Abstract: This invention provides (1) a granular material of a polyimide precursor, which has excellent solubility in solvents and excellent moldability and from which a polyimide molding having excellent mechanical properties can be produced, (2) a mixture of a granular material of a polyimide precursor with a solvent, in which the polyimide precursor shows excellent storage stability and (3) a process for the production of a granular material of a polyimide precursor, in which a solvent can be easily removed. Particularly provided are a polyimide precursor granular material having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 or higher and a polyimide precursor mixture which consists of a polyimide precursor granular polyimide having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 or higher and a solvent that does not exhibit a strong-mutual interaction with the polyimide precursor, as well as a process for the production of the polyimide precursor granular material.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to polyimides having excellent thermal resistance and process for preparing the same comprising carrying out condensation of 4,4'-bis(3-aminophenoxy)biphenyl with pyromellitic dianhydride in the presence of a different diamine compound and optionally with a different tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride.In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a heat resistant resin composition consisting essentially of an aromatic polyetherimide and a defined polyimide.In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a polyimide resin composition comprised on a defined polyimide and a separate high-temperature engineering polymer.In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a resin composition comprised of a defined polyimide and an aromatic polyamideimide.

Abstract: A moldable polyimide resin composition which has melt-flowability and excellent processability in addition to essential heat-resistant of polyimide and comprises an aromatic bisimide compound and polyimide resin. A further aspect relates to a carbon fiber reinforced polyimide resin composition which has excellent mechanical strengths and comprises a carbon fiber coated with aromatic bisimide compound on the surface and the polyimide resin. A still further aspect relates to a novel bisimide compound which is very useful as the aromatic bisimide compound in the composition.

Abstract: Two monomers containing meta-biphenylenedioxy moieties were prepared. One monomer, a diamine, is used to prepare polyimide, polyamide, and epoxy polymers. The other monomer, a dianhydride, was used to prepare polyimide polymers. These polymers are used to make films, coatings, and selective membranes.

Abstract: A diamine compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein the arrows denote isomerism, R.sub.1 is a divalent aromatic group selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## R.sub.2 is a tetravalent aromatic group selected from the group consisting of ##STR3## and R.sub.4 is a monovalent aliphatic group selected from the group consisting of ethyl and isopropyl; and, a process for preparing same.

Abstract: Benzophenone iminodiimides of the formula I ##STR1## which Y denotes hydroxyl or carboxyl, R.sub.1 denotes the optionally substituted radicals alkylene, phenylene or benzylidene, R.sub.2 denotes the radicals OH, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or NH--CO--NHR.sub.3 and R.sub.3 denotes the radicals H, alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, processes for their preparation and polymers prepared therefrom.

Abstract: Provided is a new process useful for preparing arylsulfonyl halides, which comprises the addition or drowning of halosulfonation reaction products, produced by the reaction of aromatic compounds (arenes), with excess halosulfonic acid, into C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 aliphatic ketones, preferably acetone, isopropyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof, instead of drowning into water as is known in the art of aromatic sulfonyl chloride preparation. Less heat of reaction is observed, thus making the drowning of the halosulfonation reaction mixture safer and more controllable. Further, less hydrogen chloride gas is evolved from the drowning mixture and generally more highly pure arylsulfonyl chlorides are produced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a unique and novel way of producing polyhydroxystyrene which comprises the steps of (a) heating 4-hydroxyacetophenone under suitable hydrogenation conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable palladium catalyst and for a sufficient period of time to form 4-hydroxyphenylmethylcarbinol; (b) heating 4-hydroxyphenylmethylcarbinol under suitable conditions of temperature and pressure and for a sufficient period of time to form said polyhydroxystyrene.

Abstract: A polyimide optical material, composed of a perfluorinated polyimide having a perfluorinated repeating unit represented by general formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a tetravalent perfluorinated organic group; and R.sub.2 is a divalent perfluorinated organic group.

Abstract: Polyimide optical waveguide structures comprising a core within a cladding wherein at least one of the core and the cladding is a polyimide containing 6FDA, BTDA, an aromatic diamine having bulky methyl groups ortho to the amine, and a co-diamine wherein the polyimides have the properties of low optical loss, low optical absorbance, controllable refractive index, and high thermal stability, and wherein the polyimides are photosensitive and solvent resistant.

Abstract: Polyimides are made from the novel diamines 1,2-bis(3-aminophenyl)perfluorocyclobutane, 1,2-bis(3- or 4-aminophenyl)perfluorocyclobutene, -cyclopentene and -cyclohexene, by reaction with aromatic carboxylic anhydrides. The polyimides are useful for coatings and films.

Abstract: Soluble polyimides are formed from oxydiphthalic anhydride and 2,4-diaminotoluene. Optionally, up to 30 mole % of an alternate diamine and up to 50 mole % of an alternate dianhydride can be used with the oxydiphthalic anhydride and 2,4-diaminotoluene.

Abstract: In order to produce a polymer electrolyte membrane from sulfonated, aromatic polyether ketone, an aromatic polyether ketone of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which Ar is a phenylene ring having p- and/or m-bonds,Ar' is a phenylene, naphthylene, biphenylene, anthrylene or another divalent aromatic unit,X, N and M, independently of one another are 0 or 1,Y is 0, 1, 2 or 3,P is 1, 2, 3 or 4,is sulfonated and the sulfonic acid is isolated. At least 5% of the sulfonic groups in the sulfonic acid are converted into sulfonyl chloride groups, and these are reacted with an amine containing at least one crosslinkable substituent or a further functional group, and unreacted sulfonyl chloride groups are subsequently hydrolyzed. The resultant aromatic sulfonamide is isolated and dissolved in an organic solvent, the solution is converted into a film, and the crosslinkable substituents in the film are then crosslinked.In specific cases, the crosslinkable substituents can be omitted.

Abstract: Novel aromatic poly(ether ketones) having imide, amide, ester, azo, quinoxaline, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, or benzothiazole groups, comprising, for example, a repeat unit ##STR1## are prepared by Friedel Crafts polymerization.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel poly(imide-ethers) containing ortho substitution in the main chain of the polymer. These polymers are made from novel aromatic bis-carboxylic anhydrides which contain two ether groups attached to an aromatic ring in ortho positions to each other. The polymers are particularly useful for films, fibers and encapsulation, as well as thermoplastics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal aligning film having a reduced after image and a good liquid crystal aligning property caused by a rubbing treatment of a thin film consisting of organics, and its liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide new diamino compounds useful for raw materials for production of liquid crystal aligning films that have excellent aligning properties and uniform and high pretilt angles over the whole display surface of wide substrates without afterimage phenomenons.

Abstract: A series of polyimides based on the dianhydride of 1,4-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)benzene (HQDEA) or on 2,2-bis[4(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane (3-BDAF) are evolved from high molecular weight polyamic acid solutions yielding flexible free-standing films and coatings in the fully imidized form which have a dielectric constant in the range of 2.5 to 3.1 at 10 GHz.

Abstract: Mixtures of salts of organic carboxylic acids and organic compounds of non-salt character, dissolved in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, can be concentrated or separated with a semipermeable membrane made from a copolyamide or copolyimide-amide which contains (a) a first aromatic diamine radical and (b) a second aromatic diamine radical which carries --SO.sub.3 M groups, where M is H.sup..sym., a monovalent to polyvalent metal cation or an ammonium cation. Provided the first diamine radical contains C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups in the o-positions to the amino groups, the copolymers are radiation-sensitive and can be used for producing protective layers or relief images, development being carded out in an aqueous alkaline medium.

Abstract: A polyimide copolymer derived from 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride, oxydiphthalic dianhydride, m-phenylene diamine and 4,4'-oxydianiline, for use as a high-temperature resistant lift-off layer in the fabrication of integrated circuit substrates.

Abstract: Poly(arylene ether)ketones, polyamides, and poly(benzoxazoles) that contain thiophene rings within the aromatic polymer backbone are disclosed, along with fibers, films, and other articles of manufacture formed therefrom.

Abstract: The method of this invention prepares copolymeric polycarbonates which have excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance and transparency, and which also have improved chemical resistance, hue, and residence stability by inducing the melt polycondensation of an aromatic dihydroxy compound containing an amount of 2-90 mol % of hydroquinone and/or substituted hydroquinones with a diester carbonate in the presence of a catalyst containing alkali metal compounds and/or alkaline earth metal compounds in an amount of 1.times.10.sup.-8 to 5.times.10.sup.-6 mole per mole of the total amount of the aromatic dihydroxy compound.

Abstract: Novel difucntionalized cyclobutabenzene monomers of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z can be hydrogens or a cyclobutane ring; and X and Y are carboxyl, amino, alcohol, isocyanate, acid halide, or bis-acyl fluoride groups. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cyclobutabenzene derivative is 1,2-dihydrocyclobutabenzene-3,6-carboxylic acid. The difunctionalized cyclobutabenzene monomer can form part of a polymer backbone chain, but has an additional functionality, the butane ring, which can be easily opened to produce strong, covalent bond crosslinking between polymer chains. The crosslinking can be induced simply by heating the polymer to a temperature in excess of 300.degree. C.

Abstract: An electroluminescent polymer comprises a main chain and a plurality of side chains, each of the side chains comprising an electroluminescent group and a flexible spacer connecting the electroluminescent group to the main chain, the spacers and the main chain being such that the electroluminescent groups are not conjugated with one another. The nature of the main chain and the spacer groups can be varied to enhance solubility, film-forming ability and other characteristics of the polymer, without significantly changing the electroluminescent properties of the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide new diamino compounds useful for raw materials for production of liquid crystal aligning films that have excellent aligning properties and uniform and high pretilt angles over the whole display surface of wide substrates without afterimage phenomenons.

Abstract: Polyimide oligomers are described which comprise the intercondensation product of a monomer mixture comprising (A) at least one aromatic bis(ether anhydride), (B) at least one phenylindane diamine, and (C) at least one end-cap monomer selected from the group consisting of monoanhydrides, acyl halides and amines, wherein each end-cap monomer (C) contains at least one crosslinkable group in the molecule and wherein the phenylindane diamine component (B) is present in the mixture in a stoichiometric excess. The monomers react in a suitable solvent under an inert atmosphere to form polyimide oligomers having a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 15,000. The polyimide oligomers of the present invention are readily processed to form polyimide matrix resins with high temperature and oxidative stability.

Abstract: Novel molecular weight controlled and endcapped polybenzimidazoles (PBI) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole) monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The PBI are endcapped with mono(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazoles. The polymerizations are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone or N,N-dimethylacetamide using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. Mono(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazoles are synthesized by reacting phenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate with aromatic (o-diamine)s in diphenylsulfone. Molecular weight controlled and endcapped PBI of new chemical structures are prepared that exhibit a favorable combination of physical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: Four phenylethynyl amine compounds--3 and 4-aminophenoxy-4'-phenylethynylbenzophenone, and 3 and 4-amino-4'-phenylethynylbenzophenone--were readily prepared and were used to endcap imide oligomers. Phenylethynyl-terminated amide acid oligomers and phenylethynyl-terminated imide oligomers with various molecular weights and compositions were prepared and characterized. These oligomers were cured at 300.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. to provide crosslinked polyimides with excellent solvent resistance, high strength and modulus and good high temperature properties. Adhesive panels, composites, films and moldings from these phenylethynyl terminated imide oligomers gave excellent mechanical performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polycarbonates by the two-phase interfacial method in which deviations between measured and estimated variables are continuously minimized by means of a suitably selected observer or filter system on the basis of a process model with an empirical Mark-Houwink relation adapted to the process. The variables estimated by the observer/filter are converted into control variables which are used to set input streams of the production process. Product quality is kept constant, changes in load or set values are quickly intercepted and even disturbances not readily accessible to measurement are taken into account by the process control.

Abstract: Novel poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole)s (PNABIs) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of novel di(hydroxyphenyl-N-arylene benzimidazole) monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The polymerizations are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone or N,N-dimethylacetamide using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. The di(hydroxyphenyl-N-arylenebenzimidazole) monomers are synthesized by reacting phenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate with bis(2-aminoanilino)arylenes in diphenylsulfone. Moderate molecular weight PNABIs of new chemical structures were prepared that exhibit a favorable combination of physical and mechanical properties. The use of the novel di(hydroxyphenyl-N-arylenebenzimidazole)s permits a more economical and easier way to prepare PNABIs than previous routes.

Abstract: Poly(arylene ether) sulfones that contain thiophene rings within the aromatic polymer backbone are disclosed, along with fibers, films, and other articles of manufacture formed therefrom.

Abstract: This invention concerns positive-working photodefinable polyimide precursors which make use of chemical amplification based on photoacid catalyzed cleavage of acid labile-poly(amic acetal esters).

Abstract: The invention relates generally to polymers exhibiting second order nonlinear optical properties, and characterized by high thermal stability. Disclosed are polymers prepared by a polycondensation reaction between an aromatic dianhydride and a compound selected from the group consisting of a di(alkylamino)amine and an aromatic diamine. Most preferred are polymers that are the products of a polycondensation reaction between 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and nitro(N,N-diethylamino)stilbene, wherein the polymer is imidized by further heat treatment.

Abstract: The invention describes new biphenyl dianhydrides, and new polyimides and copolyimides made from the dianhydrides. The synthesized polyimides exhibit significantly enhanced solubility when the biphenyl dianhydrides are substituted, particularly at the 2 and 2' positions on the phenyl rings.

Abstract: Thermoplastic poly(imide-esters) and poly(imide-amides) with repeat units derived from the title amino acid. In the polymer the amino group becomes part of an imide group and the carboxyl group becomes part of an ester or amide group. The polymers have a good balance of properties, making them useful for melt forming shaped articles, films and fibers.

Abstract: Polyarylene ethers that contain xanthone units and have a very high heat resistance can be prepared from inexpensive, readily accessible monomers by polycondensation in a basic medium under essentially anhydrous conditions in the presence or absence of an aromatic solvent at temperatures of from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C. Xanthone monomers and also hydroxyhalogen-substituted benzophenone compounds may be used as starting materials.

Abstract: A random polyimide copolymer, based on a rigid dianhydride, a rigid diamine and an additional diamine and/or dianhydride containing one or more flexibilizing linkages. Soft-baked coatings of the poly(amic acid) precursor are readily processed using conventional aqueous base developers, such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The polyimide and soft-baked coatings are useful as a dielectric layer In multichip module applications or as a stress buffer coating.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polycarbonate with improved heat resistance comprising melt polycondensing an aromatic diol compound and a carbonic acid diester compound in the presence of an interesterification catalyst and in the co-presence of an organosilicon compound.

Abstract: Polyetherimides, polyesterimides, poly(ester etherimides) and poly(carbonate imides) which are thermoplastic, polymeric materials contain divalent bisimides of formula ##STR1## wherein R is independently in each occurrence hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 20 carbons, aryl or aralkyl of from 1 to 20 carbons, halogen or NO.sub.2. Novel monomeric bisimides corresponding to the above formula are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed flame-retardant, high temperature resistant polyimide fibers of the general formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer larger than 1, A is a tetravalent aromatic group and R is at least one divalent aromatic group. These polyimide fibers have been heat-treated in the unstretched state and have a maximum shrinkage of 14% when heated to a temperature of 400.degree. C. These polyimide fibers are produced by initially spinning crude fibers from a solution of the appropriate polyimide in an aprotic organic solvent, preferably according to the dry-spinning method, which solution optionally contains additives. The crude fibers obtained are washed with water to remove the solvent. The washed crude fibers are dried to a moisture content of less than 5% by mass, are subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of between 315.degree. C and 450.degree. C, are cooled and, if desired, are crimped and cut to staple fibers.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polycarbonate by reacting an aromatic dihydroxy compound, an alkali or alkaline earth metal base and a carbonyl halide compound comprises feeding a polymerization catalyst as the carbonyl halide is fed to a mixture of the aromatic dihydroxy compound, the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, water and an organic solvent. The molecular weight of the aromatic polycarbonate can be properly controlled, the rate of end capping is high, and coloration of the aromatic polycarbonate is less. Such aromatic polycarbonate can be produced while suppressing hydrolysis of the carbonyl halide compound and/or haloformate compound.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to polyimides having excellent thermal resistance and process for preparing the same comprising carrying out condensation of 4,4'-bis(3-aminophenoxy)biphenyl with pyromellitic dianhydride in the presence of a different diamine compound and optionally with a different tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride.In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a heat resistant resin composition consisting essentially of an aromatic polyetherimide and a defined polyimide.In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a polyimide resin composition comprised on a defined polyimide and a separate high-temperature engineering polymer.In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a resin composition comprised of a defined polyimide and an aromatic polyamideimide.

Abstract: Diarylacetylenes and diarylenamines are synthesized from a Schiff's base and an N-arylmethylheterocycle; these compounds are useful as intermediates for a variety of polymers; in particular an efficient process is provided for producing diaryl acetylenes useful in the efficient production of acetylene group-containing polymers which can be cross-linked to produce high strength polymers free of structural defects such as conventionally arise as a result of liberation of volatiles during the cross-linking.

Abstract: Polyimides can be obtained by reacting a dianhydride component comprising 3,4,3',4'-bisphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, oxydiphthalic dianhydride and in addition further aromatic dianhydrides, and a diamine component comprising diamines of the formula ##STR1## and in addition further aromatic diamines.

Abstract: Polyimide filaments and polyimide films having great strength, high elastic modulus and high crystallinity and comprising a novel polyimide which can be melt-processed without impairing high crystallinity and which essentially consists of recurring structural units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## more than 85 mol % the polyimide consists of recurring structural units of the formula (II): ##STR2## and from 0.5 to 15 mol % of the polyimide consists of recurring structural units represented by the formula (III), the formula (II) exclusive, the formula (IV) and/or the formula (V).

Abstract: Polyether ketones and polyether sulfones based on phenylindane and the use thereof for optical systemsPolymeric ethers containing phenylindane units, of the formula ##STR1## in which X=CO or SO.sub.2,Y=a divalent heteroarylene radical or an arylene radical or a divalent group of two aryl radicals which are bonded to one another via a bridge,R.sup.1 =CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.2 =R.sup.3 =H, orR.sup.2 =CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.1 =R.sup.3 =(C.sub.1 to C.sub.16)-alkyl or aryl, orR.sup.1 =CH.sub.3 ; R.sub.3 =H; R.sup.2 =(C.sub.1 to C.sub.16)-alkyl or aryl,are transparent and are suitable for optical systems.

Abstract: Amorphous polyimide powder which has recurring structural units of the formula (I): ##STR1## as a fundamental skeleton, is blocked at the polymer chain end with dicarboxylic anhydride represented by the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein Z is a divalent radical having from 6 to 27 carbon atoms and selected from the group consisting of a monoaromatic radical, condensed polyaromatic radical and noncondensed aromatic radical connected to each other with a direct bond or a bridge member, and essentially has no reactive radical at the polymer chain end, preparation process of the amorphous polyimide powder, heat-resistant adhesive comprising the polyimide, and bonding method using the adhesive.

Abstract: The synthesis of a nonlinear chromophoric co-monomer 3,5-diamino-4'-nitrodiphenylamine and use as a reactive component in combination with a bismaleimide monomer in a NLO-active polyimide matrix is disclosed. After concurrent corona or contact poling and thermal polymerization, thin films of these chromophoric polyimides exhibit high second harmonic generation efficiencies and high DSC-determined glass transition temperatures. These poled polyimides also exhibit excellent SHG temporal stability, retaining 85-90% of the initial second harmonic efficiency after more than one month in air at 85.degree. C.

Abstract: Macrocyclic polyetherimide oligomer compositions are prepared by a displacement reaction at a temperature in the range of about 200.degree.-225.degree. C. between at least one fluorinated aromatic phthalimide and at least one phenolic trialkylsilyl ether compound. Preferably, a bis-fluoroimide and a bis-trialkylsilyl ether of a dihydroxyaromatic compound such as resorcinol are employed. The reaction is conducted by maintaining reagents A and B in high dilution in a dipolar aprotic organic liquid such as N-methylpyrrolidone, and in the presence of a catalytic amount of at least one substantially soluble fluoride. Preferably, a mixture of reagents A and B is added to solvent containing the catalyst.

Abstract: Sizing for carbon fibers with uncapped or capped linear polyamideimides.The uncapped linear polyamideimides useful as carbon fiber sizings generally contain repeating units having the general formula: ##STR1## Wherein R.sub.2 =a trivalent organic radical and generally benzenetriyl;R.sub.3 =a divalent organic radical; andn=an integer sufficiently large to provide a strong, tough coating.Useful capped, linear polyamideimide oligomers may be formed by including end caps with an unsaturated functionality (Y) containing a residue selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 =lower alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, halogen, or mixtures thereof;j=0, 1 or 2;i=1 or 2;G=--CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --CO--, --CHR--, or --CR.sub.2 --;T=methallyl or allyl;Me=methyl; andR=hydrogen, lower alkyl, or phenyl.Prepregs and composites having carbon fibers sized with such polyamideimides are also described.