Abstract: A photoconductive layer is produced upon a substrate by coating the substrate with a solution in an organic solvent of a polyamic acid and of 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) and/or 2,3,4,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone and heating the coated substrate at a temperature not exceeding 150.degree. C. to form on the substrate a polyimide coating containing the said fluorenone compound as a photosensitizer.

Abstract: The process for preparing thermoplastic polyether amides or polyether ester amides from lactams, dicarboxylic acids and polyethers having hydroxyl end groups and amino end groups or polyethers having amine end groups is improved.First, a mixture of lactams having at least 8 C atoms with dicarboxylic acids is melted in a molar ratio of 100/7 to 100/120 at temperatures of 230.degree. to 300.degree. C. while being mechanically mixed, in an inert gas atmosphere at ordinary pressure and in the absence of water, until the lactams have been reacted to at least 99%. Then, the polyether bearing the hydroxyl end groups and/or the amino end groups is added in a molar ratio of 1/0.95 to 1/1.05, based on the amount of dicarboxylic acid contained in the molten mixture. Homogenizing is then carried out with further mixing at 230.degree. to 290.degree. C. Lastly, a polycondensation is carried out to completion at 250.degree. to 290.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyether amides of polyether ester amides by polycondensing polyamides bearing carboxyl end groups with polyethers bearing hydroxyl end groups and/or amino end groups at ordinary or reduced pressure, in the presence of catalysts, the polyamides bearing the end groups and the polyethers bearing the end groups first being treated at temperatures from about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. at a water vapor pressure of 5 to 25 bars and with mechanical agitation, and wherein upon removing the water by expansion, the polycondensation is carried to completion. The present invention differs from the prior art in that the polyamides bearing carboxyl groups being used are prepared by melting a mixture of lactams having at least 8 C atoms with dicarboxylic acids in the molar ratio of 100/1 to 100/15 in the presence of a catalyst, in an inert gas atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure and in the absence of water at temperatures from 230.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel copolyester materials having improved weatherability and useful, for example, as films, fibers, sheeting and the like in outdoor applications where long and daily exposure to actinic radiation is encountered. These copolyesters comprise, for example, polyethylene terephthalate containing a total of from about 0.3 to about 5.0%, preferably from about 0.6 to about 2.0% by weight of one or more moieties having the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is cyano, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are, for example, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl which may be substituted with a large variety of groups; and --X-- is ortho, meta, or para to the -ylene linkage and is selected from groups of the formulae ##STR2## wherein R is alkylene of 1-10 carbons, aryl, or cycloalkyl, each of which may be substituted.

Abstract: Electrically photosensitive materials and elements comprising an electrically photosensitive polymeric compound of the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.3, which are the same or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;R.sub.2 and R.sub.4, which are the same or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group;R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which are the same or different, represent hydrogen or an electron withdrawing group;R.sub.7 and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyester having an increased degree of polymerization, which comprises reacting a substantially linear, fiber forming aromatic polyester containing terminal hydroxyl groups and having an aromatic dicarboxylic acid as a main acid component at an elevated temperature with a bis-cyclic imino ether compound of the formula [I] such as 2,2'-bis(2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxadine) thereby bonding the molecular chains of the aromatic polyester to each other by the terminal carboxyl groups thereof to rapidly form said aromatic polyester having an increased degree of polymerization.Said reaction can be carried out under atmospheric or elevated pressure.According to the process, an aromatic polyester having a low terminal caboxyl concentration and an increased degree of polymerization can be obtained.

Abstract: Segmented thermoplastic polyester-amides are described which are prepared by reacting a polymeric diol (molecular weight in the range of 400 to 4000) with a carboxylic acid terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting an aliphatic ether diamine, optionally in admixture with a minor proportion (based on equivalents) of an alkylene diamine, with an excess of dicarboxylic acid (aromatic or aliphatic). The polyester-amides, which can be prepared preferably by the melt condensation method, have excellent physical properties and resistance to degradation by heat.

Abstract: Interaction of ethylene glycol with a preformed polyesterimide resin at elevated temperatures forms mixtures homogeneous and clear at room temperature and also soluble in non-polluting solvents, such as monoethers of glycols.

Abstract: Disclosed are linear, water-dissipatable polyesters and polyesteramides derived from at least one dicarboxylic acid, at least one glycol of which at least 85 mole percent is a polyoxyethylene glycol, and a disulfonamido compound. The polyesters may also contain an unsaturated acid and a difunctional hydroxycarboxylic acid, an aminocarboxylic acid or a diamine. Such polymers are especially useful as adhesives, coatings, films, textile sizes and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are linear, water-dissipatable polyesters and polyesteramides derived from at least one dicarboxylic acid, at least one glycol, and at least one polycarboxylic acid or polyhydric alcohol which contains a sulfonic acid salt moiety derived from a nitrogen-containing base having an ionization constant in water at 25.degree. C. of 10.sup.-3 to 10.sup.-10. The polyesters may also contain an unsaturated acid and a difunctional hydroxycarboxylic acid, an aminocarboxylic acid or a diamine. Such polymers are especially useful as adhesives, coatings, films and the like.

Abstract: Pigment dispersants for use in coating compositions wherein the dispersant is the polymerization product of (i) an alkyl methacrylate having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, (ii) a hardening monomer selected from the group consisting of a styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof, (iii) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof or a monomer having a double bond alpha-beta to a carbonyl group and which provides carboxyl functionality when reacted with water, alcohol, amine or anhydride, (iv) a monomer having a double bond alpha-beta to a carbonyl group and at least one hydroxyl group or a monomer which provides such groups when further reacted with an acid or an epoxide, and (v) a compound providing an amine or amine salt functional moiety.

Abstract: An aromatic bisazomethine prepared from the disubstituted benzidines and aromatic aldehydes, characterized by the general formula ##STR1## wherein each R=COOCH.sub.3, COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5, COOH, CH.sub.2 Cl, CHCl.sub.2, CH.sub.2 Br, CCl.sub.3, Cl or Br andeach R'=Cl, OCH.sub.3 or CH.sub.3.

Abstract: Superior wire enamels comprise polyester imides prepared in the presence of a monobutyl ether of a mixed diglycol having a free secondary hydroxyl group and dissolved in a solvent comprising predominantly a polar oxygenated compound selected from a monoether or monoester of an alkylene, or polyalkylene, glycol. Electrical conductors coated with such enamels are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process to synthesize poly (ether-ester-amide) sequence copolycondensates by the reaction in a molten condition between a dicarboxylic polyamide, in which the carboxylic functions are located at the chain-ends, and a polyoxyalkoylene with hydroxylated chain-ends, in the presence of a catalyst.This reaction is performed continuously in a thin-film reaction space through which the reaction mixture passes continuously under turbulent flow conditions.This process, which involves much shorter reaction times, produces sequence copolycondensates with better mechanical properties than corresponding substances obtained by batch processes.

Abstract: Polyesters, polyamides and polyester-polyamides are flame retarded by incorporating a flame retardant amount of selected poly(metal phosphinate)s with the resins. The poly(metal phosphinate)s can be incorporated with the resins either by admixture of the poly(metal phosphinate)s with the polyester or polyamide or by adding the poly(metal phosphinate)s to the polyester or polyamide polymerization reaction whereby the poly(metal phosphinate)s become a part of the polymer structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are poly(ester-amides) prepared from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylene glycol and a p-acylaminobenzoic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric coating compositions which are at least partially soluble in water.Polyesters, polyesterimides, polyesteramides, polyesteramideimides, polyester hydantoins and polyester urethanes are prepared with free carboxyl or carboxylic acid groups. At least part of the carboxylic acid groups are neutralized with amine containing material producing a coating composition which is at least partially soluble in water. The coating compositions are particularly useful as electric insulating coatings or wire enamels which are readily coated on a metallic or other substrate and when cured from coatings having good electrical and physical properties.

Abstract: Metal complexes of zinc, copper, cobalt and nickel and N-.beta.-hydroxyalkylated or .gamma.-aminoalkylated .alpha.-aminocarboxylic acids which are substituted at the .alpha.-carbon atom have excellent heat resistance, in particular a good heat resistance under oxydative influences. These complexes are also soluble in many starting components used for obtaining specific polymers. They are therefore especially suitable for obtaining copolymers which contain metal ions, for example polyesters, polyurethanes and polyamides. The copolymers can be used for manufacturing moulded articles.

Abstract: Poly-2-pyrrolidone compositions having improved resistance to thermal reversion to pyrrolidone via the incorporation of certain polyesters and methods of melt extruding such compositions.

Abstract: Hair-treatment agents having a content of branched copolyesters dispersible or soluble in water and an apparent molecular weight of 600 to 5000, and having a content of SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M represents an alkali metal ion or ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to compositions containing both amino groups and hydroxyl and/or mercapto groups. The products are obtained by reacting relatively high molecular weight polyols and/or polythiols with less than equivalent quantities of isatoic acid anhydride in two reaction stages.

Abstract: When reacting a dyestuff having hydroxy, acyloxy, carboxy or carbalkoxy groups with a polyester derived from terephthalic and/or isophthalic acid and, per mol of dicarboxylic acid, about 0.75 to 1.5 mol of a low-molecular alkanetriol with primary alcohol groups (methylol groups) or, instead of said polyester, with the corresponding starting materials or precondensates, a polyester with chemically linked dyestuff units is obtained which is useful for dyeing plastics, especially polyolefins. The dyed plastic materials are heat resistant, even when containing fluorescent dyestuff units, transparent and uniformly dyed.

Abstract: A moldable polyester-amide is disclosed characterized in that it is derived from:An aromatic organic diacid (1) whose carboxyl groups are directly attached to an aromatic ring in the para-position;A primary diol (2) of the general formula HO--CH.sub.2 --R--CH.sub.2 --OH in which R represents either a straight aliphatic chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic chain branched by alkyl or aryl groups, or an aromatic ring; andA salt of an organic diacid (3) and a primary diamine of aliphatic character (4);And being further characterized in that it possesses a degree of whiteness equal to or greater than 80% and a luminosity equal to at least 35%, as defined in standard specification ASTM-E 308-66, a number of --NH.sub.2 end groups equal to or greater than 30 per ton of polymer, preferably greater than 40.A shaped article (e.g., a yarn, a film, or a fiber) derived from the aforesaid polyester-amide is also disclosed.

Abstract: The specification describes polyesteramide polymeric materials containing uble bonds which are capable of cross-linking with vinyl or allyl monomers and to which the concurrent presence of ester and amide groups imparts particular characteristics. The specification also describes polyesteramide resins obtained by cross-linking the aforesaid polyesteramide materials with at least one vinyl monomer. The specification further describes a method for the production of the aforesaid polyesteramide materials by the polycondensation of compounds at least part of which comprises amino groups, which groups are already engaged in the amide bond and are not reactive with the double bonds. The specification finally describes fabricated objects, fibers, films and filaments obtained from the aforesaid unsaturated polyesteramide materials.

Abstract: Novel thermoplastic elastomers are disclosed, which are based on copolyesteramides and are composed by a statistically distributed array of soft and hard molecular chains, bonded to each other by ester bonds. These thermoplastic elastomers have shown an improved resistance to heat and hydrocarbonaceous fluids such as fuels, lubricants and the like.

Abstract: A. A novel class of azo compounds R-N.dbd.N-R.sub.1 where R and/or R.sub.1 are groups containing an acylating function, e.g., acyl chloride, chloroformate or anhydride.Example: Cis-4,4'-Azobis-(4-cyanovaleryl chloride).B. a novel class of azo containing polymers(R'--N.dbd.N--C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.2 ') --R.sub.2 "--Y).sub.m --E--(Z).sub.nwherein R' is t-aliphatic, formed by reacting a polymer having at least one group reactive with an acyl group and a compound as in "A" containing only one acylating function. Example: the reaction product of 4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovaleryl chloride and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene liquid resin.C. a novel class of azo containing polymersZ(E--Y--R.sub.2 "--C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.2 ')--N.dbd.N--C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.2 ')--R.sub.2 "--Y).sub.m' --E--Z,formed by the reaction of a compound as in "A" having two acylating functions with (1) a monomer having two acyl-reactive groups and a monomer having two acylating functions, or (2) a polymer having at least one acyl-reactive group.D.