Abstract: Disclosed herein are a thermoplastic wholly aromatic polyimide ester consisting essentially of structural units represented by the general formulas I, II, III, and IV: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are either --O-- or --CO-- and may be either identical with or different from each other, n is an integrer of 0 or 1, X group and imide group and imide group in unit II are present at para or meta position to each other, two carbonyl gorups in unit IV are present at para or meta position to each other, and each end of units I, II, III, and IV is bonded to another end trough ester bond, and wherein the polyimide ester has a melt viscosity of 1.0 to 1.0.times.10.sup.5 Pa.multidot.s measured at a shear stress of 0.025 MPa and a temperature of 300.degree. to 400.degree. C.; and a process for producing the thermoplastic wholly aromatic polyimide ester.

Abstract: Aromatic polyamides based on phenoxyterephthalic acid and a process for preparing them. Polyamides and copolyamides based on phenoxyterephthalic acid are resistant to chemicals and can be processed as thermoplastics with no problems.

Abstract: A polymer has a linear recurring unit in which a first organic group (R.sub.1) having at least two carbon atoms and a valence of at least three and a second organic group (R.sub.2) having at least two carbon atoms and a valence of at least two are bonded together alternatively through a divalent connecting group, and containing at least one hydrocarbon group (R.sub.3) having 10 to 30 carbon atoms which is linked to the recurring unit by an ionic bond and which may be substituted.

Abstract: There is provided a new class of diamines of the formula ##STR1## wherein X=NH or O, and R represents a divalent, substituted or unsubstituted organic group having at the most 20 carbon atoms.The diamines, wherein X has the meaning of an O-atom, may be converted with diacids, diacid dichlorides, aromatic carboxylic acid anhydrides or diisocyanates into poly(esteraramid) amides, poly(esteraramid) imides, or poly(esteraramid) urea or, when X stands for an --NH--group, into poly(amidaramid) amides, poly(amidaramid) imides, or poly(amidaramid) urea.The wholly or largely aromatic polyamides, polyurea or polyimides are of an iterative structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to filaments, fibers, pulps, films and sheets from a copolyamide which has at least the recurring structural units of the formulaeA --OC--AR--CO--B --NH--Ar'--NH-- ##STR1## and in which the diamine components B, C and D relative to the total amount of diamine components in mol-% are within a predetermined domain. Such copolyamides can be produced from the corresponding diamines and dicarbonyl dichlorides in aprotic solvents in the presence or absence of metal halides of the first or second group of the periodic table. The spinning solutions obtainable therein can be processed in conventional manner into the claimed shaped structures.

Abstract: Heat resistant, shapable, hydroxy and/or alkoxy-substituted polyamides derived from at least one diamine selected from unsubstituted and substituted 4,4'-bis[2-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl)]diphenyl ether 4,4'-bis-[2-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl]diphenyl ether and a dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof e.g. its acid halo or ester. The polyamides of the invention may be thermally cured to form polybenzoxazoles of higher heat resistance which are stable to hydrolytic, chemical and radiation attack.The polyamides of the invention may be formed into shaped articles by molding, extrusion and solvent casting processes preferably in the presence of a solvent or diluent and then optionally converted into heat resistant, insoluble polybenzoxazoles. These shaped articles are useful in aircraft, electronic and other commercial applications where heat, chemical and radiation resistance are desired in conjunction with good mechanical and electrical properties.

Abstract: Photosensitive iodonium polymers are provided useful as positive photoresists. The iodonium polymers can be converted to polymeric diaryl iodonium polyfluorometal and metalloid salts by a metathesis reaction. These polymeric iodonium polyfluorometal and metalloid salts can be used as a catalyst in combination with a copper compound cocatalyst to make heat curable compositions with cationically polymerizable materials such as an epoxy resin.

Abstract: A thin film comprising a polymer having linear recurring units wherein an organic group R.sup.1 is combined alternately with an organic group R.sup.2 through a bivalent bonding group, wherein each of said group R.sup.1 and said group R.sup.2 has a valence of at least 2 and has at least 2 carbon atoms; each of said linear recurring units having at least one hydrocarbon-containing group R.sup.3 having 10 to 30 carbon atoms bonded with covalent bond, and a device having the thin film. The thin film of the invention is formed by building-up layers of the above polymer by LB technique, and the obtained film can be subjected to ring closure and to elimination of a known LB compound added as occasion demand by heat treatment to provide a thin film having a thickness of not more than 10,000 .ANG. and excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical properties, and the device having the thin film is useful particularly as electric and electronic devices.

Abstract: A soluble heat-resistant aromatic polyamide having amide bonds at the terminal ends thereof represented by the formula (I):R.sup.1 CO--NH--Y--NH--X).sub.n NH--Y--NHCOR.sup.1 (I)wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group or aromatic group,Y represents ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, X represents ##STR2## wherein Z represents an aromatic ring which may be substituted with an alkyl group, andn is a recurring unit number; said polyamide having an inherent viscosity (.eta..sub.inh) of at least 0.30 dl/g as measured in a solution of 0.5 g of the polyamide in 100 ml of dimethylacetamide at 30.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing condensation polymers comprises forming a dispersion of a reaction mixture in a continuous vapor phase, maintaining the dispersion while passing it through a reaction zone, heating the dispersion in the reaction zone to polymerize reactants in the reaction mixture and form a polycondensate.

Abstract: An article of composition which has a barrier layer of an amorphous nylon copolymer. The copolymer is polymerized from (A) a lactam or aminoalkanoic acid, such as caprolactam, (B) an aralkylene or cycloalkylene diamine, such as m-xylylenediamine, and (C) one or more aromatic diacids, such as isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The copolymer barrier layer exhibits excellent oxygen barrier resistance when exposed to moisture.

Abstract: Novel sulfonated polyamide and polyurea materials are described. The polymers are water-soluble or water-dispersible, if not crosslinked. The polymers can be crosslinked with polyvalent cations or crosslinking agents. The polymers have utility as membranes, thickeners, coatings and adhesives.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel, linear polycarbonamides derived from the condensation of 4,4'-bis[2-(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl]diphenyl ether or a derivative thereof with a primary diamine; preferably an aromatic diamine. The novel, linear polycarbonamides of the invention are useful in preparing molded and extruded articles, films and fibers having high thermal stability, resistance to soiling, excellent mechanical properties, good transparency and radiation stability. In addition, they may be processed into useful articles at lower processing temperatures than the comparable polycarbonamides of the prior art.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide of sufficiently high molecular weight is prepared by reacting a diphenyldiamino compound having a hydroxyl or siloxyl group in each phenyl group and a Si-containing substituent in each amino group, e.g. 2,2-bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl) propane, with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalide in an organic solvent. The polyamide can be converted into a polybenzoxazole by a dehydrating and cyclizing reaction at 100.degree.-500.degree. C.

Abstract: Cyclic polyamide oligomers are prepared by the reaction of various spirobiindane diamines, including spirobiindane bisphenol bis-aminophenoxy ethers, with dicarboxylic acid chloride such as isophthaloyl chloride. The oligomer compositions may be converted to copolyamides by reaction with lactams in the presence of basic reagents.

Abstract: New prostheses for ligaments and tendons in humans or animals intended to replace deficient original organs and induce the growth of new-formed tissue, which tissue, in turn, replaces such a prosthesis and reconstitutes an analogue of the original organ, may comprise at least one strand of synthetic polyaramide fibres NOMEX (i.e. polymetaphenylene isophthalamide the fibres not having any having any protective element so that they are placed in direct contact with surrounding live tissues, as a result of which the growth of fibrous new-formed tissue is induced to replace the synthetic fibres which are at least partly eliminated.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystalline extended chain polymer compositions comprising a high concentration of one or more extended chain homopolymer(s), copolymer(s), or block polymer(s) and certain strong acids are prepared by admixing a high concentration of one or more selected homo- or hetero-bifunctional monomer(s) with or without oxidation protecting atoms or groups and one or more of a substantially non-oxidizing strong acid(s) having a high or low P.sub.2 O.sub.5 content. Such compositions are capable of exhibiting excellent cohesive strength, and are especially suited to the production of high molecular weight ordered polymer fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. These liquid crystalline compositions are capable of being drawn through long air gap distances and spun at exceptionally high spin draw ratios. Fibers, films and other articles formed from these liquid crystalline compositions exhibit exceptionally high physical and heat resistant properties.

Abstract: Secondary amine-terminated aromatic oligomers are prepared by conventional reactions for the formation of such polymers as polyimides, polyethersulfones and polyetherketones, using such compounds as methylamino or phenylamino anilines or phenols as endcapping agents. The secondary amine-terminated oligomers may be reacted with cyclic polycarbonate oligomers to prepare copolyurethanecarbonates which are useful as engineering thermoplastics.

Abstract: Heat resistant organic fibers comprising a wholly aromatic polymer having amide group and/or imide group, said fibers having properties satisfying the following formulasTm.gtoreq.350.degree. C.,Tm-Tex.gtoreq.30.degree. C.Xc.gtoreq.10%DE.gtoreq.10%DSR(Tm).ltoreq.15%, and ##EQU1## wherein Tm is a melting point; Tex is an exotherm starting temperature; Xc is a degree or crystallization; DE is an elongation; DSR is a dry shrinkage factor at Tm; and DSR(Tm+55.degree. C.) is a dry shrinkage factor at Tm+55.degree. C. The process for producing the fibers is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polyamide which comprises polycondensing a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine by using a combination of at least one phosphine and at least one disulfide as the condensing agent.

Abstract: Aromatic polyamide resins having repeating units, each containing at least one m-ethynyl amido subunit: ##STR1## These resins can be thermally treated to undergo intra-molecular cyclization, without evolution of volatiles, into polyimidines containing the following subunit.

Abstract: There is presented a poly-p-phenyleneterephthalamide film which is excellent in transparency, sufficiently oriented not only in the MD direction but also in the TD direction of the film, having high strength, elongation, modulus and dimensional stability in both longitudinal and lateral directions, and is also excellent in flatness. The film can be produced by forming an optically anisotropic dope comprising a poly-p-phenyleneterephthalamide having an .eta.inh of 2.5 dl/g or higher and an inorganic strong acid type solvent into a film-shaped dope on a support surface, converting the dope into an optically isotropic dope by water absorption, coagulating the dope, then washing the coagulated product and drying while restricting it shrinkage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing aromatic polyamides by melt condensation of(i) aromatic diamines of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar--NH.sub.2where X=--O-- and Y=--SO.sub.2 -- or X=--SO.sub.2 -- and Y=--O-- and Ar' and Ar"=meta-, para-phenylene, which can be replaced up to 70 mole percent by an aromatic diamine of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar--((Z)q--Ar).sub.r --NH.sub.2where Ar=meta-- or para-phenylene; Z=--O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO--, or --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 -- or mixtures thereof; q=0 or 1; r=0, 1 or 2 and of(ii) isophthalic acid, which can be replaced up to 60 mole % by terephthalic acid, while both acids can be substituted for by an acid with the formula ##STR1## or a dicarboxylic acid with the general formulaHO.sub.2 C--Ar--(A--Ar).sub.p --CO.sub.2 H,where A=--O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO-- or a single bond; and p=0 or 1; in the presence of triphenylphosphite or an acid with the formula H.sub.3 PO.sub.n, where n=2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: A process and its product are disclosed whereby poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide is prepared in a polymerization solvent comprising an N-alkyl-substituted amide, preferably N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and a quaternary ammonium chloride, preferably methyl-tri-n-butylammonium chloride.

Abstract: Polyamide polymers are made by reacting fluorinated xylylene diamine or the corresponding isocyanate derivatives with polycarboxylic moieties such as anhydrides or acid chlorides. The polymers thus formed may be cast into films having superior impermiability to gases and moisture.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing aromatic polyamides having general formula(--CO--Ar--CO--NH--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar'--NH--).sub.mwhere Ar, Ar', and Ar" each represent an m- or p-phenylene group, possibly substituted with alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and X is O and Y is SO.sub.2 or X is SO.sub.2 and Y is O. In the present method, isophthalic and/or terephthalic acids are reacted with diamines of the formulaH.sub.2 N--Ar'--X--Ar"--Y--Ar"--X--Ar--NH.sub.2in the presence of a catalytic amount of an acid derived from phosphorus and having formula H.sub.3 PO.sub.n (where n=2, 3 or 4), or in the presence of triphenyl phosphite, and possibly in the presence of a 4-dialkylaminopyridine, in a polar, aprotic, organic solvent, at temperatures between 160.degree. and 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A new type of aromatic polyamide powder including a large number of fine coalescible particles which have an average size of from 0.1 to 10 .mu.m, which include at least one aromatic amide polymer including 40 to 100 molar % of recurring m-phenylene isophthalamide units and 0 to 60 molar % of at least one other type of additional recurring aromatic amide units, for example, m-phenylene terephthalamide units, and which coalesce with each other to form porous agglomerates having an average size of from 10 to 400 .mu.m and a surface area of from 1 to 20 m.sup.2 /g, and can be compression molded, optionally in mixture with a reinforcing additive, for example, aromatic polyamide fibers having a length of 3 mm or less, at a temperature of 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. under a pressure of 300 to 1000 kg/cm.sup.2 for 20 minutes to 5 hours, to produce shaped articles having excellent mechanical properties and appearance.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide having a high molecular weight is produced by a polycondensation reaction of an aromatic aminocarboxylic acid and/or a mixture of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic diamine in a polar solvent in the presence of a dehydrating catalyst with heating at a temperature of about 160.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: This invention provides novel polymers which are characterized by a recurring structural unit that contains a pendant quinoid structure and that exhibits nonlinear optical response.The following structure is illustrative of an invention polymer: ##STR1## where m is an integer of at least 3.

Abstract: A two stage process for the production of benzimidazole/aromatic amide polymers and copolymers and wholly aromatic polyamides is provided wherein an aromatic amine component comprising an aromatic diamine or triamine and optionally, an aromatic tetraamine is reacted with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and/or ester. The reactants are heated with agitation in a first stage to a temperature at least sufficient to initiate condensate evolution. The agitation is then discontinued and the reaction is allowed to proceed, in many cases with the formation of a foam while heating is continued. The reaction mass is then allowed to solidify by cooling and is crushed to a ground prepolymer which is heated with agitation in a second stage to a temperature higher than that of the first stage until the desired polymer is obtained. The invention also includes certain benzimidazole/aromatic amide polymers and copolymers as new compositions of matter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for the production of shaped polybenzimidazole articles which comprises forming a solvent solution of the polymer, depositing the solution on a support to form a film, removing sufficient solvent from the deposited film such that the film contains from about 10 to about 30 percent by weight of said solvent and compression molding the resulting product into a shaped article. Thus, this invention provides a unique process for the forming of molded shaped articles from polybenzimidazole based polymers.

Abstract: A new type of aromatic polyamide powder including a large number of fine coalescible paticles which have an average size of from 0.1 to 10 .mu.m, which include at least one aromatic amide polymer including 40 to 100 molar % of recurring m-phenylene isophthalamide units and 0 to 60 molar % of at least one other type of additional recurring aromatic amide units, for example, m-phenylene terephthalamide units, and which coalesce with each other to form porous agglomeraters having an average size of from 10 to 400 .mu.m and a surface area of from 1 to 20 m.sup.2 /g, and can be compression molded, optionally in mixture with a reinforcing additive, for example, aromatic polyamide fibers having a length of 3 mm or less, at a temperature of 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. under a pressure of 300 to 1000 kg/cm.sup.2 for 20 minutes to 5 hours, to produce shaped articles having excellent mechanical properties and appearance.

Abstract: Described herein are amide and/or imide containing polymers based on novel monomers that contain isoalkylidene bridges. These polymers have excellent toughness combined with high temperature stability, low water absorption, and good melt-fabricability.

Abstract: A polymer having repeating units of the general formula ##STR1## wherein BB is a benzobisaxazole, benzobisthiazole or benzobisimidazole group and Y is a phenolic, pyridyl or phenoxyphenyl group.

Abstract: Novel compositions comprising a high concentration of one or more extended chain homopolymer, copolymer, or block polymer and certain polyphosphoric acids are prepared under conditions to exercise control of molecular weight as characterized by intrinsic visoscity. Such compositions are optically anisotropic (liquid crystlaline), capable of exhibiting excellent cohesive strength, and are especially suited to the production of high molecular weight ordered polymer fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. These liquid crystalline compositions are capable of being drawn through long air gap distances and spun at excptionally high spin draw ratios. Fibers, films and other articles formed from these liquid crystalline compositions exhibit exceptionally high physical and heat resistant properties.

Abstract: Yarns of copoly(p-phenylene terephthalamide/2,6-naphthalamide) are disclosed which exhibit toughness and tenacity greater than the toughness and tenacity of yarns of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) having the same dimensions and made by the same process.

Abstract: A process and its product are disclosed whereby poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide is prepared in a polymerization solvent comprising an N-alkyl-substituted amide, preferably N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and a quaternary ammonium chloride, preferably methyl-tri-n-butylammonium chloride.

Abstract: In a multilayer printed circuit board comprising an insulating substrate and a plurality of circuit elements provided thereon in layers, each of which is composed of a circuit pattern and an insulating resin layer provided over the circuit pattern, the circuit patterns arranged adjacently to each other being portionwise connected electrically through via at least one hole, the improvement in which said insulating resin layer comprises a photoset resin of an aromatic polyamide having at least 10 molar % of a constitutional unit of the formula (Ia): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently is a hydrogen atom or a residue of a reactive organic compound, Ar.sup.1 is a divalent aromatic residue, and Ar.sup.2 is a divalent aromatic residue possessing a photosensitive group.

Abstract: Aromatic polyamide resins having repeating units, each containing at least one m-ethynyl amido subunit: ##STR1## These resins can be thermally treated to undergo intra-molecular cyclization, without evolution of volatiles, into polyimidines containing the following subunit.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyamide resins useful for forming containers having improved resistance to gas permeability. The containers are formed from a polyamide resin which comprises the reaction product of a diamine containing 2 to about 10 carbon atoms and a diacid component which comprises about 25 to 95 mole percent of a first diacid selected from 1,4-phenylenedioxy diacetic acid, 1,3-phenylenedioxy diacetic acid, 1,2-phenylenedioxy diacetic acid, and mixtures thereof, and about 5 to about 75 mole percent of a naphthalene dicarboxylic acid. The polyamide resin has an inherent viscosity of about 0.5 to 1.5. The containers which are provided by the present invention may be in the form of sheet, film, molded articles, such as bottles, and other such structures.

Abstract: Aromatic polythioetheramide polymers having a repeating unit represented by the formulae as shown below and a process for the production thereof are described. These polymers have excellent moldability, flame retardance, heat resistance, and chemical resistance, and are suitable for use as engineering plastics: ##STR1## wherein all the symbols are the same as defined in the specification and claims.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic polyamides mixed with SiO.sub.2, which is characterized in that terephthalic (isophthalic) acid is subjected to polycondensation with aromatic diamines in the presence of SiCl.sub.4 and tertiary aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, to the polyamides which are produced as a mixture with SiO.sub.2 and to a process for their isolation.

Abstract: An organic solvent-soluble photosensitive polyamide resin usable for producing photoset resin product having excellent heat resistance and electrical and mechanical properties, comprising a polycondensation product of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component with an aromatic diamine component consisting of 10 to 100 molar % of a photosensitive diamine compound of the formula (I) and 10 to 90 molar % of a non-photosensitive diamine compound of the formula (II),H.sub.2 N--R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2 (I)H.sub.2 N--R.sub.2 --NH.sub.2 (II)wherein R.sub.1 represents an aromatic divalent residue having a photosensitive radical and R.sub.2 represents an armoatic divalent residue having no photosensitive radical.

Abstract: A diether-linked bisorthodinitrile monomer having the formula: ##STR1## is mixed with an amine curing agent and heated to a temperature sufficient o induce polymerization. The resulting polymer has a range of conductivity which is a function of the cure time and temperature.

Abstract: 2,2',6,6'-Tetramethyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid is prepared by the oxidation of bimesityl and derivatives of the dicarboxylic acid are used in the preparation of polyesters of high molecular weight.

Abstract: Thermally stable aromatic heterocyclic block copolymers are prepared by reacting a diamino monomer and terephthalic acid to form a carboxy-terminated rigid rod segment and then polymerizing a carboxy-monoamine monomer therewith to form flexible segments grafted onto the rigid rod segments.

Abstract: Thermally stable aromatic heterocyclic block copolymers are prepared by reacting a diamino monomer and terephthalic acid to form a carboxy-terminated rigid rod segment and then polymerizing a carboxy-monoamine monomer therewith to form flexible segments grafted onto the rigid rod segments.

Abstract: Aromatic-aliphatic diamines of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar is an arylene or substituted arylene are useful in preparing thermally stable, rigid, polyamides, polyureas and polyurethanes having a repeating unit of the formula ##STR2## in which Ar is arylene or substituted arylene, X is --NH-- or --O--, n is 0 or 1, and R is a divalent organic radical.

Abstract: Poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) fibers having a very high tensile strength is described. The fibers consist essentially of poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) having an inherent viscosity of at least 5 dl/g as determined at 25.degree. C. in sulfuric acid having a concentration of 98 wt. % at a polymer concentration of 0.5 g/dl. The fibers are composed of single filaments of 0.5 to 3 denier, wherein the single filament tensile strength is at least 35 g/denier. The macrovoid number, hereinbefore defined, of the fibers is not more than 10 per 100 mm. The asymmetry, hereinbefore defined, of the fibers is not more than 0.2.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyamide film, which comprises drawing an undrawn aromatic polyamide film biaxially at a draw ratio of at least 1.5 in a solvent mixture consisting of (a) 5% to 75% by weight of a good solvent of the aromatic polyamide and (b) 25% to 95% by weight of a non-solvent of the aromatic polyamide, and heat treating the drawn film, which contains at least 1% by weight, based on the weight of the film, of a good solvent of said aromatic polyamide, at a temperature of not lower than 150.degree. C.An m-phenyleneisophthalamide polymer film having extremely excellent dimensional stability under moist conditions, which film has a density d of from 1.35 to 1.41 g/cm.sup.3 and principal refractive indices n.sub..alpha., n.sub..beta. and n.sub..gamma. (n.sub..alpha. >n.sub..beta. >n.sub..gamma.