Interpolymerized Patents (Class 526/342)
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Patent number: 5300606Abstract: A liquid absorption agent for water or organic solvents comprising, as a main component, a crosslinked N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide resin comprising the backbone chain of a homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeating units of the formula shown below crosslinked with a crosslinking agent: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or methyl;X represents a group --COOY, wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or lower alkyl substituted with hydroxyl, dialkylamino or quaternary ammonium group; a group --CONHZ, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl substituted with a dialkylamino group, quaternary ammonium group, sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof; cyano, 2-ketopyrrolidinyl, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, lower acyloxy or lower alkyl substituted with sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof, with a proviso that when R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 1993Date of Patent: April 5, 1994Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Toshiyuki Aizawa, Hitoshi Nakamura, Yoshikazu Hosoda
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Patent number: 5286828Abstract: A process for forming a stable and processable polymer comprised of methacrylonitrile (10 to 80 percent) and acrylonitrile (20 to 90 percent) by controlling the ratio of the monomers in the reaction mixture.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1991Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Benedict S. Curatolo, George S. Li
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Patent number: 5281631Abstract: An ion exchange resin for extracting metal ions from a liquid waste stream. An ion exchange resin is prepared by copolymerizing a vinylidene disphosphonic acid with styrene, acrylonitrile and divinylbenzene.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1991Date of Patent: January 25, 1994Assignee: Arch Development Corp.Inventors: E. Philip Horwitz, Spiro D. Alexandratos, Ralph C. Gatrone, Ronato Chiarizia
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Patent number: 5272231Abstract: A bulk or mass polymerization process is provided which involves bulk polymerization of vinyl monomers in a liquid phase in the presence of a nitrogen rich vapor phase containing amounts of nitric oxide effective to inhibit formation of popcorn polymer in the vapor head space during the reaction. The process may be used as a step in the formation of polymer or may be used as the entire reaction process.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1993Date of Patent: December 21, 1993Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Stephen M. Campbell, Chen-Youn Sue
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Patent number: 5268418Abstract: Improved polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; high potency preformed stabilizers used to make the polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; and improved polyurethane products made from the polymer/polyols compositions; characterized by a material reduction in polymer/polyol viscosity while raising the polymer solids content.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1992Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventor: Donald W. Simroth
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Patent number: 5264531Abstract: The present invention relates to an acrylonitrile copolymer comprising 70% by weight or more of an acrylonitrile monomer unit and 0.1-30% by weight of a fluoroalkyl methacrylate or fluoroalkyl acrylate monomer unit and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.8-10, as well as to an acrylonitrile type core-sheath conjugate fiber using the above copolymer as the sheath component. The copolymer according to the present invention has water repellency by itself; accordingly, the above conjugate fiber prepared therefrom also exhibits water repellency permanently.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1991Date of Patent: November 23, 1993Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yuichi Fukui, Tsuruyoshi Matsumoto, Hajime Itoh, Takeo Hamazaki, Itsumi Muraoka
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Patent number: 5262504Abstract: A styrene copolymer which comprises a styrene repeating unit (a) represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## and an acrylonitrile repeating unit (b) represented by the general formula (II-(b)): ##STR2## an unsaturated carboxylic acid or its ester repeating unit (c) represented by the general formula (II-(c)): ##STR3## or a maleimide or N-substituted maleimide (d) represented by the general formula (II-(d)): ##STR4## (in the formula, symbols are the same as defined in the specification) wherein stereoregularity of the styrene repeating unit (a) chain is a high degree of syndiotactic configuration is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1990Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshinori Tazaki, Masahiko Kuramoto
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Patent number: 5256746Abstract: Monoalkyl phosphinate and monoalkyl phosphonate derivatives of low molecular weight water soluble polymers are preferentially prepared by copolymerizing hypophosphorous acid, monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid(s) and an effective amount of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1991Date of Patent: October 26, 1993Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Robert M. Blankenship, Scott L. Egolf
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Patent number: 5254650Abstract: A process for the copolymerization of styrene or .alpha.-methylstyrene with an unsaturated acid derivative is disclosed. The process is carried out in the presence of a tetrafunctional organic peroxide and produces copolymeric products having significantly improved properties.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1992Date of Patent: October 19, 1993Assignee: Kayaku Akzo CorporationInventor: Takumi Fukumura
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Patent number: 5252690Abstract: Polymer compositions which are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions are prepared by copolymerization of an ampholytic monomer having the formula of ##STR1## where one and only one of the substituted groups R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 must be a vinyl group, the rest can be the same or different and can be hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group; R.sub.5 is a phenyl group; n is .gtoreq.1 and .ltoreq.6; and q is 0 or 1; and an olefin monomer having an ethylenic structure as well as by graft copolymerization of at least an olefin monomer having an ethylenic structure and an ampholytic monomer having the formula disclosed above onto a main polymer selected from the group consisting of polysacchardies and polyolefins. Also disclosed is a process for absorbing large quantity of aqueous electrolyte solution employing the polymer compositions.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1993Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5252692Abstract: Novel amphoteric acrylic and methacrylic copolymers are described comprising cationic units of pendant N-substituted amidine and anionic units of acrylic or methacrylic acid and/or acidic groups carried by substituents of N-acrylamide, N-methacrylamide, N-acrylamidine or N-methacrylamidine. One preferred embodiment is a copolymer in which at least some types of functional groups are organized in blocks. Particularly preferred are blocks of pendant nitrile groups. Preferred compositions have the said N-substituents of the amides and/or amidines containing polar groups other than primary amines. Particularly preferred polar groups are tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxyls and sulfonic acid. These copolymers may optionally be convalently or physically crosslinked and swellable rather than soluble in water.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1990Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Kingston Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Jan Lovy, Vladimir A. Stoy
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Patent number: 5244995Abstract: A process for preparing a particulate vinyl polymer resin and vinyl polymer resin derived therefrom wherein, comprising polymerization in the presence of a dispersant or graft dispersant having no ionic side groups, optionally containing terminal functional groups, said dispersant is derived from repeating units of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ester(s) of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid and having a molecular weight average of from about 500 to about 50,000.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1992Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: The BF Goodrich CompanyInventors: Douglas E. Skillicorn, Keith L. Gardner, Lance A. Mayer, Scott Perry
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Patent number: 5239024Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of alternating copolymers from unsaturated polar compounds and olefins in the presence of complexing agents, in which the complexing agent comprising the primarily formed copolymer/metal compound complex can be recovered in a simple manner and in reusable form.The copolymerization is carried out in the presence of salts, such as nitrates, but preferably halides, of divalent metal ions as the complexing agent in organic solvents at pressures of up to about 100 bar and at temperatures between -78.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. with the use of free-radical initiators.The reaction product is a mixture of the copolymer of a strictly alternating structure of unsaturated polar compounds and olefin, and of a copolymer which is higher in the unsaturated polar compound. The alternating copolymer can be easily separated therefrom by extraction with solvents, such as trichloromethane or acetone.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1990Date of Patent: August 24, 1993Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Claus D. Eisenbach, Ulrich Bulow, Wolfgang Lieberth, Hartmut Fischer
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Patent number: 5225506Abstract: Polymer compositions which are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions are prepared by copolymerization of an ampholytic monomer having the formula of ##STR1## where one and only one of the substituted groups R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 must be a vinyl group, the rest can be the same or different and can be hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group; R.sub.5 is a phenyl group; n is .gtoreq.1 and .ltoreq.6; and q is 0 or 1; and an olefin monomer having an ethylenic structure as well as by graft copolymerization of at least an olefin monomer having an ethylenic structure and an ampholytic monomer having the formula disclosed above onto a main polymer selected from the group consisting of polysacchardies and polyolefins. Also disclosed is a process for absorbing large quantity of aqueous electrolyte solution employing the polymer compositions.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1992Date of Patent: July 6, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5216098Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1992Date of Patent: June 1, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5196476Abstract: Improved polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; high potency preformed stabilizers used to make the polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; and improved polyurethane products made from the polymer/polyols compositions; characterized by a material reduction in polymer/polyol viscosity while raising the polymer solids content.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1990Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventor: Donald W. Simroth
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Patent number: 5187249Abstract: Photodegradable polymers comprising B-alkoxy substituted vinyl ketone functionality and thermoplastic articles formed therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1990Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Virginia A. Dais, Duane B. Priddy
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Patent number: 5171814Abstract: An .alpha.-methylstyrene high-content copolymer which is characterized by that it is a copolymer which comprises 65-90 parts by weight of .alpha.-methylstyrene with 35-10 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 0-5 parts by weight of a copolymerizable vinyl monomer or monomers and that a component having an .alpha.-methylstyrene content of 82% or higher is contained in an amount of 30 parts by weight or more. Such a copolymer may be produced by a process which comprises charging 65 parts by weight or more of .alpha.-methylstyrene and 10% by weight or less based on this .alpha.-methylstyrene of acrylonitrile and a vinyl monomer or monomers all in one portion at the initial stage, making the system fully emulsified, gradually adding 35 parts by weight or less of acrylonitrile and the vinyl monomer or monomers, and carrying out emulsion polymerization until the amount of a polymer produced has amounted to 50 parts by weight or more in such way that the ratio of the .alpha.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1992Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku KogyoInventors: Shigemi Mathumoto, Fumiya Nagoshi
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Patent number: 5145929Abstract: Pressure-activated adhesive that is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile. The copolymer has a single glass transition temperature of no higher than about -25.degree. C., a nitrile content of no greater than about 31%, preferably of from about 18% by weight to about 30% by weight, a Mooney viscosity of at least 95 (measured according to ASTM D1646-87 at 100.degree. C. for 4 minutes), preferably from about 120 to about 150. The copolymer is not cross-linked, and the amount of vinyl groups in the copolymer should not exceed 10% by weight. The adhesive can be used to form an adhesive layer of an adhesive tape.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1991Date of Patent: September 8, 1992Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: David T. Ou-Yang
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Patent number: 5135997Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the radical homo-or copolymerization of acrylonitrile with one or more copolymerizable monomers under reaction conditions such that the monomers are present predominantly in a gaseous form of an adsorbed form and polymerization of the monomers, which are presumably adsorbed, takes place in the solid phase (solvent-free polymerization) and results in pulverulent PAN-(co)polymers. The process is preferably carried out in the presence of small quantities of a mediator substance such as dimethylformamide which does not alter the pulverulent consistency of the PAN-polymers but leads considerably more rapidly and with much improved yields to freshly formed polyacrylonitrile polymers.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1990Date of Patent: August 4, 1992Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl-Heinz Feltgen, Rudiger Franck, Konrad Hable, Siegfried Korte, Manfred Heckenbach
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Patent number: 5130391Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1990Date of Patent: July 14, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsiehp
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Patent number: 5116921Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1991Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5110887Abstract: The present invention provides an article of manufacture which contains a crosslinked ampolytic copolymer that is highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1991Date of Patent: May 5, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Henry L. Hsieh, Iqbal Ahmed
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Patent number: 5106925Abstract: A process for forming a stable and processable polymer comprised of methacrylonitrile (10 to 80 percent) and acrylonitrile (20 to 90 percent) by controlling the ratio of the monomers in the reaction mixture.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Benedict S. Curatolo, George S. Li
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Patent number: 5098970Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampolytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Henry L. Hsieh, Iqbal Ahmed
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Patent number: 5083967Abstract: A doll having hair comprising synthetic fiber consisting essentially of an acrylonitrile polymer comprising 30 to 80% by weight of an acrylonitrile and 70 to 20% by weight of at least one of a vinyl chloride and a vinylidene chloride. The fiber hair of the invention have the excellent flame resistance, the natural touch, the natural and quiet luster, the excellent curl retention and the excellent bulkiness.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1990Date of Patent: January 28, 1992Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masaaki Yokoe, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Yoshihiro Mizumoto
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Patent number: 5075399Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1990Date of Patent: December 24, 1991
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Patent number: 5068299Abstract: A metal treatment solution comprising an effective amount of a soluble or dispersible compound which is a derivative of a polyphenol. Novel derivatives of polyphenol compounds useful in the treatment of the surface of metal articles is provided. Novel surface treatment solutions or dispersions, and methods for using these solutions is provided. Carbohydrate-modified polyphenol compounds are utilized in the present invention. The molecular weight of the polyphenols used in the preperation of derivatives of the present invention are in the range of about 360 to about 30,000 or greater. The resulting derivatives will typically have a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000 with molecular weight within the range of about 700 to about 70,000 being preferred.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1990Date of Patent: November 26, 1991Assignee: Henkel CorporationInventors: Andreas Lindert, John R. Pierce, David R. McCormick, William D. Zimmermann
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Patent number: 5057053Abstract: A doll having hair comprising synthetic fiber consisting essentially of an acrylonitrile polymer comprising 30 to 80% by weight of an acrylonitrile and 70 to 20% by weight of at least one of a vinyl chloride and a vinylidene chloride. The fiber hair of the invention have the excellent flame resistance, the natural touch, the natural and quiet luster, the excellent curl retention and the excellent bulkiness.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masaaki Yokoe, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Yoshihiro Mizumoto
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Patent number: 5057574Abstract: A process for producing an .alpha.-alkyl-substituted aromatic vinyl copolymer constituted of 60 to 85 parts by weight of the .alpha.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Company, Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Uchida, Yutaka Toyooka, Kazuo Kishida, Akira Nakata, Naoki Yamamoto
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Patent number: 5043404Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymeric particles which comprises mixing at least one monomer with a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking component and a chain transfer component; effecting bulk polymerization until partial polymerization results; dispersing the aforementioned partially polymerized monomer product in water containing a stabilizing component to obtain a suspension of particles in water and polymerizing the resulting suspension.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1989Date of Patent: August 27, 1991Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Hadi K. Mahabadi, Denise Wright
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Patent number: 5039770Abstract: A metal treatment solution comprising an effective amount of a soluble or dispersible compound which is a derivative of a polyphenol. A composition for treatment and after treatment of metal with polyphenol compounds is provided. The present invention includes novel derivatives of polyphenol compounds which are useful in surface treatment solutions or dispersions. A method for using these solutions or dispersions is also provided. The molecular weight of the polyphenols used to form the derivatives of the present invention are in the range of from about 360 to 30,000 or greater. The resulting derivatives of the present invention typically have a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000 with molecular weights within the range of about 700 to about 70,000 being preferred.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1987Date of Patent: August 13, 1991Assignee: Henkel CorporationInventors: Andreas Lindert, John R. Pierce, David R. McCormick, William D. Zimmermann
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Patent number: 5036149Abstract: Ethylene/acrylonitrile high pressure solvent-free polymers with reduced tackiness may be obtained by the copolymerisation of small quantities of acryloyl or methacryloyl compounds.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1989Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Obrecht, Szolt Szentivanyi, Hubert Sutter, Jens Herwig, Alois Kolwert
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Patent number: 5026803Abstract: The invention relates to crosslinked polymers based on triazines of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R denotes hydrogen, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5, andat least one vinylmonomer.The polymers are suitable as crosslinking agents for the preparation of duromers or elastomers.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1990Date of Patent: June 25, 1991Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christian Lindner, Karl-Erwin Piejko
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Patent number: 5003021Abstract: A process for producing a copolymer by continuously copolymerizing in a solution monomers comprising 40 to 95% by weight of an aromatic vinyl compound and 5 to 60% by weight of a vinyl cyanide compound, and further 0 to 30% by weight of a vinyl compound copolymerizable with the aromatic vinyl compound and vinyl cyanide compound, wherein 10 to 100 parts by weight of a solvent containing not less than 40% by weight of an alcohol is used as the polymerization solvent based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomers. According to the process, attachment of a gel-like polymer onto the polymerization vessel or device can be prevented. The copolymer is useful as a thermoplastic resin for various molded articles including electrical parts for domestic uses, automobile parts and commodity goods.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1989Date of Patent: March 26, 1991Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hideo Kasahara, Toshiharu Kawasaki, Noriaki Umeda
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Patent number: 4972037Abstract: A novel composition useful as an adhesive at room temperature (20.degree. C.) and which comprises a copolymer which has both pendant fluorochemical groups and pendant polysiloxane grafts. Also disclosed are topical applications containing the novel composition.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1989Date of Patent: November 20, 1990Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: James E. Garbe, Steven S. Kantner, Kanta Kumar, Smarajit Mitra
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Patent number: 4972032Abstract: Copolymers of .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile having improved composition of uniformity are prepared by emulsion polymerizing a first monomer stream having a weight ratio of .alpha.-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile from about 75/25 to about 85/15 and thereafter polymerizing a second monomer feed stream comprising acrylonitrile.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1989Date of Patent: November 20, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: David E. Henton, Robert P. Dion, Norman A. Lefevre
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Patent number: 4963596Abstract: A metal treatment solution comprising an effective amount of a soluble or dispersible compound which is a derivative of a polyphenol. Novel derivatives of polyphenol compounds useful in the treatment of the surface of metal articles is provided. Novel surface treatment solutions or dispersions, and methods for using these solutions is provided. Carbohydrate-modified polyphenol compounds are utilized in the present invention. The molecular weight of the polyphenols used in the preparation of derivatives of the present invention are in the range of about 360 to about 30,000 or greater. The resulting derivatives will typically have a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000 with molecular weights within the range of about 700 to about 70,000 being preferred.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1987Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: Henkel CorporationInventors: Andreas Lindert, John R. Pierce, David R. McCormick, William D. Zimmermann
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Patent number: 4962172Abstract: A water absorbent water insoluble polymeric element, such as fibre, film, coating, bonding layer or foam, is made by forming a substantially linear polymer by polymerization of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer blends comprising carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers and then reacting the carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers in the linear polymer to form internal cross links within the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1987Date of Patent: October 9, 1990Assignee: Allied Colloids Ltd.Inventors: Adrian S. Allen, David Farrar, Peter Flesher
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Patent number: 4959434Abstract: Modified impact-resistant vinylaromatic copolymers containing from 2 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated nutrile and from 0 to 30% by weight of alpha-methyl-styrene and having a gel content higher than 23%, a cracking resistance, in an olive oil/oleic acid mixture under a load of 10 MPa, higher than 100 min., and a melt index below 1.5 g/10 minutes.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1989Date of Patent: September 25, 1990Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.Inventors: Gianfranco Biglione, Savino Matarrese
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Patent number: 4957984Abstract: A process for producing a highly water adsorptive polymer, which comprises subjecting an aqueous solution of partially neutralized sodium acrylate wherein 20 to 50% or less of the carboxyl group has been neutralized to its sodium salt, the concentration of the partially neutralized sodium acrylate in the aqueous solution being 45 to 80% by weight, to solution polymerization in the presence of a crosslinking agent and optionally not exceeding 20 mol % based on the partially neutralized sodium acrylate of at least one basic vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylamide, 2-vinylpyridine, and 4-vinylpyridine with the use of a water soluble radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1989Date of Patent: September 18, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company LimitedInventors: Kiichi Itoh, Takeshi Shibano, Shuhei Yada, Shinji Tsunoi
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Patent number: 4952453Abstract: Acrylic fibers with high physical properties particularly suitable as material for cement reinforcement are provided by spinning a spinning solution of an acrylonitrile polymer at a particular linear velocity ratio of extrusion, thereby forming gel fibers; regulating the internal water content of the gel fibers, subjecting the fibers to dry-heat treatment under tension or dry-heat stretching under a particular temperature condition; and cooling the fibers under tension.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1988Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Assignee: Japan Exlan Company LimitedInventor: Akiyoshi Uchida
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Patent number: 4933399Abstract: A method of preventing polymer scales from sticking in a polymerization vessel during the polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall and other parts with which said monomer comes into contact during polymerization are previously first coated with (a) a coating solution comprising a cationic dye and the resulting coating is then coated with (b) a coating solution comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of anionic polymeric compounds, amphoteric polymeric compounds and hydroxyl group-containing organic compounds. Polymer scale formation can be effectively prevented.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1988Date of Patent: June 12, 1990Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Ichiro Kaneko, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 4920178Abstract: An .alpha.-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer obtainable by emulsion polymerization which, in combination with other polymers, particularly PVC, enables alloys of outstanding thermal stability and color stability to be produced and, in addition, has a high heat distortion temperature and shows good fogging behavior and which is obtained by radically initiated inflow copolymerization of a mixture of 30 to 32 parts by weight acrylonitrile and 68 to 70 parts by weight .alpha.-methylstyrene in the presence of an emulsifier containing carboxyl groups. The polymerization is conducted in such a way that a seed latex of the same copolymer or of an analogous copolymer is introduced before addition of the monomers is commenced, the reaction temperature is kept between 75.degree. and 82.degree. C. and the molar ratio of emulsifier to initiator is between 4 and 6.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1989Date of Patent: April 24, 1990Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl Zabrocki, Christian Lindner, Otto Koch, Hans-Eberhard Braese
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Patent number: 4916196Abstract: A process for producing a heat resistant resin composition, which comprises polymerizing by suspension polymerization a monomer mixture comprising from 30 to 80% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, from 10 to 50% by weight of an N-substituted maleimide monomer, from 10 to 40% by weight of a vinyl cyanide monomer and from 0 to 30% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith, characterized in that the polymerization reaction is initiated in the presence of a part of the monomer mixture and a part of a suspending agent in the suspension polymerization system prior to the initiation of the polymerization reaction, and then during the polymerization, the rest of the monomer mixture and the rest of the suspending agent are added to the polymerization system continuously or intermittently to complete the polymerization reaction.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1988Date of Patent: April 10, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical CompanyInventors: Yuji Aoki, Hiroaki Miyazaki
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Patent number: 4902762Abstract: A process for preparing carbon fibers of high strength which includes the steps of homopolymerizing acrylonitrile or copolymerizing acrylonitrile with other vinyl monomers in a concentrated zinc chloride aqeuous solution containing 0.01-5% by weight of hydrogen chloride to form a polymeric solution which is spinned to form precursor filaments which are carbonized to provide carbon fibers.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1987Date of Patent: February 20, 1990Assignee: Nikkiso Co., Ltd.Inventors: Koichi Imai, Misao Sumoto, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Namasa Miyahara
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Patent number: 4874829Abstract: A method of forming polymers containing .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile by polymerizing, preferably continuously, under off-azeotrope conditions to vastly improve rate without substantially changing the content of .alpha.-methylstyrene in the polymer being formed from that obtained under azeotrope conditions.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1987Date of Patent: October 17, 1989Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Chris E. Schwier, Wan C. Wu
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Patent number: 4857610Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the continuous production of polymers and copolymers of water-soluble monomers particularly arcylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, optionally with additional comonomers, by the polymerization of an aqueous monomer solution that is introduced into the trough that is formed by an endless conveyor belt. The trough-like shape of the conveyor belt changes continuously into an extended flat profile during the polymerization process; starting from the side edges and working towards the center of the trough formed by the conveyor belt, the resulting polymer gel strand is released continuously during the transition of the curved trough-like shape of the conveyor belt into the extended, flat form.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1986Date of Patent: August 15, 1989Assignee: Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbHInventors: Miroslav Chmelir, Josef Pauen
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Patent number: 4853445Abstract: In the suspension polymerization of styrene monomers in water using suitable suspension stabilizers, the only modifier needed has been found to be organotin compounds in amounts from 10 to 1000 ppm based on monomer. The product beads have a narrow bead size distribution.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1987Date of Patent: August 1, 1989Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, Inc.Inventors: Bernard H. Meyer, Joseph C. Kinslow, Paul E. Arch, D. Harper Meek
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Patent number: 4795780Abstract: Process for the preparation of thermoplastic copolymers of .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile by continuous bulk copolymerization ofA. 30 to 50 mol % of .alpha.-methylstyrene andB. 70 to 50 mol % of acrylonitrileat temperatures from 60.degree. to 120.degree. C. with average residence times of 4 to 12 hours in the presence of initiators which supply free radicals, carried out in at least two continuously operated mixed tank reactors, characterized in that 100 molar parts of a monomer mixture ofA.sub.0. 34 to 52 mol % of .alpha.-methylstyrene andB.sub.0. 66 to 48 mol % of acrylonitrileare fed continuously into the first tank reactor per unit time, and, with back-mixing, are copolymerized up to a conversion of 5 to 30 molar parts to give a copolymer of the compositionA.sub.1. 49 to 53 mol % of .alpha.-methylstyrene andB.sub.1. 51 to 47 mol % of acrylonitrile,and the mixture consisting of 70 to 95 molar parts of the monomers A and B and 5 to 30 molar parts of the copolymer of the composition A.sub.1 -B.sub.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1987Date of Patent: January 3, 1989Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Frank Wingler, Klaus Summermann, Gerd Wassmuth, Alfred Pischtschan, Joachim Doring