Abstract: A reflective film includes interior layers that selectively reflect light by constructive or destructive interference, the layers extending from a first to a second zone of the film. In the first zone the layers provide a first reflective polarizer characteristic, and in a second zone the layers provide a substantially different reflective polarizer characteristic. The second zone is characterized by at least some of the layers having a reduced birefringence relative to their birefringence in the first zone. In some cases the first reflective polarizer characteristic may have a pass axis that is substantially orthogonal to that of the second reflective polarizer characteristic. The film may have substantially the same thickness in the first and second zones, or a substantially reduced thickness in the second zone relative to the first zone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating a graphite sheet, including: polymerizing diamines and a dianhydride to form a polyamic acid. The polyamic acid is solvent casted on a substrate and hot baked to form a polyamic acid film or gel film. The polyamic acid film or gel film is biaxially stretched at a high temperature imidization or chemical imidization to form the polyimide film. The polyimide film is then carbonized and graphitized to form a graphite sheet. The diamines include a diamine of Formula 1 and a diamine of Formula 2, and the dianhydride includes a dianhydride of Formulae 3, Formula 4, Formula 5, Formula 6, Formula 7, Formula 8, Formula 9, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preparation method of polyimide, comprising the following steps: a) carrying out a dehydration polymerization reaction on a diamine and an anhydride of an organic acid in a non-polar solvent to obtain a mixture, the non-polar solvent being one or more of arene, aliphatic hydrocarbon, halogenated arene and halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, and the anhydride of the organic acid being one or more of dianhydride and single anhydride: and b) filtering the mixture obtained in step a) and drying to obtain the polyimide. In the present invention, the dehydration polymerization reaction between the diamine and the anhydride of the organic acid can be carried out directly in the non-polar solvent to obtain the polyimide which cannot be dissolved in the non-polar solvent. Therefore, polyimide powder with fine particles can be obtained by directly filtering and drying the reaction mixture without washing.

Abstract: Polyimide oligomers of the general formula: M-(Z—Y—X—Y—Z)n-M wherein n is an integer of 1 to 20; X comprises an aromatic diamine containing 2-4 aryl moieties, each of which contains 0-4 substituents; Z is independently the same as X or is a different aromatic diamine containing 1-4 aryl moieties, each of which contains 0-4 substituents; Y comprises an aromatic dianhydride containing 1-4 aryl moieties, each of which contains 0-4 substituents; and M is independently the same as Y or is a substituted or unsubstituted anhydride, a substituted or unsubstituted dianhydride, a substituted or unsubstituted bisimide, or a substituted or unsubstituted monomeric or oligomeric phthalonitrile.

Abstract: The invention concerns processes for forming a polymer comprising residues of 2-(4-amino phenyl)-5 (6) amino benzimidazole (DAPBI), paraphenylene diamine, and terephthaloyl dichloride, the process comprising: (a) forming a solution of oligomers having chloride end groups from one mole of paraphenylene diamine and 1.3 to 5 moles of terephthaloyl dichloride a solvent system comprising an organic solvent and an inorganic salt; and (b) adding DAPBI and terephthaloyl dichloride to the solution of oligomers to form a polymer.

Abstract: Provided is a polyamide polymer in which a partial structure represented by the following formula (C) constitutes a portion of the main chain: wherein in Formula (C), RA and RB each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n and m each independently represent an integer from 0 to 2; Cy represents an unsaturated 6-membered or 7-membered ring which may contain a heteroatom; and * and ** each represent a bonding hand, while * may be a bonding hand extending from RA.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel cross-linkable end-cappers for oligo-and polyimides. End-capped oligo-and polyimides comprising such an end-capper may be cured at a lower temperature compared to oligo-and polyimides end-capped with PEPA.

Abstract: A method for obtaining an aromatic polyamide crumb from an aromatic diamine and an aromatic diacid chloride, which aromatic polyamide comprises 5(6)-amino-2-(p-aminophenyl)benzimidazole terephthalamide units and has a relative viscosity ?rel of at least 3, by: (1) adding at least monomers (i)-(iii) in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent wherein (i) is 0-30 mole % para-phenylenediamine (PPD), (ii) is 20-50 mole % 5(6)-amino-2-(p-aminophenyl)benzimidazole (DABPI), (iii) is 49.05-50.05 mole % terephthaloyl dichloride (TDC), and optionally calcium chloride to obtain a CaCl2/aromatic diamine molar ratio less than 0.5, and an aromatic diamine/aromatic diacid chloride ratio between 0.99 and 1.01; (2) mixing the monomers and the optional calcium chloride to a homogenous mixture having a monomer concentration of 5 to 12 wt %; followed by (3) adding calcium chloride to the homogeneous mixture to obtain a CaC12/aromatic diamine molar ratio 0.6-1.0; and (4) polymerizing the mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions, and the use of such compositions for protective coatings, particularly of electronic devices. The invention concerns fired-on-foil ceramic capacitors coated with a composite encapsulant and embedded in a printed wiring board.

Abstract: A polyamic acid composition including a polyamic acid, the polyamic acid having an imidization ratio of from about 5.0% to about 25.0%, and being obtained by reacting a diamine compound, a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and an acid monoanhydride at an amount ratio that satisfies the following formula (1): 0.970<Y/X<0.998 and Formula (2): 0.00<Z/2(X?Y)<0.50. In Formula (1) and Formula (2), X represents a content (mol) of the diamine compound, Y represents a content (mol) of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and Z represents a content of the acid monoanhydride (mol).

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers (P) of amides, imides, amides-imides or their derivates. The polymer (P) comprising recurring units (I) of one or more structural formula(e): -A-B-C-D- (I), wherein, A and C, identical or different from each other and from one structural formula to another, independently represent an amido group an imido group of formula or a mixture thereof; B, identical or different from one structural formula to another, is independently selected from the set consisting of C4-C50 hydrocarbon groups, C12-C50 groups, a dibenzodiazocine-containing divalent group, and a mixture thereof; D, identical or different from one structural formula to another, independently represents a dibenzodiazocine-containing divalent group. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said polymers. Moreover, the invention relates to polymer compositions containing said polymer, its shaped articles or shaped parts as well as applications of those polymers.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an aramid copolymer composition comprising an aramid copolymer having at least one arylene carboxylic acid moiety and at least one hydroxyarylene moiety, or comprising an aramid copolymer having at least one arylene carboxylic acid moiety or having at least one hydroxyarylene moiety, and a crosslinker agent. The invention further relates to crosslinked copolymers derived thereof and shaped articles comprising said crosslinked copolymers.

Abstract: Provided are a secondary battery, a battery module, and a battery pack, which have improved safety. Particularly, since a bulletproof material is disposed on the inside and/or the outside of an exterior part, even when a conductive needle-shaped member penetrates a secondary battery, heating, burning, discharge of evaporated electrolyte, and electrical contact between the needle-shaped member and an electrode can be prevented, thereby improving safety of the secondary battery, the battery module, and the battery pack.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of organic chemistry and particularly to the optical retardation films for liquid crystal displays. The present invention provides an optical film comprising a substrate having front and rear surfaces, and at least one solid retardation layer on the front surface of the substrate.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a polymer is obtained by polycondensation of a fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative of the general formula (M-1) or an acid anhydride of the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid with a polyfunctional compound having two to four reactive groups corresponding in reactivity to carbonyl moieties of the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative or acid anhydride. [Chem. 134] AOCF2C-Q-CF2COA???(M-1) In the above formula, Q represents a divalent organic group having a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; and A and A? each independently represent an organic group. This polymer exhibits a sufficiently low dielectric constant for use as a semiconductor protection film and has the capability of forming a film at a relatively low temperature of 250° C. or lower.

Abstract: The invention relates a heat-treated poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) polymer fiber having a crystalline structure as represented by a carbonyl stretch peak at a wavelength of 1,650 cm?1 in a Raman spectra response which before coloration with a dye, shrinks linearly 0.4 percent or less when exposed to 285 degrees Centigrade for 30 minutes; and which after contact with an aqueous red dye solution for 1 hour at 120 degrees Centigrade, has an “L” value coloration of at least 40 units lower than the “L” value of the fiber before coloration.

Abstract: Provided are dies having a first section for orienting material being pressed through the die and a second section for shaping the oriented material into a desired form. In an embodiment, the surface area for shaping the oriented material into a desired form is limited. Also provided are polymer articles and processes for making the same. In an embodiment, the processes employ the dies.

Abstract: Provided are polyaramid polymers and films made from the polymers, comprising repeat units of the condensation product of a fluorovinylether functionalized aromatic diacid chloride and an aromatic diamine, and methods to make the films.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid represented by formula (1), wherein n represents an integer of 1-4, and the two carboxylic groups are not adjacent to each other on the aromatic ring. It is possible to obtain a linear polymer compound by reacting the fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid with a comonomer (e.g., diaminodiol). By thermal cyclization, this linear polymer compound can be converted into another polymer compound having superior characteristics.

Abstract: There is provided an easily dyeable meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber excellent in dyeability and acid resistance, and having a very small residual solvent content. The components or conditions of the coagulation bath are appropriately adjusted so as to achieve a coagulated form not having a skin core, plasticization drawing is performed at a specific ratio, and after completing a washing step, a dry heat treatment is performed at a specific temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyimide film prepared from an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid component and an aromatic diamine component, which has a dimensional change from 25° C. to 500° C. within a range of from ?0.3% to +0.6% based on the initial dimension at 25° C. The polyimide film may be used as a substrate for a CIS solar cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyimide resin, which is colorless and transparent and has superior properties, including mechanical properties and heat stability, and thus is usable in various fields, including semiconductor insulating films, TFT-LCD insulating films, transparent electrode films, passivation films, liquid crystal alignment layers, optical communication materials, protective films for solar cells, and flexible display substrates. Also, a liquid crystal alignment layer and a polyimide film using the polyimide resin are provided.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an adhesion film for semiconductor that is capable of bonding a semiconductor chip to a lead frame tightly at an adhesion temperature lower than that of the adhesion film of a traditional polyimide resin without generation of voids and that can also be used for protection of lead frame-exposed area, a thermoplastic resin composition for semiconductor for use in the adhesive agent layer therein, and a lead frame having the adhesive film and a semiconductor device; and, to achieve the object, the present invention provides a thermoplastic resin composition for semiconductor, comprising a thermoplastic resin obtained in reaction of an amine component containing an aromatic diamine mixture (A) containing 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene, 3-(3?-(3?-aminophenoxy)phenyl)amino-1-(3?-(3?-aminophenoxy)phenoxy)benzene and 3,3?-bis(3?-aminophenoxy)diphenylether, and an acid component (C), an adhesion film for semiconductor using the same, a lead frame having the adhesion fi

Abstract: A novel aromatic polyamide compound, a polymerization method thereof, and an optical film for use in a flexible display substrate produced using the same are disclosed. The aromatic polyamide compound is a copolymer comprising a repeating unit of a para-substituted aromatic diamine and a repeating unit of a meta- or meta-para-substituted aromatic diamine. The aromatic polyamide compound is colorless and transparent, excellent in heat resistance, and excellent in processability such as the compound being easily dissolved in a polar organic solvent without the addition of an inorganic salt. Therefore, the aromatic polyamide compound is suitable for producing the optical film for use in a display substrate.

Abstract: A single-stage melt polymerization process is demonstrated for production of a polybenzimidazole which comprises the following steps. First, a high intensity reactor having a means for controlling agitation and rate of, atmosphere, and temperature is provided. Second, the high intensity reactor is degassed and filled with nitrogen. Third, a tetraminobiphenyl (TAB), compound A and an isophthalic acid (IPA), compound B are provided. Fourth, the high intensity reactor is charged with compounds A and B. Fifth, compound A and compound B are reacted under high intensity agitation in an absence of catalyst, to temperature of between 340° C. to 430° C. to produce a polybenzimidazole having an IV of at least 0.45 and a plugging value of greater than or equal to 1.0 g/cm2.

Abstract: A non-thermoplastic polyimide film exhibits high adherability without expensive surface treatment and is made from a precursor solution having high storage stability. The non-thermoplastic polyimide film comprises a non-thermoplastic polyimide resin having a block component derived from a thermoplastic polyimide. Preferably, the block component of the thermoplastic polyimide is present in an amount of 20 to 60 mol % of the entire polyimide so that the precursor solution thereof exhibits high storage stability and that the film can exhibit high adherability, in particular, high adherability to polyimide adhesives.

Abstract: Para-type aromatic polyamide short fibers are attached with a phosphate ester alkali metal salt of an alcohol having a carbon number of 12 having a molar fraction of a monoester salt of from 45 to 70% by mol and a molar fraction of a diester salt of from 10 to 40% by mol in an amount of from 0.05 to 1.0% by weight based on the weight of the fibers, whereby such para-type aromatic polyamide short fibers excellent in spinning property are obtained that are excellent in bundling property and antistatic property, and are low in adhesion property causing less twining on rollers and less formation of scums.

Abstract: There are provided fibers having excellent mechanical strength such as tensile strength and elastic modulus and a polyamide that is a raw material of the fibers. The polyamide is a polyamide (X) which mainly comprises recurring units represented by the following formulae (A) and (B): has an inherent viscosity measured at 30° C. in 0.5 g/100 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 0.05 to 20 dl/g and has a substituent represented by the following formula (C): wherein Ar3 is a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and Ar4 is a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, at at least some of terminals, and the fibers are fibers formed from the polyamide (X).

Abstract: A polyimide precursor and its composition as well as a polyimide laminate are provided. The polyimide precursor and its composition are prepared using a diamine monomer and a dianhydride monomer in a specific composition proportion. The composition is coated on a copper foil and then cured to provide a polyimide laminate with a desired Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) and exhibiting desired properties, such as film flatness, dimensional stability, peeling strength, tensile strength, and elongation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to such a polyamide resin composition that is suitably used as a material of a gasoline tank and a material of a molded article, such as a hollow molded container including a beverage bottle, a film and a sheet. A polyamide resin that is good in heat stability upon molding and suffers less increase in filter back pressure is provided by regulating a polyamide resin composition to have a phosphorus content of from 30 to 200 ppm (excluding 200 ppm), and a sodium content/phosphorus content ratio (molar ratio) of from 3 to 7 (excluding 3 and 7) or regulating it to have a phosphorus content less than 30 ppm and an alkali metal content less than 45 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel imide oligomer compositions, polyimides formed therefrom, and methods for making and using the same. In particular, the invention relates to novel polyimide oligomers comprising 3,3?,4,4?-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 2-(3,4-dicarboxy phenyl)-1-phenylacetylene anhydride (PE), and a mixture of 1,3-diaminobenzene and 4,4?-(1,3-phenylenediisopropylidene) bisaniline. The polyimide oligomers demonstrate low melt viscosity (these resins are melt processable) while retaining exceptional thermo-oxidative stability, high glass transition temperature, and good mechanical properties in the cured state.

Abstract: A negative birefringence film prepared from a poly(aryletherimide) which is the reaction product of a dianhydride and a diamine, where the dianhydride is BisADA, ODPA, BPEDA, BPQDA, BPDA, or 6FDA, alone or a mixture with one or more of: BPDA, 6FDA, BisADA, Bis-AF-DA, BPQDA, BPEDA, and ODPA; and where the diamine is 4,4?-diaminophenyl ether, 2-trifluoromethyl-4,4?-diaminophenyl ether, 2-trifluoromethyl-2?-methyl-4,4?-diaminophenyl ether, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene, 4,4?-bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl, 4,4?-bis(3-aminophenoxy)biphenyl, 4,4?-bis(4-aminophenoxy)terphenyl, 4,4?-bis(3-aminophenoxy)terphenyl, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 1,4-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzene, 2,2?-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4?-diaminophenyl ether (6FODA), 4,4?-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)biphenyl (6FOBDA), 4,4?-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3,3?,5,5?-tetramethylbiphenyl, 4,4?-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3,3?,5,5?-tetra(ter

Abstract: A fluorine-containing diamine represented by the formula (1), [Chemical Formula 29] is provided. Furthermore, a fluorine-containing polymer is provided by using this fluorine-containing amine as a monomer. The fluorine-containing polymer can exhibit superior characteristics such as low dielectric property and high transparency, while maintaining high fluorine content and retaining adhesive property.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid represented by formula (1), wherein n represents an integer of 1-4, and the two carboxylic groups are not adjacent to each other on the aromatic ring. It is possible to obtain a linear polymer compound by reacting the fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid with a comonomer (e.g., diaminodiol). By thermal cyclization, this linear polymer compound can be converted into another polymer compound having superior characteristics.

Abstract: A solvent cast film comprises a polyimide comprising structural units derived from polymerization of a dianhydride component comprising a dianhydride selected from the group consisting of 3,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 3,3?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, and combinations thereof, with a diamine component comprising 4,4?-diaminodiphenylsulfone; wherein the polyimide has a glass transition temperature from 190° C. to 400° C.; and wherein the film has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 60 ppm/° C., a thickness from 0.1 to 250 micrometers, endless than 5% residual solvent by weight.

Abstract: An article comprises a solvent cast film comprising a polyetherimide comprising structural units derived from a dianhydride component selected from the group consisting of 3,4?-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 3,3?-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4,4?-oxydiphthalic anhydride, and combinations thereof, and a diamine component. The polyetherimide has a glass transition temperature that is at least 190° C. The film has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 60 ppm/° C., a thickness from 0.1 to 250 micrometers, and less than 5% residual solvent by weight. The film has less than 15 molar % of a member selected from the group consisting of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, dianhydrides of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, esters of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A solvent cast film comprises a polyimide comprising structural units derived from polymerization of a dianhydride component comprising a dianhydride selected from the group consisting of 3,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 3,3?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, and combinations thereof, with a diamine component wherein the polyimide has a glass transition temperature of at least 190° C.; wherein the film has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 60 ppm/° C., a thickness from 0.1 to 250 micrometers, and less than 5% residual solvent by weight; wherein the polyimide has less than 15 molar % of structural units derived from a member selected from the group consisting of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, a dianhydride of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, an ester of biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A solvent cast film comprises a polyimide comprising structural units derived from polymerization of a dianhydride component comprising a dianhydride selected from the group consisting of 3,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 3,3?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4,4?-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, and combinations thereof, with a diamine component comprising 4,4?-diaminodiphenylsulfone; wherein the polyimide has a glass transition temperature from 190° C. to 400° C.; and wherein the film has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 60 ppm/° C., a thickness from 0.1 to 250 micrometers, endless than 5% residual solvent by weight.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a fluorinated polymer of adequate molecular weight with excellent transparency in a wavelength range from visible to near infrared, and to also provide a method of producing such a polymer. The present invention provides a fluorinated polymer comprising a structure represented by a formula (1) as a structural unit, as well as a method of producing this polymer using a corresponding tetrafluoroxylylenediamine or a tetrafluoroxylylene glycol as a raw material.

Abstract: New photosensitive PBO precursor polymers which contain diazoquinone moieties attached to its backbone and in which all amino end groups are converted into amide groups. The photosensitive formulation based on the disclosed PBO precursor polymers have good imaging and mechanical properties as well as superior shelf life stability. Photosensitive polybenzoxazole precursor polymers having (sulfon)amide end groups (with or without attached diazoquinone groups) can be formulated into photosensitive compositions with diazoquinone photoactive compounds which lack benzylic hydrogens on the backbone to yield compositions producing films significantly lighter in color after curing.

Abstract: A preparation process of polyimide aerogels that composed of aromatic dianhydrides and aromatic diamines or a combined aromatic and aliphatic diamines is described. Also descried is a process to produce carbon aerogels derived from polyimide aerogel composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride. Finally, the processes to produce carbon aerogels or xerogel-aerogel hybrid, both of which impregnated with highly dispersed transition metal clusters, and metal carbide aerogels, deriving from the polyimide aerogels composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride, are described. The polyimide aerogels and the polyimide aerogel derivatives consist of interconnecting mesopores with average pore size at 10 to 30 nm and a mono-dispersed pore size distribution. The gel density could be as low as 0.008 g/cc and accessible surface area as high as 1300 m2/g.

Abstract: A process for the production of high molecular weight polybenzimidazole by one: providing a first reaction vessel; charging the reaction vessel with at least one aromatic hydrocarbon tetraamine, and a heterocylic ring making up the dicarboxylic component; heating the reactants under agitation in a substantially oxygen-free atmosphere with agitation until the agitator torque is about 1.5 times the torque before a rise in viscosity begins; terminating the agitation while continuing to heat the reaction mixture to about 230° C. while allowing the reaction mass to foam; cooling the reaction mass to a friable foamed mass; crushing the friable foamed mass to obtain a ground prepolymer; and two: providing a second reaction vessel, the second reaction vessel being a high intensity reaction vessel; transferring the ground prepolymer to the second reaction vessel; heating the ground prepolymer under agitation to over 315° C. at atmospheric pressure for a time of about 90 minutes.

Abstract: A process for a single-stage melt polymerization for the production of a high molecular weight polybenzimidazole which comprises the steps of: providing a reaction vessel having a means for agitation and a means for vacuum; charging the reaction vessel with reactants selected from: (A) a tetraaminiobiphenyl (TAB), and (B) a diphenyl isophthalate (DPIP); reacting the reactants under constant agitation and under a vacuum with an inert gas sweep; maintaining a reactant temperature which does not exceed 290° C. under constant agitation allowing pressure in the vessel to increase, with an inert gas sweep until a phase change is achieved, when the temperature reaches 250° C. pressure is increased to a slight positive pressure; and increase the reactant temperature and pressure within said reaction vessel while maintaining constant agitation and inert gas sweep, while maintaining a slight positive pressure. Preferably the vessel used in the instant invention is a high intensity reaction vessel.

Abstract: In a two-step precondensate process for preparing polyamides diamines are reacted with dicarboxylic acid dihalides in a polar, non-basic, inert organic liquid medium under conditions such that a condensation product having a low degree of polymerization is formed. The resulting condensation then is contacted with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble acid acceptor by continuously feeding the components into a reactor system having a total residence time from about 2 seconds to about 2 minutes, and having a Peclet number greater than about 3.5 to form a polyamide product having a high degree of polymerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified polybenzimidazole (PBI), membranes that are fabricated from these polymers, and their use in electrochemical applications. These membranes have high ionic conductivity and are suitable for solid polymer electrolytes in electrochemical applications, especially for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

Abstract: Poly-o-hydroxyamides are cyclicized to obtain polybenzoxazoles. The poly-o-hydroxyamides provide effective filling of trenches. In particular, the poly-o-hydroxyamides can fill trenches having a width of less than 100 nm and an aspect ratio of more than 4. Further, the polybenzoxazoles of the invention are very suitable for the damascene process. A dielectric can be made from the polybenzoxazole. In turn, semiconductor devices can include the dieletric. Processes for making the poly-o-hydroxyamides, polybenzoxazoles, and semiconductor devices are included.

Abstract: A polymeric material comprises at least one repeat unit consisting substantially of a moiety of Formula 1: in which Y1 represents N, P, S, As and/or Se. Ar1 and Ar2, which may the same or different, represent independently a multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group, and Ar3 represents independently a mono or multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group. At least one terminal group is attached in the polymer to the Ar1, Ar2 and optionally Ar3 groups located at the end of the polymer chains, so as to cap the polymer chains and prevent further polymer growth. At least one terminal group is derived from at least one end capping reagent used in the polymerization to form the polymeric material to control the molecular weight thereof. A charge transport material comprising such polymers is useful in electroreprographic and electroluminescent devices. These polymers may be made by controlling their molecular weight with an end capping reagent.

Abstract: A polyamide composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) a semiaromatic polyamide having dicarboxylic acid units mainly composed of aromatic dicarboxylic acid units and diamine units mainly composed of aliphatic diamine units having 4 to 14 carbon atoms and containing not more than 15 ?eq/g of terminal amino groups; and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of (B) a copper compound.

Abstract: Condensing small drug molecules which contain an acid and alcohol, thiol, or phenol, or amine groups to polymerize them with a diimidazole reagent or thionyl chloride-pyridine complex to form a drug polymer which is a polyester or a polyamide in a one-step reaction. Carbonyldiimidazole, or thiocarbonyldiimidazole, or thionyl chloride-pyridine complex, or oxalyl chloride-pyridine complex or any other similar diimidazole, or pyridine reagents are used to condense salicyclic acid itself into a polymer, the polyester polysalicyclic acid. A one-step reaction synthesizes the exclusively active drug ingredients so that the polymers produced consist only of the drugs themselves, the target molecules, thus providing a drug delivery efficiency of 100%.

Abstract: Benzobisazole polymers having repeating units of the formula wherein Z is wherein X is —S—, —O— or —NH—.