula III: ##STR3## wherein Q is an unsaturated ethylene divalent radical and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are organic substituents. Polymeric-peroxides are prepared via polymerizing the peroxyester compositions. The peroxyester compositions are also used for curing unsaturated polyester resins and for initiating polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: There are disclosed a styrenic copolymer which comprises at least one structural unit represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## and a structural unit represented by the general formula (II) ##STR2## or a structural unit represented by the general formula (IX) ##STR3## wherein the symbols are each as previously defined in the specification, the structural unit (II) or (IX) being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 99.9 mol %; and a process for the production of the above copolymer.The above styrenic copolymer has a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in the stereoregularity of the main chain of the structural unit (I) as well as adhesivity and compatibility with a resin of a different type.

Abstract: This invention provides polymers useful in coating compositions. The polymers are prepared via a free radical polymerization using ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The polymers of this invention possess pendant allylic groups which are capable of effecting free-radical flux when the compositions are applied to a substrate and exposed to oxygen. Coatings formed from preferred compositions possess superior solvent, print, and block resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid, radiation curable composition comprising: (A) an unsaturated polyester component containing an unsaturated polyester polymer, an unsaturated polyester oligomer or a mixture thereof; and (B) a non-polymerized, cocurable vinyl ether component which may be separate from or structurally incorporated in the unsaturated polyester component, provided that the vinyl ether component contains an average of at least two vinyl ether groups per molecule of the vinyl ether component.Also disclosed is a method of coating comprising: applying to a substrate a film of a liquid, radiation curable composition of the invention, and curing the composition through its thickness to a tack-free state by exposing the film to ionizing radiation and/or ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A one-part, substantially formaldehyde-free, self-curing interpolymer comprising repeating units derived from a) about 4 to about 30 percent by weight of at least one functional monomer selected from olefinically unsaturated monomer containing a nucleophile group; b) about 4 to about 40 percent by weight of an olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; c) about 1 to about 60 percent by weight of (meth)acrylonitrile; d) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid ester of an alcohol containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and e) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, and vinyl halides, wherein at least one of monomers d) and e) are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight, for use as a fiber binder, such as for coating non-woven glass mats, or as a saturant for fiber substrates such as paper.

Abstract: A cross-linkable polymeric casting composition includinga fluorene diacrylate or dimethacrylate monomer; anda comonomer including a polymerisable double bond.

Abstract: A one-part, substantially formaldehyde-free, self-curing interpolymer comprising repeating units derived from a) about 4 to about 30 percent by weight of at least one functional monomer selected from olefinically unsaturated monomer containing a nucleophile group: b) about 4 to about 40 percent by weight of an olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; c) about 1 to about 60 percent by weight of (meth)acrylonitrile; d) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid ester of an alcohol containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and e) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, and vinyl halides, wherein at least one of monomers d) and e) are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight, for use as a fiber binder, such as for coating non-woven glass mats, or as a saturant for fiber substrates such as paper.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a surface-crosslinked water-absorbent polymer having improved properties. The subject invention further pertains to a process for preparing such a polymer. Through the use of a preferred primary crosslinking agent coupled with surface crosslinking, desirable absorptive properties are achieved. Suitable primary crosslinking agents include methylenebisacrylamide, bis(acrylamido)acetic acid and its salts, allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate and esters or amides having both a vinyl and an allyl functionality.

Abstract: A novel and safe ethylenically unsaturated peroxyester composition derived from an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is provided, as well as processes for making and using the composition. The peroxyester composition comprises about 0.04 to about 0.70 mole fraction of a first component compound having a formula I: ##STR1## about 0.32 to about 0.50 mole fraction of a second component compound having a formula II: ##STR2## about 0.04 to about 0.70 mole fraction of a third component compound having a formula III: ##STR3## wherein Q is an unsaturated ethylene divalent radical and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are organic substituents. Polymeric-peroxides are prepared via polymerizing the peroxyester compositions. The peroxyester compositions are also used for curing unsaturated polyester resins and for initiating polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: An ocular lens material comprising a copolymer prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising, as main components, (A) 15 to 40% by mole of a fluoroalkyl (silicon-containing alkyl) fumarate, (B) 10 to 50% by mole of a styrenic monomer, (C) 5 to 35% by mole of a hydrophilic monomer, and (D) 0.1 to 20% by mole of a crosslinkable monomer. The ocular lens material is excellent in all of transparency, oxygen permeability, mechanical strength and hardness. Further, the material is excellent in hydrophilic property in spite of its low water absorption.

Abstract: Copolymers useful as contact lens materials are the polymerization product of a mixture comprising:(a) an itaconate;(b) a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: each A is independently an activated unsaturated radical;each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 monovalent hydrocarbon radical, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing ether linkages, a halogen-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 monovalent hydrocarbon radical, and a halogen-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing ether linkages;each R' is independently a C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 divalent hydrocarbon radical; andn averages about 15 to about 50;(c) an ethylenically unsaturated organosiloxane monomer; and(d) a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: A cast resin for optical use is obtained by polymerizing 40 to 89 wt % of a diallyl phthalate component represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein --R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, --OR.sub.2 is a dihydric alcohol residue having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and m is an integer of from 0 to 20, 10 to 59 wt % of an alkylene glycol bis-allyl carbonate component represented by the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein --R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, --OR.sub.3 is a dihydric alcohol residue having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 0 to 10, and 1 to 30 wt % of a vinyl compound represented by the formula (III) ##STR3## wherein --R.sub.5 and --R.sub.6 stand for a hydrogen atom or a group ##STR4## wherein X and Y each indicate a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom.

Abstract: A free-radical radiation curable composition comprising:a) at least one compound containing one to six vinyl ether groups; andb) at least one compound containing a urethane backbone with one to six maleate and/or fumarate end groups,wherein the ratio of vinyl ether groups to maleate and/or fumarate groups is in the range of about 1 to about 1:5.

Abstract: A cast resin for optical use is obtained by polymerizing a diallylphthalate component represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein --R.sub.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, --OR.sub.2 for a dihydric alcohol residue having 1-5 carbon atoms, and m for an integer of 0-20, with an alkyleneglycol bis-allylcarbonate component represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein --R.sub.4 stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, --OR.sub.3 for a dihydric alcohol residue having 1-10 carbon atoms, and n for an integer of 1-10. In addition to the above components, there may be added a vinyl compound.

Abstract: A free-radical radiation curable composition comprising:a) at least one compound containing from one to about six vinyl ether groups; andb) at least one product obtainable by the reaction of a half-ester of maleic and/or fumaric acid with an epoxy functionalized compound,wherein the ratio of vinyl ether groups to maleate and/or fumarate groups is in the range of about 5:1 to about 1:5.

Abstract: A free-radical radiation curable composition comprising:a) at least one compound containing from one to about six vinyl ether groups; andb) at least one compound containing a saturated backbone and at least one maleate or fumarate end group per molecule,wherein the ratio of vinyl ether groups to maleate or fumarate groups in the composition is in the range of about 5:1 to about 1:5.

Abstract: An ocular lens material comprising a copolymer prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising, as main components, (A) 15 to 40% by mole of a fluoroalkyl (silicon-containing alkyl) fumarate, (B) 35 to 55% by mole of an N-vinyl lactam, (C) 3 to 30% by mole of at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and (D) 0.1 to 20% by mole of a crosslinkable monomer. The ocular lens material is excellent in all of transparency, oxygen permeability, mechanical strength and hardness. Further, the material is excellent in hydrophilic property in spite of its low water absorption.

Abstract: A homopolymer or a copolymer comprises a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I):A--X--COCOOR.sub.1 (I)whereinR.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or an aryl group;X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, --COO-- or --NR.sub.5 --whereinR.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;A represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenylaryl or alkenylaralkyl group, or a group represented by: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;Y represents an oxygen atom or --NR.sub.4 -- wherein R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 5; m is an integer of 1 to 10; and l is 0 or an integer of 1 to 20;with the proviso that if Y is present, X is not --NR.sub.5 --. Additionally, disclosed are processes of preparing the homopolymer or copolymer as well as the polymerizable compound.

Abstract: Ferroelectric, liquid-crystaline polymers contain repeating units of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the symbols have the following meanings: B=a group having at least one chiral center, of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are identical or different and are H, CH.sub.3, OCH.sub.3, F, Cl or Br, and at least one of the groups R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 must be H and X=H, F, Cl or Br and R.sup.9 =H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl,Y=H, CH.sub.3 or F,R.sup.1 =for example a straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 16 carbon atomsa=2 to 20, preferably 6 to 12b, c, d, e and f=0 or 1 with the proviso that d+e+f=2 or 3A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 =for example, 1,4-phenylene or 2,5-pyridinediyl,M.sup.1, M.sup.2 and M.sup.3 =for example CO--O, or O--CO, andG=for example, a straight-chain or branched alkylene having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Crosslinked polymeric microparticles obtained by polymerization of a mixture of polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers being substantially free of monomers containing polar groups are disclosed. At least one of said monomers is a polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomer free of oxyethylene groups and is present in amounts of 10 to 90 percent by weight based on total weight of said polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The crosslinked polymeric microparticles are prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization techniques in the absence of polyester emulsifier. The microparticles are separated from the aqueous polymerization medium and converted into organic medium by azeotropic distillation. The microparticles are useful in organic solvent-based high solids coating compositions and can be used in color coats, clear coats or composite color-clear coatings where the crosslinked polymeric microparticles can be contained in the color coat and/or in the clear coat.

Abstract: A hard contact lens material comprising a copolymer made of at least two kinds of fumaric acid diester at least one of which is a dialkyl fumarate as main components. The hard contact lens material has high oxygen permeability, transparance and excellent physical properties.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of copolymers and graft copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated perfluoroalkyl monomers having at least 6 C atoms in the perfluorinated chain and ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing no perfluoroalkyl groups, which additionally contain certain ester compounds which cannot be used as comonomers, are outstandingly suitable for finishing textile materials, leather and the like. Excellent oleophobic and hydrophobic effects are obtained.

Abstract: Epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins are prepared which contain a polymeric domain containing mesogenic or rigid rodlike moieties.

Abstract: Disclosed are a coating composition (A) for preventing adhesion of organisms which comprises as its vehicle component a homopolymer or a copolymer, the homopolymer being one prepared by homopolymerizing a phenol-modified unsaturated monomer obtained by reacting (a) an unsaturated monomer containing epoxy group and/or hydroxyl group with (b) an addition reaction product of a phenolic compound with a compound having one carboxylic anhydride group per molecule, and the copolymer being one prepared by copolymerizing said phenol-modified unsaturated monomer and a radically polymerizable unsaturated monomer, and also a coating composition (B) for preventing adhesion of organisms which comprises as its vehicle component a phenol-modified resin prepared by reacting (c) a resin containing epoxy group and/or hydroxyl group with (b) and addition reaction product of a phenolic compound with a compound having one carboxylic anhyhdride group per molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed are a coating composition (A) for preventing adhesion of organisms which comprises as its vehicle component a homopolymer or a copolymer, the homopolymer being one prepared by homopolymerizing a phenol-modified unsaturated monomer obtained by reacting (a) an unsaturated monomer containing epoxy group and/or hydroxyl group with (b) an addition reaction product of a phenolic compound with a compound having one carboxylic anhydride group per molecule, and the copolymer being one prepared by copolymerizing said phenol-modified unsaturated monomer and a radically polymerizable unsaturated monomer, and also a coating composition (B) for preventing adhesion of organisms which comprises as its vehicle component a phenol-modified resin prepared by reacting (c) a resin containing epoxy group and/or hydroxyl group with (b) an addition reaction product of a phenolic compound with a compound having one carboxylic anhydride group per molecule.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly water adsorptive polymer, which comprises subjecting an aqueous solution of partially neutralized sodium acrylate wherein 20 to 50% or less of the carboxyl group has been neutralized to its sodium salt, the concentration of the partially neutralized sodium acrylate in the aqueous solution being 45 to 80% by weight, to solution polymerization in the presence of a crosslinking agent and optionally not exceeding 20 mol % based on the partially neutralized sodium acrylate of at least one basic vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylamide, 2-vinylpyridine, and 4-vinylpyridine with the use of a water soluble radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: The copolymers of the invention are made from .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters and .alpha.-olefins. The .alpha.-olefins employed have 8 to 24 C-atoms and the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters are made solely from ethoxylated alcohol with a degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 45. Also disclosed is a process for the production of these copolymers, in which either .alpha.-olefin having 8-24 C-atoms is copolymerized with .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride or .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid at temperatures of 80.degree.-210.degree. C. in the presence of a peroxide catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere, along with esterification with ethoxylated alcohol having a degree of ethoxylation of 1-45 in the mole ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride : ethoxylated alcohol, or by copolymerizing .alpha.-olefins having 8-24 C-atoms and .alpha.-.beta.

Abstract: An acrylic rubber obtainable by copolymerizing a monomer mixture of:(A) 70 to 99.99% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates and alkoxyalkyl acrylates,(B) 0.01 to 10% by weight of at least one compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X is a hydrogen atom, --COOR.sup.6 (R.sup.6 is an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group having 2-14 carbon atoms), or ##STR2## R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen atoms or groups having 1-10 carbon atoms whose carbon atom adjacent to C.dbd.C has no hydrogen; R.sup.5 is a group having 1-10 carbon atoms whose carbon atom adjacent to C.dbd.C has no hydrogen; Y is ##STR3## or --O--; and n is 1 or 0, and (C) 0-20% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of other unsaturated compounds of the vinyl type, vinylidene type and vinylene type, in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxylic acrylate copolymer which contains a proportion of copolymerized monomers having at least 2 double bonds, and to the process for the preparation of the acrylate copolymer. The invention also relates to coating agents which contains acid-curable binders, organic solvents and, if appropriate, pigments, fillers and conventional assistants and additives and which contain, as the essential binder, the hydroxylic acrylate copolymer and an alkylated melamine/formaldehyde resin. The invention also relates to coating agents which, as the essential binders, contain the hydroxylic acrylate copolymer in one or more different polyfunctional isocyanates.

Abstract: A hard contact lens material comprising a copolymer made of at least two kinds of fumaric acid diester at least one of which is a dialkyl fumarate as main components. The hard contact lens material has high oxygen permeability, transparance and excellent physical properties.

Abstract: According to the invention, there are provided an optical resin and a process for preparing such a resin. The optical resin is obtained by polymerizing a feed monomer comprising at least a diester of dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) of: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent the same or different groups and stand for an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an ester residue having at least one aromatic ring.

Abstract: A method for producing a high molecular weight polystyrene comprises polymerizing styrene monomer and from about 0.01 to about 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight total monomer of a polyfunctional monomer in an emulsion polymerization medium. Preferred polyfunctional monomers include allyl groups, vinyl groups or mixtures thereof, and the resultant high molecular polystyrene preferably has a weight average molecular weight, Mw, greater than about 400,000.

Abstract: (Methy)acrylic acid esters of the general formula(Mo).sub.n --[--A--O--CO--CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --CO--O--].sub.x --A--(OM).sub.nare described whereinA is an alcohol radical having at least 4 chain atoms between two junction sites.M is CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sup.1)--CO wherein R.sup.1 stands for hydrogen or methyl,n is 1 or 2, andx is 0.3 to 3.These esters are suited for the preparation of dental compositions.

Abstract: Dental restorative compositions comprising a polymerizable polyfunctional prepolymer type methacrylate having the following chemical formulas: ##STR1## and a filler material, are disclosed. The prepolymer monomers and polymer formed are also taught.

Abstract: A photo-setting resin composition having a good storage stability; using no hexavalent chrome; having well-balanced photosenstive and dyeing properties; capable of being developed with an aqueous solvent; and having a superior resolution when a color filter is formed, is provided, which composition is obtained by copolymerizing as effective components, a monomer expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; X represents --O-- or --NH--; Y represents a linear chain or branched hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; .PHI. represents ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z.sup..crclbar. represents an anion,with a monomer expressed by the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.4 represents H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and X and Y each are as defined above.

Abstract: A plastic lens which comprises a polymer (A) containing as major component at least one radicalpolymerizable biphenyl compound represented by the general formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein each of R's represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group, has a high refractive index of not less than 1.55 and is excellent in transparency, processability, impact resistance, and dyeability.

Abstract: An ink composition for thermal transfer printing of about 30 to 50 weight percent of a masterbatch including a pigment or dye uniformly dispersed in a copolymer of at least one of styrene and an .alpha.-olefin and at least one of a maleic anhydride and a dialkyl maleate and about 50 to 70 weight percent wax or resin is provided. The ink composition is suitable for use as the ink layer of an electrothermal transfer recording sheet.

Abstract: The polymeric sunscreen agents of the present invention comprise interpolymers of(a) an olefinic p-aminobenzoate devoid of hydroxy substitution;(b) N-vinylpyrrolidone;(c) a monomer selected from the group consisting of a vinyl lactam having a number average molecular weight of at least 125, an acrylate or methacrylate or any mixture thereof and optionally(d) acrylic or methacrylic acid.

Abstract: 4-Vinyl-2-methylenebutanedioic acid and its esters, as well as amide and nitrile analogs of these compounds, are diclosed. These compounds are capable of undergoing a rapid free radical cyclopolymerization reaction. The compounds, themselves, may be used as film-formers (for example, in paints or plastics) or may be used as groups pendant from a backbone, especially a low molecular weight backbone, to form other, more complex film-forming polymer precursor materials.

Abstract: There are disclosed polymerizable alkyl poly(oxyalkylene) esters of an acrylate oligomer and copolymers thereof, especially stable, aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble emulsion copolymers of (1) about 10-70% by weight of methacrylic or acrylic acid, (2) about 0.5-25% by weight of an alkyl poly(oxyalkylene) ester of an acrylate oligomer, and (3) at least 25% by weight, to a total of 100%, of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and optionally, included in the total monomer mixture, a small amount of (4) about 0.5-1% by weight, of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer. The copolymers, when neutralized and solubilized by addition of an alkali, are high efficiency thickeners for aqueous systems and have improved tolerance to ionic or electrolyte content. Typical systems that can be thickened are paint latices, cosmetic preparations, food preparations, ionic detergents, dye pastes for textiles, pharmaceuticals, and oil well drilling muds.

Abstract: There are disclosed polymerizable alkyl poly(oxyethylene) poly(carbonyloxyethylene)acrylates and copolymers thereof, especially stable, aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble emulsion copolymers of (1) about 10-70% by weight of (meth)acrylic, (2) about 0.5-25% by weight of an alkyl poly(oxyethylene) poly(carbonyloxyethylene) acrylate, and (3) at least 25% by weight, to a total of 100%, of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and, optionally included in the total monomer mixture, a small amount, about 0.05-1% by weight, of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer. The copolymers, when neutralized and solubilized by addition of an alkali, are high efficiency thickeners for aqueous systems and have improved tolerance to ionic or electrolyte content. Typical systems that can be thickened are paint latices, dye pastes for preparations, food preparations, ionic detergents, dye pastes for textiles, pharmaceuticals, and oil well drilling muds.

Abstract: A polymer capable of forming an anisotropic melt characterized in that the polymer chain includes residues of cross-linking reactants at a concentration sufficient to give a polymer with a melt viscosity of not greater than 10.sup.7 Nsec/m.sup.2 measured by capillary rheometry at a shear rate of 10.sup.4 N/m.sup.2. The polymers exhibit favorable shear dependent viscosity characteristics in that the viscosity is high under low shear conditions and is low under high shear conditions, as judged by the viscosity characteristics of polymers of the same composition but not containing the residues of cross-linking reactants.

Abstract: The invention is directed to biaxially oriented thermoplastic polymer flexible film having a substantially uniform thickness between about 0.005 and 0.030 of an inch (0.13 mm and 0.76 mm) and characterized by a structure comprised of discrete, platelet-like spherulitic crystalline aggregates compressed transversely to the plane of the film and biaxially oriented in the plane of the film and having a combination of improved properties and also to a rigid conduit or extrudate having a plurality of thermoplastic crystalline polymer layers each of which has a unique microstructure and improved properties.

Abstract: An improved process for producing an aqueous emulsion of a vinyl chloride/vinyl ester/ethylene copolymer having a small heat fluidity and excellent strength which comprises continuously adding a solution of a specific polybasic acid polyallyl ester in the vinyl chloride and/or vinyl ester and further at least 60% by weight of the vinyl chloride and vinyl ester to the polymerization system during the polymerization reaction. The copolymer thus produced has a large benzene-insoluble part and the aqueous emulsion thereof is stable and is useful as an adhesive, as for paint compositions, or as a binder for fibers and papers.

Abstract: A process is described that results in the production of a hydrophilic air-drying polymer system suitable for increasing the inter-fiber bonding in a fibrous substrate material. The process comprises passing air through a monomer maintained at a temperature below about 30.degree. C., said monomer having at least two activated unsaturations, until a desired viscosity increase has been achieved.

Abstract: Copolymers containing an acrylamidophenol as a crosslinking site and the corresponding crosslinked polymers are disclosed. The acrylamidophenol unit can be copolymerized with a wide variety of other monomers to provide crosslinkable and crosslinked polymers with useful properties. The acrylamidophenol unit provides for crosslinking at low pH with conventional crosslinking agents. The acrylamidophenol monomer unit is present in the copolymer from about 0.5 to 50 percent by weight and has the formula: ##STR1## wherein: x is 1 or 0,L is a linking group,R represents hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.1 through R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 through R.sup.5 is hydroxy and at least one of the positions ortho or para to said hydroxy has a hydrogen atom attached thereto. The remainder of the polymer can comprise from 50 to 99.