Abstract: The present invention relates to copolycarbonates having improved surface hardness, processes for the preparation thereof and the use thereof for the production of blends, shaped articles and extrudates.

Abstract: An optical lens which can be produced by injection molding on an industrial scale, and which has a high refractive index, a low Abbe's number, a low birefringence index, a high transparency and a high glass transition temperature. The optical lens can be produced by injection molding of a polycarbonate resin (preferably having a reduced viscosity of 0.2 dl/g or higher and a glass transition temperature of 120 to 160° C.), wherein the polycarbonate resin is produced by reacting a diol component comprising 99 to 51 mol % of 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)fluorene and 1 to 49 mol % of bisphenol A with a carbonate diester. It becomes possible to produce an optical lens preferably having a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.65, an Abbe's number of 30 or smaller, a birefringence index of 300 nm or lower and an all light transmittance of 85.0% or higher.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric materials having enhanced properties. In some cases, the materials may comprise polymers having shape-persistent portions which may enhance the mechanical properties of the material. The materials may exhibit higher stiffness or strength and ductility values, resulting in higher energy absorption and enhanced protection, as well as longer lifetimes for product usage. In some cases, the materials may be optically transparent and lightweight, making them suitable for in various applications including protective materials.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polycarbonate polymer comprising: an isosorbide unit, a polysiloxane unit; and an aliphatic unit different from the isosorbide unit, wherein the isosorbide unit, polysiloxane unit, and aliphatic unit are each carbonate, or a combination of carbonate and ester units and the aliphatic unit is derived from an aliphatic oligomer having a molecular weight of 900 to 4000.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin having at least one terminal group which is represented by formula (1), and a resin composition and an optical material comprising the polycarbonate resin are disclosed. In the formula, R1-R9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or an alkyl group. X1 represents a direct bond or alkylene group.

Abstract: Polycarbonate compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise a polycarbonate polymer (A) having repeating units derived from 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimidine (PPPBP); a polycarbonate polymer (B) which is different from polymer (A); an impact modifier (C) which is different from polymer (A) and polymer (B); and talc filler (D). The resulting composition has an improved combination of properties, particularly heat resistance, low temperature impact performance, and viscosity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new method and compositions from the method consisting of block copolycarbonate/phosphonates that exhibit an excellent combination of flame resistance, hydrolytic stability, high Tg, low melt viscosity, low color and high toughness. Also disclosed are polymer mixtures or blends comprised of these block copolycarbonate/phosphonate compositions and commodity and engineering plastics and articles produced therefrom. Further disclosed are articles of manufacture produced from these materials, such as fibers, films, coated substrates, moldings, foams, adhesives and fiber-reinforced articles, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A copolycarbonate-polyester, comprising units of formula wherein at least 60 percent of the total number of R1 groups are divalent aromatic organic radicals and the balance thereof are divalent aliphatic or alicyclic radicals; units of formula wherein T is a C7-20 divalent alkyl aromatic radical or a C6-20 divalent aromatic radical, and D is a divalent C6-20 aromatic radical; and units of the formula wherein R2 and R3 are each independently a halogen or a C1-6 alkyl group, R4 is a methyl or phenyl group, each c is independently 0 to 4, and T is as described above. A method of making a copolycarbonate-polyester is also disclosed.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin which shows a high content of biogenic matter and has excellent heat resistance, heat stability and moldability, and a manufacturing process thereof. The polycarbonate resin contains a recurring unit represent by the following formula (1) as the major constituent, and has (i) a specific viscosity of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.7 g of the resin in 100 ml of methylene chloride at 20° C. of 0.20 to 0.45, (ii) a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 150 to 200° C., and (iii) a 5% weight loss temperature (Td) of 330 to 400° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical lens which can be produced by injection molding on an industrial scale and which has a high refractive index, a low Abbe's number, a low birefringence index, a high transparency and a high glass transition temperature. The optical lens can be produced by injection molding of a polycarbonate resin (preferably having a reduced viscosity of 0.2 dl/g or higher and a glass transition temperature of 120 to 160° C.), wherein the polycarbonate resin is produced by reacting a diol component comprising 99 to 51 mol % of 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)fluorene and 1 to 49 mol % of bisphenol A with a carbonate diester. It becomes possible to produce an optical lens preferably having a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.65, an Abbe's number of 30 or smaller, a birefringence index of 300 nm or lower and an all light transmittance of 85.0% or higher.

Abstract: Chemically protected dihydroxyacetone and/or dimers are used to make polycarbonates, poly(acetal carbonate)s, poly(spiroacetal)s, polyesters and polyurethanes.

Abstract: Compositions including poly(block-phophonato-esters) or poly(block-phosphonato-carbonate) and a process for making them from oligomeric phosphonates and/or polyphosphonates and polyester and/or polycarbonates are disclosed. The compositions provide tough flame retardant materials and coatings.

Abstract: A method of making a polycarbonate is described. The method comprises melt reacting an ester-substituted diaryl carbonate and a multifunctional compound of the formula: in the presence of catalyst to form an oligomer comprising less than 2,000 ppm of an ester-linked terminal group, and melt polymerizing the oligomer to form a polycarbonate. Use of specific reaction conditions produces a polycarbonate having an Mw of greater than or equal to 25,000 g/mol as determined by gel-permeation chromatography relative to polystyrene standards. Polycarbonates comprising units derived from the multifunctional compound, including homopolycarbonates, aliphatic copolycarbonates further comprising units derived from an aromatic dihydroxy compound, and aliphatic polycarbonate-polyesters, are also disclosed, as are a thermoplastic composition and an article including the disclosed polycarbonates.

Abstract: A thermoplastic composition, contains a polycarbonate resin, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, an aromatic vinyl copolymer, an impact modifier, and a mineral filler, wherein the composition has least about 40% ductility under multiaxial impact strength test conditions per ASTM D3763 at ?30° C. Alternatively, a composition contains a polycarbonate resin, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 2.5 wt. % siloxane by weight of the composition, an aromatic vinyl copolymer comprising SAN, an impact modifier comprising ABS, and a mineral filler. Such compositions may be made by combining, by weight of the composition, polycarbonate resin, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, an aromatic vinyl copolymer, an impact modifier, and a mineral filler, wherein the composition has at least 40% ductility under multiaxial impact strength test conditions per ASTM D3763 at ?30° C.

Abstract: A copolycarbonate-polyester, comprising units of formula wherein at least 60 percent of the total number of R1 groups are divalent aromatic organic radicals and the balance thereof are divalent aliphatic or alicyclic radicals; units of formula wherein T is a C7-20 divalent alkyl aromatic radical or a C6-20 divalent aromatic radical, and D is a divalent C6-20 aromatic radical; and units of the formula wherein R2 and R3 are each independently a halogen or a C1-6 alkyl group, R4 is a methyl or phenyl group, each c is independently 0 to 4, and T is as described above.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermally crosslinked and photo-crosslinked biodegradable and biocompatible elastomeric polymers. The elastomers can be used for biomedical devices such as needles, stents, catheters, scaffolds for tissue engineering, and implantable drug delivery devices. The photo-crosslinked elastomers are particularly useful for delivery devices for proteins and peptides.

Abstract: The present disclosure is in part directed to optical devices for modulating light comprising compounds which spontaneously align. The disclosure is also directed to electro-optic compounds wherein chromophore substituents are chemically bound to a chiral polymer. In one embodiment, the chiral polymer comprises a binaphthyl monomeric unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides UV-stable polycarbonates, optionally mixed with known aromatic polycarbonates, the production and use thereof, wherein the polycarbonates contain terminal groups of the formula (Ia)

Abstract: A process of preparing a branched (co)polycarbonate resin is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a polycarbonate resin which comprises performing melt polycondensation of pentacyclopentadecanedimethanol or pentacyclopentadecanedimethanol and diol with carbonic acid diester in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of zinc compounds, tin compounds, lead compounds, zirconium compounds and hafnium compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the preparation of polyesters, poly(ester amide)s and poly(ester imide)s. The materials obtained by the methods of present invention are useful as fluid separation membranes and as high performance materials.

Abstract: A photoresist stripping apparatus and a corresponding method for removing photoresist layers after a patterned polyimide layer is developed. The photoresist-stripping apparatus includes a transporting unit, a stripping unit, a washing unit, a drying unit and a control unit. The transporting unit connects the stripping unit, the washing unit and the drying unit. The control unit is responsible for controlling the transport sequence and timing of the transporting unit. The method of stripping the photoresist layer off the OLED panel includes providing a stripping solution to the stripping unit to remove photoresist layers. The OLED panel is jet-cleaned with a washing solution in the washing unit so that any residual stripping agent is removed. Finally, the surface of the OLED panel is blown dry.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing protective colloid-stabilized vinyl aromatic-1.3-diene-copolymers in the form of their aqueous polymer dispersions or in the form of a powder which can be re-dispersed in water, by emulsion-polymerizing a mixture containing at least one vinyl aromatic and at least one 1,3-diene in the presence of a protective colloid and optionally, drying the resulting polymer dispersions. In the method part of the protective colloid is provided straightaway and part is metered.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin obtainable by reaction of a carbonic acid ester-forming compound with bisphenols consisting essentially of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) fluorene and a bisphenol compound(s) having a polysiloxane skeleton, an intrinsic viscosity of said polycarbonate resin being 0.2 to 2.0 dl/g.

Abstract: A precursor of a polybenzoxazole resin which comprises a crosslinking group in a molecule and has a specific structure, a polybenzoxazole resin obtained from the precursor by the condensation reaction and the crosslinking reaction, an insulating film comprising the polybenzoxazole resin and a semiconductor device comprising an insulating interlayer film in multi-layer wiring or a film for protecting surfaces which comprises the above insulating film. The precursor exhibits excellent processability due to excellent solubility in solvents and, after the ring closure, excellent heat stability in applications. The resin exhibits excellent electric, physical and mechanical properties and is advantageously used for insulating interlayer films of semiconductor devices and the like applications.

Abstract: An aromatic-aliphatic copolycarbonate and a process for producing the same which comprises polycondensation of an aromatic dihydroxy compound, such as 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, tricyclo(5.2.1.02,6)decanedimethanol, and a carbonic acid diester in a molten state under heating, wherein the carbonic acid diester has a chlorine content of 20 ppm or lower. The copolycarbonate has improved refractive index, balance of dispersion, and photoelastic constant while retaining high impact resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent hue.

Abstract: An aromatic-aliphatic copolycarbonate and a process for producing the same which comprises polycondensation of an aromatic dihydroxy compound, such as 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, tricyclo(5.2.1.02,6)decanedimethanol, and a carbonic acid diester in a molten state under heating, wherein the carbonic acid diester has a chlorine content of 20 ppm or lower. The copolycarbonate has improved refractive index, balance of dispersion, and photoelastic constant while retaining high impact resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent hue.

Abstract: An aromatic-aliphatic copolycarbonate and a process for producing the same which comprises polycondensation of an aromatic dihydroxy compound, such as 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, tricyclo(5.2.1.02,6)decanedimethanol, and a carbonic acid diester in a molten state under heating, wherein the carbonic acid diester has a chlorine content of 20 ppm or lower. The copolycarbonate has improved refractive index, balance of dispersion, and photoelastic constant while retaining high impact resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent hue.

Abstract: A terpolymer represented by formula is useful in particular in electrophotographic imaging members.

Abstract: Chiral organic polymers doped with or appended by nonlinear optical dyes are disclosed. The use of chiral polymers produces a more stable noncentrosymmetric environment for the dye molecules resulting in unexpectedly long relaxation times as compared with previously used organic polymers. In addition, the NLO/chiral polymer materials exhibit high electro-optical coefficients (r33), high nonlinear optical coefficients (d33), improved long-term thermal stability, and at the same time retain the processing advantages associated with organic polymers. Thus, the present NLO/chiral polymer materials are extremely well-suited for use in second-order nonlinear optical and optoelectronics devices.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic-aliphatic copolycarbonate which is excellent in impact resistance and heat resistance and has large Abbe number, small photoelasticity constant, and excellent color tone. The process comprises conducting polycondensation in a reactor made of a stainless steel comprising at least 12 wt % nickel, at least 22 wt % chromium, and at least 50 wt % iron.

Abstract: Porous and non-porous polycarbonate urethane polymers having a set of properties suitable for long term implantation within the body of a mammal. The polycarbonate foams and elastomers, comprise a polycarbonate material that is resistant to attack by invivo agents over extended periods of time. The polycarbonate urethane polymers are prepared by reacting polycarbonate polyols with an isocyanate and a chain extender.

Abstract: A low-birefringent organic optical component comprising a polymer prepared by polymerizing a racemic mixture of the monomer with an asymmetric spiro ring represented by general formula (1) as an essential ingredient; wherein ring A represents a monocyclic or polycyclic organic group, wherein two ring As are mutually bound each other via a spiro bond to form a spiro ring which has a molecular asymmetric structure; n is an integer of 0 to 10; X.sub.1 and Y.sub.1 are binding groups; and Z.sub.1 is a polymerization-active group. The component has excellent transparency, mechanical strength and heat resistance, as well as a low birefringence.

Abstract: A copolycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from bisphenol A and a structural unit derived from 3,9-bis(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro?5,5!undecane or a composition comprising the copolycarbonate resin and an aromatic polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from bisphenol A as a main structural unit is mixed with a release agent and/or an antioxidant as required and is injection-molded to obtain an optical molded article such as a plastic lens which is excellent in impact resistance and hue and well balanced between refractive index and dispersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to non-linear optically active (NLO) polycarbonates and to NLO active waveguides containing these polycarbonates. Waveguides containing these NLO polycarbonates have a low loss of signal, a high glass transition temperature and good polability and a high stability of the Pockel's coefficient.

Abstract: Copolycarbonates having low intrinsic birefringence comprise structural units derived from hydroxyphenylindanol, from resorcinol, alkylenedioic acid or eugenolsiloxane, and, optionally, from a bisphenol, preferably bisphenol A. The copolycarbonates are useful for the fabrication of optical data recording media such as compact disks.

Abstract: Optically active poly(aryl)ether polymers prepared from monomers containing optically pure spirobiindane and/or indane moieties are disclosed. The chiral poly(aryl)ether polymers are of high molecular weight and exhibit high optical rotations. In addition, the polyethers are thermally stable at high temperatures and exhibit excellent hydrolytic resistance making them useful in high temperature processing applications, in the fabrication of optoelectronics devices, and as polarizing coatings and filters.

Abstract: The antioxidants of the formulae I and II ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is methyl or H,R.sub.2 is H or methyl,R.sub.3 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl,R.sub.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, and the group Z is CH.sub.2 or O,are particularly suitable for stabilizing styrene (co)polymers.

Abstract: A polycarbonate composition comprises (a) a substantially chlorine-atom free, aromatic dihydroxy compound/carbonic diester transesterification polycarbonate, and the following components (b), (c) and (d) in specifically, extremely limited amounts, wherein component (b) is at least one metal selected from an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, component (c) is an aromatic monohydroxy compound, and component (d) is at least one member selected from an oligomer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 or less and a residual monomer. This polycarbonate composition is substantially free from occurrence of crazing, even when it experiences moist heat, and especially even when it has been recycled.

Abstract: Polyetherimide polymers prepared from monomers containing indane moieties are disclosed. The high molecular weight indane polyetherimides are transparent, ductile, and exhibit high glass transition temperatures (>200.degree. C.). In addition, the polyetherimides are thermally stable at high temperatures and exhibit good optical properties making them useful in high temperature processing applications, in the fabrication of optoelectronics devices, and in optical applications.

Abstract: Optically active polycarbonate, polyester, and polyurethane polymers prepared from monomers containing optically pure indane moieties are disclosed. The chiral indane polymers are of high molecular weight and exhibit high optical rotations. In addition, the optically active polymers are useful in the fabrication of optoelectronics devices and as polarizing coatings or filters or as polarized lenses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of UV-stable polycarbonates, to the polycarbonates obtainable in accordance with the invention and to their use for the production of sheets, more particularly plastic panels.

Abstract: This invention involves a novel process for preparing branched polycarbonates employing a solid state polycondensation process; specifically, subjecting a linear crystallized oligomer derived from dihydroxydiaryl compound and a diaryl carbonate to solid state polycondensation process by heating the said oligomer at a temperature which is higher than the glass transition temperature but below its melting point in the presence of a multifunctional phenol and an alkali or alkaline metal salt or bisphenol or tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, carboxylate or bicarboxylate catalyst, the reaction being effected under inert atmosphere.

Abstract: Linear indane polycarbonate polymers, both homopolymers and copolymers derived from biphenols and bisphenols are disclosed. The indane polycarbonates have high glass transition temperatures and exhibit good mechanical properties, good thermal stability, and good ductility even at temperatures greater than 150.degree. C. making them useful for high temperature processing applications. In addition, the clear indane polycarbonate compositions exhibit good optical properties.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a non-linear optically active (NLO) side chain polycarbonate and to NLO active waveguides containing said polycarbonate. Waveguides containing this NLO polycarbonate have a low loss of signal. Polycarbonates based on bischloroformates of hexafluorobisphenol A, hexafluorotetrabromobisphenol A and bisphenol S or deuterated bisphenol A or sulphonylbiphenol are especially preferred within the framework of the invention: they were found to give an exceptionally low loss of signal. The invention further pertains to cross-linkable and already cross-linked polycarbonates. Especially preferred polycarbonates according to the invention are those where the diol comprises a rigid donor group. These polycarbonates have a high Tg, which renders them thermally stable.

Abstract: There are disclosed a wholly aromatic polyester represented by formula I with enhanced flame retardance and chemical stability, and a method for the preparing the same. The polymer is prepared in interface polymerization wherein an alkali aqueous phase containing cyclotriphosphagene-containing bisphenols is in contact with an organic phase containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. ##STR1## wherein m and n each are an integer which satisfies the following conditions: 0<m/(m+n)<1 and 0<n/(m+n)<1; X represents --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --CO--, an alkylene group of C.sub.1-4, or an alkylidene group of C.sub.1-4 ; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.4 ' are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group of C.sub.1-4 or the derivatives thereof, respectively.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymers having non-linear optical properties which polymers include fluorene moieties having at least one electron accepting group and at least one electon donating group substituted to different phenyl rings of the fluorene moiety.

Abstract: Polyestercarbonates, particularly those containing aliphatic dicarboxylic acid-derived structural units, are redistributed by heating in the presence of a carbonate redistribution catalyst, and, optionally, a diaryl carbonate. The redistribution products have weight average molecular weights different from, and typically lower than, the initial molecular weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transesterification process for the production of thermoplastic, solventless oligo-/polycarbonates in which aromatic diphenols and carbonic acid diaryl esters are combined and reacted in gaseous form.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polycarbonates having hydroxyl end groups and an average molecular weight of 500 to 12,000, as determined by measuring the OH number, and being based on dimer diols containing either 36 or 44 carbon atoms. These novel polycarbonates are particularly suitable for the use in a process for the production of polyurethane plastics which are stable to hydrolysis and oxidation.