Abstract: Polymers useful as orthopedic implants or vehicles for the sustained delivery of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and agricultural agents are prepared in such a manner that the rate and degree to which they are hydrolyzed can be controlled without addition of exogenous acid. This control results from the incorporation of esters of short-chain .alpha.-hydroxy acids such as esters of glycolic acid, lactic acid or glycolic-co-lactic acid copolymer into the polymer chain and variation of the amount of these esters relative to the polymer as a whole.

Abstract: A reaction of perfluoroolefins with bis(silyl) ethers to produce novel partially fluorinated and perfluorinated copolymers and macrocyclic compounds is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(allylamine) polymer and, more generally, a hydrocarbon amine polymer. Preferably, these polymers are crosslinked. The present invention also relates to methods of forming these polymers and methods for their use. Further, the present invention relates to alkylating agents that can be employed to form the polymers and to methods for forming the alkylating agents. Generally, the polymer sequestrant includes a substituent bound to an amine of the polymer. The substituent includes a quaternary amine-containing moiety having one, two or three terminal hydrophobic substituents. A method of preparing quaternary amine-containing alkylating agents includes reacting an unsymmetrical dihalide with a tertiary amine having at least one hydrophobic substituent. A method for binding bile salts of bile acids in a mammal includes orally administering to the mammal a therapeutically-effective amount of the polymer sequestrant.

Abstract: A method of reducing reactor fouling in a polyketone polymerization process so as to allow continuous operation of the process. The method comprises contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide and one or more olefins in the presence of a suitable catalyst and a liquid diluent in a polymerization reactor characterized in that the gas head space in the reactor is no more than 5% of the total internal volume of the reactor or the polymerization reactor has substantially no head space. Where a loop reactor is employed, fouling of the loop conduit is reduced by maintaining the contents of the loop conduit in a turbulent state and above a minimum flow velocity.

Abstract: A polythioether has the formulaR.sup.1 --?--R.sup.2 --S--CH(CH.sub.3)--S--!.sub.n --R.sup.2 --R.sup.1whereinR.sup.1 denotes a thiol group, a hydroxyl group, an unsubstituted amine group, a monoalkyl-substituted amine group, a monovalent radical substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, unsubstituted amine group or monoalkyl-substituted amine group, or a group that is non-reactive in the presence of an acid catalyst,R.sup.2 denotes a divalent radical, andn is an integer from 1 to 60.The polythioether is a liquid at room temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of poly(vinyl N-heterocycle)-block-poly(alkylene oxide) copolymers in micelle containing pharmaceutical formulations. The copolymers advantageously respond to pH differences in the environment to which they are exposed forming micelles at higher pH values. The micelles, which comprise a therapeutic compound and a copolymer, deliver drug in a pH dependent manner.

Abstract: A alternating aliphatic polyketone polymer is surface derivatized to alter the surface properties of an article without affecting the bulk properties of the polymer it is made from. Derivitization may be done with reducing agents and/or silylating agents. Articles so produced display a range of improved properties including reduced wettability and improved tribological properties such as lubricity and wear resistance.

Abstract: A polyketone is provided wherein the polyketone is water soluble and curable. A method to make a such a polymer is also disclosed, the method including the steps of: providing a polyketone, the polyketone comprising 1,4-diketone units; contacting the polyketone with a diamine wherein the diamine comprises one nitrogen which is more reactive than another of the nitrogens under conditions effective to incorporate the more reactive nitrogen in the polyketone; contacting the polyketone having the diamine incorporated into the polyketone with maleic anhydride under conditions effective to react the less reactive nitrogen with the maleic anhydride; contacting the polyketone having maleic anhydride incorporated thereto with a strong base; and recovering a functionalized polyketone wherein the functionalized polyketone is water soluble and curable.

Abstract: Polymeric amines are provided that have N-substituted 2,5-pyrrolediyl groups incorporated in the backbone wherein the N-substituted 2,5-pyrrolediyl group may be represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group and wherein B represents the substituent containing at least one primary amino group.

Abstract: A gas phase process for the preparation of co-polymers comprising reacting carbon monoxide and an ethylenically unsaturated compound in the presence of a catalyst system based on(a) a source of cations of a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table;(b) a source of anions which comprise a plurality of boron atoms or a source of organic boron containing anions or an aluminoxane; and(c) a source of ligands.

Abstract: A polymer including mers of the formulas: ##STR1## and copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Tetrahydrofuran/but-2-yne-1,4-diol copolymers containing C--C triple bonds and having an average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 500 to 3500 Dalton and a content of from 0.5 to 3 mol of triple bonds/mol of copolymer and blends of these copolymers with polytetrahydrofuran having an average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 500 to 3500 Dalton, processes for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: A functionalized polymer according to the invention includes a polymer molecule having the general formula AYLi where A is a cyclic amine-containing radical having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a divalent alkylene, an oxy- or amino-alkylene, or substituted alkylene having from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is a linear-, branched-, or cyclo-alkylene having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; and Y is a divalent polymer radical and Li is a lithium atom bonded to a carbon atom of Y.

Abstract: The present invention is a cyanate resin monomer having the formula:NCO--CH.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --OCNwhere n is an even integer from 6 to 10, inclusive.Another aspect of the invention is an essentially pure cyanate resin mono having the formula:NCO--CH.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --OCNwhere n=3, 4, 6, 8, or 10. Another aspect of the invention is a prepolymer made by the process of heating a monomer of the invention to a conversion below the gel point. Another aspect of the invention is a method for depositing an interlevel dielectric resin on an integrated circuit, having the steps: (a) coating the integrated circuit with a thin film of a prepolymer made by the process of heating a monomer of the invention to below the gel point, and (b) curing the prepolymer to at least the gel point. Another aspect of the invention is a low dielectric thermoset polymer resin made from these monomers.

Abstract: A polyketone solution is prepared by the dissolution of alternating aliphatic polyketone in a solution of ZnX.sub.2. X can be Cl, Br, or I. At a given temperature, these solvents completely dissolve polyketone when aqueous or organic solutions are made from particular concentrations.

Abstract: A polyketone composition having improved processability consisting of a polyketone, a thermosettable epoxy resin and a curing agent sufficient to cure the epoxy resin when exposed to processing temperatures such as injection molding to form a finished article. When the composition is exposed to processing temperatures to form a finished article, the article consists of a continuous polyketone phase having dispersed therein cured particles of epoxy resin.

Abstract: Polyketone polymers are cured by exposure to high energy radiation. Radiation sources include gamma radiation sources such as Co.sup.60 emitters as well as e-beam, ion and other commercially used sources of high energy radiation. The materials so produced are high molecular weight crosslinked polyketone polymers which exhibit enhanced mechanical and tribological properties.

Abstract: A composite of a polyketone and an amine modified acid copolymer having low acid content is presented. The composite may also have additional layers of other polymers such as polyolefins. Processes for making these composite and a kit of parts suitable for making these composites are also presented.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound in which a powder of a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound is suspended in a liquid diluent. The suspension is contacted with a catalyst composition which is soluble in the diluent and which is based on a Group VIII metal and a bidentate ligand. The catalyst composition is used in such a quantity that in the polymerization mixture more than 0.1 mmoles of the Group VIII metal is present per liter of liquid phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(allylamine) polymer and, more generally, a hydrocarbon amine polymer. Preferably, these polymers are crosslinked. The present invention also relates to methods of forming these polymers and methods for their use. Further, the present invention relates to alkylating agents that can be employed to form the polymers and to methods for forming the alkylating agents Generally, the polymer sequestrant includes a substituent bound to an amine of the polymer. The substituent includes a quaternary amine-containing moiety having one, two or three terminal hydrophobic substituents. A method of preparing quaternary amine-containing alkylating agents includes reacting an unsymmetrical dihalide with a tertiary amine having at least one hydrophobic substituent. A method for binding bile salts of bile acids in a mammal includes orally administering to the mammal a therapeutically-effective amount of the polymer sequestrant.

Abstract: Copolymers of carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated compounds are obtainable by polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a metal complex of the formula (I) ##STR1## where the substituents and indices have the following meanings: M is a metal from group VIIIB of the Periodic Table of the Elements,E.sup.1, E.sup.2 are each an element from group VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,Z is a structural unit having a bridging atom selected from among the elements of groups IVA, VA and VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -organic and C.sub.3 -C.sub.30 -organosilicon radicals, where at least one of the four radicals is a nonaromatic radical,L.sup.1, L.sup.2 are formally charged or uncharged ligandsX are formally monovalent or polyvalent anionsp is 0, 1 or 2m, n are 0, 1 or 2where p=m.times.n.

Abstract: Process for preparing polycondensates of aspartic acid by polycondensation of aspartic acid at from 140.degree. to 300.degree. C. in the presence of sulfuric acid which has been partially neutralized with ammonia and/or amines as catalyst, and use of the reaction mixtures obtainable in this way or of the reaction mixtures neutralized with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal bases as additive to phosphate-free or reduced phosphate detergents and cleaners.

Abstract: A process for preparing salts of polyaspartic acid by treating polycondensates in aqueous medium with bases, employing at least 0.7 equivalent of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal base per mole of the aspartimide, aspartic acid and/or aspartamide units present in the polycondensates, and the bases being added within from 30 min to 20 hours to an aqueous suspension of polycondensates of aspartic acid which has been heated to 40.degree.-140.degree. C., and the reaction mixture being allowed to react further where appropriate, and the use of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salts of polyaspartic acids obtainable by treating polycondensates of aspartic acid in aqueous medium with more than 1 equivalent of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal base, with the molecular weight of the polycondensates being reduced, as additive to detergents and cleaners.

Abstract: An emulsion of a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound dispersed in an aqueous diluent; a curable resin composition in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound and a curing agent; and a polymer which is produced by grafting a polymer comprising poly(ethene oxide) moiety in its molecular structure onto a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for polymerizing ethylene, acyclic olefins, and/or selected cyclic olefins, and optionally selected olefinic esters or carboxylic acids, and other monomers. The polymerizations are catalyzed by selected transition metal compounds, and sometimes other co-catalysts. Since some of the polymerizations exhibit some characteristics of living polymerizations, block copolymers can be readily made. Many of the polymers produced are often novel, particularly in regard to their microstructure, which gives some of them unusual properties. Numerous novel catalysts are disclosed, as well as some novel processes for making them. The polymers made are useful as elastomers, molding resins, in adhesives, etc. Also described herein is the synthesis of linear .alpha.-olefins by the oligomerization of ethylene using as a catalyst system a combination a nickel compound having a selected .alpha.-diimine ligand and a selected Lewis or Bronsted acid, or by contacting selected .alpha.

Abstract: A polymer blend comprises a polyketone and a high density polyethylene (HDPE) optionally grafted with at least one polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof. Such blends have good barrier properties and are suitable for packaging applications.

Abstract: The specification discloses a process for cationic polymerization of vinyl aromatic monomers, adhesive compositions containing polymers made by the process and use of the polymers as processing aids for thermoplastic polymers. In the process, a vinyl aromatic monomer is dissolved in an organic solvent containing a complex comprising an in situ formed ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a Lewis acid to provide a polymer having a softening point above about 125.degree. C. and a polydispersity index above about 2.0. Surprisingly, the Lewis acid/acrylate complex causes the reaction to proceed with reduced exothermicity and enables an increase in the softening point and yield as compared with a polymer made without the complex or using other complexes.

Abstract: Aqueous polyurethane dispersions having latent crosslinking properties containI) a disperse phase (P.I), containingIa) a polyurethane (PUR.Ia) which, in addition to groups which impart water dispersibility to the polyurethane, carries groups which have a C--C double bond and in which the double bond is activated by a carbonyl group bonded directly therewith, orIb) a mixture ofa polyurethane (PUR.Ib) which carries groups which impart water dispersibility to the polyurethane but not groups which have a C--C double bond and in which the double bond is activated by a carbonyl group bonded directly therewith anda compound (V.I) which differs from the polyurethanes PUR.Ia and PUR.Ib, and which carries groups which have a C--C double bond and in which the double bond is activated by a carbonyl group bonded directly therewith andII) a disperse phase (P.II) containing a compound which differs from the compounds (PUR.Ia), (PUR.Ib) and (V.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for preparing polyketones comprises(a) a Group VIII metal compound, containing at least one ligand capable of coordinating to the Group VIII metal and,(b) a compound of the formula BXYZ where at least one of X, Y and Z is a chloro or bromophenyl group preferably B(p-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4).sub.3. Polyketones having p-chlorophenyl or p-bromophenyl end groups are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing ester-substituted polyvinyl alcohol from a compound having a carboxyl group and polyvinyl alcohol, which comprises converting the compound having a carboxyl group to an active derivative thereof and reacting the active carboxylic acid derivative with polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of a base the conjugate acid of which has a pKa of 11 or more; and a thin film, provided on a transparent substrate, which comprises a film of the ester-substituted polyvinyl alcohol as a liquid crystal alignment layer and an optically anisotropic layer containing a discotic liquid crystal compound which has at least one substituent capable of forming a new bond intermolecularly or intramolecularly and which is capable of forming a discotic nematic phase.

Abstract: An amino-acrylate polymer is prepared by the reaction of an aliphatic hydroxyl polyacrylate monomer, like pentaerythritol triacrylate, with a polyamine like a hexyldiamine to provide a rigid fast gelling and curing polymer, which polymer may be modified with resin modifiers. The amino-acrylate polymer may be used in the preparation of composite structures with fibers and filler materials.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of polyketones wherein carbon monoxide and at least one olefin are polymerized in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by reacting together a promotor; a source of a Group VIII metal; and a compound of the formula A.sub.2 PR.sup.1 PA.sub.2 wherein each A is independently a hydrocarbyl group or a Group B bonded to the phosphorous of the PA.sub.2 moiety directly through a nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen and R.sup.1 is a divalent organic group, with the proviso that at least one of the two A groups bonded to each phosphorous is a Group B.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorene-based alternating copolymer to be used as light emitting materials of electroluminescent elements having the following formula (I), and further relates to electroluminescent elements having an anode/luminescent layer/cathode structure, in which the fluorene-based alternating copolymer used as light emitting materials of the luminescent layer, or having a transporting and/or reflection layer added thereto, if necessary, is ##STR1## where R, R', X, Ar and n are defined in the text.

Abstract: Deaggregated substituted and unsubstituted polyparaphenylenes, polyparaphenylevevinyles, polyanilines, polyazines, polythiophenes, poly-p-phenylene sulfides, polyfuranes, polypyrroles, polyselenophene, polyacetylenes formed from soluble precursors and combinations thereof and copolymers thereof and methods of fabrication are described. The deaggregated polymer molecules when subsequently doped show higher electrical conductivity. Agents such as lithium chloride, m-cresol and nonylphenol are used to deaggregate the polymer molecules. The deaggregating agents can be added prior to or during doping the molecules.

Abstract: A blow molded multilayered container comprises a layer of a polyalcohol obtained by reduction of a polyketone comprising carbon monoxide-ethylene copolymer and a layer of a thermoplastic resin other than polyalcohol, said polyalcohol having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 3.0 dl/g, a melting point of 110.degree. to 160.degree. C., a density of 1.12 to 1.21 g/cm.sup.3 and a tetrahydrofuran ring content of not more than 10 mole %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to addition products ofA) oligomers having at least two acrylic ester and/or methacrylic ester groups per molecule andB) diamines having a primary and a tertiary amino group,the ratio of primary amino groups of B) to the (meth)acrylic double bonds of A) being 0.01:1 to 0.2:1, preferably 0.03:1 to 0.1:1.The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the addition products, to radiation-curable surface coating compositions based on the addition products and to the use of the surface coating compositions for woodcoating and papercoating.

Abstract: The synthesis of an aramid by the catalyzed reaction of carbon monoxide, an aromatic dichloride, such as 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and a diamine, such as 1,4-diaminobenzene, is disclosed. The reaction may be catalyzed by palladium (II) and palladium (0)-containing catalysts with chelating trialkyl phosphines, such as bis(diisopropylphosphino)-propane.

Abstract: A functionalized polymer according to the invention includes a polymer molecule having the general formula AYLi where A is a cyclic amine-containing radical having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a divalent alkylene, an oxy- or amino-alkylene, or substituted alkylene having from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is a linear-, branched-, or cyclo-alkylene having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; and Y is a divalent polymer radical and Li is a lithium atom bonded to a carbon atom of Y.

Abstract: A functionalized polymer comprising a polymeric segment, having at least one cyclic amine end group, defined according to formula (I) ##STR1## where Z is an anionically-polymerized polymer; R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of organic groups containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms and a bridging bond; each R.sub.2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, organic groups containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, and a bridging bond; each R.sub.3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic groups containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; a is an integer from 4 to about 16; and b is an integer from 0 to about 12; and optionally including a bridge, formed by the selection of two of said bridging bonds, the bridge having 0 to about 6 carbon atoms between the bridging ring members; said polymer having been crosslinked. Also provided are vulcanizable compositions of matter, vulcanizates, and tires of the functionalized polymers.

Abstract: Emulsifiable oil, suitable for use as oil phase in oil-based drilling fluids, having one or more ketones with a flashpoint of at least 55.degree. C., in particular oligoketones obtainable by co-oligomerization of carbon monoxide and olefins.

Abstract: Processes for producing saturated polymers monosubstituted with carboxylic amides are disclosed. One process comprises reacting a monounsaturated hydrocarbon polymer with carbon monoxide and a polyamine containing at least two amino groups at least one of which is a reactive amino group, in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of the transition metals of Group 8 to 10 and the metal compounds thereof. Another process comprises reacting a polyamine containing a reactive amino group with a monofunctionalized, saturated hydrocarbon polymer containing a carboxylic acid or carboxylic ester functional group, the monofunctionalized hydrocarbon polymer obtained by reacting a starting mono-unsaturated hydrocarbon polymer with carbon monoxide and water or alcohol in the presence of a Group 8-10 transition metal catalyst. The products of the processes are useful as additives in lubricating oils and in fuels, for example, as dispersants and/or detergents.

Abstract: In the process of the present invention, a non-polar, aprotic solvent is removed from an oligomer/polymer solution by freeze-drying in order to produce IPNs and semi-IPNs. By thermally quenching the solution to a solid in a short length of time, the size of the minor constituent-rich regions is greatly reduced as they are excluded along with the major constituent from the regions of crystallizing solvent. The use of this process sequence of controlling phase morphology provides IPNs and semi-IPNs with improved fracture toughness, microcracking resistance, and other physical-mechanical properties as compared to IPNs and semi-IPNs formed when the solvent is evaporated rather than sublimed.

Abstract: A catalyst composition prepared by reacting together:(a) a source of a Group VIII metal,(b) a bidentate phosphine ligand having at least two phosphorous atoms joined by a bridging group of the formula --NR.sup.2 (CX)NR.sup.2 where X.dbd.O, S or Se, each R.sup.2 is the same or different and is a hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group, and(c) a promoteris disclosed. The catalyst composition is used for preparing polyketones.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparing phenol aralkylation polymers by reaction among a phenolic monomer, a styrenic monomer and an aryl diolefin, characterized by the absence of a solvent, wherein a phenolic monomer is initially aralkylated in the presence of an acid catalyst with a first portion of at least one styrenic monomer to obtain an aralkylated phenol, the aralkylated phenol is reacted with an aryl diolefin to obtain a phenol aralkylation polymer, and then optionally, (though preferably) the phenol aralkylation polymer is further aralkylated with a second portion of at least one styrenic monomer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copolymer of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound, comprising copolymerizing the monomers in the presence of a Group VIII metal containing catalyst composition and in the presence of an olefinically unsaturated compound (A) which contains in its molecular structure an organic group imparting steric hindrance on the vinyl group. A copolymer obtainable by the said process.

Abstract: A catalyst composition suitable for use in a process for the preparation of polyketones comprising a group VIII metal complex of a phosphonite of formula (I)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 E(OPR.sub.2.sup.3).sub.2.sup.-1 (I)where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently a halide or a hydrocarbyl.R.sup.3 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbylE is boron, aluminium or gallium.Preferred compositions are ?F.sub.2 B(OPPh.sub.2).sub.2 PdCl!.sub.2 and ?F.sub.2 B(OPPh.sub.2).sub.2 Pd(NCPh).sub.2 !.sup.+ ?BF.sub.4 !.sup.-.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers of carbon monoxide with an olefinically unsaturated compound comprising copolymerizing the monomers in the presence of a catalyst composition based upon(a) a salt of a Group VIII metal, and(b) a cation which is selected from cationic oxidants and cations of the general formulae R.sub.n H.sub.4-n N.sup.+, R.sub.m H.sub.3-m C.sup.+ and R.sub.m H.sub.3-m O.sup.+, wherein n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, m is 2 or 3, and R represents a hydrocarbyl group and/or two or three of R together with the atom carrying a positive charge represent a ring structure, on the understanding that when n is 3, at most two of R together with nitrogen represent a heterocyclic ring structure, and when n is 4, three of R together with nitrogen represent an aromatic heterocyclic ring structure.

Abstract: A water swellable foam matrix formed as a macroporous solid comprising a foam stabilizing agent and a polymer or copolymer of a free radical polymerizable hydrophilic olefin monomer crosslinked with about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of a multiolefin-functional crosslinking agent is described. The foam matrix is characterized by rapid swelling and high water swelling ratios.

Abstract: A process for the copolymerization of carbon monoxide with ethene and optionally another olefinically unsaturated compound in which process the monomers are copolymerized in the presence of a liquid diluent and a catalyst composition which is based on(a) a Group VIII metal compound,(b) an anion of an acid which is obtainable by combining a Br.o slashed.nsted acid with a Lewis acid, and(c) an organic oxidant in a quantity of less than 30 moles per mole of Group VIII metal.

Abstract: A process for preparing polylketones by polymerizing a mixture of carbon monoxide and one or more olefins in the presence of a group VIII metal catalyst which is prepared by reacting together:(a) a source of group VIII metal, and(b) an amine, phosphine, arsine or stibine the polymerization being carried out in the presence of a composition comprising hydrocarbyl aluminoxane and tertiary butyl aluminium.