Abstract: A monomer to produce polybenzimidazole is dissolved in polyphosphoric acid. For example, polysulfated phenylene sulfonic acid (acidic group-possessing polymer) is further dissolved in this solution. In this procedure, the acidic group-possessing polymer and the monomer are adsorbed to one another in accordance with the acid-base interaction. When the monomer is polymerized, for example, by means of dehydration polymerization in this state, then polybenzimidazole is synthesized, and the polybenzimidazole and the acidic group-possessing polymer are compatibilized with each other to produce a compatibilized polymer. When the compatibilized polymer is deposited as a solid, and the solid is separated from polyphosphoric acid, then the compatibilized polymer is obtained. A proton conductive solid polymer electrolyte as a final product is manufactured by forming the compatibilized polymer to have a predetermined shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a solution of a polymer comprising recurring azole units, which comprises dissolving a sufficiently dried polymer comprising recurring azole units of the formula where the radicals Ar, Ar1 and Ar2 are tetravalent, divalent or trivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic groups and the radicals X, which are identical within a repeating unit, are each an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or an amino group bearing a hydrogen atom, a group having 1–20 carbon atoms, preferably a branched or unbranched alkyl or alkoxy group, or an aryl group as further radical, in N,N-dimethylacetamide having a sufficiently low water content at a temperature above room temperature under an inert gas atmosphere, wherein a sufficiently dried polymer comprising recurring azole units of the formula (1) or (2) of which 90% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer comprising recurring azole units has a particle size of less than 1 mm is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified polybenzimidazole (PBI), membranes that are fabricated from these polymers, and their use in electrochemical applications. These membranes have high ionic conductivity and are suitable for solid polymer electrolytes in electrochemical applications, especially for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a coating composition comprising a compound comprising at least one bicyclo-orthoester group and at least one other functional group. The invention also comprises a process for curing the present coating composition. Further, a process for making a bicyclo-orthoester-functional compound from the corresponding oxetane compound is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating nucleic acid molecules, preferably open circular and supercoiled plasmid DNA and RNA molecules from each other, comprising the steps of providing a solution comprising the molecules; adsorbing the molecules to adsorbing groups on a carrier; and optionally washing the column with a suitable solution. The present process is especially suitable for large-scale isolation of supercoiled ccc DNA to be used in gene therapy.

Abstract: A polymer comprising: a polymeric backbone comprising at least one unit having the structure (I), wherein R-R4 comprise groups selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C12 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C7-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 cycloalkyl or any of the group consisting of C1-C12 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C7-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 cycloalkyl substituted, within the carbon chain or appended thereto, with one or more heteroatoms; R and R2 or R and R4 or R and R1 or R2 and R3 may be joined so that with the carbon atom(s) to which they are attached they together form a saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated ring system respectively, may have a pendent group which may incorporate a linker unit, (for example a peptide linkage) or a unit having the structure (I); A comprises a proton donating moiety selected from the group consisting of formula (1).

Abstract: There are disclosed polybenzoxazole precursors which can be processed by centrifugal techniques, which can be cyclized to polybenzoxazoles on substrates without difficulty, and which after cyclization to polybenzoxazoles exhibit a high temperature stability. In particular, these precursors and the polybenzoxazoles prepared from them possess high resistance against the diffusion of metals.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel polyhydroxyamide compounds that, in the form of their oxazoles, ane suited as a coating material, particularly for electronic components. The invention also relates to a method for producing these novel compounds and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A polyamide, the enzymatic reaction product of at least one polyamine and diester, and processes for preparing and using the same. In addition, processes for preparing and using the enzymatic reaction product as creping adhesives and wet strength resins to make cellulose products.

Abstract: Hot melt adhesives are prepared using thermoplastic polyamides derived from polymerized fatty acid components. The adhesives are particularly useful for bonding nonpolar substrates such as poly-&agr;-olefins.

Abstract: Stabilizing mixtures for organic polymers comprising: a) at least one compound belonging to the group of pyrazolones; b) at least one compound belonging to the group of organic phosphites or phosphonites; c) at least one compound belonging to the group of sterically hindered phenols; and d) at least one compound belonging to the group of sterically hindered amines. The above mixtures are useful in the stabilization to degradation caused by oxygen, heat and/or light, of organic polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of polycondensate solutions based on polyamidoamine/epichlorohydrin resins that gives products having a very low content of organic chlorine compounds, in particular a 1,3-dichlorophenol-2-propanol content of <0.1%, in combination with high activity and good shelf-life.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cationic coating composition capable of forming a coating film which is excellent in a corrosion resistance and an adhesive property and an electrodepositably coating property toward a rust preventive steel plate (zinc-plated steel plate). The cationic coating composition described above comprises as a vehicle component, a polyol-modified, amino group-containing epoxy resin prepared by reacting an epoxy resin (A) having an epoxy equivalent of 180 to 2500 with a polyol compound (B) obtained by adding caprolactone to a compound having plural active hydrogen groups and an amino group-containing compound (C).

Abstract: A curable epoxy composition comprises an epoxy resin having at least 1.5 epoxy groups per molecule and an amine-terminated polyamide. The liquid amine-terminated polyamide is prepared by reacting a long-chain, C20-C60 dicarboxylic acid or derivative with an amine having a general formula of R1—NH—R2—NH—R3.

Abstract: A method of production of a homopolymer or copolymer or homo-oligomer or co-oligomer product characterised in that the product is obtained by condensation reaction of a diaminoanthracene, substituted or not, optionally with a diiminoanthracene substituted or not in the absence of anthraquinone substituted or not.

Abstract: A flexible printed substrate is constituted of metallic foil and provided thereon a polyimide layer which is produced by forming a film of a polyamic acid varnish on the metallic foil, followed by imidating. The polyimide layer has a linear expansion coefficient of 10×10−6 to 30×10−6 (1/K) and a softening point not more than the imidation temperature.

Abstract: A polymeric furanone magenta colorant is disclosed that contains a furanone magenta chromophore having a furanone adduct, the adduct containing at least one alkoxylated phenyl radical, the chromophore further being derived from at least one aromatic aldehyde having a para-nitrogen and containing electron donating groups selected from the group consisting of alkyls, cycloalkyls, and oligomers or polymers derived from alkyleneoxy or aryleneoxy moieties. The colorant can be utilized in resins, waxes and inks.

Abstract: A process of increasing the melt processing of synthetic polyamides, in particular pigmented and/or filled synthetic polyamide, by adding thereto an additive having the formula (I) wherein R1 represents a methyl group as such or in the form of a stabilizer masterbatch composition. The invention also relates to modified synthetic polyamides obtainable by this process having improved properties due to the stabilization effect of the compound of the above formula (I).

Abstract: A process for crosslinking a melt-processed polymer composition comprises the steps of (a) forming a polymerizable mixture comprising (i) at least one monoethylenically-unsaturated monomer or prepolymer and (ii) at least one monoethylenically-unsaturated, blocked mono- or polyisocyanate that is thermally stable at a selected melt processing temperature range and that is thermally deblockable at and above a deblocking temperature that is higher than the selected melt processing temperature range; (b) exposing the polymerizable mixture to transmissive energy to polymerize the mixture to form a polymer composition comprising polymerized units derived from the blocked mono- or polyisocyanate; (c) melt processing the polymer composition at the selected melt processing temperature range to form a melt-processed polymer composition; and (d) during melt processing or thereafter, increasing the temperature of the melt-processed polymer composition to the deblocking temperatures in the presence of at least one isocyana

Abstract: A water-soluble thermosetting resin giving high wet-strength of paper and excellent preservation stability which comprises 20% by weight or less of components having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less; and a water-soluble thermosetting resin giving high wet-strength of paper in which, in a reverse mutation test carried out for the resin as the object to be tested using histidine-requiring Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 strain, the number of reversant colonies generated is less than twice the number of reversant colonies in the solvent control, treated only the solvent as a reference liquid are provided; and a process for producing an aqueous cationic thermosetting resin solution giving excellent preservation stability of the solution which comprises a step of reacting polyamidepolyamine and epihalohydrin, and a step wherein the solution obtained by reacting polyamidepolyamine and epihalohydrin is held at a temperature of about 30 to about 70° C. for a period, while adjusting the pH to about 2 to about 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to resin systems useful for imparting dry-strength to paper without substantially increasing the paper's wet-strength wherein the resin system comprises a cationic component and an anionic component. The invention also relates to the process for incorporating these resin systems into paper and the paper produced containing the resin systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly branched polyamide oligomer of the general formula (I) as hereinabove defined, to the process for preparing and branched oligomers and to different uses thereof. As well known to the man skilled in the art, the implementations and efficacy of the different polyamide oligomers may vary, depending on their structure and valency (reactive groups composition). Polyamide oligomers may be used, for example, as epoxy hardeners in the preparation of thermosetting compositions, as thermoplastic hot melt adhesives, as adhesion promoters and many other suitable applications. The highly branched oligomers disclosed have been shown to be highly efficient, for example, as epoxy hardeners, inter alia, in the formation of glue, lacquer, enamel or sealant mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a high-molecular polyamide or polyester by melt-mixing polyamide or polyester having a lower molecular weight with a carbonyl bislactam having formula 1, in which n=an integer of between 3 and 15.

Abstract: 1. Synthetic polyamide comprising one or more of the following compounds: a) a compound having at least one sterically hindered amino group, [hereinafter referred to as compounds a)]; or b) a trimesinic acid trialkylamide, at least one alkyl group of which bears at least one free amino and/or alkylamino group [hereinafter referred to as compounds b)]; or c) a trialkylamino-substituted triazine, at least one alkyl group of which carries a free amino and/or alkylamino group [hereinafter referred to as compounds c)]; or d) a dyestuff that is free of sulphonic acid groups and contains at least one group that is reactive to a hydroxy and/or amino group [hereinafter referred to as compounds d)]; or e) a synthetic polyamide containing at least one group that is reactive with a hydroxy and/or amino group [hereinafter referred to as compounds e)].

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional glyoxylated compounds and compositions containing the same are disclosed which are particularly suitable for use as crosslinking components in curable compositions and also find use in imparting wet adhesion properties to water-based paints and coatings. A process for preparing novel polyfunctional glyoxylated compounds is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible industrial adhesive composition which effectively bonds thermoplastic polymer substrates and substrates having low stiffness such as fabric, rubbers and asphaltic materials, to materials selected from metals, fabrics, rubbers, engineered materials, and concrete, said flexible industrial adhesive composition comprising:(a) one or more epoxy resin(s) having an average of at least 1.5 epoxy groups per molecule;(b) a liquid amine terminated polyamide prepared by reacting at least one C.sub.18-50 dicarboxylic acid and an aminoalkylpiperazine in a ratio of moles of aminoalkylpiperazine to equivalents of carboxyl group in the acid of greater than 0.75:1;(c) one or more optional polyamine(s); and(d) one or more optional filler(s);wherein the tensile modulus of the flexible industrial adhesive composition is less than 500,000 psi and the tensile elongation of the flexible industrial adhesive composition is greater than 10%.

Abstract: A method for binding ceramic materials in aqueous media is disclosed. The method utilizes water-soluble cross-linked polyamides prepared by condensation polymerization for binding various classes of ceramic materials.

Abstract: Polyamides and process for their preparation comprising eitherA) epoxidizing an unsaturated or partially hydrogenated fatty acid glyceride;B) transesterifying the epoxidized glyceride with a C.sub.1-4 alkanol to obtain epoxidized fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters;C) ring opening and dimerizing the epoxidized fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters; andD) reacting the dimerized fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters with a polyamine to obtain a polyamide; orA) transesterifying an unsaturated or partially hydrogenated glyceride with a C.sub.14 alkanol to obtain olefinically unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters;B) epoxidizing the unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters;C) ring opening and dimerizing the epoxidized fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters; andD) reacting the dimerized fatty acid C.sub.1-4 alkyl esters with a polyamine to obtain a polyamide.

Abstract: Condensation products of basic amino acids with copolymerizable compounds which are obtainable by condensing(a) a basic amino acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, arginine, ornithine, tryptophane and mixtures thereof,(b) a copolymerizable compound selected from the group consisting of saturated monobasic carboxylic acids, unsaturated mono-basic carboxylic acids, polybasic carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid anhydrides, diketenes, monohydroxycarboxylic acids, polyhydroxycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof, and optionally(c) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amines, lactams, non-proteinogenic acids, alcohols, alkoxylated alcohols, alkoxylated amines, amino sugars, carbohydrates and sugar carboxylic acidsin a molar ratio of (a):(b) of from 100:1 to 1:1 at a temperature of at least 120.degree. C., and a process for the production of said condensation products by condensing compounds (a) and (b) and optionally (c) at a temperature of from 120.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A hexafluoropropene oxide polymer of formula (1) having a dispersity Mw/mn of up to 1.10 is useful as a raw material for liquid rubber. In formula (1), R is --COF, --I, --Br, --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --COOR.sup.1 or --CONR.sup.2 R.sup.3 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen or monovalent C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbon groups which may contain N, O, Si or S, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form a ring with the N atom, Rf is a C.sub.1-6 perfluoroalkylene group or a C.sub.2-10 perfluorooxyalkylene group, and x+y=30 to 400.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctonal glyoxylated compounds and compositions containing the same are disclosed which are particularly suitable for use as crosslinking components in curable compositions and also find use in imparting wet adhesion properties to water-based paints and coatings. A process for preparing novel polyfunctional glyoxylated compounds is also disclosed.

Abstract: Six-membered cyclic carbonates (2-oxo-1,3-dioxanes) in which keto or carbohydrocarbyloxy groups are bound to the 5 position of the ring are disclosed. They react surprising quickly with primary or secondary cyclic amines, and the novel product hydroxyurethanes are useful as reactive diluents.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition containing a) an epoxy resin, b) a liquid amine terminated polyamine curing agent prepared by condensing an aminoalkylpiperazine and a dicarboxylic acid, and (c) water. An aqueous dispersion of the amine terminated polyamine curing agent used in this invention is useful as a curing agent for water borne applications.

Abstract: A class of rigid rod and latter polymers having light emitting capability is provided. Included in this class of polymers are those having novel repeating structural units. These rigid rod and ladder polymers are employed in light emitting diodes.

Abstract: There is provided a curing agent composition for epoxy resins and two component curable epoxy resin compositions. The curing agent is made by reacting at least a b) substituted aryl amidopolyamine with a c) monoglycidyl capping agent, where the substituted aryl amidopolyamine is made by reacting at least:bi) a phenolic compound substituted with at least one carboxyl group and at least one hydrocarbyl group having at least 1 carbon atom, andbii) an aliphatic polyamine compound having at least two primary amine groups.The curing agent is storage stable for at least 6 months. There is also provided a two component epoxy resin composition, which advantageously can be made in the absence of external catalysts/accelerators, and can cure within 24 hours at the low temperature of 4.4.degree. C. The two component epoxy resin composition also exhibits excellent compatibility between the curing agent and the epoxy resin, thus reducing or eliminating the need for an induction time.

Abstract: An improved polybenzimidazole wherein the total concentration of metals other than alkali metal and alkaline earth metals is 10 ppm or less. The resulting polybenzimidazole is industrially useable in parts or components of apparatus for the manufacture of semiconductors and display devices.

Abstract: A method for binding ceramic materials in aqueous media is disclosed. The method utilizes water-soluble polyamides prepared by condensation polymerization for binding various classes of ceramic materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyamic acids and to methods for converting polyamic acid into polyimidebenzoxazole polymers. The polyamic acids are prepared by reacting a dianhydride with a diaminobenzoxazole under conditions sufficient to form polyamic acid with an inherent viscosity of greater than 2.0 dL/gram, as measured at 0.2 g/dL in N-methyl-pyrrolidinone at 25.degree. C. The polyamic acids are converted to polyimidebenzoxazole in the form of films, fiber, coatings and the like using thermal and chemical processes.

Abstract: The invention is relative to weather-resistant polyamides and to methods of their production in which the polymerization or polycondensation of the polyamide-forming monomers (I) is carried out in the presence of 0.02 to 0.7% by weight 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperdine (II), 0 to 0.5% by weight of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diamine (III) carrying a primary and a tertiary amino group and 0.02 to 0.7% by weight of a 2,6-dialkylphenol (IV) functionalized in 4-position to the OH group and with the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different alkyl groups with 1 to 6 C atoms, R.sup.3 is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, functional group A represents either a free carboxyl group or a carboxyl group esterified with C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A method for binding ceramic materials in aqueous media is disclose. The method utilizes water-soluble polyamides prepared by condensation polymerization for binding various classes of ceramic materials.

Abstract: Improved process for producing a polybenzimidazole compound in solution by dissolving a fully dried polybenzimidazole of the following general formula (1) or (2) in N,N-dimethylacetamide of a sufficiently reduced water content at an elevated temperature of 260.degree. C. or higher in an inert gas atmosphere and a solution of the polybenzimidazole compound produced by the process. The solution remains useful for an extended time without using metal salts or any other stabilizers: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 are tetra-, di- and trivalent aromatic groups, respectively; R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group; n is an integer of 2 or more.

Abstract: A new class of polyarylene co-polymers include repeating units comprising one or more arylene units having the general formula (--Ar--/--Y--).sub.n, where Y is a divalent group chosen from nil, --Z--, --Z--Ph--, and --Ph--Z--Ph--, where Z is a divalent group chosen from the group consisting of --O--, --S--, --NR--, --O(CO)--, --O(CO.sub.2)--,--(CO)NH(CO)--, --NR(CO)--, phthalimide, pyromellitimide, --CO--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --P(O)R--, --CH.sub.2 --, --CF.sub.2 --, and --CRR'--; Ph is phenylene (ortho, meta or para); and n is greater than 4. The co-polymers are useful as molding resins, and composite matrix resins, and where Ar is heteroarylene as ion exchange resins.

Abstract: A water solvent extraction degreasing method capable of reducing degreasing time without consideration of abrupt decomposition/vaporization and swelling caused by heat. An organic binder is removed from a molded product that is produced by a powder material mixed with the organic binder and this organic binder contains at least one water-soluble organic compound and at least one water-insoluble thermoplastic resin. The degreasing step of this method includes a water solvent extraction step for extracting the water-soluble organic compound from the organic binder contained in the molded product, using water as a solvent.

Abstract: Amide-containing polymers characterized by the presence of piperazine amide and/or substituted piperazine amide in the polymer chain are used as adsorbents to remove polyphenolic compounds from liquids. The compositions are especially useful in combination with protein removal agents such as silica gel or tannin. The amide-containing polymer compositions (alone or in combination with protein removal agents) are especially useful in the stabilization and/or chillproofing of plant derived liquids or beverages such as beer, wine, fruit juice and vegetable juice.

Abstract: A low-cost thermal decomposition degreasing method capable of drastically reducing the time required for a degreasing process which involves heating, vaporization and thermal decomposition, while assuring the shape retention property of an injection molded product during degreasing. The degreasing process comprises: (i) a first step wherein a molded product placed under a reduced pressure less than or equal to atmospheric pressure is heated at a temperature lower than the melting point of a thermoplastic binder so that the thermoplastic binder partially evaporates by 5 wt % or more, and then the molded product is further heated at a temperature lower than higher one of the melting points of a more volatile organic compound and a thermoplastic resin whereby the thermoplastic binder further evaporates by 10 wt % or more, and wherein the final temperature is set to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas barrier coating and multilayer packaging materials made therefrom. The gas barrier coating includes a polyamine (A), a polyepoxide (B), and a filler (C). Polyamine (A) includes at least one of the following: (a) an initial polyamine, and (b) an ungelled polyamine adduct which is the reaction product of the initial polyamine and epichlorohydrin and/or a polyepoxide having a plurality of glycidyl groups linked to an aromatic member. Polyepoxide (B) includes a polyepoxide having a plurality of glycidyl groups linked to an aromatic member. Filler (C) includes a platelet-type filler with the following particle size distribution: (a) a number mean particle diameter in the range from about 5.5 to about 15 microns, and (b) a volume mean particle diameter in the range from about 8 to about 25 microns. In addition, the present invention provides glossy, multilayer packaging materials containing an oxygen barrier material layer having an oxygen permeability constant not more than 0.

Abstract: As a heteroaromatic compound made functional so as to be used in nonlinear optical materials, the present invention provides a heteroaromatic compound represented by the following Formula (1), (2), (3) or (4), a polymer obtained from any of these, a nonlinear optical element comprised of the polymer, an optical device having such an element, and a process for producing them. ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 each independently represent an aromatic group or an aromatic group having a substituent, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, X represents a monovalent organic group, Y represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent functional group, and n represents an integer of 2 to 10.

Abstract: Optically active ladder polymers that are chiral and have an unbroken network of conjugated double bonds along a helical path are synthesized.

Abstract: Rigid-rod and segmented rigid-rod polymers, methods for preparing the polymers and useful articles incorporating the polymers are provided. The polymers incorporate rigid-rod backbones with pendant solubilizing groups attached thereto for rendering the polymers soluble.

Abstract: A new class of polymers include repeating units comprising one or more arylene units substituted with heterocyclic side groups. The heterocyclic substituted arylene repeat units have the general structural formula: ##STR1## wherein Het is a heterocyclic group, R is an optional substituent, x is 1 or 2, and y is less than or equal to 4-x.