Interpolymerized Patents (Class 526/342)
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Patent number: 5859277Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## where R is a solid support; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl, unsubstituted alkyl, or phenyl, and where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be the same or different, for use in solid-phase synthesis.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1997Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research FoundationInventors: Howard W. Whitlock, Karin Kay Maxson
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Patent number: 5852140Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a polymer which comprises effecting bulk polymerization of a mixture of at least one monomer, a free radical polymerization initiator, and a stable free radical agent until from about 10 to about 50 weight percent of the monomer has been polymerized; optionally adding additional free radical initiator; optionally adding a colorant; dispersing with a high shear mixer the aforementioned partially polymerized mixture in water containing a stabilizing component selected from the group consisting of non-ionic and ionic water soluble polymeric stabilizers to obtain a suspension of particles with an average diameter of from about 0.1 to about 10 microns; polymerizing the resulting suspension to form said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1993Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Michael K. Georges, Raj D. Patel
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Patent number: 5834571Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1995Date of Patent: November 10, 1998Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Robert Joseph Noel Bernier, Robert Lorenz Boysen, Robert Cecil Brown, Mark Gregory Goode, John Henry Moorhouse, Robert Darrell Olson, Leonard Sebastian Scarola, Thomas Edward Spriggs, Duan-Fan Wang, Gary Harry Williams
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Patent number: 5807941Abstract: An saturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile with butadiene in the presence of a free radical initiator and an alkylthiol compound as a molecular weight modifier. A part of the molecular weight modifier is incorporated in a monomer charge before polymerization, and the remainder thereof is incorporated in a polymerization mixture during polymerization. The alkylthiol compound has 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and further has a sulfur atom directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms. The copolymer has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 150 and contains 3 to 20 weight % of a fraction having a number average molecular weight of not larger than 35,000. The copolymer is used in combination with a sulfur-containing vulcanizer.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1997Date of Patent: September 15, 1998Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suguru Tsuji, Yuichi Uchizono
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Patent number: 5739219Abstract: In a process and an apparatus for the continuous preparation of polymers from reaction components, in particular of copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile, by bulk or solution polymerization, the reaction components are passed through a recycle reactor which has at least one tube bundle reactor whose tubes are in thermal contact with a liquid heat-transfer medium and which is connected to at least one static mixing element.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1996Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolfgang Fischer, Michael Baumgartel
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Patent number: 5726268Abstract: The present invention is directed to methyl methacrylate polymer comprising methyl methacrylate units as a primary component, wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is in the range from 80,000 to 400,000, and the molecular weight between branching points calculated from the z-average molecular weight of the polymers is in the range from 30,000 to 1,000,000.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1995Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventor: Takashi Sakamoto
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Patent number: 5726265Abstract: Thermoplastics built up from N-(2-ethyl-6-methyl)phenylmaleimide and styrene, it being possible for all or some of the styrene to be replaced by at least one other monomer component.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1996Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl-Erwin Piejko, Herbert Eichenauer, Torsten Groth, Josef Kasbauer, Bernd-Michael Konig
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Patent number: 5719246Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an acrylic copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 1000-500,000, which comprises 1-90 % by weight of a structural unit represented by the following general formula ##STR1## (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group) and 99-10 % by weight of a structural unit-derived from an ethylenic unsaturated monomer, an acrylic copolymer composition and a paint containing the same.The coat obtained by applying the acrylic copolymer has excellent abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, flexibility, strength and the like.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1996Date of Patent: February 17, 1998Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Yasuyuki Taniguchi, Yuji Soejima
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Patent number: 5708132Abstract: Nitrile rubber can be synthesized by copolymerizing acrylonitrile and 1,3-butadiene in an aqueous emulsion. After these monomers have been polymerized, it is, of course, necessary to recover the polymer from the aqueous emulsion.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1996Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Donald Charles Grimm
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Patent number: 5708102Abstract: This invention relates generally to a living free radical polymerization of alkene monomers through use of persistent metal centered radicals to attain control of the propagation and termination steps in radical polymerization. This process is useful for controlling the molecular weight of homopolymers or copolymers and for forming block copolymers.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1996Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Fryd, Bradford B. Wayland, George Poszmik, Shakti L. Mukerjee
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Patent number: 5703189Abstract: An saturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile with butadiene in the presence of a free radical initiator and an alkylthiol compound as a molecular weight modifier. A part of the monomers is incorporated in a monomer charge before polymerization, and the remainder thereof is added in a polymerization mixture during polymerization. The alkylthiol compound has 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and further has a sulfur atom directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms. The copolymer has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 450 and a bound nitrile content of 10 to 60% by weight. The breadth (.DELTA.AN) of compositional distribution of the unsaturated nitrile in the copolymer is 3 to 20. The copolymer is used in combination with a sulfur-containing vulcanizer.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1997Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suguru Tsuji, Yuichi Uchizono
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Patent number: 5686545Abstract: A liquid resin having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 200,000 and a viscosity, measured at 50.degree. C., of 500 to 30,000 cps, obtained by the copolymerization of a composition containing(a) 35 to 98% by weight of a monomer of the formula,CH.sub.2 =C(R.sup.1)COOR.sup.2wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms,(b) 2 to 40% by weight of a polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid, and(c) 0 to 60% by weight of other polymerizable vinyl monomer.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1996Date of Patent: November 11, 1997Assignee: Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Miki Kawashima, Kunio Horiuchi
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Patent number: 5683819Abstract: A composite comprised of a nitrile group-containing highly saturated copolymer rubber and a fibrous material, which copolymer rubber is a product obtained by hydrogenating the conjugated diene portion of an unsaturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer. The highly saturated copolymer rubber has an alkylthio group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and having a sulfur atom which is directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms; and the copolymer rubber further has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 200 and an iodine value not larger than 80. This composite is useful for a belt.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Osamu Mori, Mitsugu Ishihara, Motofumi Oyama
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Patent number: 5670591Abstract: Living random (meth)acrylic copolymers, facilely converted into random co(meth)acrylates and block copolymers thereof, comprise the anionic copolymerizates of at least one comonomer A with at least one comonomer B selected from among the (meth)acrylates and maleimides, at least one of the comonomers A and B comprising a (meth)acrylate, in the presence of (i) at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, mono- or difunctional initiator and (ii) at least one ligand, for example a nonnitrogenous macrocyclic complexant, e.g., a crown ether, or an alkali metal alcoholate.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: September 23, 1997Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Jin-shan Wang, Philippe Bayard, Philippe Teyssie, Bruno Vuillemin, Philippe Heim
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Patent number: 5665839Abstract: Compound of the Formula 1 ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group comprising hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 haloalkyl, phenyl, and substituted phenyl;X is selected from the group comprising sulfur, sulphone, disulfide;Y is selected from oxygen, carbon, N--H, N-alkyl, N-aryl, or sulfur; andZ is any linking functionality.The compounds represent a new class of ring opening monomers.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1995Date of Patent: September 9, 1997Assignee: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationInventors: Ezio Rizzardo, Richard Alexander Evans, Graeme Moad, San Hoa Thang
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Patent number: 5629397Abstract: 2,6-dimethylphenylmaleimide is used as a comonomer for the preparation of styrene copolymers and vinyl chloride copolymers having an increased glass transition temperature and low intrinsic coloration compared with the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1996Date of Patent: May 13, 1997Assignee: DSM Chemie Linz GmbHInventors: Gerhard Steinbauer, Jan Bartus, Heinrich Horacek, Otto Vogl, Gerhard Stern
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Patent number: 5627248Abstract: A living free-radical polymerization process for preparing polymers from vinyl aromatic monomers comprising polymerizing the vinyl aromatic monomer in the presence of a difunctional nitroxyl initiator.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1995Date of Patent: May 6, 1997Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Robert A. Koster, Duane B. Priddy, Irene Li
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Patent number: 5627250Abstract: An unsaturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer having at least 0.03 mole, per 100 moles of the monomeric units constituting the molecule, of an alkylthio group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and having a sulfur atom which is directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms; said copolymer having a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 65. This copolymer is produced by copolymerizing an unsaturated nitrile and a conjugated diene in the presence of a free-radical initiator by using as a molecular weight modifier an alkylthiol compound having the above-mentioned alkylthio group. The copolymer is used as a rubber composition having incorporated therein a sulfur-containing vulcanizer.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1995Date of Patent: May 6, 1997Assignee: Nippon Zion Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suguru Tsuji, Yuichi Uchizono, Misako Asada
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Patent number: 5618901Abstract: A homogeneous, high nitrile melt processable acrylonitrile olefinically unsaturated multipolymer and a process for making the multipolymer, comprising polymerizing a mixture of acrylonitrile monomer and one or more olefinically unsaturated monomers, in which the rate of addition of the multimonomer mixture is set by the rate of polymerization so that the concentration of unreacted acrylonitrile monomers and unreacted olefinically unsaturated monomer(s) is low and the polymerization process is in a monomer starved condition.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1995Date of Patent: April 8, 1997Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Richard C. Smierciak, Eddie Wardlow, Jr., Lawrence E. Ball
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Patent number: 5602222Abstract: A process for making a thermally stable melt processable acrylonitrile/methacrylonitrile/olefinically unsaturated multipolymer, comprising polymerizing a mixture of acrylonitrile monomer, methacrylonitrile monomer, and olefinically unsaturated monomer in which the rate of addition of the multimonomer mixture is set by the rate of polymerization so that the concentration of unreacted acrylonitrile monomer, unreacted methacrylonitrile monomer and unreacted olefinically unsaturated monomer is low and the polymerization process is in a monomer starved condition.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1995Date of Patent: February 11, 1997Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Richard C. Smierciak, Eddie Wardlow, Jr., Lawrence E. Ball
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Patent number: 5599890Abstract: A polymeric binder for ceramic materials is provided. The polymeric binder has a temperature range for pyrolysis which is broader than that for polymeric binders conventionally used in ceramic materials. The broader pyrolysis range provides for gradual removal of the binder when a ceramic part containing the binder is heated. Gradual removal of the binder minimizes the formation of voids and cracking in the ceramic part. Voids or cracking can lead to defects in the part, and destruction of the part may occur during removal if a polymeric binder used in the part is rapidly decomposed into gases. Therefore the polymeric binder of the present invention provides for ceramic parts with fewer defects and less chance of destruction than occurs with polymeric binders conventionally used in ceramic parts.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1994Date of Patent: February 4, 1997Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventor: Xun Tang
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Patent number: 5596058Abstract: A process for making acrylonitrile/methacrylonitrile copolymer, comprising polymerizing a mixture of acrylonitrile monomer and methacrylonitrile monomer in which the rate of addition of the comonomers is set by the rate of polymerization so that the concentration of unreacted acrylonitrile monomer and unreacted methacrylonitrile monomer is low and the polymerization process is in a starved condition.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1995Date of Patent: January 21, 1997Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Richard C. Smierciak, Eddie Wardlow, Jr., Lawrence E. Ball
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Patent number: 5578689Abstract: Vinyl polymers, e.g., the homo- and copolyvinyl chlorides, are prepared in one or more stages, to a degree of conversion of at least 50%, by suspended emulsion polymerizing at least one vinyl monomer, e.g., vinyl chloride, said at least one monomer having dispersed therein finely divided droplets of an aqueous solution of at least one component of a polymerization initiating system, and wherein the amount of water in said aqueous solution constitutes at least 19%, and preferably at least 20% by weight of the at least one monomer.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1994Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: AtochemInventors: Pierre Nogues, Francois Erard
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Patent number: 5565537Abstract: This invention provides a maleimide-based copolymer in which, because its molecular weight-retention ratio at high temperature is high, deterioration of physical properties by heating is little. Also, this invention provides a process wherein a maleimide-based copolymer is arranged so as not to heat more than necessity and thereby a maleimide-based copolymer containing only a small amount of residual volatile components is efficiently obtained without deterioration of physical properties. The maleimide-based copolymer is such as having a glass transition temperature of 170.degree. C. or higher, a weight-average molecular weight of 100,000 to 500,000, and a molecular weight-retention ratio of 90% or more when heated at 280.degree. C. for 10 minutes.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kimio Uda, Fumioki Shimoyama, Kazumi Fujioka
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Patent number: 5561207Abstract: Living random (meth)acrylic copolymers, facilely converted into random co(meth)acrylates and block copolymers thereof, comprise the anionic copolymerizates of at least one comonomer A with at least one comonomer B selected from among the (meth)acrylates and maleimides, at least one of the comonomers A and B comprising a (meth)acrylate, in the presence of (i) at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, mono- or difunctional initiator and (ii) at least one ligand, for example a nonnitrogenous macrocyclic complexant, e.g., a crown ether, or an alkali metal alcoholate.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1995Date of Patent: October 1, 1996Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Jin-shan Wang, Philippe Bayard, Philippe Teyssie, Bruno Vuillemin, Philippe Heim
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Patent number: 5559202Abstract: The present invention provides new non-spherical microparticles. The microparticles are a hemisphere or a half elliptic sphere having a big opening at the central portion, say bowl-shape microparticles, and a water uptake of from 80 to 140 ml/100 g, which can be produced by suspension polymerization of polymerizable monomers in the presence of crosslinking agents and hydrophobic liquids in water. The microparticle of the present invention has an excellent extending ability, adhesiveness and water uptake. The new bowl-shape microparticles having the big opening at the center can be easily produced according to the present invention, and the size and shape can be easily controlled.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: September 24, 1996Assignee: Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.Inventor: Hirofumi Yoshikawa
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Patent number: 5506318Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the batch polymerization, neat, of a monomer system comprising N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer utilizing an oil soluble,-thermally activated, free radical initiator. The improvement for reducing the monomer level from about 1 to 2% by weight of the polymerization product to a level below about 0.2 and preferably below about 0.1% by weight of the polymerization reaction product comprises continuously adding an oil soluble azo type free radical generating catalyst to the polymerization reaction product and establishing and maintaining the polymerization reaction product containing residual monomer at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect substantial polymerization of the residual monomer. Typically the oil soluble, azo type free radical generating catalyst is azobis(isobutyronitrile).Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1994Date of Patent: April 9, 1996Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Sabrina Wetzel, Roland C. Thorpe, Jr., Diane M. Terry
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Patent number: 5504167Abstract: An improved process for the continuous copolymerization of ethylene with certain polar comohomers having reactive double bonds is disclosed wherein reactor fouling is significantly reduced or eliminated by use of surfactants.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1994Date of Patent: April 2, 1996Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Antonio Vidal
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Patent number: 5498658Abstract: A one-part, substantially formaldehyde-free, self-curing interpolymer comprising repeating units derived from a) about 4 to about 30 percent by weight of at least one functional monomer selected from olefinically unsaturated monomer containing a nucleophile group: b) about 4 to about 40 percent by weight of an olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; c) about 1 to about 60 percent by weight of (meth)acrylonitrile; d) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid ester of an alcohol containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and e) about 0 to about 80 percent by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, and vinyl halides, wherein at least one of monomers d) and e) are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight, for use as a fiber binder, such as for coating non-woven glass mats, or as a saturant for fiber substrates such as paper.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1994Date of Patent: March 12, 1996Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Naser Pourahmady, Gary A. Anderle, Alex S. Williamson
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Patent number: 5475073Abstract: Low-molecular-weight, hydroxy-functional acrylate resins are disclosed. The resins are copolymers derived from an allylic alcohol or a propoxylated allylic alcohol, an acrylate or methacrylate monomer, and optionally, one or more additional ethylenic monomers. The resins are uniquely prepared without a chain-transfer agent or reaction solvent, and are useful in many thermoset polymer applications, including thermoset polyesters, polyurethanes, crosslinked polymeric resins, melamines, alkyds, uralkyds, and epoxy thermosets.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1994Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventor: Shao-Hua Guo
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Patent number: 5470931Abstract: A method for producing stabilized polymers, exhibiting enhanced thermal stability, which comprises polymerizing a mixture comprising: a monomer comprising an allyl-containing group which is bonded to primary and/or secondary hydroxyl groups on a saccharide, preferably a long chain (C.sub.3 -C.sub.20) allyl-containing ether group on the hydroxyl group; and one or monomers selected from methacrylate ester monomers, acrylate ester monomers, acrylamide monomers and styrene monomers, in amounts sufficient to produce a polymer exhibiting enhanced thermal stability. Polymers having enhanced thermal stability are obtained using a monomer comprising an allyl-containing group which is bonded to primary and/or secondary hydroxyl groups on a saccharide, as a novel stabilization crosslinking agent.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1994Date of Patent: November 28, 1995Assignee: Hawaiian Sugar Planters' AssociationInventors: Navzer D. Sachinvala, Redford F. Ju, Morton H. Litt
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Patent number: 5468817Abstract: Elastomeric copolymer obtained by the polymerization of:a) a monomer selected from those having general formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR'--CO--OR, wherein R is a monofunctional radical selected from linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radicals;b) (meth)acrylonitrile;c) a third monomer selected from:c1) a chlorinated vinyl ester;c2) a mixture of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and an aliphatic or aromatic diepoxy compound;c3) a mixture consisting of a chlorinated vinyl ester and an unsaturated carboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1995Date of Patent: November 21, 1995Assignee: Enichem Elastomeri S.r.l.Inventors: Joseph Da Lio, Laura Lanzavecchia, Giuseppe Savini
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Patent number: 5464915Abstract: In a method of preparing styrene plastics, the water medium containing tricalcium phosphate is prepared in situ (0.15 to 1.5 wt. %). Then, calcium carbonate (0.07 to 0.35 wt. %) is heated and dispersed therein. Thereafter, the monomer/comonomers/prepolymer, and secondary sodium alkylsulphates (0.001 to 0.020 wt. %) are introduced into the suspension polymerization process at 15 to 47% conversion. This method permits production of styrene plastics using a common technology, while providing specified bead size distribution, low concentration of dust fractions, and enhancement of the process stability.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1993Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignees: Plastpolymer Share Holding Company, Angarsk Oil Chemical Share Holding CompanyInventors: Galina D. Ballova, Vladimir G. Rupyshev, Sergei G. Rumyantsev, Viktor V. Amosov, Igor A. Mekhed, Larisa V. Alexeeva, Viktor A. Pykhtin, Mikhail D. Rolnik, Evgenia N. Eremina, Valentina P. Shamina, Larisa F. Maladzyanova, Valentina G. Karmakova, Svetiana V. Kusheverskaya, Vera K. Abramova, Mikhail G. Rozhavsky
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Patent number: 5464916Abstract: The invention relates to pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) structured bead, which has a distinct morphology, which is comprised of a copolymer which is characterized as aa two-phase system wherein more rigid, thermoplastic segments (hydrophilic segments formed from the polymerization of water soluble monomer in the water-in-oil emulsion particles) provide discrete reinforcing micro-domains within a predominating continuous matrix formed by rubbery, viscoelastic polymer segments (formed from the polymerization of the ester and the polar monomer). The invention also relates to a method of making the beads via a polymerization of a water-in-oil emulsion in a water suspension.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1994Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Chung I. Young, Ying-Yuh Lu
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Patent number: 5455321Abstract: A process for producing a monovinylidene aromatic polymer having molecular weight (Mw) greater than 275,000 which comprises polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising a monovinylidene aromatic monomer in the presence of:A) from 10 to 2000 ppm by weight of at least one free radical generating, branching polymerization initiator; andB) from 10 to 2000 ppm of one or more organic gel reduction agent selected from the group consisting of:1) mercaptans, terpenes, halocarbons and halohydrocarbons, such agent having up to 20 carbons,2) distillate recovered from the reaction devolatilization process (recycle), and3) mixtures of 1) and 2).Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1994Date of Patent: October 3, 1995Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Clark J. Cummings, Paul E. Hathaway
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Patent number: 5453471Abstract: A process for producing polymers in a gas phase reactor by continuously introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while maintaining the temperature within the polymerization zone below the dew point temperature of at least one monomer present in said polymerization zone.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1994Date of Patent: September 26, 1995Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Robert J. N. Bernier, Robert L. Boysen, Robert C. Brown, Leonard S. Scarola, Gary H. Williams
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Patent number: 5436275Abstract: This invention offers the porous fiber in which the porous form of the fiber is with an excellent durability to heat and accordingly can afford the fiber products with a shape-retaining ability.Porous acrylonitrile fiber comprising the polymers containing not less than 95% by weight of acrylonitrile in a bonded form whereby the pores in the fiber constituting the porous structure are connected each other and are communicated with the fiber surface and, in addition, having a specific decreasing rate in the average pore diameter due to an introduction of a crosslinking structure thereinto.It is possible to offer a porous acrylonitrile fiber which has a porous structure wherein the micropores in the fiber are connected each other and are communicated with the fiber surface and also exhibits an excellent retaining ability of the shape of the fiber.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1994Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: Japan Exlan Company LimitedInventors: Shiro Kawasaki, Mamoru Ashida
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Patent number: 5430115Abstract: A maleimide copolymer which consists essentially of greater than 28% by weight and less than or equal to 65% by weight of a maleimide monomer unit, greater than or equal to 16% by weight and less than 72% by weight of at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compound monomer units and methacrylate monomer units, and 0-25% by weight of another vinyl compound monomer unit and which contains 0.1% by weight or less of the residual maleimide monomer and 0.5% by weight or less of volatile components other than the maleimide monomer and which has a ratio (Mw/Mn) of a weight average molecular weight Mw to a number average molecular weight Mn of 3 or less, a yellowness index of 30 or less and an intrinsic viscosity of from 0.3 to 1.5. The maleimide copolymer of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, transparency, chemical resistance, impact resistance, moldability and the like.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1994Date of Patent: July 4, 1995Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yutaka Toyooka, Atsushi Kimura, Yasunori Tsuneshige, Katsutoshi Kajimura
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Patent number: 5407996Abstract: A liquid absorption agent for water or organic solvents comprising, as a main component, a crosslinked N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide resin comprising the backbone chain of a homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeating units of the formula shown below crosslinked with a crosslinking agent: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or methyl;X represents a group --COOY, wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or lower alkyl substituted with hydroxyl, dialkylamino or quaternary ammonium group; a group --CONHZ, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl substituted with a dialkylamino group, quaternary ammonium group, sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof; cyano, 2-ketopyrrolidinyl, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, lower acyloxy or lower alkyl substituted with sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof, with a proviso that when R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1994Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Toshiyuki Aizawa, Hitoshi Nakamura, Yoshikazu Hosoda
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Patent number: 5401800Abstract: Substantially flat surfaced emulsion particles polymerized vinyl monomer, having a concavity in at least one of the flat surfaces, a diameter D of from 0.1 to 5.0 .mu.m, and a particle diameter thickness d ratio (d/D) of 1.2 to 5.0 prepared by the step of (1) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a first vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (a) to form vinyl polymer seed particles; and (2) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a second vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (b) in the presence of the vinyl polymer seed particles and a non-aqueous organic solvent having a surface tention to water at 20.degree. C. of 48 dyne/cm or more, in a weight ratio of monomer (a) to monomer (b) of 0.5/99.5 to 50/50; and are useful in high performance recording material, paint compositions and paper coating compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1993Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Futoshi Hoshino, Makoto Nakano, Takeshi Yanagihara
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Patent number: 5399644Abstract: A bulk or mass polymerization process is provided which involves bulk polymerization of vinyl monomers in a liquid phase in the presence of a nitrogen rich vapor phase containing amounts of sulfur dioxide effective to inhibit formation of popcorn polymer during the reaction. The process may be used as a step in the formation of polymer or may be used as the entire reaction process.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1994Date of Patent: March 21, 1995Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: John C. Wozny, Chen-Youn Sue, John E. Pace
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Patent number: 5395905Abstract: The present invention provides water-soluble poylmers containing, as polymerized units: (a) from about 3 to about 95 percent by weight of one or more cyclohexene anhydrides or the alkali metal or ammonium salts thereof. The present further provides aqueous polymerization processes for making the polymers. The water-soluble polymers are useful as water-treatment additives for boiler waters and cooling towers and as detergent additives acting as builders, anti-filming agents, dispersants, sequestering agents and encrustation inhibitors.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1993Date of Patent: March 7, 1995Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Marianne P. Creamer, Thomas F. McCallum, III, Graham Swift, Barry Weinstein
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Patent number: 5391671Abstract: A styrene copolymer which comprises a styrene repeating unit (a) represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## and an acrylonitrile repeating unit (b) represented by the general formula (II-(b)): ##STR2## unsaturated carboxylic acid or its ester repeating unit (c) represented by the general formula (II-(c)): ##STR3## or maleimide or N-substituted maleimide (d) represented by the general formula (II-(d)): ##STR4## (in the formula, symbols are the same as defined in the specification) wherein stereoregularity of the styrene repeating unit (a) chain is a high degree of syndiotactic configuration is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshinori Tazaki, Masahiko Kuramoto
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Patent number: 5385978Abstract: Crimped acrylic fibers with a small diameter, a minimum aspect ratio in the 20-50 range, and having a crimp of greater than about 10% so as to enhance the viscosity of polymers, resistance to gravity-induced slumping when applied to vertical surfaces, and mix stability, as well as provide matrix reinforcement and toughness, are adapted to act as improved physical thixotropes in adhesives, sealants, coatings, paints, grouts, building materials and the like.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1994Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Robert E. Evans, Arutun Maranci, Stanley S. Kaminski
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Patent number: 5362562Abstract: Crimped acrylic fibers with a small diameter, a minimum aspect ratio in the 20-50 range, and having a crimp of greater than about 10% so as to enhance the viscosity of polymers, resistance to gravity-induced slumping when applied to vertical surfaces, and mix stability, as well as provide matrix reinforcement and toughness, are adapted to act as improved physical thixotropes in adhesives, sealants, coatings, paints, grouts, building materials and the like.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1993Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Robert E. Evans, Arutun Maranci, Stanley S. Kaminski
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Patent number: 5326836Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a flame retardant styrenic resin which comprises:(1) an initiation step wherein 3 to 10 parts by weight of a bromostyrene compound, 10 to 25 parts by weight of styrene, 5 to 10 parts by weight of an unsaturated nitrile, 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a chain transfer agent and 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight of an initiator are introduced to a polymerization reactor and polymerized until the conversion reaches 30 to 50%;(2) a control step wherein 10 to 35 parts by weight of a bromostyrene compound, 20 to 50 parts by weight of styrene, 5 to 20 parts by weight of an unsaturated nitrile, 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight of an initiator and 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a chain transfer agent are introduced to the reactor in one or more divisions in accordance with the progress of said polymerization until the conversion reaches 80 to 90%; and(3) an optimization step wherein 3 to 10 parts by weight of styrene, 5 parts by weight or less of an unsaturated nitrile, 0.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1992Date of Patent: July 5, 1994Assignee: Lucky LimitedInventors: Yong Y. Hwang, Bong H. Park
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Patent number: 5318852Abstract: Fine particles of a crosslinked vinyl polymer having a very high compressive modulus of elasticity, i.e., above 550 kg/mm.sup.2 but not higher than 800 kg/mm.sup.2, and being able to be effectively employed as a material capable of maintaining a minute gap constant, and a process for producing the same which comprises polymerizing 100 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer mixture consisting essentially of 20 to 90 parts by weight of m-divinylbenzene, 10 to 60 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer having a nitrile group and 0 to 50 by weight of a vinyl monomer other than m-divinylbenzene and vinyl monomers having a nitrile group in the presence of 3 to 10 parts by weight of a radical polymerization initiator belonging to the organic peroxides, in an aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1992Date of Patent: June 7, 1994Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Tadashi Nishimori, Katsuhiko Rindo, Akira Yoshimatsu
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Patent number: 5306632Abstract: A porous shaped substrate such as a porous bead is formed from polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer thereof containing nitrile groups. The substrate has a hydrophilic surface containing amide groups constituting about 1.8 mole percent to less than about 15 mole percent of the total nitrile groups, and containing no amide or carboxyl groups. The substrate is substantially non-swellable in water and is able to resist pressures in a columnar bed of up to about 3000 psi without collapsing. In forming the amide groups, polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof containing nitrile groups, an alkaline catalyst such as sodium hydroxide and a nonsolvent for the substrate such as methanol are combined to form a suspension. A peroxide is added to the suspension and the suspension is heated to hydrolyze nitrile groups to amide groups. Succinylated aminoethyl groups or activated carboxyl groups can be formed on the substrate and a bioactive ligand such as p-aminobenzamidine covalently bonded to the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1993Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Larry S. Anderson, Michael T. Cooke, David A. Ley
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Patent number: 5304619Abstract: A polar group-containing ethylene polymer or copolymer having improved insulating properties, or a composition thereof is characterized in that said polar group-containing ethylene polymer or copolymer contains 20 to 8000 ppm of a polar group having a dipole moment of more than 0.8 debye. The polymer can be used in a power cable as insulation.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1991Date of Patent: April 19, 1994Assignee: Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Junichi Yokoyama, Hideo Kawabata, Masaaki Ikeda, Katsufumi Suga, Masayoshi Kariya
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Patent number: 5302681Abstract: The premature free-radical polymerization of a non-linear, readily polymerizable organic monomer under conditions where the monomer would otherwise polymerize is inhibited by incorporating within the non-linear, readily polymerizable monomer a polymerization inhibiting amount of a fullerene or a derivative thereof.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1992Date of Patent: April 12, 1994Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Robert D. McClain