Abstract: A porous product for the removal of selected ions from water is made from an open-cell sponge of regenerated cellulose having uniformly distributed therein a high loading of insolubilized PEI. The insolubilized PEI does not significantly reduce the porosity of the sponge. The product has a pH in the range of 5.0 to 9.5, which thwarts microbial degradation of the moist product during storage in sealed containers.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin is disclosed, comprising reacting (a) a polyalkylenepolyamine, (b) an alicyclic dibasic carboxylic acid and/or a reaction product having a free carboxyl group that is obtained by reacting an alicyclic dibasic carboxylic acid with a glycol, (c) a urea, and (d) an aldehyde and/or an alkylating agent. The resulting resin is useful as a wet strength agent to provide a paper coating composition having improved printability and printing effects.

Abstract: Curable epoxy resins are toughened with statistical monofunctional carboxyl, amine or epoxy-terminated reactive polymers and have low viscosities before cure thereby making them useful in a wide range of applications. The cured epoxy resin systems which are modified by the statistical monofunctional reactive polymers have physical properties, such as adhesion and elongation, generally equal to or better than those of cured epoxy resin systems modified with statistical difunctional reactive polymers. A process of preparation of the modified epoxy resin systems of the present invention includes admixing an epoxy resin with a statistical monofunctional carboxyl, amine, or epoxy-terminated reactive polymer in the presence of a curing agent and reaction therewith to form the toughened, cured epoxy resin system.

Abstract: Specified aminocrotonates are described for use as hardeners for expoxide resins.

Abstract: Provided is a para-ordered aromatic heterocyclic polymer having repeating units of the formula --(--Q--Ar--)-- wherein Q is ##STR1## wherein X is --O--, --NH-- or --S--, and wherein Ar is ##STR2##

Abstract: PBZ polymers are synthesized by the reaction of AA- and BB-monomers. The BB-monomer is conveniently synthesized and isolated as a phosphate salt having a uniform number of phosphate ions associated with each BB-monomer ion. Such high purity monophosphate and diphosphate salts can be obtained by precipitating the monomer from an aqueous acid solution by adjusting the pH balance or from a mixture of phosphoric acid and a volatile, polar, saturated organic liquid at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: Cathodic electrocoating binders which are water-dilutable on protonation with an acid are obtainable by reactingA) an epoxy compound or a mixture of epoxy compounds having an epoxide equivalent weight of less than 2,000 withB) a compound which is monofunctional with respect to epoxides and contains aliphatic or phenolic OH groups andC) a secondary amine of 2 to 36 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the reaction product of A), B) and C) still contains free epoxy groups, andD) an amount of an amidoamine containing primary amino groups which is equivalent to or greater than the amount of these free epoxy groups, the said amidoamine being obtainable from a primary diamine and a mono- and/or dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Provided is a para-ordered aromatic heterocyclic copolymer having repeating units of the formula --(--Q--Ar--).sub.m --(--Q--Ph--).sub.n -- wherein Q is ##STR1## wherein X is --O--, --NH-- or --S--, m is 0.05 to 0.50 and n is 1.

Abstract: A block polyamido primary amine condensation product prepared by reacting a defined polyoxyalkylene polyamine having terminal primary amine groups with an amount of a defined dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl ester thereof, sufficient to react one mole of the dicarboxylic acid reactant with each primary amine group of the polyoxyalkylene polyamine to thereby prepare an intermediate condensation reaction product containing terminal carboxyl groups, and reacting one mole of a defined organic di-primary amine with each terminal carboxyl group of the said intermediate condensation reaction product to thereby provide, as the principal product of the reaction a block polyamido primary amine condensation product.

Abstract: This invention relates to amorphous, flexible elastomeric polyamides based on dimer fatty acids and special disecondary diamines which have a glass transition temperature below 10.degree. C., to the production of these elastomeric polyamides and to their use as rubbers, plasticizers and, in particular, high-impact modifiers for thermoplastics or as flexible segments for the synthesis of thermoplastic elastomers and as additives for other purposes.

Abstract: Azole rings, such as oxazole and thiazole rings, can activate an aromatic ring bonded to a leaving group such as a halogen atom so that the aromatic ring will undergo aromatic nucleophilic substitution. The reaction is useful for making ethers, thioethers and amines containing azole rings. In particular, monomers having azole rings, activated aromatic rings with leaving groups and nucleophilic moieties can react under conditions of aromatic nucleophilic displacement to form non-rigid rod PBZ polymers. The non-rigid rod PBZ polymers can be used to form molecular composites with rigid rod PBZ polymers which molecular composites are not substantially phase separated.

Abstract: A water-swellable polymer product which may be physically bound to an open celled cellulosic sponge is produced by thermally induced amide-forming insolubilization of polyethyleneimine (PEI). The polymer product has high affinity for the absorption of transition metal ions. A cellulosic sponge containing a high add-on of the polymer product is permeable to water and substantially unaffected by water-borne suspended matter.

Abstract: A two component-type curing agent composition is disclosed which comprises a first curing agent which is capable of cross-linking an epoxy resin and which is at least one member selected from primary amines, phenolic compounds and acid anhydrides, and a second curing agent which is at least one compounds represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein X is --CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 --, --CO--, --COO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --S--, --O--, --NR.sub.1 --, --SiR.sub.1 R.sub.2 -- or --POR.sub.1 -- where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each stands for hydrogen, a lower alkyl or a phenyl; Y and Y' each stands for hydrogen, a lower alkyl or an electron attracting group; R is a lower alkyl; and m and n each is an integer of 1-4.

Abstract: New polybenzimidazolone polymers produced from the reaction of an aromatic tetraamine with a hexafluoro dianhydride. These hexafluoro polybenzimidazolone polymers based on an aromatic hexafluoro dianhydrides show improved solubility, easy processability, low moisture uptake, high thermal stability, resistance to solvent and other improvements over conventional polybenzimidazolone polymers.

Abstract: A latent hardener material for epoxy resins comprising a combination ofHardener (A) which is a reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine, andHardener (B) which is a reaction product of a polyfunctional epoxy compound, an imidazole compound and a carboxylic acid anhydride.A combination of latent hardeners (A) and (B) can achieve cure of an epoxy resin composition in 15 minutes at 76.degree. C. A one part epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin in admixture with a combination of hardeners (A) and (B) has a good shelf life.

Abstract: This invention discloses new polybenzimidazolone polymers produced by the reaction of a hexafluoro aromatic tetraamine with a dianhydride reactant. These hexafluoro polybenzimidazolone polymers based on an aromatic hexafluoro tetraamine show improved solubility, easy processability, low moisture uptake, high thermal stability, resistance to solvent and other improvements over conventional polybenzimidazolone polymers.

Abstract: Cathodic electrocoating binders which are water-dilutable on protonation with an acid are obtainable by reactingA) an epoxy compound or a mixture of epoxy compounds having an epoxide equivalent weight of less than 2,000 withB) a compound which is monofunctional with respect to epoxides and contains aliphatic or phenolic OH groups andC) a secondary amine of 2 to 36 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the reaction product of A), B) and C) still contains free epoxy groups, andD) an amount of an amidoamine containing primary amino groups which is equivalent to or greater than the amount of these free epoxy groups, the said amidoamine being obtainable from a primary diamine and a mono- and/or dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Polyaminoamides of formula: ##STR1## in which A.sub.1 represents a divalent radical of structure: ##STR2## in which a and b=0 or 1 ##STR3## in which c and d=0 or 1 ##STR4## B.sub.1 represents: 1) in the proportions of 60 to 100% (in moles), the radical ##STR5## in which x.sub.2 =2 and n.sub.1 =1 or 2, or alternatively, x.sub.1 =3 and n.sub.1 =1 and e=0 or 12) in the proportions of 0 to 40% (in moles), the radical (II) above in which x.sub.1 =2 and n.sub.1 =0 or the radical ##STR6## 3) in the proportions of 0 to 20% (in moles), the radical--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --NH--;in radicals A.sub.1 and B.sub.1, Y represents a residue of an ultraviolet radiation-absorbing molecule, anda+b+c+d+e.gtoreq.1, it being understood that when a, b, c, d or e are zero, the nitrogen atom is then bound to a hydrogen atom;the ratio ##EQU1## is between 0.05 and 0.5; A.sub.2 represents a bivalent radical which has one of the following structures: ##STR7## B.sub.

Abstract: A novel class of cyano-, cyanoalkyl-, carboxy- or carboxyalkylaryl-substituted 1,6-diaza [4.4] spirodilactams, having a cyano-, cyanoalkyl-, carboxy- or carboxyalkylaryl substituent attached to each spiro ring nitrogen atom, are useful for the preparation of polyesters and polyamides.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin is disclosed, comprising reacting (a) a polyalkylenepolyamine, (b) an alicyclic dibasic carboxylic acid and/or a reaction product having a free carboxyl group that is obtained by reacting an alicyclic dibasic carboxylic acid with a glycol, (c) a urea, and (d) an aldehyde and/or an alkylating agent. The resulting resin is useful as a wet strength agent to provide a paper coating composition having improved printability and printing effects.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyamides produced by the condensation of diamines with citric acid through the carboxyl groups attached to the carbon atoms in positions 1 and 3.These polyamides can be used for the preparation of controlled-release forms of drugs.

Abstract: The instant invention involves a process for producing continuous polybenzimidazole films. The process is comprised of the following steps:(a) preparing a solvent solution of a polybenzimidazole polymer;(b) continuously casting the solution upon a support;(c) evaporating a sufficient amount of the solvent to form a self-supporting film in an oven;(d) washing the film in a nonsolvent;(e) removing the film from the support; and(f) continuously collecting the continuous film.

Abstract: Use of polyamidoamines as curing agents for epoxy resins and curable mixtures containing these substances.The invention relates to the use of polyamidoamines (A) containing primary and/or secondary amino groups as curing agents for epoxy-containing compounds (B), wherein the polyamidoamines (A) used are those compounds which have been obtained by polycondensation of (a) compounds from the group of dicarboxylic acids containing oxyalkylene groups, or derivatives thereof (esters), with (b) polyamines containing at least two amino groups which are condensable with (a).The invention furthermore relates to curable mixtures containing the abovementioned components (A) and (B). The cured products obtainable according to the invention have advantages with regard to impact strength and shock resistance, to flexibility even at relatively low temperatures and crack-bridging properties.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide, e.g., from isophthalic acid and 4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy)diphenylsulfone, is produced with a sufficient amount, e.g., 0.05-4 mol%, of 4-phenoxypyridine to improve resistance to thermal oxidation.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-dilutable binders for cationic electrocoating finishes. For the preparation of the binders, a di-epoxide compound, together with at least one mono-epoxide compound if desired, is converted by a polyaddition, carried out at 100.degree. to 195.degree. C. and initiated by a monofunctionally reacting initiator carrying either an alcoholic OH group, a phenolic OH group or an SH group, to form an epoxy resin which then subsequently is modified with(A) primary and/or secondary amines or their salts and/or the salt of a tertiary amine, a sulfide/acid mixture or a phosphine/acid mixture and with, if desired,(B) a polyfunctional alcohol, a polycarboxylic acid, a polysulfide or a polyphenol.

Abstract: Polymer of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20 000 comprising amino substituted groups in its molecule and resulting from the reaction of at least one compound with a primary amine function having 1 to 60 carbon atoms with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound, comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups, with at least one epoxidated compound having 4 to 62 carbon atoms chosen from ethers and esters of epoxyalcohols and esters of epoxyacids.Middle distillate composition having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% in weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: A motor fuel composition which inhibits engine ORI and resists engine deposit formation comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 90.degree. F.-450.degree. F. and the reaction product of a dibasic acid anhydride, a polyoxyalkylene polyol, and a nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of: (i) a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 polyalkylene polyamine, (ii) a polyoxyalkylene diamine, and (iii) a heterocyclic azole.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings therein, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a compound containing both a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or a

Abstract: A coating resin composition comprising, as a coating-forming resin binder, an epoxy resin derivative containing a functional group represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group; each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group independently of the other;R.sub.4 represents a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group in which an ether group (--O--) may be present in the carbon chain; andn represents an integer from 1 to 6.This coating resin composition is useful for cathodic electrodeposition coating.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents are defined hereinbelow. R is an aliphatic group, cycloaliphatic group, aryl group or araliphatic group andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl,R.sup.3 is a chemical bond or ##STR2## Z and Z.sup.1 are independently O or NH, R.sup.5 is R,R.sup.4 is lower aliphatic, arylene, aryl lower alkylene or cycloaliphatic,wherein the aliphatic group contains up to 10 carbon atoms in the principal chain and up to a total of 15 carbon atoms;the cycloaliphatic group contains up to 10 ring carbon atoms and up to a total of 15 carbon atoms; andthe aryl group is an aromatic group containing from 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms and up to a total of 15 carbon atoms.These compounds are used as accelerators in epoxy resin compositions, comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) dicyandiamide and optionally (c) solvents, fillers, reinforcement materials or inert materials, pigments or aids, for the production of moldings.

Abstract: A copolyimide foam comprising the reaction product of one or more of an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and a compound of the formula: ##STR1## where x is an integer from 1 to 12 and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl a mixture thereof with two or more diamines at least one of which being a heterocyclic diamine having a nitrogen atom in the ring and the other being a para- or meta-substituted aromatic diamine free of aliphatic substitution.Processes for producing the above copolyimide foam are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polyamides are prepared from a carbonitrile and an amine by reacting by heating a mixture of a carbonitrile which is a dinitrile, an equivalent amount of a primary or secondary amine which is a diamine, and at least a stoichiometric amount of water in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst. The catalyst is a complex containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and molybdenum, and at least one group selected from the group consisting of hydride, phosphine, carbonyl, ammonia, and hydroxyl.

Abstract: A process for preparing poly{[benzo (1,2-d:5,4-d')bisthiazole-2,6-diyl]-1,4-phenylene} or one of the reactants used in the preparation of such polymer by the use of an electrolytic cell. In the process, thiocyanate ions are oxidized to thiocyanogen in the anode chamber of the cell. In a preferred embodiment, the cathode chamber of the same electrolytic cell is used to reduce 4,6-dithiocyanobenzene-1,3-diamine to form the dithio radical of 4,6-diaminobenzene-1,3-dithiol. Upon hydrogenation, the dithiol or its acid salt may be used to react with terephthalic acid to form the polymer.

Abstract: Water-soluble crosslinkable polymeric compounds which are obtainable by reaction of reaction products, containing halogenohydrin groups, of ammonia or mono- or polyamines and an epihalogenohydrin with inorganic bases and subsequent reaction of the resulting compounds containing epoxide groups with halogen-free sulphonic acids to give compounds containing sulphonic acid ester groups are used for imparting wet strength to paper.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings therein, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a hetercyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a compound containing both a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or al

Abstract: Polyamides having improved solubility and processing characteristics are provided having incorporated into the polymeric chain a novel aromatic diamine compound, 2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-(4-aminophenyl) hexafluoropropane (3-4'-6F Diamine). The polyamides are prepared by reacting the 3,4'-6F Diamine with an aliphatic or aromatic di-acid or acid halide. It has been found that the polyamides of this invention have improved solubility characteristics, low dielectric constants and improved thermal flow properties as a consequence of the meta/para positioning of the amino groups on the daimine, which renders these polymers more readily melt spinnable for the production of fibers. The polymers may also be compression molded and fabricated into composites at moderate temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: An amphiphilic high polymer comprises a linear recurring unit containing at least divalent organic group (R.sub.1) having at least two carbon atoms, at least divalent organic group (R.sub.2) having at least two carbon atoms, and at least one C.sub.10-30 hydrocarbon-containing group (R.sub.3) which may have one or more substituent groups, said organic groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being connected to each other by a divalent connecting group, and said hydrocarbon-containing group R.sub.3 being boned to said recurring unit by a covalent bond, and the method for producing the same comprises polycondensating a combination of monomers containing R.sub.1 and R.sub.2.

Abstract: A novel class of polymers comprises one or more dipyridinium units, having the formula ##STR1## contained within the main polymer backbone where Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, and Ar.sup.3 are aromatic or heteroaromatic nuclei each of which can consist of one ring or two fused or catenated rings having 5 to 12 ring carbon and heteroatoms which can include 1 to 3 unitary heteroatoms selected from S, N, and O, R.sup.1 is any divalent organic bridging group, and Z.sup..crclbar. is a counterion.

Abstract: Polyamide hot-melt adhesives are prepared from condensation of a mixture of polymeric fatty acids and 1,18-octadecane-dicarboxylic acid or 1,16-hexadecanedicarboxylic acid and a substantially equivalent proportion of a polyamine.

Abstract: Water-soluble crosslinkable compounds which are obtainable by reaction of reaction products, containing halogenohydrin groups, of ammonia or mono- or polyamines and an epihalogenohydrin or 1,3-dihalogeno-2-hydroxypropane with inorganic bases and subsequent reaction of the resulting compounds, which contain epoxy groups, with halogen-free acids or derivatives thereof to give compounds containing 1-acyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl groups are used for providing paper with a wet-strength finish, for aftertreatment of cellulose dyed with reactive and direct dyestuffs and for finishing wool.

Abstract: Hot melt polyamide adhesive compositions are disclosed which exhibit long open assembly times. The polyamides are the condensation products of an acid component consisting essentially of a polymeric fatty acid and a dicarboxylic acid, and an amine component consisting essentially of a cyclic diamine, a non-cyclic aliphatic diamine and, optionally, additional organic diamines.

Abstract: An anhydride-cured epoxy resin (epoxy resin+anhydride curing agent+catalyst) may be fortified (i.e. increased in strength and modulus without being made brittle) by the addition of a carboxylic acid and the reaction product of a carboxylic acid anhydride and a substituted aromatic amine. Strengths as high as 125 MPa and moduli as high as 3500 MPa have been attained, as well as elongations up to 6% and an increase in the ability of the plastic to yield before fracture (ductility), compared to 80 MPa strength, 3000 MPa modulus and 2.4% elongation for the unfortified system (strengths and moduli are tensile).

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers are prepared by reacting (A) the reaction product of (1) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings therein, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least two substituent groups which have at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine; (2) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride such as pyromellitic dianhydride; and (3) a compound containing both a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one group selected from (a) a heterocyclic material having one or more rings, at least one nitrogen atom in a ring and at least one substituent group which has at least one reactive hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to a heterocyclic ring such as 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine or (b) a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid mono- or dianhydride group such as cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; with (B) an aqueous or a

Abstract: A water-soluble, thermosetting resin comprising units derived from tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, and preferably units derived from dicyandiamide and/or epichlorohydrin, is useful as an accelerator in paper sizing, e.g. using an alkyl ketene dimer.

Abstract: A novel class of polymers comprises one or more dipyridinium units, having the formula ##STR1## contained within the main polymer backbone where Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, and Ar.sup.3 are aromatic or heteroaromatic nuclei each of which can consist of one ring or two fused or catenated rings having 5 to 12 ring carbon and heteroatoms which can include 1 to 3 unitary heteroatoms selected from S, N and O, R.sup.1 is any divalent organic bridging group, and Z.sup..crclbar. is a counterion.

Abstract: Photosensitive iodonium polymers are provided useful as positive photoresists. The iodonium polymers can be converted to polymeric diaryl iodonium polyfluorometal and metalloid salts by a metathesis reaction. These polymeric iodonium polyfluorometal and metalloid salts can be used as a catalyst in combination with a copper compound cocatalyst to make heat curable compositions with cationically polymerizable materials such as an epoxy resin.

Abstract: The invention is an epoxy resin coating composition. The composition comprises:1. a bisphenol A resin, and2. an acrylate ester, reacted with a mixture of3. a polyether polyamine of the formula:a. NH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 [OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)].sub.x NH.sub.2wherein x ranges from 2 to 6, orb. ##STR1## wherein x+y+z ranges from 4 to 6; and 4. piperazine.The weather resistant formulations cure rapidly to form attractive blemish-free, blush-free coatings.

Abstract: Polyamides in which amino acids are incorporated in the polymer backbone via two amino or carboxyl groups and which carry in the .alpha.-position to the amide structure a functional group which is responsible for degradation and active compound release are highly suitable for the preparation of biologically degradable active compound depot preparations having controlled release of the active compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-dilutable binders for cationic electrocoating finishes. For the preparation of the binders, a di-epoxide compound, together with at least one mono-epoxide compound if desired, is converted by a polyaddition, carried out at 100.degree. to 195.degree. C. and initiated by a monofunctionally reacting initiator carrying either an alcoholic OH group, a phenolic OH group or an SH group, to form an epoxy resin which then subsequently is modified with(A) primary and/or secondary amines or their salts and/or the salt of a tertiary amine, a sulfide/acid mixture or a phosphine/acid mixture and with, if desired,(B) a polyfunctional alcohol, a polycarboxylic acid, a polysulfide or a polyphenol.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of water-reducible carboxylated amide binders comprising the steps of:(1) reacting:(a) a substantially epoxy-free compound of general formula ##STR1## wherein A is the organic residue of a ring opening reaction of a vicinal epoxy group of a polyepoxide with ammonia or amine having at least two amino hydrogens, R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.2-12 alkylene group, x is 0 or 1 and y is a number from 0 to 4, with(b) a carboxyl group-containing mono- or polyester compound derived from a di- or polycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol having at least one glycol group per molecule, with the proviso that only one carboxyl group per molecule or di- or polycarboxylic acid has been esterified and the or each ester group is a .beta.-hydroxyester group,at a temperature in the range of from 80.degree. to 160.degree. C.