Abstract: Wholly aromatic, mesomorphic polyesters which give a homogeneous liquid crystalline melt at below 320.degree. C. consist of(a) not less than 10 mol % of repeating units of the formula I ##STR1## (b) from 1 to 25 mol % of repeating units of the formula II ##STR2## (c) from 5 to 20 mol % of one or more of the repeating units of the formulae III to VII ##STR3## (d) from 5 to 15 mol % of repeating units of the formula VIII ##STR4## and (e) from 10 to 60 mol % of repeating units of the formula IX ##STR5## the sum of the molar amounts of (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) being 100 mol % in each case and the molar ratio of the components (b)+(c)+(d) to component (e) being from 0.9:1 to 1.1:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing aromatic polyamides by melt condensation of(i) aromatic diamines of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar--NH.sub.2where X=--O-- and Y=--SO.sub.2 -- or X=--SO.sub.2 -- and Y=--O-- and Ar' and Ar"=meta-, para-phenylene, which can be replaced up to 70 mole percent by an aromatic diamine of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar--((Z)q--Ar).sub.r --NH.sub.2where Ar=meta-- or para-phenylene; Z=--O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO--, or --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 -- or mixtures thereof; q=0 or 1; r=0, 1 or 2 and of(ii) isophthalic acid, which can be replaced up to 60 mole % by terephthalic acid, while both acids can be substituted for by an acid with the formula ##STR1## or a dicarboxylic acid with the general formulaHO.sub.2 C--Ar--(A--Ar).sub.p --CO.sub.2 H,where A=--O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO-- or a single bond; and p=0 or 1; in the presence of triphenylphosphite or an acid with the formula H.sub.3 PO.sub.n, where n=2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: Improved all-aromatic polyester resin compositions are proposed which comprise an all-aromatic polyester resin and a polyether oil. They have excellent moldability and shock resistance while retaining good heat resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to new aromatic polyesters based on terephthalic acid and hydroquinones, processes for their preparation from hydroquinone and terephthalic acid derivatives, and their use for the preparation of molecularly reinforced polymers.

Abstract: The production of oxybenzoyl polyesters is facilitated by the incorporation of a salt, particularly an alkali earth metal salt, and preferably potassium sulfate, during the production enabling the consistent production from these polyesters of molded articles of improved appearance and excellent properties.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of a diaryl ester containing only small amounts of the corresponding monoesters comprises reacting a mixture of an aryl diacid, a monohydroxy aromatic compound and a catalyst, cooling, adding a controlled amount of water, and cooling further. Typically, diaryl esters, such as diphenyl isophthalate (DPI), containing only about 1-5% of the monoester, such as monophenyl isophthalate are obtained upon addition to the reaction mixture of approximately 5-15% by weight of water at 60.degree.-80.degree. C., followed by cooling to about 15.degree.-35.degree. C.

Abstract: Wholly aromatic polyesters which form a liquid-crystalline fiber-forming melt below 300.degree. C. and are composed of(a) from 10 to 25 mol % of repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## (b) from 5 to 15 mol % of repeat units of the formula II ##STR2## (c) from 5 to 15 mol % of repeat units of the formula III ##STR3## (d) not less than 10 mol % of repeat units of the formula IV ##STR4## and (e) a molar amount corresponding to the total amount of (a), (b) and (c) of repeat units of the formula V ##STR5## the molar proportions of components a, b, c, d and e adding up to 100 mol % in each case, the preparation thereof and fibers, films, moldings and surface coatings prepared therefrom.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing aromatic polyamides having general formula(--CO--Ar--CO--NH--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar'--NH--).sub.mwhere Ar, Ar', and Ar" each represent an m- or p-phenylene group, possibly substituted with alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and X is O and Y is SO.sub.2 or X is SO.sub.2 and Y is O. In the present method, isophthalic and/or terephthalic acids are reacted with diamines of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar--NH.sub.2in the presence of a catalytic amount of an acid derived from phosphorus and having formula H.sub.3 PO.sub.n (where n=2, 3 or 4), or in the presence of triphenyl phosphite, and possibly in the presence of a 4-dialkylaminopyridine, in a polar, aprotic, organic solvent, at temperatures between 160.degree. and 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Wholly aromatic mesomorphic polyester amides which form a liquid-crystalline fiber-forming melt below 320.degree. C. and are composed of(a) from 5 to 35 mol % of repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## (b) from 5 to 15 mol % of repeat units of the formula II ##STR2## (c) a molar amount corresponding to the total amount of components (a) and (b), and, when (e) signifies repeat units of the formula VI or VII, (e) of repeat units of the formula III ##STR3## (d) not less than 10 mol % of repeat units of the formula IV ##STR4## (e) from 2 to 15 mol % of repeat units of the formula V ##STR5## or of the formula VI ##STR6## the repeat units of the formula VI being replaceable in part by repeat units of the formula VII ##STR7## with the proviso that the molar proportions of components (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) add up to 100 mol % in each case, the preparation thereof and fibers, films, molding and surface coating materials prepared therefrom.

Abstract: An aromatic polythioetheramide-imide having a recurring unit of the following general formula (II): ##STR1## wherein --Ar--, which may be the same or different in the polymer, each represents a divalent aromatic residue. The aromatic polythioetheramide-imides are excellent in the balance of mechanical properties, heat resistance and moldability and can be used widely for parts in electric and electronic fields, housings, automobile parts, aircraft interior parts, sliding parts, gears, insulating materials, heat-resistant films, heat-resistant varnishes, heat-resistant fibers, etc.

Abstract: Wholly aromatic mesomorphic polyester amides which form a liquid-crystalline fiber-forming melt below 320.degree. C. and are composed of(a) from 3 to 30 mol % of repeat units of the formula ##STR1## (b) from 3 to 25 mol % of one or more of the repeat units of the formulae II, III and IV ##STR2## (c) a molar amount corresponding to the total amount of components (a) and (b) of repeat units of the formulae V and/or VI ##STR3## (d) repeat units of the formula VII ##STR4## (e) if desired from 5 to 25 mol % of repeat units of the formula VIII ##STR5## the mole percentages of components (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) adding up to 100 mol % in each case, and the preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide having a high molecular weight is produced by a polycondensation reaction of an aromatic aminocarboxylic acid and/or a mixture of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic diamine in a polar solvent in the presence of a dehydrating catalyst with heating at a temperature of about 160.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing polyamides from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic diamines in the presence of catalytic amounts of a phosphorous-containing catalyst and a 4-diakylaminopyridine as cocatalyst, at temperatures above 180.degree. C., is described.

Abstract: Described herein is an improved process for preparing poly(aryl ether ketones) by reacting nucleophilic coreactants with electrophilic coreactants under Friedel Crafts polymerization conditions, wherein the improvement comprises carrying out the polymerization in a solvent comprising 1,2-dichlorethane.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyester by polycondensation of either(1)(a) aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids containing at least 50 mole % of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and/or ester-forming derivatives of these acids,(b) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and/or an ester-forming derivative of aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and(c) an aromatic dihydroxy compound and/or an ester-forming derivative of aromatic dihydroxy compound,wherein the (a):(b) molar ratio and the (a):(c) molar ratio are each from 1:0 to 1:4, or(2)(d) aromatic dicarboxylic acids containing at least 50 mole % of terephthalic acid, and/or ester-forming derivatives of these acids and(e) aromatic dihydroxy compounds containing at least 50 mole % of at least one of hydroquinone, substituted hydroquinone, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, and substituted 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, and/or ester-forming derivatives of these dihydroxy compounds,characterized in that the polycondensation is carried out by using a liquid compound which has a higher boiling point at normal

Abstract: Described herein is a process for stabilizing a poly(aryl ether ketone) produced by a Friedel-Crafts polymerization process which comprises adding a nucleophilic and/or an electrophilic capping agent during the polymerization.

Abstract: A polyester, being capable of the anisotropic property in the molten state and a thermotropic liquid crystals, or a composition comprising a low molecular weight polyester and a thermotropic crosslinked, while having the structure of liquid crystals, by a crosslinking reaction with a compound having at least three reactive groups. The reactive group preferably includes hydroxy, carboxyl, amino, amide, carbodiimide, isocyanate, carbamate, epoxy and ester.

Abstract: A polymer having repeating units of the general formula ##STR1## wherein BB is a benzobisaxazole, benzobisthiazole or benzobisimidazole group and Y is a phenolic, pyridyl or phenoxyphenyl group.

Abstract: Novel compositions comprising a high concentration of one or more extended chain homopolymer, copolymer, or block polymer and certain polyphosphoric acids are prepared under conditions to exercise control of molecular weight as characterized by intrinsic visoscity. Such compositions are optically anisotropic (liquid crystlaline), capable of exhibiting excellent cohesive strength, and are especially suited to the production of high molecular weight ordered polymer fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. These liquid crystalline compositions are capable of being drawn through long air gap distances and spun at excptionally high spin draw ratios. Fibers, films and other articles formed from these liquid crystalline compositions exhibit exceptionally high physical and heat resistant properties.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyester-carbonate resin containing in the polymer chain, divalent moieties of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents aliphatic hydrocarbyl of from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, inclusive, halogen substituted aliphatic hydrocarbyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, inclusive, aralkyl of 7 to 10 carbon atoms, inclusive and halogen substituted aralkyl of 7 to 10 carbon atoms, inclusive; a and b are each whole number integers of from 0 to 1; and the sum of a+b is 1 and wherein there are sufficient linkages of formula I to lower the glass transition temperature of the polymer.

Abstract: Thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonate containing the polymerized reaction products of (i) at least one dihydric phenol, (ii) a carbonate precursor, and (iii) at least one end-capping agent represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein: R is independently selected from alkyl radicals;Z is a cycloalkyl radical; andn is an integer having a value of from 0 to 4 inclusive.

Abstract: A five-component copolyester not described in the prior art literature which comprises at least five components, i.e. (a) two aromatic dicarboxylic acid components composed of a major amount of an isophthalic acid component and a minor amount of another dicarboxylic acid component, (b) a diol component composed of an ethylene glycol component and optionally another diol component, (c) an aromatic monohydroxy-monocarboxylic acid component and (d) a polyfunctional compound component having at least three functional groups. The copolyester has excellent melt moldability, mechanical strength, transparency and gas-barrier property in a well balanced combination, and shows improved properties over conventional copolyesters containing a major amount of isophthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component.

Abstract: A process for making polyetherimides involving reacting an aromatic bis(ether anhydride) with an organic diamine in the presence of a solvent so as to form a polyamide acid. The polyamide acid is thereafter polymerized in a solid state at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the final polyetherimide.

Abstract: Described herein are novel crystalline chain extended poly(aryl ether ketones) which display excellent toughness, fabricability and very good high temperature and solvent resistance.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aromatic polyester derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acid and bisphenol includes adding a phosphite stabilizer to reduce coloration and reduce loss of intrinsic viscosity of the aromatic polyester to a molten mixture of the monomeric reactants or prepolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of random copolymers containing repeating polyimide units and repeating polyetherimide units. The process is a reverse addition process and utilizes at least two dianhydrides of varying reactivity.

Abstract: Linear aromatic polyesters produce by melt polymerization of a bisphenol and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid are end-capped during melt polymerization by the addition of phenyl benzoate to provide benzoate terminal groups.

Abstract: Condensation polymers of high molecular weight, such as polyesters, polyureas, and polyamides, are usually prepared at temperatures of 200.degree. C. or greater. However, by utilizing the catalyst system of the present invention condensation polymers can be synthesized at much lower temperatures. These catalyst systems are comprised of (1) a silicon-phosphorus composition which contains at least one divalent oxygen atom which is bonded directly to a tetravalent silicon atom and a trivalent or pentavalent phosphorus atom; and (2) at least one acid acceptor. For example, P(OSiR.sub.3).sub.3 wherein R can be an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, can be used in conjunction with a basic solvent as a catalyst system. Polymeric agents having pendant diphenylphosphine dichloride groups can also be used in conjunction with an acid acceptor as a catalyst system.

Abstract: The preparation of poly(arylene ketones) and in particular all para-linked poly(arylene ether ketones) by Friedel-Crafts polymerization in the presence of a Lewis acid generally results in an intractible reaction product difficult to remove from the reaction vessel and difficult to purify. The addition of a liquefaction agent, such as a hydrogen halide and in particular hydrogen chloride, to the reaction mixture, results in a tractible gel or a liquid which can be readily handled. The hydrogen halide is preferably under pressure and a diluent may also be added along with the hydrogen halide.

Abstract: A polyester formed by adding compounds of the following formulae I and II to a reaction product of terephthalic acid or a dicarboxylic acid mixture mainly composed of terephthalic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof with at least one glycol or an ester-forming derivative thereof, having a melt electrical resistance of not higher than 1600.times.10.sup.6 .OMEGA. and a softening point higher than the softening point derived from Flory's equation for the melting temperature of random copolymers but lower than the softening point of a polyester obtained by adding a compound of formula I alone: ##STR1## wherein each R independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Carbonate polymers containing at least one terminal group represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to completely aromatic polyesters in which at least one end of the molecular chains is composed of the radicals ##STR1## The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of polyesters of this type and to the shaped articles produced therefrom.The polyesters according to the invention are also open to subsequent solid-phase condensation.

Abstract: Methods of making modified polyimide adhesives and laminating compositions. These adhesives are also particularly useful as the matrix material in high strength fiber reinforced composites. The adhesive compositions are prepared by initially reacting an oxoimine with one or more tetracarboxylic acid dianhydrides, which is primarily 1, 2, 3, 4-butanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. The resulting bisimide is dissolved in a non-reactive solvent and a suitable diamine is added to react with the bisimide, producing a liquid resin solution which is essentially a polyamide resin solution. This solution is useful as an adhesive or a fiber composite matrix which can be cured to a polyimide at moderate processing temperatures. The final adhesive bond or matrix is found to be flexible, strong and very resistant to flame, high temperatures, oils and solvents.

Abstract: Polyesters having at least 90%, by weight, of recurrent structural units corresponding to the following formula: ##STR1## and characterised by a relative viscosity.eta..sub.rel of from 1.6 to 4.5 (determined at 25.degree. C. in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, c=5 g/l) are suitable for the production of films having highly advantageous performance characteristics, in particular high heat resistance.

Abstract: A method of producing aromatic polyesters by polycondensation of diols and carboxylic acids, comprising polycondensating said diols and said dicarboxylic acids in the presence of a sulfur compound of a general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, alkyl or aralkyl group, X represents a halogen atom.

Abstract: The production of oxybenzoyl polyesters is facilitated by the incorporation of a phosphite, particularly an organic phosphite, during the production enabling the production of molded articles from these polyesters of improved appearance and excellent properties.

Abstract: Aromatic polythioetheramide polymers having a repeating unit represented by the formulae as shown below and a process for the production thereof are described. These polymers have excellent moldability, flame retardance, heat resistance, and chemical resistance, and are suitable for use as engineering plastics: ##STR1## wherein all the symbols are the same as defined in the specification and claims.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of colorless, heat-stable and hydrolysis-stable aromatic polyesters and polyester carbonates by conventional interfacial polycondensation of aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichlorides and diphenolates in which dicarboxylic acid dichlorides are used which have been obtained by chlorination from the dimethyl esters of the corresponding acids, and tertiary cycloaliphatic amines are used as catalysts.

Abstract: A copolymer formed from an isoimide oligomer and another compound, such as an aryl sulfone, each of which has reactive functional terminal groups, such as ethylenic or acetylenic groups. The isoimide oligomer is soluble in the other compound, unreactive with the compound below a certain temperature and forms a liquid blend therewith. Upon heating the liquid blend above that certain temperature, the terminal groups on the isoimide oligomer and the other compound react with each other to form a copolymer. The liquid blends may be used to form encapsulants, coatings, films, and resin matrices for composites to provide resins with excellent high temperature properties.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyester having an aromatic dicarboxylic acid as a main acid component and trimethylene glycol or tetramethylene glycol as a main glycol component from a starting material composed mainly of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its functional derivative and trimethylene glycol or tetramethylene glycol; wherein at least one organometallic catalyst selected from the group consisting of organotitanium compounds and organotin compounds and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of organic sulfonic acids and aliphatic carboxylic acids and being capable of increasing the catalyst activity of the organometallic catalyst are added to the reaction system so that the promoter increases the catalytic activity of the organometallic catalyst, and an aromatic polyester having an increased degree of polymerization is formed at an increased rate of polymerization.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing polybenzobisthiazoles and polybenzobisoxazoles involves reacting diethyl, di-n-propyl, diisopropyl or diisobutyl terephthalate rather than terephthalic acid with the appropriate dihydrochloride.

Abstract: Polycarbonates exhibiting improved heat resistances comprised of the reaction products of (i) a carbonate precursor and (ii) at least one dihydric phenol represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein: R and R.sup.1 are independently selected from alkyl radicals;A is selected from divalent hydrocarbon radicals, ##STR2## and n is either zero or one.

Abstract: A class of aromatic polyesters exhibiting melt processability is disclosed. A portion of repeating 2,2'-substituted-biphenylene radicals in an aromatic polyester is replaced by certain other aromatic radicals to provide an aromatic polyester which exhibits low-melting properties, melt processability and melt anisotropy. The aromatic polyesters can be melt processed to films and fibers.

Abstract: Methods of making water soluble polyimide resin compositions. A carboxy terminated bisimide is prepared by reacting a suitable aromatic dianhydride with a suitable oxoimine. The bisimide is then mixed with a sufficient quantity of a water soluble solvent to dissolve the bisimide. Water is added to make a solution of the desired viscosity. An aromatic diamine is added to this water solution. To the mixture is added a suitable quantity of a tertiary amine to stabilize the resin. The solution is coated onto a surface and dried to produce a smooth, flexible coating. The coating can then be heated to an appropriate temperature to produce a fully polymerized coating which is thermally stable and resistant to oils and solvents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic polyester-carbonates wherein, in a first stage, aromatic oligo-esters or oligo-ester-carbonates having hydroxyl end groups are prepared from diaryl esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids (or their starting materials) and diphenols and, optionally, a diaryl carbonate, by trans-esterification in the melt, and in a second stage these oligo-esters or oligo-ester-carbonates are condensed with phosgene by the phase boundary process to give the polyester-carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic polyamides mixed with SiO.sub.2, which is characterized in that terephthalic (isophthalic) acid is subjected to polycondensation with aromatic diamines in the presence of SiCl.sub.4 and tertiary aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, to the polyamides which are produced as a mixture with SiO.sub.2 and to a process for their isolation.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic ketone-sulfone copolymers which comprises polymerizing appropriate monomers by a Friedel-Crafts polymerization reaction using a Lewis acid catalyst. A controlling agent such as a Lewis base is added to the reaction medium. The reaction medium comprises, for example, aluminum trichloride as the Lewis acid, an organic Lewis base such as N,N-dimethylformamide or an inorganic Lewis base such as sodium or lithium chloride as the controlling agent, and a diluent such as methylene chloride or 1,2-dichloroethane. The amount of Lewis acid, the amount of Lewis base, the temperature of the reaction and the monomer to diluent molar ratio are varied depending on the monomer system to obtain melt-processable, high molecular weight, substantially linear polymers, for example prepared from copolymerization of p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride and p-phenoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride or of terephthaloyl chloride, 1,4-benzenedisulfonyl chloride and diphenyl ether, or of like monomers.

Abstract: Boron- and nitrogen-containing compositions prepared by the reaction of a quaternary ammonium hydroxide with a trialkyl or triaryl borate are useful for the preparation of the active catalyst species in the transesterification of reaction for the production of polycarbonates or polyester-polycarbonates from diaryl carbonates (optionally in admixture with diaryl dicarboxylates) and dihydroxyaromatic compounds.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters based on diphenols, iso- and terephthalic acid, which contain terminal or lateral radicals with two conjugated double bonds, show greatly improved resistance to stress corrosion after tempering.

Abstract: Poly(p-phenylene-trans-benzobisthiazole) and poly(p-phenylene-cis-benzobisoxazole) fibers are rendered more adherent to epoxy resins by treatment with an oxygen containing gas under specified conditions.