Abstract: Rosin modified phenolic resins are prepared by reacting together resin acid, fatty acid, tri- or higher-functional phenolic compound and aldehyde. The fatty acid may be Monomer (derived from the fatty acid dimerization process). The reaction mixture may optionally include a,l3-olefinically unsaturated carbonyl compounds and/or polyol. The resin may be dissolved in a solvent to form a varnish. The resin may be used as a component of printing inks, e.g., inks for lithographic or gravure printing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a UV curable coating composition, which includes one or more monomers, one or more multifunctional oligomers, one or more pigments, one or more photoinitiators, and volatile organic solvent. The coating composition can be used as a primer in repairing and refinishing automobiles. The coating composition provides short drying times and a cured coating that does not need to be wiped. A method of applying the coating composition is also provided.

Abstract: Rosin modified phenolic resins are prepared by reacting together rosin, fatty acid, phenol and aldehyde. The fatty acid may be Monomer (derived from the fatty acid dimerization process). The reaction mixture may optionally include ?,?-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid(s) or anhydride(s), and polyol(s). The resin may be dissolved in a solvent to form a varnish. The resin may be used as a component of inks for lithographic or gravure printing.

Abstract: A silane-modified phenolic resin is prepared by reacting a phenolic compound (e.g., resorcinol) with an aldehyde to produce a phenolic novolak resin. The phenolic novolak resin is further reacted with at least one silane compound to produce the silane-modified phenolic resin. The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of an acid or base catalyst. The resulting resin has a lower softening point and can be used as a methylene acceptor compound in a vulcanizable rubber composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel novolac resins obtained by coupling at least one aromatic compound (A) comprising at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one aldehyde (B) in the presence of an acid catalyst and in the presence of water and/or an organic solvent, followed by a step of alkylating the coupling resin thus obtained with at least one unconjugated diene (C), preferably containing no indene. These novolac resins are advantageously used in vulcanized and crosslinked elastomeric compositions since their viscosity, which is lower than that of the resins of the prior art, allows them to be handled easily. They are also used as adhesion promoters for improving the adhesion of rubber to reinforcing materials such as organic fibres made in particular of rayon, polyesters, polyamides or aramids, and metal cords made of steel, in particular brass steel or galvanized steel.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprises a poly(arylene ether), an acryloyl monomer, an allylic monomer, and an abrasive filler. The composition tolerates high filler contents, cures rapidly, and exhibits excellent toughness after curing. Useful articles prepared from the composition include grinding wheels and cut-off wheels having good wear characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aromatic oligomer represented by the following formula (1): (A—F)n—A   (1) wherein A is a unit comprising (a) 30-90 wt % of a bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic compound and (b) 10-70 wt % of a phenol, F is methylene or a mixture of methylene and —CH2OCH2— and n is a number of 1-100. The aromatic oligomer is obtained by and reaction of a polycyclic aromatic compound such as naphthalene and benzothiophene, a phenol and formaldehyde compound in the presence of an acid catalyst. The aromatic oligomer is odorless and useful for various applications. In particular, when incorporated in rubber or resin, the aromatic oligomer can perform execellently as a tackifier in a wide temperature range or perform excellently as a vibration damping agent.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprises a poly(arylene ether), an acryloyl monomer, an allylic monomer, and an abrasive filler. The composition tolerates high filler contents, cures rapidly, and exhibits excellent toughness after curing. Useful articles prepared from the composition include grinding wheels and cut-off wheels having good wear characteristics.

Abstract: A polymer in the form of a novolac resin is provided wherein the novolac resin has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-30,000, some of the hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups are replaced by 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl ester groups, and some of the hydrogen atoms of the remaining hydroxyl groups are replaced by substituted acetal groups and/or crosslinked within a molecule or between molecules with crosslinking groups having C—O—C linkages. The polymer is formulated into a positive resist composition having improved uniformity, sensitivity, resolution and pattern profile as well as improved heat resistance, film retention, substrate adhesion and storage stability.

Abstract: A polymer in the form of a novolac resin is provided wherein the novolac resin has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-30,000, some of the hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups are replaced by 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl ester groups, and some of the hydrogen atoms of the remaining hydroxyl groups are replaced by substituted acetal groups and/or crosslinked within a molecule or between molecules with crosslinking groups having C—O—C linkages. The polymer is formulated into a positive resist composition having improved uniformity, sensitivity, resolution and pattern profile as well as improved heat resistance, film retention, substrate adhesion and storage stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resol phenolic thermosetting resin made by preparing a composition of formaldehyde and a phenol in a molar ratio of about 1:1 to about 3:1, about 1 to about 20 wt %, based on the weight of said composition, of a phenol-formaldehyde polymerization catalyst, and about 0.5 to about 10 wt %, based on the weight of said phenol, of a polyvinyl alcoholic compound. The phenol can be benzophenol, an alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 phenol, a bisphenol, or a mixture thereof. The bisphenol can be bisphenol A, bisphenol F, or bisphenol S. The polyvinyl alcoholic compound can be polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, an acetal derived from polyvinyl alcohol, or a mixture thereof. The composition is heated at about 50 to about 120.degree. C. to form the resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to binder compositions containingA) 40 to 95 parts by weight of OH-functional graft copolymer resins prepared by copolymerizinga) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of polybutadienes containing at least 20% of 1,2-vinyl groups,b) 5 to 30 parts by weight of aliphatic .alpha.-olefins,c) 0.1 to 35 parts by weight of glycidyl esters of .alpha.-alkylalkane-monocarboxylic acids,d) 10 to 70 parts by weight of unsaturated, aromatic monomers,e) 5 to 60 parts by weight of hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid having primary hydroxyl groups,f) 0 to 50 parts by weight of (cyclo)aliphatic esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid,g) 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of .alpha.,.beta.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phenol resin composition containing a specific triazines-modified novolak phenol resin comprising phenols, triazines and aldehydes, and a method for producing the triazines-modified novolak phenol resin comprising the steps of as a first step reaction, successively effecting processes (i), (ii) and (iii), wherein said process (i) is a process for adjusting a pH of a system of a mixture of phenols, triazines and aldehydes in a range of 5 to 10, said process (ii) is a process for reacting said mixture under the condition that the aldehydes are not volatilized and said process (iii) is a process for removing a reaction water in the system; then as a second step reaction, successively effecting said processes (ii) and (iii) at a higher temperature than that of the first step reaction; thereafter as a third step reaction, successively effecting said processes (ii) and (iii) at a higher temperature than that of the second step reaction; and further, depending upon a necessity, repeating the second st

Abstract: Epoxy-containing compounds which are essentially free of organic halides are prepared by (I) reacting an allyl derivative of an active hydrogen-containing compound with (II) a peroxygen-containing compound. The epoxy-containing compounds are useful in coatings, castings, laminates etc.

Abstract: Urethane-modified novolaks which are prepared by simultaneous reaction of a monohydric or polyhydric phenol (A) with an oxo compound (aldehyde or ketone) (B) and a urethane (C) in the presence of an acidic catalyst (D) at an elevated temperature of 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. and contain no interfering amounts of free starting phenol, and their use as adhesion improvers in rubbers, in particular rubbers containing reinforcing media such as steel cord or textile fibers.

Abstract: Phenolic-resin-modified cyclopentadiene resins, process for the preparation thereof and use thereof.Phenolic-resin-modified cyclopentadiene resins which can be used as binder in printing inks can be advantageously directly prepared froma) from 20 to 80% by weight of cyclopentadiene compounds,b) from 1 to 40% by weight of natural resin acids,c) from 1 to 60% by weight of phenols andd) from 1 to 20% by weight of aldehydes in the presence ofe) from 0.01 to 1% by weight of basic alkali metal compounds.The catalysis by basic alkali metal compounds makes possible the quantitative reaction of c) and d) in the reaction mixture of a) and b).

Abstract: Phenolic-resin-modified cyclopentadiene resins, process for the preparation thereof and use thereofPhenolic-resin-modified cyclopentadiene resins which can be used as binder in printing inks can be advantageously directly prepared froma) from 20 to 80% by weight of cyclopentadiene compounds,b) from 1 to 40% by weight of natural resin acids,c) from 1 to 60% by weight of phenols andd) from 1 to 20% by weight of aldehydes in the presence ofe) from 0.01 to 1% by weight of basic alkali metal compounds.The catalysis by basic alkali metal compounds makes possible the quantitative reaction of c) and d) in the reaction mixture of a) and b).

Abstract: A phenolic resin can be obtained by a condensation reaction between a specific trifunctional aromatic compound and a phenolic compound. This resin can be reacted with a curing agent such as a hexamine to give cured articles having excellent heat resistance, electrical properties, wear resistance and chemical resistance, and the phenolic resin is also much more excellent in curing reactivity as compared with conventional techniques.

Abstract: A method of producing a multiphase polymer is disclosed whereby the phases have the same chemical structure but have different morphological states and thus different properties. This is achieved by forming a mixture of precursors of the polymer, at least one of the precursors having a reaction rate higher than the other precursor or precursors in the mixture. The precursor having the highest reaction rate is then converted to obtain a composite of a polymer and the precursors that are not polymerized. This mixture might also be formed by mixing a soluble polymer with its precursor.

Abstract: A polyester for electrophotography derived from(a) at least one component selected from tri- or tetra-basic acid components and tri- or tetra-hydric alcohols;(b) at least one component selected from dibasic carboxylic acids and lower alkyl esters thereof; and(c) at least one component selected from aromatic diols and alicyclic diolswherein the proportion of x (mole %) of component (a) to the whole acid components and the proportion y (mole %) of component (c) to the whole acid components satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2):y<(133m+51.5n) log x+(60m+25.43n) (1)y>(253m+170n) log x-(176m+162n) (2)wherein 0<y<100, 0.5<x<50 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.100, 0.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.50, m is a proportion of the tetrabasic acid or alcohol in component (a) (mole %), n is a proportion of the tribasic acid or alcohol in component (a) (mole %), and m+n=1. The polyester possesses a good resistance to off-setting and good grinding characteristics.

Abstract: A composition comprising a 1,2-dialkylidenecyclobutane such as 1,2-dimethylenecyclobutane, a diallyl compound and a polyimide such as a bismaleimide can be thermally cured to a tough copolymer having a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: By-products from the chlorination of butadiene may be reacted with phenols in the presence of iron catalysts to form Novolak type phenol resins.

Abstract: A class of di-ortho-substituted bismaleimides undergo uncatalyzed Michael addition with polyhydric phenols to afford chain-extended bismaleimides having a significantly wider processing window than the non-extended parent. The fully cured resins show improved fracture toughness, generally have comparable or superior dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and show no degradation in other properties such as resistance to moisture, to methylene chloride, and coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: Preparation of conductive polymers, particularly polyanilines having good solubility in organic solvents and high electrical conductivity, by providing a mixture of aniline, dianiline and a flexible diamine such as 1,3-bis (3-aminophenoxy)benzene or triethylene tetramine. The mixture is reacted in the presence of an oxidant such as ammonium persulfate and a protonic (Bronsted) acid, e.g. tosic acid, to polymerize the mixture and form a conductive polyaniline in which the conjugation is interrupted by an intermediate diamine group, and which renders the resulting polymer more flexible than polyaniline per se. The conductive polymer so produced also has terminal primary amino groups which aid solubility and which are further reactive. The conductive polyaniline product of the invention can be blended with non-conductive resins such as polyimides to provide cured conductive resin blends having good mechanical properties.

Abstract: The preparation of novolaks from phenols or mixtures of different phenols, and oxo compounds or mixtures of oxo compounds by condensation of the reactants in a medium having a low water content in homogeneous phase at temperature of .gtoreq.110.degree. C., preferably between 115.degree. and 200.degree. C. and preferably at normal pressure, in the presence of water-immiscible and/or only partially water-miscible inert organic solvents and of acids as catalysts with removal of water by distillation, the medium having a low water content being prepared or maintained by distilling off water from the reaction mixture, preferably by azeotropic distillation. Particular advantages are obtained when readily volatile oxo compounds, in particular aqueous formaldehyde solutions, are used.

Abstract: Improvements in the thermal stability of bis(isoimide) resins are achieved by the addition of small amounts of trihydroxyaromatic or polyhydroxyaromatic compounds to the partially polymerized bis(isoimide) resin composition.

Abstract: Secondary products formed in the chlorination of butadiene can be reacted with phenols in the absence of iron catalysts to form novolak-like phenolic resins in such a way that the tetrachlorobutane present in the secondary products does not react. It can be distilled off with the excess phenol and isolated in pure form from the distillate obtained.

Abstract: A rubber compounding resin which is low fuming, nonhygroscopic and low in free resorcinol. It is made by first reacting resorcinol or other phenolic compound and styrene or other vinyl compound in a molar ratio of 1.0 mole of resorcinol to 0.25 to 1.0 mole of styrene after which formaldehyde or other aldehyde is added in the amount of 0.5 to 0.7 moles. Alternatively, the resorcinol can first be reacted with the formaldehyde after which the styrene is added. The composition resulting from the above procedure has been identified as having the structure ##STR1## wherein X is hydroxyl, hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. An intermediate in making the above compound has been identified as having the structure.

Abstract: An anionic emulsifier obtained from the reaction products of an alkyl phenol, polyamine, and formaldehyde or of an alkyl phenol, fatty acid/polyamine condensate, and formaldehyde followed by the reaction of such products with acrylic acid, and the uses of the emulsifier in anionic bituminous emulsions and paving slurry seal mixtures are disclosed.

Abstract: An anionic emulsifier obtained from the reaction products of an alkyl phenol, polyamine, and formaldehyde or of an alkyl phenol, fatty acid/polyamine condensate, and formaldehyde followed by the reaction of such products with acrylic acid, and the uses of the emulsifier in anionic bituminous emulsions and paving slurry seal mixtures are disclosed.

Abstract: An anionic emulsifier obtained from the reaction products of an alkyl phenol, polyamine, and formaldehyde or of an alkyl phenol, fatty acid/polyamine condensate, and formaldehyde followed by the reaction of such products with acrylic acid, and the uses of the emulsifier in anionic bituminous emulsions and paving slurry seal mixtures are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel thermosetting imido prepolymers having low melt viscosity, well adapted for the production, e.g., of preimpregnated shaped articles, are copolymerizates of at least one N,N'-bismaleimide; at least one hindered diprimary diamine, e.g., 4,4'-diamino-3,3',5,5'-tetraalkyl-diphenyl-methane or 1,3-diamino- or 1,4-diaminotrialkylbenzene; at least one comonomeric heterocycle, e.g., a vinylpyridine, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, allyl isocyanurate, vinyltetrahydrofuran, and/or an imidazole compound; and at least one comonomeric (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N,N'-bis-(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl)urea obtained from the reaction with water of cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate having a high trans isomer content. This invention further relates to the process for preparing the N,N'-bis(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl)urea and to its use in the synthesis of polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluroine-containing novolak resin or its derivative having a repeating unit of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, OH or ##STR2## R.sup.2 is hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X is fluorine-containing monovalent organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.The present invention also provides a perfluoroalkenyloxphenol or its derivative of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.10 is OH or ##STR4## R.sup.11 is H, OH, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or ##STR5## Y is perfluoroalkenyl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Improved phenolic-modified rosin ester resins are disclosed. The phenolic-modified rosin ester resins comprise the reaction product of substantially unsaturated rosins with a dienophile, a phenolic compound and a formaldehyde-containing compound, which product is then esterified. The resulting composition is useful in vehicles for publication gravure printing inks, as well as in the printing inks themselves. Printing inks fabricated in accordance with the invention employing these improved phenolic-modified rosin ester resins provide prints of superior quality.

Abstract: Curable mixtures based on(A) compounds containing hydroxyl groups,(B) curable compounds,(C) catalysts and(D) if appropriate a diluent and if appropriate further additives,in which compounds which are used as the curing compounds(B) are those which contain at least two enol ether groups of the formula (I) ##STR1## The mixtures according to the invention already cure rapidly at low temperatures and are particularly suitable for the production of shaped articles or coatings or as a constituent in lacquers.

Abstract: Oligomeric condensation products of certain dialdehydes and phenols can be end-capped with a vinylbenzyl moiety and certain other moieties, especially alkyl groups, to afford thermosetting resins particularly valuable in making laminated circuit boards. Resins prepared by the reaction of 1 molar proportion of glyoxal with from 3 to 4 molar proportions of phenol and end-capped with from 50 to 85% vinylbenzyl groups with the remainder being alkyls of 1 through 11 carbon atoms are particularly useful.

Abstract: The resins resulting from converting the phenol-formaldehyde type condensation products of dicyclopentadiene-phenol adducts with selected aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding vinylbenzyl ethers are an excellent matrix in which to embed fibers to produce a composite. Such resins, especially as a blend of materials with varying molecular weight distribution, are amorphous materials whose glass transition temperature is well under the curing temperature, and whose solubility permits solutions with high solids content so as to afford coatings with high resin content. The extensively crosslinked polymer resulting from thermal, photochemical, or free radical initiated polymerization has excellent thermal and electrical properties for use in multilayer circuit boards.

Abstract: Novel curable resin compositions are disclosed containing an aromatic cyanate ester and an allyl ether of a bisphenol as a modifier. These compositions provide improved prepregs and composites. Additional modifiers including epoxy resins and bismaleimides may be included.

Abstract: A terpolymer is prepared from phenol, furfuryl alcohol and formaldehyde wherein a substantial amound of the furfuryl alcohol is catalytically reacted by means of a water soluble multivalent metal salt catalyst, and wherein the reaction is carried out under essentially hydrous conditions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermoset polymer having good adhesive properties comprising reacting a compound containing a plurality of oxazoline groups with an alkenyl phosphonic acid at a temperature of from about room temperature to about 300.degree. C. is described.

Abstract: Heat-curable mixtures comprising(a) 10-90% by weight of at least one compound of formula I ##STR1## (b) 90-10% by weight of at least one compound of formula II ##STR2## and, based on the sum of (a)+(b), (c) 0-30% by weight of at least one compound which is able to react with component (b),in which formulae above n, m, R, R', R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for the preparation of moulded articles such as prepregs and composites, coatings and bonds.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition comprising an N,N'-bismaleimide compound and an allylated phenol novolak resin having partially or wholly allyl-etherified phenolic hydroxyl groups and substantially no nucleous-substituted allyl group.

Abstract: A resin having a monomer unit structure represented by the formula: ##STR1## can be cured by an actinic irradiation such as electron beam, ultraviolet ray or infrared ray to give a heat-resistant, moisture-resistant, acid- and alkali-resistant and solvent-resistant film which is especially suitable for a paint vehicle resin for use in resistor element or magnetic recording medium. A composition comprising said resin modified by incorporating at least of one monomer or oligomer containing at least one acryl, methacryl or allyl group therein for facilitating the control of the characteristics of a resistor element obtained by using said composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising a mixture and/or a preliminary reaction product of (a) polyfunctional cyanate ester, prepolymer of the cyanate ester, or coprepolymer of the cyanate ester and an amine, and (b) cyclopentadiene or polycyclopentadiene and a curable resin composition comprising a mixture or a preliminary reaction product of above component (a), above component (b) and (c), a polyfunctional maleimide, prepolymer of the maleimide or coprepolymer of the maleimide and an amine are disclosed. Cured resin having excellent impact-resistance, adhesive power, heat-resistance and chemical-resistance can be prepared from the compositions.

Abstract: A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer which comprises polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of it with another monomer copolymerizable therewith in an aqueous medium or in bulk, characterized in that the inside of the polymerization reactor is coated beforehand with the product of reaction of an oily or waxy cyclopentadiene polymer and a phenolic compound with or without an aldehyde compound.

Abstract: A bath composition for cataphoretic electrocoating of conductive surfaces contains coating agents which have been rendered soluble or dispersible with acid, contain basic nitrogen groups and carry groups of the general formulae (1) and (11) ##STR1## and, optionally, also groups of the general formulae (III) and/or (IV) ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each hydrogen, alkyl or a divalent radical of a polymer molecule which is bonded to a phenol or phenol ether, n.sup.1 is 1, 2 or 3 and n.sup.2 is 1 or 2, and where the oxygen bonded to the phenyl radical is either in the form of the OH group or etherified.

Abstract: The tetramethylol derivative of 4,4'iso-propylidenediphenol is dissolved in a solution of water and ethylene or propylene carbonate to yield concentrated solutions of the derivative in a form which may readily be used in the manufacture of foams or used as a liquid binder for molded ceiling products. Based on 100 parts by weight of the tertramethylol derivative, these solutions contain from about 15 to about 35 parts by weight of water and from about 5 to about 30 parts by weight of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, with the total parts by weight of the water and carbonate varying from about 40 to about 45.

Abstract: A copolymer formed by reacting maleic anhydride or a maleimide or a mixture of these with an allylphenol, a methallylphenol, or substituted allyl or methallylphenol. The anhydride polymers are characterized as having a 1:1 molar ratio of maleic anhydride to phenol or substituted phenol. The maleic anhydride copolymers are water soluble materials, useful as epoxy resin modifiers and curatives, as ion exchange resins or membranes, laminates, and detergent additives and builders. The maleimide containing copolymers are also useful as epoxy resin modifiers and useful in the production of laminates, composites and coatings.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising a mixture and/or a preliminary reaction product of (a) at least one cyanate compound selected from the group consisting of polyfunctional cyanate esters, prepolymers of said cyanate esters, coprepolymers of said cyanate esters and an amine and mixtures thereof, (b) at least one compound having two or more acrylic ester groups represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is organic group comprising as member constituting a main chain or ring C and optionally O and/or N and optionally as a pendant hydroxy and/or halogen, when R.sup.1 contains aromatic group, R.sup.1 has 6-35 carbon atoms, and when R.sup.1 contains no benzene ring, R.sup.1 has 1-15 carbon atoms, X is hydrogen or methyl, n is integer of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and valency of R.sup.1 is the same as n, and optionally (c) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyfunctional maleimides, prepolymers of the maleimides or coprepolymers of the maleimides and an amine is disclosed.