Abstract: It has been discovered that the polymerization of unsaturated compounds, such as butadiene, may be inhibited by the addition of a diene and/or alkanolamine inhibitor. The inhibitor is believed to catalytically destroy peroxides present, such as hydrogen peroxide, which may be present in trace amounts. Particularly useful inhibitors include, but are not limited to, ethylenediamine (EDA) and monoethanolamine (MEA).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for producing elastomers based on conjugated dienes or based on conjugated dienes and vinyl aromatic compounds or based on alkenes, polymerization being carried out while maintaining certain residence times of the monomers used and the elastomers obtained in the reactors while maintaining a certain temperature gradient in the first reactor. The elastomers obtained by the process according to the invention are characterized in particular by a low metal ion content, a low ash content and a high cis-1,4 compound content in the polymer. Furthermore, the process according to the present invention is particularly economical.

Abstract: The invention relates to open chain alkoxyamine compounds useful as polymerization regulators. The open chain alkoxyamine compounds are useful for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The compounds of the present invention provide polymeric resin products having low polydispersity. The polymerization process proceeds with enhanced monomer to polymer conversion efficiency. In particular, this invention relates to stable free radical-mediated polymerization processes which provide homopolymers, random copolymer, block copolymers, multiblock copolymers, graft copolymers and the like, at enhanced rates of polymerization and enhanced monomer to polymer conversions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the radical polymerization of at least one monomer in the presence of at least two stable free radicals of different natures. The use of two different stable free radicals is reflected by a higher productivity than that which would be expected on calculating the arithmetic mean of the productivities obtained with each of the stable free radicals when they are used individually.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for reducing the swelling of wood in the presence of water, comprising:

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbamate-functional acrylic polymer having an epsilon-caprolactone moiety beta to a carbamate group and a coating composition containing the acrylic polymer of the invention. The coating composition is particularly useful as a refinish coating and in refinish coating methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are cyclic phosphate esters of fumarate- or maleic acids suitable for use as a comonomer, capable of being copolymerized with a monovinylidene aromatic compounds to impart flame resistant properties to the resultant copolymers.

Abstract: Toner binder resins with low odor and excellent charging stability as toners, containing styrene-acrylic copolymers or mixtures thereof, wherein the total content of volatile components is no greater than about 1,500 ppm, the content of volatile components with benzene rings is no greater than about 1,400 ppm, and the content of volatile components with benzene rings and boiling point of below about 200° C. is no greater than about 500 ppm.

Abstract: A styrene random copolymer includes at least one unit of styrene derivative and at least one unit of macromonomer. The at least one unit of styrene derivative is polymerized from a styrene derivative monomer of formula (1). The at least one unit of macromonomer is polymerized from a macromonomer of formula (2). In formulae (1) and (2), R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and alkyl groups with 1˜20 carbon atoms, R2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of saturated hydrocarbons with 1˜20 carbon atoms, aromatic groups, and cycloalkyl groups with the proviso that R2 is not —CO— or —CH2—C6H4—, R3 is a saturated hydrocarbon group with 1˜10 carbon atoms, X is at least one ion polymerizable monomer unit. The amount of the macromonomer is 0.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a novel photochromic organic material, the use of at least one plasticizer for the preparation of said novel material, said preparation and photochromic articles constituted wholly or in part of said novel material. The intervening plasticizer, advantageously a phthalate, is according to a variant simply dispersed in the polymer matrix, or, according to another variant, chemically bound to said polymer matrix. Said novel material possesses remarkable photochromic properties together with interesting optical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: This invention discloses an emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) that can be employed in manufacturing tire tread formulations that have rolling resistance and treadwear characteristics that are similar to those made with solution SBR but with improved traction characteristics. Thus, the emulsion SBR of this invention is superior in many respects for use in tire tread compounds to conventional solution SBR and conventional emulsion SBR. This invention more specifically discloses a styrene-butadiene rubber composition which is comprised of repeat units which are derived from styrene, 1,3-butadiene, and a hydroxy alkyl acrylate monomer, wherein the styrene-butadiene rubber composition has a number average molecular weight as determined by field flow fractionation which is within the range of about 50,000 to 150,000, and wherein the styrene-butadiene rubber has a light scattering to refractive index ratio which is within the range of 1.8 to 3.9.

Abstract: A high refractive index, foldable polymer suitable for use in ophthalmic devices, such as intraocular lenses, is provided. The polymer may be produced from a polymerization reaction of first, second and third monomeric components and a crosslinking agent. The first monomeric component includes an aryl acrylate or an aryl methacrylate. The second monomeric component, which is not an acrylate, includes a monomer having an aromatic ring with a substituent having at least one site of ethylenic unsaturation. The third monomeric component includes a high water content hydrogel-forming monomer. The resulting high refractive index copolymer is durable enough to be cut and polished when dry, and becomes soft and foldable when hydrated.

Abstract: A methyl methacrylate syrup is produced by the steps of (1) preparing a starting material comprising methyl methacrylate or a monomer mixture mainly comprising methyl methacrylate, and dividing the starting material into 20 to 70% by weight of an initial charge and 30 to 80% by weight of an after-charge; (2) heating the initial charge in a reactor; (3) adding a whole protion of a chain transfer agent at the time when the initial charge reaches a reaction temperature; (4) adding the after-charge over 0.1 to 10 hours together with a polymerization initiator having a half-life of 10 to 300 seconds at the reaction temperature; (5) continuing the heating after the addition of the after-charge and the polymerization initiator is complete; and (6) adding a hindered phenol polymerization inhibitor at the time the heating is finished. The methyl methacrylate syrup thus produced is excellent in storage stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides paper coating slips comprising a low-crosslink copolymer as their binder.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a continuous process for the production of anionically-polymerized organic materials having controlled architectures. The organic materials may be made from one or more temperature-sensitive anionically-polymerizable monomers. The materials are made under plug-flow and temperature-controlled conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graft copolymer of a syndiotactic styrene/para-alkylstyrene copolymer, having the formula of wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and primary and secondary haloalkyl; X is a functional group selected from a group containing halogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and mixtures thereof; Y is an atactic polymer moiety; a ranges from 10 to 30000; b ranges from 0 to 30000; c ranges from 0 to 30000; and d ranges from 1 to 30000. The compatibility of the graft copolymer of syndiotactic styrene/para-alkylstyrene copolymer of the present invention with other polymers is improved over a syndiotactic styrene polymer. Also, the graft copolymer of the present invention can serve as a compatibilizer for a polymer blend.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer capable of forming an ultra-fine pattern with excellent rectangular shape in a silylated surface resolution process using a chemically amplified type resist composition as single layer or the most upper layer among multiple layers and to a resist composition using the polymer. The said polymer and resist composition are useful in a silylated surface resolution process, and by conducting the silylated surface resolution process using the said resist composition, contrast of silylation becomes higher and it becomes possible to obtain ultra-fine pattern regardless of the kind of exposure energy.

Abstract: The open time of a cementitious composition, such as a grout, may be increased by the incorporating therein, as a binder, a polymer composition comprising a film-forming copolymer formed by polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising 1 to 3% of at least one monomer selected from the group of monomers consisting of amides of &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated C3 to C6 carboxylic acids and at least one hydroxy-(C1 to C8)alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer, wherein the total amount of these monomers is from 2 to 7.5% by weight of said monomer mixture.

Abstract: A heat resistant resin is formed by heating an acrylic monomer composition prepared by copolymerising an acrylic monomer represented by general formula (1) with another monomer that is copolymerisable with the acrylic monomer, the acrylic monomer composition having an acid value of 5 mgKOH/g or less, where each of R1 and R2 is either a hydrogen atom or an organic residue. A 1% tetrahydrofuran solution formed by subjecting the acrylic copolymer to a heat treatment at a temperature of 250° C. for 30 minutes and thereafter dissolving the acrylic copolymer in tetrahydrofuran has a viscosity ranging from 10 cps to 10,000 cps at 25° C. The acrylic polymer does not gel in the manufacture of a heat resistant resin, and by using the acrylic polymer as a material for a heat resistant resin, the resultant heat resistant resin obtained boasts excellent transparency and mouldability, and can be moulded by melting.

Abstract: A filming solution contains a copolymerized emulsion having more than 70 wt % of butyl methacrylate and more than one species of monomer, and more than one species of additive. Preferably, the monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid derivative, methacrylic acid derivative, styrene, acrylamide, and acrylonitrile.

Abstract: A new polymerization process (atom transfer radical polymerization, or ATRP) based on a redox reaction between a transition metal (e.g., Cu(I)/Cu(II), provides “living” or controlled radical polymerization of styrene, (meth)acrylates, and other radically polymerizable monomers. Using various simple organic halides as model halogen atom transfer precursors (initiators) and transition metal complexes as a model halogen atom transfer promoters (catalysts), a “living” radical polymerization affords (co)polymers having the predetermined number average molecular weight by &Dgr;[M]/[I]0 (up to Mn>105) and a surprisingly narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn), as low as 1.15. The participation of free radical intermediates in ATRP is supported by end-group analysis and stereochemistry of the polymerization. In addition, polymers with various topologies (e.g.

Abstract: A staged method of forming vinyl (e.g.

Abstract: A process for preparing low molecular weight homomacromers and comacromers which includes (a) charging a reactor with (i) ethylenically unsaturated monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic monomers or monoalkenyl aromatic monomers and (ii) if said ethylenically unsaturated monomer is not a thermally initiating monomer, a free radical polymerizable initiator, to form a polymerizable reaction charge. The reaction charge is heated during continuous mixing in the reactor to reaction temperature in the range from about 180° C. to about 500° C. for a residence time greater than 5 minutes to form the low molecular weight homomacromers or comacromers. If the residence time is 60 minutes or less, the reaction temperature is greater than 270° C. and if the reaction charge is a mixture of acrylic monomer and monoalkenyl monomer and the residence time is 60 minutes or less then the reaction temperature is greater than 310° C.

Abstract: A rubber composition obtained by compounding (A) a rubber component comprising 15 to 55% by weight of (i) a modified styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber which is obtained by solution polymerization and has a tin atom introduced into its molecular chain, 45 to 85% by weight of (ii) at least one rubber selected from natural rubber and synthetic isoprene rubbers, and (B) a hydrazide compound.

Abstract: A process for making an allylic copolymer is disclosed. The process is a free radical copolymerization of a mono-ethylenic monomer, a multi-ethylenic monomer, and a mono-allylic monomer. The copolymer produced has a high molecular weight and a broad molecular weight distribution, and it is particularly useful as a toner resin.

Abstract: A process for making an allylic copolymer is disclosed. The process is a free radical copolymerization of a mono-ethylenic monomer, a multi-ethylenic monomer, and a mono-allylic monomer. The copolymer produced has a high molecular weight and a broad molecular weight distribution, and it is particularly useful as a toner resin.

Abstract: A process for making an allylic copolymer is disclosed. The process is a free radical copolymerization of a mono-ethylenic monomer, a multi-ethylenic monomer, and a mono-allylic monomer. The copolymer produced has a high molecular weight and a broad molecular weight distribution, and it is particularly useful as a toner resin.

Abstract: A polymeric dispersant, the dispersant being especially adapted for dispersing pigments therein and being compatible with a variety of film-forming polymers, said dispersant being the free radical addition polymerization reaction product of a mixture of monomers consisting essentially of: (a) from about 10% to about 40% by weight styrene; and (b) from about 10% to about 55% by weight of at least one alkyl methacrylate monomer having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and (c) from about 10% to about 55% by weight of at least one alkyl methacrylate monomer having greater than 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and (d) from about 5% to about 25% by weight of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and (e) from about 7% to about 25% by weight of at least one hydroxy-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer; and (f) from about 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tire with a chafer rubber composition positioned around at least a portion of the tire's bead component, where the chafer is intended for contacting a rigid rim of a wheel on which it is intended that the tire be mounted. In such assembly, the chafer becomes an interface between the tire bead portion and the rim. For this invention, the chafer is a matrix composition composed of at least one elastomer where the matrix composition contains a dispersed micro inclusion made of a particulate, high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: The objects of the present invention are: a self-light-stabilized photochromic thermoplastic or thermoreticulated polymer carrying non-cyclic tertiary amide-functionalized pendant groups; its preparation method; photochromic articles constituted, wholly or in part of such a polymer. Said polymer is obtained advantageously by radical co-polymerization of a composition containing an effective amount of at least one monomer of the formula: in which: R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group; n is 2 or 3; R2 and R3 are identical or different and represent independently a methyl or ethyl group; and are advantageously identical; said monomer providing said photostabilizing non-cyclic tertiary amine-functionalized pendant groups.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a paper surface sizing composition comprising a copolymer having: a) structural units derived from ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons; structural units derived from monomers selected from esters of ethylenically unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids, half-esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, allylethers and vinylethers and mixtures thereof; optionally c) structural units derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomers selected from monocarboxylic acids as well as salts and amides thereof, dicarboxylic acids as well as salts, amides and half-amides thereof, and cyclic anhydrides and imides of dicarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof; and optionally d) structural units derived from alkyl or amino-substituted alkyl acrylates or methacrylates with the proviso, that if no structural units c) are present, the structural units b) are derived from monomers selected from half esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gelling aqueous composition comprising block copolymers containing at least one water-soluble block and at least one block predominantly hydrophobic in nature, and forming a viscoelastic gel.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive/cohesive exhibits excellent cohesive body properties, and other desirable features, even when exposed to heat and polysiloxane based lubricants, such as in a laser printer. The formulation comprises 100 parts by weight natural rubber (e.g. electrosterically stabilized natural rubber graft and block terpolymer), and expressed as percentages by weight of the rubber the following components: about 5-35% (e.g. about 28%) acrylate monomer or monomers (such as methyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, and/or isobornyl methacrylate); about 0.5-8% acrylic acid and/or about 1-10% 4-acetoxystyrene; about 0-20% ethyl hexyl acrylate; about 1-50% (e.g.

Abstract: The process for producing bead polymers having a mean particle size of 0.5 to 50 &mgr;m and a narrow particle size distribution by polymerisation of monomers dissolved in a solvent that constitutes a precipitation agent for the polymers obtained from these monomers is characterized in that the solvent contains 5 to 3000 ppm of sulfur-free radical interceptors.

Abstract: Rubber articles are coated with a powder-free copolymer coating to provide improved mold release characteristics, improved donning characteristics, and improved tactile feel. The copolymer is formed by the polymerization of a low surface energy monomer, an alkyl acrylate, a hard monomer and a urethane oligomer. The copolymers are preferably formed by a sequential polymerization process.

Abstract: The process of curing a radical-polymerizable multicomponent mixture containing an olefinically-unsaturated compound with ambient air by adding to the mixture an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl hydrazone of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic aldehyde or ketone which forms a hydroperoxide as an initiator for curing the mixture.

Abstract: A convergent process for synthesizing dendritic polymers typically having an average of three or more generations of branching and a narrow polydispersity. Precursor segments with living ends are coupled via a coupling agent to form branched units, each unit having a single living end. Further reaction with the coupling agent results in formation of a dendritic structure. Reaction of the coupling agent is controlled, such as by slow addition to the reaction mixture over an extended time, to promote development of the dendritic structure. The coupling agent typically has at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the living ends in the reaction mixture. One of the groups is capable of reacting with a living end in an addition reaction such as a vinyl addition, ring opening, or group transfer reaction. Optionally, a monomer can be added with the coupling agent to form longer branches. The structures may be terminated with a suitable functional group or with a linear polymer chain.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising: (A) a carboxyl group containing copolymer obtained by solution polymerization of (a) a carboxyl group containing polymerizable monomer and (b) another monomer copolymerizable with the monomer (a); (B) a neutralizer; and (C) a crosslinking agent. This pressure sensitive adhesive composition is suitable for use in a wafer surface protective sheet employed for protecting a circuit pattern formed on a wafer surface from cutting debris, etc. at the time of polishing the back of the wafer. When this pressure sensitive adhesive composition is used, not only is the voltage of peel electrification extremely low at the time of stripping of the pressure sensitive adhesive sheet but also, even if the pressure sensitive adhesive remains on the wafer surface, the residual pressure sensitive adhesive can easily be removed by washing with water.

Abstract: A Process for the selective preparation acrylate- or methacrylate-homo- or acrylate- or methacrylate-co-oligomers with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) from 1000 to 20000, a polydispersity≦3 and a conversion of the monomers to polymers greater than or equal to 70%, or for the selective preparation of polyvinylacetate and its hydrolysis product polyvinylalcohol with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) from 1000 to 25000, a polydispersity≦3 and a conversion of the monomers to polymers greater than or equal to 70%, is characterized in that a mixture of the corresponding monomers is irradiated in the presence of a specific photoinitiator or photoinitiator mixture at a temperature from −20 to 70° C. in an inert solvent or inert solvent mixture, with light of a wavelength from 305 to 450 nm, wherein the contents of monomers in the reaction mixture is up to 70%.

Abstract: A method for making viscosity index improving copolymer includes polymerizing a monomer mixture including a first (meth)acrylate monomer, a second (meth)acrylate monomer and a styrenic monomer in an oil soluble diluent and in the presence of a polymerization initiator to form a polymerization intermediate and then polymerizing an additional amount of the first (meth)acrylate monomer, the second (meth)acrylate monomer or a mixture thereof in the presence of the polymerization intermediate to provide a solution of a viscosity index improving copolymer in the diluent wherein the solution includes less than or equal to 1000 parts by weight residual styrene monomer per one million parts by weight solution.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive prepared by emulsifying dispersing a monomer mixture containing at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomer mixture, of a long-chain alkyl (meth)acrylate with the alkyl having 9 to 13 carbon atoms in an aqueous surfactant solution to bring the monomer mixture to fine particles having an average diameter of not more than 2.0 &mgr;m and polymerizing the monomer mixture in the presence of a water-soluble polymerization initiator can provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive which possesses excellent moisture resistance, water resistance, weather resistance, and adhesion to a nonpolar adherend, such as a polyolefin plastic, and, at the same time, well-balanced tackiness properties.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising: (A) a carboxyl group containing copolymer obtained by solution polymerization of (a) a carboxyl group containing polymerizable monomer and (b) another monomer copolymerizable with the monomer (a); (B) a neutralizer; and (C) a crosslinking agent. This pressure sensitive adhesive composition is suitable for use in a wafer surface protective sheet employed for protecting a circuit pattern formed on a wafer surface from cutting debris, etc. at the time of polishing the back of the wafer. When this pressure sensitive adhesive composition is used, not only is the voltage of peel electrification extremely low at the time of stripping of the pressure sensitive adhesive sheet but also, even if the pressure sensitive adhesive remains on the wafer surface, the residual pressure sensitive adhesive can easily be removed by washing with water.