Abstract: New hydroxyl polyesters fluid at room temperature, with low viscosities at relatively high molecular weight and very low setting points have alkyl side chains in substantially regular arrangement along preferably unbranched or only slightly branched polyester chains, and are formed by the reaction of monocarboxylic acids and/or monoalkanols or their esters of ethers or polyester building components with additional polyester-forming derivatives. The new polyesters can be used to special advantage, after functionalization, for coatings or as adhesives. Especially advantageous is the fact that they can be used without solvents or with a very low solvent content.

Abstract: Novel diimide diacids and modified polyetherimide esters are prepared therefrom by reacting diols, dicarboxylic acids and a combination of the novel diimide diacid and dimer acid. These compositions have many excellent properties which make them particularly useful for extrusion and molding applications.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for producing fluorinated pyromellitate surfactants. The process comprises two primary steps. The first step involves reacting pyromellitic dianhydride with fluorinated alcohol at a mole ratio of about two moles of fluorinated alcohol per mole of pyromellitic dianhydride, thereby producing a pyromellitate having two fluorinated esters moieties and two carboxylic acid moieties. Thereafter, the fluorinated pyromellitate with carboxylic acid moieties is reacted with an oxirane compound in the presence of trimellitic anhydride to produce fluorinated pyromellitate mixtures having a reduced percentage of fluorine.

Abstract: A photosensitive image-forming material developable with aqueous alkali developers, which is characterized in that the photosensitive resin having the structural units represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein A represents a linear polyester structural unit containing in its main chain the dicarboxylic acid unit having a photosensitive, unsaturated double bond adjacent to the aromatic ring, and R.sub.1 represents a tetravalent organic group) is contained in the photosensitive layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to:(1) Unsaturated polyesters modified with dicyclopentadienes (DCPD) and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate (THEIC)(2) Blends of such polyesters with polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers(3) The cured products of (1) and (2), and(4) The use of such products in a wide variety of applications including electrical applications, sheets and films thereof, both non-reinforced and reinforced, "B" stage resins, etc.These compositions possess excellent properties and bond strengths at high temperatures.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester, preferably having a stellate molecular structure, with a polyol center and monohydric alcohol connected to the polyol hydroxy moieties through a di- or tri- carboxylic acid link, as well as a process for its synthesis, and use of the compounds in air-drying lacquer binders.

Abstract: An essentially linear resin having a plurality of amide, imide and ester groups therein comprising the condensation product of at least one polycarboxylic acid five member ring-forming reactant, at least one ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid five or six member ring lactam-forming reactant, at least one polyfunctional hydroxy compound, at least one difunctional amino five or six member ring forming reactant, at least one polycarboxylic acid reactant having no more than two carboxylic acid ester forming radicals, and at least one polycarboxylic acid reactant having two or more carboxylic acid ester forming radicals with at least two of the radicals in the 1,2 position relative to each other. The method of forming a solution of a prepolymer having a plurality of amide, imide and ester groups therein in cresylic acid or glycol ether solvents and reacting the same with at least one ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid five or six member ring forming reactant at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: There is provided a curable ether modified polyester resin composition comprising the reaction product of (a) at least one dicarboxylic acid, (b) at least one aliphatic polyol, and (c) at least one aromatic bis (ether dianhydride) or the corresponding tetracarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of polyetherester polyols which have hydroxyester groups terminally bound via ester groups to high molecular weight polyether polyol segments. These are produced by first reacting high molecular weight polyoxyalkylene ether polyols with molecular weights of from about 400 to 10,000 with an excess of dicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acid anhydrides or dicarboxylic acid esters, and then reacting the intermediate product in a further stage with an excess of diols, based on carboxyl groups.The new, high molecular weight polyetherester polyols thus consist of polyoxyalkylene ether segments, which have terminal ester segments in each case with terminal hydroxyl groups per end group.Moreover, the use is claimed of the high molecular weight polyetherester polyols as polyhydroxyl compounds for forming polyurethanes.

Abstract: A photosensitive image-forming material having a photosensitive layer, said photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive resin resulting from the reaction of a hydroxyl-containing polyester precursor composed of dicarboxylic acid units derived from a dicarboxylic acid having a photosensitive unsaturated double bond adjacent to an aromatic ring and glycol units with a chain extender having in the molecule at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the hydroxyl groups of the polyester precursor.

Abstract: Thermosetting adhesive and sealing compositions are described, consisting of:(a) 70 to 95 wt.-% of polyesters with a glass transition temperature below 20.degree. C., mixed in some cases with a polycarboxylic acid anhydride,(b) 5 to 30 wt.-% of polyoxazolines which contain at least 2 oxazoline groups per molecule, the polyoxazolines being suspended in the polyesters,(c) 0 to 4 wt.-% of paraffin and(d) optionally additional 1 to 50 weight-percent of the total amount of the components, of reactive or nonreactive diluents and/or additives and/or fillers.

Abstract: Copolyester polyol resins comprising the reaction product of an aromatic component selected from phthalic derivatives, polyethylene terephthalate, or dimethyl terephthalate, an aliphatic component selected from certain dibasic compounds, at least one primary hydroxyl glycol, and at least small amounts of a secondary hydroxyl glycol, the mole ratios of the components being:(a) glycols to aromatic plus aliphatic component of from about 1.3 to 2:1;(b) aromatic component to aliphatic component of from about 0.6 to 4.0:1;(c) a secondary to primary hydroxyl glycol of from 0.05 to 0.4:1; and(d) ethylene glycol content to aromatic component of from about 0.01 to 0.5:1.0.The invention also comprises polyol blends utilizing from 30 percent up to 90 percent of such resins and resultant polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate foams made by reacting such polyol blends with polymeric polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate.

Abstract: Novel poly(etherimide esters) are prepared by reacting a diol, a dicarboxylic acid, a poly(oxy alkylene) diamine and a tricarboxylic acid having two vicinal carboxyl groups or the anhydride thereof.

Abstract: Novel polyetherimide esters are prepared from diols, dicarboxylic acids and polyoxyalkylene diimide diacids. These compositions have many excellent properties which make them particularly useful for extrusion and molding applications.

Abstract: Polyetherimide esters are prepared from low molecular weight diols and polyoxyalkylene diimide diacids or the reactants therefore. These compositions are suitable for use in hot melt adhesives.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for producing fluorinated pyromellitate surfactants. The process comprises two primary steps. The first step involves reacting pyromellitic dianhydride with fluorinated alcohol at a mole ratio of about two moles of fluorinated alcohol per mole of pyromellitic dianhydride, thereby producing a pyromellitate having two fluorinated esters moieties and two carboxylic acid moieties. Thereafter, the fluorinated pyromellitate with carboxylic acid moieties is reacted with an oxirane compound in the presence of trimellitic anhydride to produce fluorinated pyromellitate mixtures having a reduced percentage of fluorine.

Abstract: A primer coated, oriented plastic film material is provided wherein the primer is applied in an aqueous medium comprising a water dispersible copolyester consisting essentially of the condensation product of components A, B, C, and D or their polyester forming equivalents as follows:(A) about 60 to 75 mole percent of terephthalic acid;(B) about 15 to 25 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOH, wherein n ranges from about 1-11;(C) greater than from about 6 up to about 15 mole percent of at least one sulfomonomer containing an alkali metal sulfonate group attached to a dicarboxylic aromatic nucleus, and(D) stoichiometric quantities, i.e., about 100 mole percent of at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkylene glycol copolymerizable therewith having about from 2 to 11 carbon atoms.The copolyester priming layer may be applied to the plactic film at any suitable stage during manufacture of the film, i.e., before or during the stretching operations.

Abstract: Alkyd resin mixtures for use in stoving water lacquers which contain polyols having an average molecular weight of from 200 to 2000 g/mole, an average --OH functionality of >2, and terminal groups of the formula, --CHR--OH in which R=--H, --CH.sub.3, or both --H and --CH.sub.3.

Abstract: Process for the production of alkyd resins having a final acid number of not more than 40 and a high --OH number for use in water lacquers. The resins of the invention can be made up with the aid of aminoalcohols containing more than two hydroxyl groups into optically clear water lacquers which are distinguished both by their lack of environmental problems and also by their advantageous lacquer properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to new emulsifiable polyester waxes which are linear polyester waxes which are end capped with polyfunctional organic anhydrides. The emulsifiable polyester waxes are generally amorphous or semicrystalline solids with melting points less than about 100.degree. C. These polyester waxes are useful in preparing clear emulsions which can be applied to surfaces to form protective and decorative films or coatings.

Abstract: Preparation of hydrolyzable polyester resin comprising reacting polycarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol components, which is characterized by using, as at least part of said polyhydric alcohol component, a metallic salt of hydroxy carboxylic acid of the formula defined and effecting the polycondensation at a temperature which is no more than the decomposition temperature of said metallic salt. The polyester resins are useful as resinous vehicle of varnishes and antifouling paints.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolyester compositions derived from about 65-100 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, about 65-100 mole % 1,4-butanediol and about 15-35 mole % of a compound selected from the group consisting of dimer acid and dimer glycol. These copolyesters are resistant to gamma radiation.

Abstract: Alkyd resins useful in forming stoving lacquers, containing the reaction product of a polybasic carboxylic acid or reactive derivative thereof and a polyhydric alcohol which is itself the reaction product of an epoxidized fatty acid ester, fatty acid amide or fatty alcohol and an alcohol or phenol, and, optionally, a monofunctional modifying agent.

Abstract: Alkyd resins containing functional epoxides as long-chain modifying agents. The functional epoxides used are selected from the following:(a) epoxidized unsaturated fatty alcohols containing from 16 to 22 C-atoms,(b) esters of epoxidized fatty acids and monofunctional alcohols containing from 1 to 18 C-atoms,(c) epoxidized triglycerides,(d) reaction products of epoxidized triglycerides containing in the molecule epoxide groups and secondary hydroxyl groups formed by ring opening.The alkyd resins according to the invention are distinguished by particularly good weathering properties.

Abstract: Composite suture of multifilament silk embedded in a highly flexible, hydrophobic highly deformable matrix made of thermoplastic elastomer. This suture exhibits minimal irritation to living tissue and retains its strength in vivo for extended periods of time and also retains the desirable handling qualities of silk. The suture is prepared by treating a multifilament silk suture with a solution of a suitable polymer in a solvent and heating the moving suture to obtain a continuous impregnation of the silk with the elastomer.

Abstract: This invention is a method of making and polymer of heat resistant polyester, being characterized by the reaction product of a polyester which consists of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a glycol with 2-6 carbons reacted with 0.2-5 weight % of a bifunctional epoxy compound which is expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is benzene ring, naphthalene ring, cyclohexane ring, cyclohexene ring or pyridine ring; and R may have a substitution group to keep the amount of the end carboxyl groups below 15 gram equivalents per 10.sup.6 grams of polymer.

Abstract: An essentially linear polyester oligomer having hydroxyl and carboxyl terminal groups for subsequent cure and its production are disclosed. This polyester oligomer is produced by first adducting approximately equimolar amounts of diol carrying two primary hydroxyl groups and a dicarboxylic acid anhydride to form an hydroxy acid. The carboxyl groups of this hydroxy acid are then esterified by reaction with an approximately stoichiometric proportion of diol carrying one primary hydroxyl group and one secondary hydroxyl group, the stoichiometry being based on the total hydroxyl content of the diol and the carboxyl content of the hydroxy acid, to form an hydroxyl-terminated oligomer. This hydroxyl-terminated oligomer is then adducted with a polycarboxylic acid monoanhydride having a carboxyl functionality of at least 3, this monoanhydride being used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15 equivalents of anhydride per hydroxyl equivalent in the hydroxyl-terminated oligomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymers prepared by reacting cyanuric acid and ethylene carbonate in situ to form the corresponding Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate-containing polymers including polyesters, polyester-imides, polyester-amide-imides, oil-modified derivatives thereof, etc. This invention also relates to such products employed as electrical insulation.

Abstract: Polyester copolymers prepared by a non-equilibrium, two-stage process conducted without external catalysts have relatively high polydispersity and low viscosity, permitting the preparation of high solids paints.

Abstract: Disclosed are crystalline polyesters having low melt viscosities, and thermosetting compositions comprising these polyesters. The compositions are especially useful as powder coatings. At least 40 mole percent of the acid moiety is a terephthalic or isophthalic acid moiety, and the polyester contains as moieties of the dihydric alcohol about 40-100 mole percent 1,6-hexanediol, the polyester being further characterized as having a molecular weight of about 700-3000, a melt viscosity of about 50-3000 cps at 160.degree. C. and a hydroxyl number of about 30-160.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to novel .epsilon.-caprolactone co-polyesters which when combined with diisocyanates are useful as binders in solid urethane-type propellant formulations. Said co-polyesters are prepared by the reaction, (in the presence of a catalyst for the reaction) and a dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The reaction of polymers containing carboxyl groups with organic nitrogen bases which have certain structural features leads to highly reactive products which are eminently suitable as binder components for powder lacquers which may be hardened with polyepoxides.

Abstract: A process for the production of oligomeric mixtures useful as surfactants is disclosed. The initial step of the process comprises reacting pyromellitic dianhydride with a fluoroalcohol using a mole ratio of about one mole pyromellitic dianhydride per two moles of fluoroalcohol to produce an intermediate which contains two fluorinated ester moieties and two free acid moieties. Thereafter, the intermediate diester-diacid is reacted with an excess of an oxirane compound such as epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin or propylene oxide wherein said oxirane compound reacts with the free acid moieties to produce ester moieties containing a primary or secondary alcohol moiety. In the final step of the process, additional pyromellitic dianhydride is added to the reaction mixture so that the alcohol moieties may react with anhydride moieties to produce ester linking groups (between pyromellitate nuclei) and additional free acid moieties capable of reacting with the oxirane compound.

Abstract: There is disclosed an aromatic, melt-processible, fiber-forming (co)polyester of a specified formula having recurring hydroxy-acid units bonded to a specified tie-point moiety, 2-4 different recurring hydroxy-acid units being present and one being present in from about 20-80 mole percent while the other different recurring unit(s) are present in a total of from about 80-20 mole percent. There are also disclosed fibers and other shaped articles made therefrom. Some of the disclosed (co)polyesters are mesogenic.

Abstract: Copolyester polyol resins comprising the reaction product of an aromatic component, an aliphatic component selected from certain dibasic compounds, at least one primary hydroxyl glycol, and at least one secondary hydroxyl glycol, the mole ratios of the components being:(i) glycols to aromatic plus aliphatic component of about 1.3 to 2:1,(ii) aliphatic component to aromatic component of about 0.3 to 1.7:1, and(iii) primary glycol to secondary glycol of about 0.6 to 2.5:1.The invention also comprises foamable blends utilizing such resins and resultant polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Water soluble polyester compositions which, upon cure, are water insoluble. These water-based polyesters are made utilizing hydantoin compounds with salts of a compound containing a sulfo acid group therein. Such compositions are useful as coatings, paints, and the like and eliminate any recovery problems or toxicity problems normally related with many organic solvents.

Abstract: A water dilutable polyester having a good resistance to hydrolysis based on(A) at least one dicarboxylic acid unit,(B) at least one polycarboxylic monoanhydride and(C) at least one alcohol component containing at least dihydric alcohol,the COOH groups of the polyester being at least partially present in the form of salts with amine, characterized in that the polyester is also derived from(D) at least one epoxy compound which contains at least two oxiran rings and is selected from the group consisting of epoxidized fatty acids, derivatives thereof and epoxidized aliphatic hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof with up to 30% of monoepoxides, the percentage being based on the epoxy groups, and in that the polycarboxylic monoanhydride (B) is incorporated in the form of a half ester and is other than phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such polyester, its use in a coating composition and to articles coated with such coating compositions.

Abstract: A method of insulating an electrical conductor by applying thereto a coating of a polyesterimide resin which can be hardened through its free OH groups from a resin melt at above 100.degree. C., wherein the resin used is solvent-free and has been prepared by esterification or ester-exchange of starting materials for the polyesterimide in the presence of an excess of one or more short-chain diols and subsequent removal of the diol or diols in such a way that the condensation is only effected to an extent such that the Durrans softening point of the unhardened resin is not above 150.degree. C. (preferably not above 100.degree. C.) and the viscosity of the molten resin at 180.degree. C. is not above 5000 (preferably not above 1000) mPa s (cP). This process avoids the disadvantages encountered when a solvent is present in the insulating bath.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolyesters characterized by relatively high glass transition temperatures and low oxygen permeability, the copolyesters being derived fromA. 100 mol % of an acid component comprising about 5-75 mol % isophthalic acid and about 95-25 mol % 4-carboxy-N-(carboxymethyl)phthalimide, andB. 100 mol % of a glycol component, at least 80 mol % of said glycol component being ethylene glycol.

Abstract: Disclosed are crystalline polyesters having low melt viscosities, and thermosetting compositions comprising these polyesters. The compositions are especially useful as powder coatings. At least 40 mole percent of the acid moiety is a terephthalic or isophthalic acid moiety, and the polyester contains as moieties of the dihydric alcohol about 40-100 mole percent 1,6-hexanediol, the polyester being further characterized as having a molecular weight of about 700-3000, a melt viscosity of about 50-3000 cps at 160.degree. C. and a hydroxyl number of about 30-160.

Abstract: An elastomeric copolyester resin having high melt strength and capable of being blow-molded. The copolyester resin is made by adding to the polymerizing or initial mixture small amounts of a heat stable chain branching agent having three or more carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, or combinations thereof. The copolyester resin contains units of terephthalic acid, butane diol, polytetramethylene glycol, and dimer acid.

Abstract: Photo-crosslinkable, novel polymers with side tricyclic imidyl groups, for example those of the formula ##STR1## are described. The novel photo-crosslinkable polymers are suitable for photo-mechanical applications, for example for the production of printing plates for the offset printing process and especially as photo-resists. They have high UV absorption and ensure a high rate of crosslinking even without the addition of photosensitizers.

Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomeric polyetheresterimidescomprising a multiplicity of long chain esterimide units being represented by the formula ##STR1## and short chain esterimide units being represented by the formula ##STR2## where G is a divalent radical remaining after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from a poly(alkylene oxide) glycol having a number average molecular weight of about 400-4000; D is a divalent radical remaining after the removal of hydroxyl groups from a diol having a molecular weight less than about 300 and Q is a divalent radical remaining after removal of amino groups from an aliphatic primary diamine having a molecular weight less than 350; with the provisos that from about 0.5 to 5 of said short chain esterimide units are present for each of said long chain esterimide units and that said polyetheresterimide has a softening point of at least 160.degree. C.

Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomeric polyetheresterimides comprising a multiplicity of long chain ester imide units represented by the formula ##STR1## and short chain esterimide units represented by the formula ##STR2## where G is a divalent radical remaining after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from a poly(alkylene oxide) glycol having a number average molecular weight of about 400-4000; D is a divalent radical remaining after removal of hydroxyl groups from a diol having a molecular weight less than about 300, and Q is a divalent radical remaining after removal of an amino group and a carboxyl group from a aliphatic primary amino acid having a molecular weight of less than 250; with the proviso that from about 2 to 10 of said short chain esterimide units are present for each of said long chain esterimide units.

Abstract: A copolyester resin having modified carboxyl terminated ends is disclosed, as well as the method for making and using that compound with epoxide curing compounds in powder coating resins for substrates. The polymerization of the copolyester resin contains a reactor compounding stage which permits the reaction of the carboxyl termini with a curing reaction catalyst prior to any compounding or mixing of the modified copolyester resin with the epoxide curing compounds. The modification to these end groups of the copolyester resin creates activated termini which, although stable of themselves, react more rapidly, when the modified copolyester resin is compounded with the epoxide curing compounds and subsequently heated on the substrate, than with the conventional introduction of the epoxide catalyst during final compounding.

Abstract: A copolyester resin having modified termini is disclosed, as well as the method for making and using that compound in subsequent reactions with epoxide curing compounds. The polymerization of the copolyester resin may include a compounding preparation stage for modifying the termini of the copolyester resin by reacting those end groups with an aromatic acid to alter the activation energy necessary to cure the modified copolyester resin with the epoxide compound upon mixing and heating of that mixture in a powder coating upon a substrate. The modified copolyester resin improves impact strength and leveling properties between 300.degree. and 450.degree. F., which is desirable for protection of the underlying substrate.

Abstract: By mixing and reacting an alkali metal silicate, a substituted monohydroxy organic compound and a polycarboxylic acid and/or polycarboxylic acid anhydride, polyester silicate resinous products are produced which may be utilized as molding powder, coating agent, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolyesterethers having an inherent viscosity of from about 0.8 to about 1.5 comprisingA. a dicarboxylic acid component consisting essentially of 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid having a trans isomer content of at least 70%, andB. a glycol component consisting essentially of(1) 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and(2) from about 15 to about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the polyesterether, of polytetramethyleneether glycol having a molecular weight of about 500 to about 1100,C. from about 0.1 to about 1.5 mole %, based on the mole % of the acid or glycol component, of a branching agent having at least three COOH or OH functional groups and from 3 to 60 carbon atoms,said copolyesterethers being characterized by having a die swell of between about -90% and about +100% and a minimum crystallization time of less than 2.5 minutes.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene polycarboxylate ester is used for imparting soil release properties to textiles such as all polyester fabric either alone or in combination with other textile chemicals.

Abstract: A copolyester resin having modified termini is disclosed, as well as the method for making and using that compound in subsequent reactions with epoxide curing compounds. The polymerization of the copolyester resin may include a compounding preparation stage for modifying the termini of the copolyester resin by reacting those end groups with an aromatic acid to alter the activation energy necessary to cure the modified copolyester resin with the epoxide compound upon mixing and heating of that mixture in a powder coating upon a substrate. The modified copolyester resin improves impact strength and leveling properties between 300.degree. and 450.degree. F., which is desirable for protection of the underlying substrate.