Abstract: A polyester having a good color tone can be obtained by using, as an ester-forming component, a compound derived from an organophosphorous composition comprising an organophosphorous compound represented by the general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 represent an organic group or a halogen atom, and m and n represent an integer of 0 to 4, provided that R1 and R2 may be the same or different when m or n is an integer of 2 to 4, and a divalent metallic compound in an amount more than 30 ppm and not more than 2300 ppm in terms of a divalent metal based on the organophosphorous compound.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formulas which are useful as monomers in photopolymerizable compositions. Also disclosed are methods of polymerizing these monomers, and polymers produced thereby.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a production process for a polyalkylene oxide with fast polymerization reaction rate and good production efficiency; a catalyst for polymerization and a dispersion thereof which are effective for the above production process for a polymer such as polyalkylene oxide; and an organometallic fine particle and a production process therefor, which particle is, for example, useful as the above catalyst for polymerization. In a means therefor, a material such as an aliphatic polyol is reacted upon an organometallic compound in a micelle as the reaction field, thus preparing a hyperfine particle, which is used as a catalyst for polymerization of ionic-polymerizable monomers mainly including a cyclic ether.

Abstract: The amount of high molecular weight impurity present in a polyether polyol produced by alkoxylation of an active hydrogen-containing initiator using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst may be advantageously lowered by treating the catalyst prior to use in polymerization with a silylating agent. Suitable silylating agents include trialkyl halosilanes and trialkyl alkyoxysilanes. The higher purity polyether polyols thereby produced are particularly useful in the preparation of slab and molded polyurethane foams, which tend to collapse or become excessively tight when elevated levels of high molecular tail are present in the polyether polyol.

Abstract: Provided is a compound having an oxetanyl group and represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight or branched chain alkyl group of 1-5 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted phenoxymethyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted phenoxypropyl group or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl group. A process for producing the compound and a curing composition comprising the compound and a cationic polymerization initiator are also provided.

Abstract: A process for activating double metal cyanide catalysts is disclosed. A polyol starter or starter/catalyst mixture is heated under vacuum under conditions effective to achieve improved stripping compared with that which can be achieved through conventional vacuum stripping. Coupling vacuum stripping with inert gas sparging or stripping in the presence of an organic solvent gives a starter/catalyst mixture that activates rapidly in an epoxide polymerization process. Rapid activation makes process start-ups reliable and reduces cycle time. The process gives polyols with lower viscosity, lower polydispersity, and lower unsaturation for better polyurethanes.

Abstract: Highly active double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts are disclosed. The catalysts comprise a DMC complex, and organic complexing agent, and from about 5 to about 80 wt. %, based on the amount of catalyst, of a polyether having a number average molecular weight less than about 500. The catalysts polymerize propylene oxide at a rate in excess of about 1 kg PO/g Co/min. at 100 ppm catalyst, based on the weight of finished polyether, at 105.degree. C. The catalysts, which are easy to prepare, give polyether polyols with exceptionally low unsaturation levels.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing oxiranes, oxetanes, oxepanes, dioxolanes, trioxanes, and tetrahydrofurans to their respective polymers by contacting them with a selected metal compound is disclosed; and also a process for depolymerizing polytetrahydrofurans to monomeric tetrahydrofurans by contacting the polymer with a selected metal compound at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. The catalysts may be in solution or part of a heterogeneous solid, and selected organic compounds are used as accelerators in the polymerizations. The polymeric products, some of which are novel, may be used as polyether monomers for further polymerization, as by reaction with isocyanates to produce polyurethanes, and other useful polymers. Some of the polymeric products are relatively high in molecular weight and are suitable for direct use, for instance as spandex fibers.

Abstract: Improved double metal cyanide catalysts are disclosed. The substantially amorphous catalysts of the invention are more active for polymerizing epoxides than conventional DMC catalysts, which have a substantial crystalline component. Polyol products made with the catalysts are unusually clear, have exceptionally low unsaturations, and contain no detectable amount of low molecular weight polyol impurities. A method of making the improved DMC catalysts, which involves intimately combining the reactants, is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel multifunctional oxetanes, i.e., compounds having multiple oxetane groups, which are useful as initiators in the preparation of star polymers and polymer cascades containing energetic groups. In addition, this invention relates to a process for the preparation of star polymers and polymer cascades, whereby novel multifunctional oxetanes act as initiators in the formation of theses polymers. The reaction of these initiators with various propagating, high-energy oxetanes, such as 3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)oxetane (BAMO) and 3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane (NMMO), gives star polymers with varying molecular weights and functionalities. The star polymers and polymer cascades of the present invention are useful as binders in high-energy formulations.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing oxepanes, dioxolanes, trioxanes, and tetrahydrofurans to their respective polymers by contacting them with a selected metal compound and an accelerator which is a selected vinyl ester or a selected phosphorous compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substantially solventless curable resin composition, in particular for the fabrication of prepregs, which contains more than 45% by weight of substances which are solid at ambient temperature at least or at lower temperature, and which, in addition to comprising customary modifiers, comprises solid epoxy resins or a mixture of liquid and solid epoxy resins, at least one initiator which is sensitive to UV radiation for the polymerisation of the epoxy resins and has the formula I ##STR1## wherein a and b are each independently of the other 1 or 2, R.sup.1 ist a .pi.-arene, R.sup.2 is a .pi.-arene, an indenyl anion or a cyclopentadienyl anion, [X].sup..crclbar. is an anion [LQ.sub.m ].sup..crclbar.

Abstract: When selected silicon compounds are added to cationic polymerizations of cyclic ethers such as oxiranes and tetrahydrofurans, the rate of polymerization is often increased, and novel polyethers are produced. The polyether products are useful as monomers and macromonomers, particularly after hydrolysis of silicon containing end groups.

Abstract: Solutions of accelerator systems comprising a binary system comprisinga) 10 to 90% by weight of a salt of formula I[Me].sub.m.sup.x.sym. [R].sub.n.sup.y.crclbar. (I),wherein x and y are the respective number of charges and m and n are each a number 1, 2, 3 or 4, Me is a metal atom and R is the radical of an alcohol, phenol or thiophenol or of a carboxylic acid or thiocarboxylic acid, or10 to 90% by weight of a salt of formula II[Me.sub.1 ].sub.m.sup.x.sym. [A].sub.n.sup.y.crclbar. (II),with an organic complex former containing one or more hetero atoms having free electron pairs,wherein Me.sub.1 is a metal atom or a group of the formula N(R.sub.1).sub.4, S(R.sub.1).sub.3 or P(R.sub.1).sub.4 wherein each R.sub.1 independently of the others is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or aryl radical, A is any anion and x, y, m and n are as defined above, andb) 90 to 10% by weight of an organic solvent containing at least one --OH, --OR.sub.1, --COOH, --COOR.sub.1, --COR.sub.1 or --CON(R.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel multifunctional oxetanes, i.e., compounds having multiple oxetane groups, which are useful as initiators in the preparation of star polymers and polymer cascades containing energetic groups. In addition, this invention relates to a process for the preparation of star polymers and polymer cascades, whereby novel multifunctional oxetanes act as initiators in the formation of theses polymers. The reaction of these initiators with various propagating, high-energy oxetanes, such as 3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)oxetane (BAMO) and 3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane (NMMO), gives star polymers with varying molecular weights and functionalities. The star polymers and polymer cascades of the present invention are useful as binders in high-energy formulations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the polyurethane-forming reactivity of a propylene oxide-based ethylene oxide-free polyol produced using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst by incorporating therein a minor amount of a base prior to employing the polyol in a polyurethane-forming reaction. Also claimed is the base-containing polyol composition produced in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for production of alkylene oxide polymers comprising reacting an alkylene oxide in an inert hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of a catalyst. The method of the present invention offers alkylene oxide polymers with a great commercial value and a high degree of polymerization which can be produced industrially advantageously with high reproducibility by the use of a catalyst obtained by a simple procedure of applying heat treatment to the product obtained by reacting an organic zinc compound with particular aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and monohydric alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention has an object of producing a polyoxyalkylene compound by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide to a certain specific highly hydrophobic initiator. The present invention provides a process for producing a polyoxyalkylene compound, characterized in that the polyoxyalkylene compound is produced by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide, in the presence of a plural metal cyanide complex catalyst, with an initiator selected from an organopolysiloxane compound having an active hydrogen-containing functional group to which an alkylene oxide is reactive, and a fluorine-containing compound having such an active hydrogen-containing functional group and a fluorinated hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the polyurethane-forming reactivity of a propylene oxide-based ethylene oxide-free polyol produced using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst by incorporating therein a minor amount of a base prior to employing the polyol in a polyurethane-forming reaction. Also claimed is the base-containing polyol composition produced in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: Initiator compositions for materials which can be polymerized cationically are described, these containingi) an anhydride of a polycarboxylic acid, a polyisocyanate, a cyclic carbonate, a lactone or a mixture of such compounds, and dissolved thereinii) at least one compound of the formula I[M.sup.+n (L).sub.x ].sup.n+ nX.sup.- (I)in which n is 2 or 3, M is a metal cation selected from the group consisting of Zn.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+, Co.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Cr.sup.2+, Ru.sup.2+, Mn.sup.2+, Sn.sup.2+, VO.sup.2+, Fe.sup.3+, Al.sup.3+ and Co.sup.3+, X.sup.- is an anion which is selected from the group consisting of AsF.sub.6.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, BiF.sub.6.sup.- and derivatives derived from these anions in which a fluorine atom is replaced by hydroxyl groups, or in which up to 50% of the anions X.sup.-, based on the total amount of anions, can also be any desired anions, L is water or an organic .sigma.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polyether resin having an epoxy group content of less than 0.2 meq/g and containing or average n/3-0.5 to n/3+2.5 primary hydroxyl groups, the process comprising reacting a glycidyl ester of a C.sub.9-11 branched aliphatic acid with an aliphatic primary polyhydric alcohol having n primary hydroxyl groups and 5 to 16 carbon atoms, n having a value of 3 to 6, in the presence of an etherification catalyst selected from a tin, zinc or iron compound.

Abstract: Cyclic ethers having 4 and 5 member rings are polymerized with a alcohol initiator and an acid catalyst. The acid catalyst is used at a molar ratio relative to hydroxyl groups of the alcohol initiator of between about 0.05:1 and about 0.5:1.

Abstract: Curable mixtures, containing,(a) at least one bisphenol diglycidyl ether based on bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A or bisphenol F,(b) as a curing catalyst, a colorless or slightly yellow solution of a metal complex compound of the formula I]Me(H.sub.2 O).sub.x (Lm).sub.y ].sup.2+ (A.sup..crclbar.).sub.2 (I),in whichMe is a divalent metal from the group comprising Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, Ca or Mg,Lm is a saturated cyclic ether having 5 to 7 ring atoms, a linear or cyclic saturated aliphatic ether compound or a mixture of the ether and the ether compound, the ether and the ether compound having a boiling point of at least 60.degree. C., andA is an anion of the formula BF.sub.4.sup..crclbar., PF.sub.6.sup..crclbar., AsF.sub.6.sup..crclbar. or SbF.sub.6 .sup..crclbar.

Abstract: This invention is directed to adducts of a poly(active hydrogen) organic compound and a polyepoxide comprising the reaction product of a poly(active hydrogen) organic compound and a polyepoxide containing two or more epoxy groups per molecule, said poly(active hydrogen) organic compound being employed in an amount at least sufficient to effect substantially complete reaction of the epoxy groups of the polyepoxide. The adducts are useful in the formulation of high solids coating compositions, polyurethane elastomers, inks, sealants, adhesives and the like.

Abstract: The molecular weight of polyalkylene oxides produced by the polymerization of a cyclic oxide in contact with a catalyst comprising the reaction product of a dihydrocarbyl zinc compound and a linear alkanediol in contact with a silica dispersion aid and nonionic surfactant in an inert diluent is controlled by the continuous addition of a very dilute solution of chain transfer agent having a pKa value of from 9 to 22 to the polymerizing mixture during the polymerization reaction at a carefully controlled rate so as not to terminate the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Novel polyamide containing polymers are obtained by the homopolymerization of a bicyclic amide acetal with a cationic catalyst such as lithium fluoborate.

Abstract: This invention is directed to adducts of a polycaprolactone polyol and a polyepoxide comprising the reaction product of at least one polycaprolactone polyol and a polyepoxide containing two or more epoxy groups per molecule in a molar ratio of polycaprolactone polyol to polyepoxide of from about 2:1 to about 3:1, said adducts having an oxirane content of less than about 0.10 percent and a viscosity of less than about 3700 centistokes at 54.5.degree. C. The adducts are useful in the formulation of high solids coating compositions, polyurethane elastomers, inks, sealants, adhesives and the like.

Abstract: This invention is directed to adducts of at least two poly(active hydrogen) organic compounds and a polyepoxide comprising the reaction product of at least two poly(active hydrogen) organic compounds differing as to classification and a polyepoxide containing two or more epoxy groups per molecule, said poly(active hydrogen) organic compounds being employed in an amount at least sufficient to effect substantially complete reaction of the epoxy groups of the polyepoxide. The adducts are useful in the formulation of high solids coating compositions, polyurethane elastomers, inks, sealants, adhesives and the like.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising an epoxy resin or a monoepoxide and a curing agent comprising a metal salt complex of an adduct of an imidazole and a monofunctional epoxy compound.

Abstract: Compositions that cure when heated comprise(A) an epoxide resin and(B) an effective amount of(i) a diaryliodosyl salt of formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a monovalent aromatic radical of from 4 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group,M represents a metal or metalloid atom, such as phosphorus or boron,X represents a halogen atom, particularly chlorine or fluorine, andn is 4, 5, or 6, and is greater by one than the valency of M or MX.sub.n.sup.- represents pentafluorohydroxoantimonate, and(ii) a catalyst for the diaryliodosyl salt which is a salt or complex of a d-block transition metal, a stannous salt, an organic peroxide, or an .alpha.-hydroxy compound.Typically, the epoxide resin (A) is a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, the salt (i) is diphenyliodosyl tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate, and the catalyst (ii) is cupric acetylacetonate or benzpinacol.

Abstract: Curable compositions of matter comprising an epoxy resin and a curing agent selected from the group consisting of polyvalent metal salts of a phosphorodithioic acid, the acid being derived from the reaction of a phosphorus sulfide with a hydroxyl containing aromatic compound, and products derived from the reaction of the polyvalent metal salt with a mono- or polyamine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable composition comprising (1) at least one epoxy compound containing at least one vicinal-epoxy group and (2) at least one catalyst selected from lithium or Group II metal salts of a non-nucleophilic acid. The present invention further provides an active epoxy curing catalyst composition.

Abstract: Novel carboxylic acid metal salt/amine complexes are prepared by reacting 1 mol of a carboxylic acid metal salt of the formula(A.sup..crclbar.).sub.2 ME.sup.2+in which A.sup..crclbar. is the anion of a carboxylic acid which contains polar substituents or radicals and in particular contains an amide or imide grouping, such as a halogenoacetic acid, nitrilo-, cyano- or ureido-acetic acid, monoamidosuccinic acid, succinimidyl- or maleimidyl-alkanecarboxylic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, and Me.sup.2+ is a divalent metal cation, with 1 mol of a diamine of the formulaR.sub.1 --NH--R--NH--R.sub.2in which R is an aliphatic radical having not more than 7 C atoms or is a cycloaliphatic radical and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, cyclohexyl, benzyl, 2-aminoethyl or 3-aminopropyl, in a polar organic solvent and in the temperature range from 25.degree. to 200.degree. C., to give complex compounds.

Abstract: A saturated cross-linkable binder composition adapted for preparing coatings having a non-glossy surface is disclosed which comprises:(a) at least one cross-linkable resin selected from the group consisting of saturated polyester resins and epoxide resins;(b) a cross-linking agent wherein the functional groups are selected from the group consisting of acid groups and acid anhydride groups and, in case the cross-linkable resin is a saturated polyester resin, also masked isocyanate groups; and,(c) having associated therewith a salt of an at least bivalent metal ion and an organic acid anion selected from the group consisting of carboxylic anions and acetylacetonate.These binder compositions are particularly useful as binding agents in powderous paint compositions which yield a paint coating having a non-glossy and textured surface.

Abstract: To accelerate the curing of epoxide resins by particular curing agents, i.e., polyamines, polyaminoamides, polycarboxylic acids, or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, there is employed an aliphatic or araliphatic monocarboxylic acid group at least two halogen atoms chosen from fluorine and chlorine atoms, or a salt thereof, such as magnesium trifluoroacetate and magnesium trichloroacetate.