Abstract: Described are crystalline block copolymers displaying high glass transition temperatures, excellent mechanical properties, excellent chemical and thermal stability, and good melt processability. These block polymers contain segments of crystalline poly(aryl ether ketones).

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of resin particles and polymeric dye components of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkylene and arylene; B is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group and a polyether group; and n represents a number of from 2 to about 100.

Abstract: Cyclic monocarbonate bischloroformates are prepared by the reaction of a carbonyl halide such as phosgene with a bridged substituted resorcinol or hydroquinone such as bis(2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylphenyl)methane or bis(2,5-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methane in the presence of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide. The cyclic monocarbonate bischloroformates may be used for the preparation of linear or cyclic polycarbonates containing cyclic carbonate structural units, which may in turn be converted to crosslinked polycarbonates.

Abstract: A process for preparing oligomers and telechels of poly(carboxy-piperazine) and new oligomers the telechels of poly(carboxy-piperazine), wherein the process involves condensation of piperazine or piperazine-N-carboxylic acid esters or their reaction with piperazine or piperidine derivatives to form an intermediate which is reacted with diphenyl carbonate in the presence of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: Linear polycarbonates of controlled molecular weight are prepared by first reacting a bischloroformate composition with a monohydroxyaromatic compound in a system comprising water, a base and a suitable organic liquid, and then converting the resulting partially capped bischloroformate composition to linear polycarbonate by contact with an interfacial polycarbonate formation catalyst in an alkaline medium. By this method, the efficiency of the capping agent is improved.

Abstract: Novel polycarbonate latex compositions comprising 0.1 to 30 mole percent of recurring units containing a carboxyl or a tertiary amine acid addition salt component are disclosed.The latex compositions are made by:(a) preparing a polycarbonate comprising from about 0.1 to 30 mole percent of recurring units having a carboxyl or a tertiary amine acid addition component;(b) dissolving the polycarbonate in a water miscible solvent having a boiling point below about 100.degree. C.;(c) blending the solution of (b) with water; and(d) removing the water-miscible solvent.

Abstract: Cyclic polycarbonate mixtures containing units derived from spirobiindane bisphenols, preferably 6,6'-dihydroxy-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylspirobiindane, are prepared from the corresponding bischloroformates or mixtures thereof with bisphenols. They may be homopolymeric or copolymeric; cyclic oligomer mixtures are preferred. Such oligomers may be converted to linear polycarbonates having high glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: A polycarbonate containing from 25 to 100% by weight, based on the total carbonate bond-constituting units, of carbonate bond-constituting units each containing at least one pendant aromatic group, and having an average molecular weight of from 9,500 to 14,000.

Abstract: Cyclic polycarbonate (or thiol analog) oligomer mixtures are prepared by the reaction of bishaloformates or their thio analogs, or mixtures thereof with dihydroxy or dimercapto compounds, with alkali metal hydroxides and various amines. The oligomer mixtures may be converted to polycarbonates or their thiol analogs by a method which is particularly adaptable to integration with polycarbonate processing operations. Polymerization may be conducted simultaneously with molding, extrusion and the like. The oligomer mixtures are adaptable to the preparation of filled prepregs.

Abstract: A process, and product produced therefrom, for preparing a high molecular weight poly(arylene sulfide ketone) from the reaction product of an alkali metal bisulfide with an alkali metal hydroxide, employing molar excess of alkali metal bisulfide with respect to the alkali metal hydroxide. A process, and product produced therefrom, for preparing a high molecular weight poly(arylene sulfide ketone) employing an alkali metal sulfide and an alkali metal hydrosulfide, wherein the alkali metal sulfide is added in a molar excess with respect to the alkali metal hydrosulfide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing aromatic polyketone, comprising reacting a compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 respectively represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom and n is an integer of from 0 to 5,with phosgene (i) in the presence of a fluoroalkanesulfonic acid or (ii) in hydrogen fluoride in the presence of boron trifluoride at a temperature of from 65.degree. to 90.degree. C.

Abstract: Cyclic polycarbonate (or thiol analog) oligomer mixtures are prepared by the reaction of bishaloformates or their thio analogs or mixtures thereof with dihydroxy or dimercapto compounds, with alkali metal hydroxides and various amines. The oligomer mixtures may be converted to polycarbonates or their thiol analogs by a method which is particularly adaptable to integration with polycarbonate processing operations.

Abstract: Cyclic polycarbonate oligomers are prepared by a method which is adaptable to continuous operation, by the reaction of a bisphenol bischloroformate (e.g., bisphenol A bischloroformate) with an amine (e.g., triethylamine) and an alkali metal hydroxide in a tank reactor (preferably a continuous stirred tank reactor) in a mixed aqueous-organic system, with agitation (preferably by stirring) at a rate just sufficient to prevent segregation of the aqueous and organic liquid phases. The residence time of the mixture in the reactor is preferably about 8-12 minutes.

Abstract: A thermotropic polyester carbonate containing aromatic diacyl moieties, aromatic dihydroxy moieties and carbonate moieties, wherein up to 50 mole percent of the aromatic dioxy moieties are replaced with aliphatic dihydroxy moiety, such as 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol.

Abstract: This invention relates to moldable polycarbonate compositions and in particular to moldable polycarbonates which have ordered alternating repeating units derived from bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (TMBS) and 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol A) dihaloformate, or ordered, alternating repeating units derived from bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone (TMBS) dihaloformate and a bisphenol compound such as 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol A). Such polycarbonates exhibit improved hydrolytic stability and also excellent processability in molding applications.

Abstract: Alkyl-substituted thiapolycyclic polyahls such as dimethyl-9-thiabicyclononane diamines form polymers that have improved physical properties.

Abstract: New chlorocarbonic esters of the formula ##STR1## new polycyclic carbonic esters of the formula ##STR2## and new copolymers obtainable by copolymerization of the new polycyclic carbonic esters of the formula (III) with monocyclic carbonates.

Abstract: A process for producing polycarbonate resin particles from a methylene chloride solution of a polycarbonate resin obtained by the polycondensation of a dihydroxydiaryl compound and phosgene, which comprises continuously supplying the methylene chloride solution of the polycarbonate resin to a particle-forming vessel, heating it while maintaining it in a suspended state in water to evaporate methylene chloride and to form an aqueous slurry containing polycarbonate resin particles, subjecting at least a part of the resulting aqueous slurry withdrawn from the particle-forming vessel and containing the polycarbonate resin particles to wet pulverization treatment and recycling at least a part of the treated polycarbonate resin particles to the particle-forming vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for preparing specified amorphous polycarbonate polyols. The process comprises reacting phosgene, a branched-chain polyhydric alcohol, and a straight chain polyhydric alcohol in the presence of a solvent and in the absence of a catalyst at a temperature of about 60.degree. to 100.degree. C., and then contacting the amorphous polycarbonate product in the reaction mixture with a catalytic amount of a tertiary amine at reflux temperature for a period of time of at least about 30 minutes. The straight chain polyhydric alcohol is employed in an amount of about 3 to 40 mole percent, based upon the total amount of polyhydric alcohol present in the reaction system. A preferred branched-chain polyhydric alcohol is neopentyl glycol, and a preferred straight chain polyhydric alcohol is 1,6-hexanediol. Preferred solvents are xylene and toluene, and preferred tertiary amines are triethylamine and pyridine.

Abstract: A body absorbable polymeric material for implantation which is a condensation product of reacting a diamine with lactic or glycolic acid to form a diamidediol which is then reacted with a bischloroformate or a compound selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, methyl and ethyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, diacidchlorides, and anhydrides of a dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Polyisocyanates are produced by phosgenating a primary polyamine in the presence of at least one compound containing at least one primary and/or secondary alcoholic hydroxyl group in accordance with techniques known in the art. The reactants are used in quantities such that the equivalent ratio of primary amino groups to alcoholic hydroxyl group of from 1:0.005 to 1:0.99 is maintained during the phosgenation reaction. Where phosgenation is carried out in a two-stage process, the compound containing alcoholic hydroxyl groups must at least be present in the required quantity during the second stage. The primary polyamine may optionally be converted into a phosgenatable salt or a carbon dioxide adduct prior to being phosgenated to form the polyisocyanate. The polyisocyanates thus-produced may then be used in the production of polyurethanes or polyamines.

Abstract: Polymer-containing polyether polyamines containing terminal aromatically-bound amino groups are produced by in situ polymerization of a polyether polyamine with an olefinically unsaturated monomer. The polyether polyamine starting material must have terminal aromatic amino groups, a molecular weight of from 800 to 10,000 and an aromatic amino group content of from 0.3 to 16 wt. %. Suitable olefinically unsaturated monomers include .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitriles, aromatic vinyl compounds, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters thereof, vinyl esters, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid amides and aminoalkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids. Acrylonitrile/styrene mixtures are preferred monomers. The starting materials are employed in quantities such that the product modified polyether polyamine contains from 1 to 60 wt. % polymer or graft-polymer. The product polyamines are particularly useful in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high molecular weight thermoplastic hexahydro-furo-(3,2-b)-furane-3,6-diol based copolycarbonates useful as molding resins and to a method for their preparation.

Abstract: An optical element including an optical resin composition consisting essentially of a polycarbonate is disclosed. Said optical resin composition have a melt flow rate of more than or equal to 5.0 g/10 min. as measured based on ISO R-1133 Standard under the condition of 230.degree. C. and 5 kgf. and have a glass transition point of more than or equal to 100.degree. C. Said polycarbonate include a major repeating unit represented by the formula (I) or (II). ##STR1## wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 each represent an arylene group or a cycloalkylene group; R represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, --O--, --O--Ar.sub.3 --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 --Ar.sub.3 --SO.sub.2 --, --R.sub.1 --Ar.sub.4 --R.sub.1 --, --O--R.sub.1 --O--, ##STR2## --CONH--R.sub.1 --NHCO--, or --Ar.sub.5 --R.sub.1 --; Ar.sub.3 and Ar.sub.4 each represent a phenylene group or a bisphenylene group; R.sub.1 represents an alkylene group; R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group; Ar.sub.

Abstract: Polymeric carbonate diols are prepared by coupling segments of copolyether glycols with a dialkyl carbonate, with a cyclic carbonate, or with phosgene.The carbonate diols are useful in preparing polyurethanes.

Abstract: Polyether carbonate diols are prepared by coupling segments of a poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol with a dialkyl carbonate, a cyclic carbonate or with phosgene. The carbonate diols are useful in preparing polyurethanes.

Abstract: Aromatic-aliphatic diamines of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar is an arylene or substituted arylene are useful in preparing thermally stable, rigid, polyamides, polyureas and polyurethanes having a repeating unit of the formula ##STR2## in which Ar is arylene or substituted arylene, X is --NH-- or --O--, n is 0 or 1, and R is a divalent organic radical. Polymers of this invention can be melt-spun into thermally stable fibers.

Abstract: Carbonate polymers having increased thermal stability are prepared by incorporating into the polymer chain an oligomer having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is the divalent residue of a dihydric phenol or a dihydric polynuclear phenol,R.sub.1 is an alkyl, aralkyl or alkaryl group having 1 to 25 carbons, and n is a number having an average value of 1-200.

Abstract: Cyanacrylic acid ester based glues with a reduced setting time comprising a cyanacrylic acid ester and from 0.005% to 3% by weight, based on the cyanacrylic acid ester of a polyoxyalkylene glycol diester having the formula ##STR1## wherein x is an integer from 5 to 80, Alk is an alkylene having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent members selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halogen, lower alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cyanoalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, haloalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, nitroalkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkynyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, nitrophenyl, halophenyl, phenylalkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl and alkylphenyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of polyol compounds as branching agents for the manufacture of randomly branched novel polycarbonates. The polycarbonates are useful for the fabrication of blow molded articles.

Abstract: The new thermoplastic copolyester carbonates which are based on polybutylene glycols and hexahydrophthalic acid or trimethyladipic acid, as well as admixtures of copolyester carbonates of this type with known polycarbonates are suitable for thermoplastic moulding compositions, particularly where good stability to solvents, such as petrol, is required.

Abstract: Segment-ester polycarbonates have improved resistance to high heat distortion when portions of the polymer contain units derived from 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol and derivatives thereof. Preferred high heat distortion segment-ester polycarbonates include the copolyestercarbonate with segments derived from isophthalic acid and 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol and/or terephthalic acid and 4,4'-cyclohexylidenediphenol. Films made of the segment-ester copolycarbonates have improved resistance to high heat distortion.

Abstract: Improved flame retardance is imparted to high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonate resins by selecting appropriate fluorinated diphenols and incorporating them in homopolymers or copolymers. The fluorinated diphenols have at least one fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated aryl group upon the methylene carbon atom positioned between the two phenol ring structures. The polycarbonates having improved flame retardance are made from fluorinated diphenols and halogen-containing carbonate precursors. Copolycarbonates having improved flame retardance are derived from the fluorinated diphenols and non-fluorinated diphenols. The flame retardant polycarbonates may be used in films and molded articles where improved resistance to flame is desirable.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polyesterpolycarbonate, which comprises polycondensing (a) a dihydroxydiaryl compound, (b) a terephthaloyl chloride and/or isophthaloyl chloride reactant, and (c) phosgene by an interfacial polymerization process in the presence of water, methylene chloride and an acid binding agent thereby preparing an aromatic polyesterpolycarbonate product containing structural units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a divalent group, and the aromatic rings may be substituted, and structural units of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X is a divalent group, and the aromatic rings may be substituted, said condensation reaction being characterized in that after at least 95% of the total --COCl groups in the terephthaloyl chloride and/or isophthaloyl chloride and phosgene starting materials has reacted, a chloroformate compound or additional phosgene is added to the reaction mixture in an amount to bring the concentration of --COCl groups to a level of 10 to 1000 .mu.

Abstract: In the preparation of a substantially linear carbonate polymer wherein carbonic dihalide is introduced to a substantially anhydrous solution comprising at least one substituted or unsubstituted 1,3-propanediol, the coproduction of cyclic carbonate is reduced by the presence in the solution of a catalytic amount of nitrogen-containing, hydrohalide salt-forming, thermally regenerable organic catalyst. The preferred carbonic dihalide is phosgene and the preferred catalyst is pyridine.

Abstract: Poly(arylene ketones) are prepared by the reaction of difunctional aromatic compounds with derivatives of thio- or dithiocarbonic acids in the presence of a superacid catalyst system. In a preferred embodiment, diphenyl ether reacts with S-methyl chlorothioformate in HF/BF.sub.3 to produce poly(p-phenyleneoxy-p-phenylene carbonyl), i.e.

Abstract: Copolycarbonate resins are prepared from an aromatic diol and a carbonic acid derivative. 2,2-bis(p-hydroxy-phenyl) 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane is co-reacted in a minor amount with the aromatic diol and carbonic acid derivative to form a polycarbonate having improved heat distortion characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for working up alkaline two-phase mixtures which have been obtained in the synthesis of polycarbonates by the two-phase boundary process, characterized in that for the separation of the alkaline two-phase mixture into an organic phase and an aqueous phase, the mixture is supplied with shearing energy and/or added are one or more cationic emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents and/or in that, for the separation of the acidified two-phase mixture into an organic phase and an aqueous phase, the mixture is supplied with shearing energy and/or added are one or more cationic emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents and/or in that the organic phase which was separated off after the acidification is washed with water to which one or more water-soluble, organic anionic compounds have been added.

Abstract: Polycarbonate copolymers are provided consisting essentially of chemically combined bisphenol carbonate units and having from about 5 to 70 mole percent of such chemically combined bisphenol carbonate units in the form of o,p'-bisphenol dichloroethylene carbonate units. The polycarbonate copolymers have been found to possess valuable flame retardant properties and improved processability.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for the preparation of copolyesters containing both carboxylate and carbonate groups. The process comprises reacting a carbonyl halide with a difunctional carboxylic acid and a dihydroxy compound in a reaction media which comprises water and a water immmiscible solvent in the presence of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: UV stabilizing units are incorporated in a polycarbonate molecule to impart UV stability to the polycarbonate.

Abstract: Poly(ester carbonate) polymers are prepared by reaction of bifunctional phenolates in an aqueous phase with phosgene and with the acyl halide of a bifunctional carboxylic acid halide such as terephthaloyl chloride in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane. At least a portion of the phosgene is reacted with the phenolate before or during reaction of the acid chloride with the phenolate to avoid the formation of polyester blocks which have limited solubility in the organic solvent. After reaction is complete, or at any stage wherein oligomers are formed, the aqueous phase can be cleanly removed and easily separated from the organic phase, and the organic phase readily washed free of by-products. The final polymer product is recovered from the washed organic phase and is colorless, substantially amorphous and melt processable, and has a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: A process for the production of polymeric carbamate from polyalkylene polyamines which provides for the efficient separation of the product mixture into a hydrocarbon phase containing the carbamate and a polyamine phase containing the polyamine hydrochloride salt utilizes an excess of polyamine reactant containing a limited amount of water. The process is particularly suited to the production of monocarbamate.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates by direct polymerization of a dihydric phenol and an acid dichloride at a single pH profile level.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates employing diacid chlorides and following a pH processing profile. The copolyester-carbonates produced exhibit physical properties similar to those of high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonates.

Abstract: Condensation polymers or addition polymers which contain sterically hindered polyalkylpiperidine groups are proposed as light stabilizers for plastics. The polymers concerned are relatively low-molecular polymers and a difunctional derivative of a polyalkylpiperidine is additionally used for themanufacture of these. The piperidine radical can be present in the main chain or as a side group of the polymeric stabilizer. Polymeric stabilizers of this type do not tend to migrate out of the plastic or to be removed by extraction; they are therefore very permanent in use.

Abstract: Condensation polymers or addition polymers which contain sterically hindered polyalkylpiperidine groups are proposed as light stabilizers for plastics. The polymers concerned are relatively low-molecular polymers and a difunctional derivative of a polyalkylpiperidine is additionally used for the manufacture of these. The piperidine radical can be present in the main chain or as a side group of the polymeric stabilizer. Polymeric stabilizers of this type do not tend to migrate out of the plastic or to be removed by extraction; they are therefore very permanent in use.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Polycarbonates, of the type formed by reacting an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic 1,2-monoepoxide with carbon dioxide and having substantially alternating units of epoxide and carbon dioxide, are improved in thermal stability by reacting the free hydroxyl groups thereon with a hydroxyl reactive sulfur compound.The resulting end capped polycarbonates are useful for producing molded products, films, and packages which are resistant to thermal degradation.