Abstract: The present invention is directed to an epoxy-containing polymeric material having nonlinear optical properties, particularly a glycidyl amine polymer, and a process for making the nonlinear optical (NLO) epoxy-containing polymeric material including poling the polymeric material under high voltage at elevated temperature for a period of time to bring about orientation of the nonlinear optical functionalities in the polymer. The polymers have enhanced thermal stability and good NLO properties.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of amines containing urethane and urea groups. The amines are produced by reacting A) isocyanate prepolymers containing urethane groups and in which the isocyanate groups are reversibly blocked with secondary monoamines with B) amines having molecular weights of from 60 to 500, which are at least difunctional and which have a total of at least two primary or secondary amino groups, with splitting off of the secondary monoamine. The invention is also directed to the amines so produced and to the use as a hardener for an epoxide resin.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an epoxy-containing polymeric material having nonlinear optical properties, particularly a glycidyl amine polymer, and a process for making the nonlinear optical (NLO) epoxy-containing polymeric material including poling the polymeric material under high voltage at elevated temperature for a period of time to bring about orientation of the nonlinear optical functionalities in the polymer. The polymers have enhanced thermal stability and good NLO properties.

Abstract: Novel mesogenic amine curing agent for reactive monomers, such as epoxy resins and diisocyanates, comprises a mesogenic moiety, a primary amine, and a flexible alkyl spacer connected between the mesogenic moiety and the primary amine and wherein the alkyl spacer is a saturated, linear alkyl group having from about one to about twenty carbon atoms. Novel mesogenic amine has the formula: ##STR1## where M is --O--, ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 --, where R is --NO.sub.2 or --CN, andwhere x is 1 to 20.Novel mesogenic amine has a labile group subject to cross-linking and the formula: ##STR3## where K is ##STR4## where L is ##STR5## where M is --o--, ##STR6## or --CH.sub.2 --, where Z is cinnamate, an alkene having from one to ten carbons, an isocyanate, an alkoxy, or an alcohol having from one to ten carbons,where T is a cyano, a nitro or an alkyl group having from about one to ten carbons, andwhere X is 1 to 20.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions exhibiting superior physical properties, useful in the fabrication of composites and other applications, are prepared by the polymerization of thermotropic, monomeric materials having orderable molecular structures. The monomers comprise molecules containing mesogen groups with side chains on either end thereof terminated with reactive groups, the reactive groups being separated from the mesogens by spacer atoms. The monomers are polymerized in their crystalline or liquid crystalline state, or under conditions which assure that at least part of the monomeric molecules are in an ordered state. The reactive groups which are consequently in proximity with each other, are thereby capable of interaction without molecular diffusion, allowing substantially complete polymerizations to be achieved despite the increasing conversion and glass transition temperature of the polymers being formed.

Abstract: Novel polyether polyols are disclosed which contain an internal block of isobutylene oxide or a mixture of isobutylene oxide and a mono- or unsaturated alkylene oxide and an end-cap of a mono- or unsubstituted alkylene oxide to provide reactive primary or secondary hydroxyl end-groups. The polyether polyols are useful intermediates in the production of segmented elastomers. A process for the preparation of the novel polyols is also described in which an alkali metal catalyst and a crown ether cocatalyst are employed to afford polyols containing relatively low levels of unsaturation.

Abstract: Triazine compounds are disclosed which are useful for imparting UV screening properties to polymers of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an electron withdrawing group; R.sub.1 is H, ##STR2## where R.sub.3 is an alkyl group having from one to about six carbon atoms; and R.sub.2 is selected from H and CH.sub.3, also disclosed are polymer compositions having improved UV screening properties containing said triazine compounds.

Abstract: Novel tetraglycidates have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl, or cycloalkylidene of 5 to 7 carbon atoms. Epoxy resin systems exhibiting good tensile properties and moisture sensitivity can be made by copolymerizing the tetraglycidates with a polyamine curing agent. Prepregs can be made by combining the epoxy resin systems with a fiber reinforcement. The epoxy resin system may include a co-epoxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to polycycloacetals of formula I ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 500, x and y are each independently of the other 0 or 1, R.sup.1 is a carbon atom or a tetravalent hydrocarbon radical having a molecular weight not greater than 1000 and which can additionally contain ether oxygen atoms or oxygen atoms in hydroxyl, carbonyl or epoxy groups, and R.sup.2 is a tetravalent hydrocarbon radical derived from a dialdehyde or a diketone.The polycycloacetals can be used together with conventional hardeners and/or curing catalysts for epoxy resins for the fabrication of cross-linked (cured) products having good properties, especially having excellent fastness to solvents, light and weathering.

Abstract: A resin coating composition characterized by containing as its resin binder an epoxy resin derivative having an oxazolidine ring functional group of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is an alkylene group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen or methyl, and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each a residue of aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: A polyether polymer or copolymer with a pendant group of the formula ##STR1## in its molecule, said polymer or copolymer consisting essentially of (1) 1 to 100 mole % of recurring units represented by the following formula (I) ##STR2## and (2) 0 to 99 mole % of at least one type of recurring units represented by the following formula (II) ##STR3## and having a reduced viscosity .eta..sub.red, determined at 45.degree. C. in its 0.1% benzene solution or at 80.degree. C. in its 0.1% monochlorobenzene solution, of at least 0.01; a process for producing thereof and novel epoxyether compound therefor.

Abstract: Novel 3-ring tetraglycidates having the formula ##STR1## wherein X=O, S, ##STR2## --CH.sub.2 --, C.dbd.O; Y=halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; and p0 n=0 to 4, are disclosedEpoxy resin systems exhibiting good tensile properties and moisture sensitivity can be made by copolymerizing the tetraglycidates with a polyamine curing agent. Prepregs can be made by combining the epoxy resin systems with a fiber reinforcement. The epoxy resin system may include a co-epoxide.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions suitable for photocopolymerization comprising (a) an epoxide containing two or more epoxy groups, and (b) a hydroxyl substituted cycloaliphatic monoepoxide. The composition may additionally contain a poly (active hydrogen) organic compound and/or a photoinitiator. A coating produced from such a composition has a good combination of properties. Especially preferred are compositions further containing a vinyl cycloaliphatic monoepoxide and diazonium or onium photoinitiator.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions which contain a specific group of oligomeric diamine hardeners and epoxy compounds which when combined with structural fibers produce composites which have improved tensile properties, high compressive strengths, and improved impact resistance. These compositions also exhibit low moisture absorption.

Abstract: Vinyl polymer polyols made by polymerizing in situ via a free-radical mechanism one or more vinyl monomers in an epoxy resin-modified polyol are described. Preferably, styrene and acrylonitrile are copolymerized in a polyol made by adding epoxy resin to the alkoxylation of a polyol initiator having 3 to 4 hydroxyl groups. The vinyl polymer polyols of this invention give flexible polyurethane foams with greater load-bearing properties.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams employing vinyl polymer polyols made by polymerizing in situ via a free-radical mechanism one or more vinyl monomers in an epoxy resin-modified polyol are described. Preferably, styrene and acrylonitrile are copolymerized in a polyol made by adding epoxy resin to the alkoxylation of a polyol initiator having 3 to 4 hydroxyl groups. The vinyl polymer polyols of this invention give flexible polyurethane foams with greater load-bearing properties.

Abstract: Adducts of imidazolidine compounds, such as the reaction product of ethylene diamine with cyclohexanone, are provided with organic polyepoxides, especially with low molecular weight polyepoxides where the imidazolidine acts as a chain extender, and the adduct is reacted with an acid to protonate at least 50% of the amine groups in the adduct. These protonated adducts can be dispersed in water to form dispersion which cure with various curing agents. Aqueous electrocoating baths can be provided which electrodeposit at the cathode.

Abstract: Novel modified polyether polyols made by first optionally alkoxylating, subsequent reaction with epoxy resins and final alkoxylation of mixtures of initiators is described. The initiator mixture is made up of about 60 to 90 wt. % of a partially alkoxylated trifunctional initiator and 10 to 40 wt. % of a secondary partially alkoxylated initiator having an active hydrogen functionality of from 4 to 8. Preferably, the alkylene oxide component is a blend of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and the resulting modified polyol molecules have 0.25 to 2.5 wt. % internally located epoxy resin. Flexible polyurethane foams made from these polyether polyols have improved load bearing properties as compared with those made from prior art polyols.

Abstract: Polyglycidyl amines having room temperature latency when blended with curing agents and high heat distortion temperatures when cured are derived from hindered aromatic diamines and epihalohydrins. Cured products obtained from these polyglycidyl amines and curing agents are useful in structural composites, film adhesives, molding compounds and the like.

Abstract: Adducts of oxazolidine compounds, such as the reaction product of monoethanol amine with cyclohexanone, are adducted with an organic polyepoxide and the adduct is reacted with an acid to protonate at least 50% of the amine groups in the adduct. These protonated adducts can be dispersed in water to form dispersions which cure with various curing agents. When all the epoxy groups are consumed by reaction with the oxazolidine, aqueous electrocoating baths can be formulated which may contain aminoplast resin or phenoplast curing agents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel 2-methyl-1,3-propylene glycol mono- or di-alkylene oxide ether having the formulae (I) or (II): ##STR1## in which R and R' are linear or branched alkylene groups with C.sub.1 -C.sub.3. The di-alkylene oxide ether is useful as an active ingredient for a photocurable composition.

Abstract: An epoxy compound includes one or two aromatic rings, one N-diglycidyl group per aromatic ring and one or two halogen or halogen-containing groups per aromatic ring, the epoxy compound having the general formula: ##STR1## in which Y is selected from A and ##STR2## each A being independently selected from halogen, halogen containing group and H, provided that at least one of the groups A per aromatic ring is a halogen or halogen containing group. In any one compound, when A is a hologen or halogen containing group, it is preferred that each A is the same.When the epoxy compound contains only one aromatic ring the group A may be a polyfluoroalkyl group in which case one or two such groups may be attached to the aromatic ring; or a polyfluoro-alkoxy group, in which case only one such group is attached to the aromatic ring.When the epoxy compound contains two aromatic rings, the group A may be Cl, Br, or a polyfluoroalkyl group and one or two such groups may be attached to each aromatic ring.

Abstract: Ungelled resins, aqueous dispersions of cationic resins, coating compositions, and electrodeposition using the resinous coating compositions are disclosed. The resins are formed from reacting polyepoxides with polyoxyalkylenepolyamines. The aqueous dispersions are prepared by at least partially neutralizing the resins to provide cationic groups and dispersing the cationic resins in aqueous medium. When added to cationic electrodepositable coating compositions, such as high throwpower compositions, the ungelled cationic resins provide better appearing, more flexible and water-resistant electrodeposited coatings.

Abstract: 1,5-Dimethyl-1,2;5,6-diepoxycyclooctane is prepared by epoxidizing 1,5-dimethylcycloocta-1,5-diene with aqueous peracetic or perpropionic acid at a temperature not exceeding 50.degree. C. and within a pH range from 1.5 to 5.5.The diepoxide according to the invention can be cured by means of curing agents for epoxide resins to give moulded materials having valuable mechanical properties. It is also suitable for use as a reactive, latent diluent.

Abstract: The present invention describes the production of high molecular weight polyglycidyl ethers.

Abstract: Resin-forming polyepoxides are mixed with polyoxazolidinyl compounds or polymers containing pendant oxazolidinyl groups in which the carbon atom in the 2-position of the heterocyclic ring is substituted with saturated hydrocarbon groups, such as dialkyl, or with an alkylene group forming a saturated ring with the carbon atom in the 2-position of the oxazolidinyl ring to form, in the absence of water, a stable composition which can be stored in closed containers for months without undergoing gelation. When such compositions are spread into films and the films exposed to moisture at ambient temperature, e.g., to ambient air having a relative humidity of at least 20% and temperature of about 15.degree. to 25.degree. C., the polymer serves to react with and cure the polyepoxide.

Abstract: The present invention describes the production of high molecular weight polyglycidyl ethers.

Abstract: A method of preparing polyether polyols in the 200-1000 molecular weight range by modifying a polyol initiator with an epoxy resin and one or more alkylene oxides is described. The modified polyols may be used in preparing rigid isocyanurate foams with improved compressability and flammability properties.

Abstract: The modification of polyether polyols by their reaction with epoxy resin and alkylene oxides is described. The modified polyols of 2000 to 7000 molecular weight produce flexible polyurethane foams that have higher load bearing properties than foams made with nonmodified polyols. The ability of a modified polyol to make a higher load bearing foam is related to the position in the polyol chain the epoxy resin is added.

Abstract: A method for altering the characteristics of liquid telechelic polymers by means of reducing the reactive group content and adjusting the viscosity of a given liquid telechelic polymer. This is accomplished by means of a two stage process which comprises reacting some of the polymer's available reactive groups with a difunctional reactant and adding a diluent to produce a final composition of desired viscosity and reactive group content.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable compositions using sulfonium salt photoinitiators to effect polymerization of cationically polymerizable monomers additionally include a stable free radical to reduce or eliminate the sulfur odor generated upon photodecomposition of the sulfonium salt photoinitiator. The stable free radicals are soluble in the polymerizable material and are stable in the composition at ambient temperatures. Especially useful is 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl.

Abstract: The complex formed between a tri-or pentavalent antimony halide and an organic phosphate ester has been found to be an effective catalyst for cationic polymerization reactions.

Abstract: A fine granular silica is reacted chemically with a polyhydroxy alcohol by using an alkali catalyst and heating the mixture, thereby producing an organic hydroxy silicate compound which will react chemically with polycarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic anhydrides, vinyl monomers and polyisocyanates to produce resinous products.

Abstract: Air-drying unsaturated coating compositions are obtained by reacting at least 60% of the epoxide groups of a polyepoxid with more than one epoxid group per molecule(a) with 0.01 to 0.5 NH-equivalents, based on one epoxide group of ammonia, an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic primary or secondary amine and subsequently(b) with 0.99 to 0.5 carboxyl equivalents, based on one epoxide group of acrylic or methacrylic acid.The reaction products may be mixed with solvents and/or copolymerizable monomers and are preferably hardened in the presence of known photoinitiators with the aid of energy radiation.Their particular advantages are their stability in the dark and that they also harden very quickly in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.Preferred substrates are paper and cardboards.

Abstract: Impact resistance of PVC is shown to be improved by blending therewith polymers derived from monomer systems comprised of at least about 80 percent by weight ethylene oxide. Polymers of at least about 80 percent ethylene oxide and about 0.1 to 2 percent of a symmetrical diepoxide as crosslinking agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel carboxylic acid metal salt/amine complexes of the formula(A.sup..crclbar.).sub.2 Me.sup.2+ .multidot.NH.sub.2 --R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2in which A is the anion of cyanoacetic acid, pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid, maleimidylcarboxylic acid, succinylimidylcarboxylic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or toluenesulphonic acid or of a methanephosphonic acid monoester or benzenephosphonic acid monoester, Me.sup.2+ is a divalent metal cation and R.sub.1 is a long-chain polyoxyalkylene radical, are obtained by reacting 1 mol of a carboxylic acid metal salt of the formula(A.sup..crclbar.).sub.2 Me.sup.2+with 1 mol of a diamine of the formulaH.sub.2 N--R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2in a polar organic solvent and in the temperature range of 25.degree. to 200.degree. C. to give the complex compounds of the formula.The novel complex compounds are valuable curing agents for epoxide resins and in mixtures with epoxide resins have an advantageous storage stability.

Abstract: A unit dosage form comprising one or more active ingredients and a water-soluble binder in which the water-soluble binder comprises, as a main component, a product obtained by condensing a polyoxyethylene alkyl, alkylphenyl or alkenyl ether having the following formula (I):r-o--(ch.sub.2 ch.sub.2 o).sub.n H (I)wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 22 carbon atoms or alkylphenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and n is an integer of from 50 to 500, with 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane having the following formula (II): ##STR1## the molar ratio of the compound of the formula (II) to the compound of the formula (I) being in the range of from 0.05 to 2.5.

Abstract: A process of making modified epoxy resins wherein a polyepoxide resin is reacted with a mercaptan compound of the formula HS--R--(COOX).sub.m wherein R is an organic radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X is hydrogen or a moiety formed by reacting the carboxyl group with a basic compound to form its salt and m is an integer of from 1 to 5. The compounds are reacted in the presence of a tin catalyst to produce resins of the structureB [--S--R--(COOX).sub.m ].sub.nwherein B is the residue from the ring opening reaction of an epoxide group on the polyepoxide resin molecule and the sulfhydryl hydrogen, R, X and m are as defined previously and n is at least 1. The aforementioned resins are produced without the need of a hydrolysis step.The modified epoxy resins are useful in formulating coating compositions having excellent physical and chemical properties. The resins can be dissolved or dispersed in water to form aqueous coating compositions.

Abstract: Curable compositions are prepared comprising a polyepoxide compound, and as a curing agent, a cyanamide of a secondary amine. The curable compositions may be applied as a one package system and they are useful as laminating, surface coating resins, sintering powders, molding resins and adhesives.

Abstract: A highly fluid, solventless, resinous, impregnating and coating composition, suitable as a high voltage insulation for electrical members, is made from an admixture containing: 100 parts of an epoxy resin, about 25 to 200 parts of an acid anhydride reactive with the epoxy resin, and about 0.002 to 1.00 part of a selected metal acetylacetonate, acting as a latent accelerator.

Abstract: To accelerate the curing of epoxide resins by means of aromatic polyamines there is added magnesium nitrate or a nitrate of an at least divalent metal of Group IIB, IIIB, IVB, VIB, VIIB, or VIII of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: High solids, low energy cure coating compositions of aliphatic polyepoxides, monocarboxylic acid compounds as initiator and stannous salts as catalysts.

Abstract: A solventless impregnating composition is disclosed which is made by forming a mixture of a liquid diepoxide and about 10 to about 80 phr of a diglycidyl ether of a glycol. To this mixture is added a titanate catalyst in an amount sufficient to cure the composition.

Abstract: The adhesion properties of amine-cured epoxy resins are unexpectedly enhanced by addition of certain amino terminated polyether ureylene additives. The adhesively superior epoxy resin composition comprises a vicinal polyepoxide, a curing amount of an amine curing agent, and an effective amount of a polyether ureylene having terminal amino groups and a molecular weight of from about 4000 to about 4500.

Abstract: To accelerate the curing of epoxide resins by particular curing agents, i.e., polyamines, polyaminoamides, polycarboxylic acids, or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, there is employed an aliphatic or araliphatic monocarboxylic acid group at least two halogen atoms chosen from fluorine and chlorine atoms, or a salt thereof, such as magnesium trifluoroacetate and magnesium trichloroacetate.

Abstract: Two-part polymerizable compositions are described which contain (a) organic material having epoxide functionality, (b) organic material having hydroxyl functionality, and (c) a catalyst comprising highly fluorinated aliphatic sulfonyl protonic acid or a compound capable of liberating such acid. The compositions polymerize essentially completely at room temperature (or at slightly elevated temperatures). The polymerized compositions have desirable dielectric properties and are therefore especially useful for potting electrical components.

Abstract: Epoxy resin compositions having extended reactivity (gel time) are prepared by adding phosphate or phosphite compounds to epoxy resin-dicyandiamide-tertiary amine curing systems. Such compositions are useful in preparing glass fiber laminates and powder coatings.

Abstract: Water-dispersible resins formed from polyglycidyl ethers of polyphenols and N-heterocyclic compounds and containing cationic salt groups are disclosed. The resins can be dispersed or dissolved in water, and can be applied to a wide variety of different substrates by electrodeposition, depositing on the cathode to provide superior corrosion-resistant coatings.

Abstract: A method of separating proteins by ion exchange comprising putting a solution of proteins into contact with an ion exchange resin consisting of a porous inorganic carrier coated with a cross-linked polymer containing or carrying anion exchanging groups -- tertiary amines or salts of quaternary ammonium -- or cation exchanging groups and application of the process to the food, pharmaceutical and veterinary field.

Abstract: A polyether polymer or copolymer with a pendant group of the formula ##STR1## in its molecule, said polymer or copolymer consisting essentially of (1) 1 to 100 mole % of recurring units represented by the following formula (I) ##STR2## and (2) 0 to 99 mole % of at least one type of recurring units represented by the following formula (II) ##STR3## and having a reduced vicsocisty .eta..sub.red, determined at 45.degree. C. in its 0.1% benzene solution or at 80.degree. C. in its 0.1% monochlorobenzene solution, of at least 0.01; a process for producing thereof and novel epoxyether compound therefor.