Abstract: An organic polymer having a plurality of regions along the length of the polymer backbone and comprising two or more of the following a first region for transporting negative charge carriers and having a first bandgap defined by a first LUMO level and a first HOMO level; and a second region for transporting positive charge carriers and having a second bandgap defined by a second LUMO level and a second HOMO level; and a third region for accepting and combining positive and negative charge carriers to generate light and having a third bandgap defined by a third LUMO level and a third HOMO level, wherein each region comprises one or more monomers and the quantity arrangement of the monomers in the organic polymer is selected so that the first, second and third bandgaps are distinct from one another in the polymer.

Abstract: A polymeric material comprises at least one repeat unit consisting substantially of a moiety of Formula 1: in which Y1 represents N, P, S, As and/or Se. Ar1 and Ar2, which may the same or different, represent independently a multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group, and Ar3 represents independently a mono or multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group. At least one terminal group is attached in the polymer to the Ar1, Ar2 and optionally Ar3 groups located at the end of the polymer chains, so as to cap the polymer chains and prevent further polymer growth. At least one terminal group is derived from at least one end capping reagent used in the polymerization to form the polymeric material to control the molecular weight thereof. A charge transport material comprising such polymers is useful in electroreprographic and electroluminescent devices. These polymers may be made by controlling their molecular weight with an end capping reagent.

Abstract: A copolymer for use in an electroluminescent device comprising a first repeat unit, a second repeat unit comprising a group having a general formula (I) and optionally, a third repeat unit comprising a group having a general formula (II) which may be substituted or unsubstituted where T is a trifluoromethyl substituted benzene; Ar, Ar? and Ar? each independently comprise a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group and m is 1 or 2

Abstract: Disclosed are surfactants represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a secondary aliphatic hydrocarbon group or a branched aliphatic acyl group, AO and AO? each independently represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, L represents a group represented by formula (2) to be described below, z stands for a number of from 1 to 10, X represents a hydrogen atom or an ionic hydrophilic group, m stands for a number of from 0 to 1,000, and n stands for a number of from 0 to 1,000. wherein R2 and R3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, x stands for a number of from 0 to 12, and y stands for a number of 0 or 1. These surfactants do not contain any phenyl ether group considered to have significant effects on the environment, such as a nonylphenyl group, and have performance comparable with reactive surfactants containing one or more phenyl ether groups.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel triarylamine polymer which is excellent in solubility and film-forming property and has improved thermal stability; a simple process for its production; and an electronic element employing it.

Abstract: A method of production of a homopolymer or copolymer or homo-oligomer or co-oligomer product characterised in that the product is obtained by condensation reaction of a diaminoanthracene, substituted or not, optionally with a diiminoanthracene substituted or not in the absence of anthraquinone substituted or not.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a heat curable paint binder composition containing a compound comprising hydroxyalkylamide groups. At first a compound comprising hydroxyalkyl amide units and carboxylic acid units is obtained by reacting a cyclic anhydride and an alkanolamine in a mixing device and that secondly the binder composition is obtained by mixing the compound and a polymer in a second mixing device.

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugated poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives comprising repeating, alternating or random units of the formula: wherein R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon Aatoms. The conjugated poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives according to the invention have interesting optical and electrochemical properties which render them suitable for use in the manufacture of diverse electrical, optical and electro-optical devices.

Abstract: A curable mixture which includes at least (a) 10 to 100 percent by weight, in relation to the sum of the components (a) and (b), of at least one bi- or polyfunctional aromatic cyanate or a prepolymer formed from at least one bi- or polyfunctional aromatic cyanate or a mixture formed from the abovementioned cyanates and/or prepolymers; (b) 0 to 90 percent by weight, in relation to the sum of the components (a) and (b), of at least one mono-, bi- or polyfunctional epoxy resin; (c) 0.5 to 30 percent by weight, in relation to the sum of the components (a) and (b), of at least one mono-, bi- or polyfunctional aromatic amine; and (d) 0 to 5 percent by weight, in relation to the sum of the components (a) and (b), of at least one catalyst from the group consisting of transition metal compounds and boron trihalides.

Abstract: A polymer compound comprising a repeating unit represented by formula (1) and a repeating unit represented by formula (2), wherein, Ar1, Ar2 and Ar6 each independently represent an arylene group, a divalent heterocyclic compound group, etc.; Ar3 is an arylene group, arylene vinylene group, or a divalent heterocyclic compound group; Ar4 and Ar5 are each independently an aryl group or a monovalent heterocyclic compound group. The polymer compound has excellent characteristics of strong fluorescence and large charge transporting property.

Abstract: Poly(5-aminoquinoxalines) having the general formula (1): In which R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a substituted biphenyl group, a thienyl group, a substituted thienyl group, a naphthyl group, a substituted naphthyl group, pyrrolyl group, a substituted pyrrolyl group, a furyl group, a substituted furyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl, or an alkoxyl group; R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, a cyano group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a substituted biphenyl group, a thienyl group, a substituted thienyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a substituted pyrrolyl group, a furyl group, a substituted furyl group, a naphthyl group, or a substituted naphthyl group; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, an acetyl group, a cyano group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, a biphenyl group,

Abstract: The invention describes a fast curable system for the preparation of amine modified thermosettings containing triazine groups, the system comprising at least one polyfuctional organic monomeric or prepolymerized cyanate and at least one primary or secondary amine, wherein the amount of amine is selected such that the molar ratio of cyanate radicals to amine radicals is from 95:5 to 50:50, and optionally additional additives, characterized in that the amine is present in a form having a blocked or decreased reactivity which can be reactivated without reacting it with a chemical participant of reaction. Further, it is directed to amine modified thermosetting materials containing triazine groups as well as to a method for preparing same.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of making amide and super plastics including the steps of dissolving hydrocarbon feed materials in a molten metal at temperatures above 400° C. and pressures above 400 kg/cm2; increasing the temperature to above 800° C. and the pressure to above 800 kg/cm2 such that the feed material polymerizes together as an amide plastic; separating the amide plastic from the molten metal; and cooling the amide plastic and extracting amide plastic. Preferably wherein the molten metal is tin and the hydrocarbon feed materials are selected from the group comprised of oil, natural gas, sulfides of; sodium, potassium, magnesium, and zinc, salts of; bromine and chlorine, coal oils, propane, nitrogen, oxygen, urea, and hydrocarbon containing refuse.

Abstract: A lithium battery employs for a battery separator and a battery insulating packing and the like a battery polymeric material comprising repeating units wherein p-phenylene is combined with one type of group selected from the group composed of oxygen, a methylene group, an isopropylidene group, a carbonyl group, a carbonyldioxy group, a carboxylic acid anhydride group, an amide group, an ureylene group and a sulfonyl group, or a polymeric material comprising at least two types of repeating units wherein p-phenylene is combined with one type of group selected from the group composed of oxygen, a methylene group, an isopropylidene group, a carbonyl group, a carbonyldioxy group, a carboxylic acid anhydride group, an amide group, an ureylene group, a sulfonyl group, sulfur and a carbonyloxy group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polybenzazole article superior in light resistance, which contains a light-resisting agent that allows for a regular reflectance of the article of not more than 30% in not less than 30% of the wavelength region of from 450 nm to 700 nm and a production method thereof. The present invention provides a polybenzazole article having noticeably superior light resistance, which is preferable as industrial materials and fireman's garments, and a production method thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides generally a new type of organic electrochromic Near Infrared (NIR)-active materials capable of absorbing and attenuating the light in the NIR region around 1550 nm and forming thin films on electrodes for variable optical attenuator (VOA) applications. They have utility in planar VOA devices. The materials are ruthenium complexes. Unsymmetrical complexes having two different substituents are disclosed, where one substituent is more electron-donating than the other. Complexes which are dimers or trimers (symmetrical or unsymmetrical) are disclosed, as are polymeric complexes. Crosslinked polymeric complex films are also disclosed.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film based on a two-phase polymeric material, and a method for the fabrication is provided. The two-phase polymeric material comprises a polymer matrix and a partially crystalline film of ordered, immobilized, organic molecules. The polymer matrix provides desired mechanical properties while the crystalline film provides desired optical properties of the fabricated material.

Abstract: A crosslinking agent is provided which is an ungelled reaction product of (a) an aminoplast resin and (b) a compound having active hydrogen groups reactive with the aminoplast resin (a) such that the crosslinking agent is essentially free of functional groups reactive with aminoplast resin and has a glass transition temperature of at least 10° C. Also provided is a method for preparing the crosslinking agent. Further provided is a curable powder coating composition including (A) a polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least 30° C. containing reactive functional groups and (B) the previously described crosslinking agent. Additionally provided is a multilayer composite coating composition including a base coat deposited from a film-forming composition and a top coat over the base coat deposited from the previously described powder coating composition. Coated substrates are also provided.

Abstract: Deaggregated substituted and unsubstituted polyparaphenylenes, polyparaphenylevevinyles, polyanilines, polyazines, polythiophenes, poly-p-phenylene sulfides, polyfuranes, polypyrroles, polyselenophene, polyacetylenes formed from soluble precursors and combinations thereof and copolymers thereof and methods of fabrication are described. The deaggregated polymer molecules when subsequently doped show higher electrical conductivity. Agents such as lithium chloride, m-cresol and nonylphenol are used to deaggregate the polymer molecules. The deaggregating agents can be added prior to or during doping the molecules.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions are provided comprising a first plurality of first monomeric units comprising an aromatic group with at least one substituent selected from alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, heteroalkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and amino, and a second plurality of second multi-functional monomeric units, wherein each multi-functional monomeric unit is capable of forming a branching point in the polymeric composition, thereby resulting in a branched material. Invention compositions therefore have an altered morphology relative to similar non-branched materials. When used to form an EL layer within an EL device, this altered morphology results in EL layers with improved efficiency, which in turn results in more efficient EL devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to the synthesis of polymers containing self-complementary quadruple hydrogen groups by copolymerizing monomers containing a quadruple hydrogen bonding group with one or more monomers of choice. The resulting polymers show unique new characteristics due to the presence of additional physical interactions between the polymer chains that are based on multiple hydrogen bonding interactions (supramolecular interactions).

Abstract: Hematin, a hydroxyferriprotoporphyrin, is derivatized with one or more non-proteinaceous amphipathic groups. The derivatized hematin can serve as a mimic of horseradish peroxidase in polymerizing aromatic monomers, such as aromatic compounds. These derivatized hematins can also be used as catalysts in polymerizing aromatic monomers, and can exhibit significantly greater catalytic activity than underivatized hematin in acidic solutions. In one embodiment, polymerization is in the presence of a template, along which aromatic monomers align. An assembled hematin includes alternating layers of hematin and a polyelectrolyte, which are deposited on an electrically charged substrate. Assembled hematin can also be used to polymerize aromatic monomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for preparation of conducting polyaniline. More particularly the present invention relates to a simple process for preparation of conducting polyaniline in non acidic medium.

Abstract: The unsaturated oligophenol cyanates of the general formula [A—]n[B—A—]xB[—A]m   (I) in which A is a group of formula: and B is a group of formula: where R1, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen or a bond with a group B, there being either one or two bonds with group B; and both R4 and R4′ as well as R5 and R5′ separately or jointly represent a direct bond or hydrogen and a bond with a group A, there being either one or two bonds with A. The indices m and n are 0 or 1 but not both 1 at the same time and x is a whole number between 0 and 10, where at least one of the numbers, m, n and x is not 0. The unsaturated oligophenol cyanates can be prepared by reacting the corresponding oligophenols with cyanogen chloride. The have a low viscosity and owing to their double bonds are able to undergo free-radical polymerization.

Abstract: The invention provides conjugated polymers that have good solubility and semiconductivity, and that display high photoluminescent and electroluminescent efficiency.

Abstract: Organic polymers having water contact angles of 20° or smaller, preferably 7° or smaller and equipped with both high wettability and high transparency. The organic polymers may contain as partial structures polar structures of about 3 debyes or higher in dipole moment and are available especially from polymerization of polymerizable compounds having alkylene(thio)urea structures.

Abstract: Immersion precipitation of solutions having 15%-30% (w/w) and various molecular weights of the emeraldine base form of polyaniline in polar aprotic solvents are shown to form integrally skinned asymmetric membranes and fibers having skin layers <1 &mgr;m thick which exhibit improved rates of gas transport while preserving good selectivity. These membranes can be further transformed by an acid doping process after fabrication to achieve excellent permeation rates and high selectivities for particular gas separations. Prior to the use of concentrated EB solutions, the formation of integrally skinned asymmetric membranes was not possible, since films and fibers made from <5% w/w polyaniline solutions were found to disintegrate during the IP process.

Abstract: A modified chain aliphatic polyamine obtained by addition reaction of a chain aliphatic polyamine having a specific structure and an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound has a low viscosity and it provides, when used as a curing agent for epoxy resin, an epoxy resin composition which can provide an epoxy resin cured product having an excellent property. Further, a modified chain aliphatic polyamine composition obtained by addition reaction of a chain aliphatic polyamine having a specific structure and an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound followed by the removing step of unreacted chain aliphatic polyamine to reduce its amount less than 2% by weight provides, when used as a curing agent for epoxy resin, an epoxy resin composition which can provide an epoxy resin cured product having an excellent property.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing bile salts from a patient in need thereof and compositions useful in the method. The method comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a salt of an alkylated and crosslinked polymer. The alkylated and crosslinked polymer salt comprises the reaction product of crosslinked polymers, or salts and copolymers thereof having amine containing repeat units, with at least one aliphatic alkylating agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of crosslinked nitrogenous compounds which are soluble or dispersible in water and are obtainable by crosslinking of (a) compounds containing at least three NH groups with (b) at least bifunctional crosslinkers which react with NH groups, in detergents and cleaners, especially soil release agents. Compounds (a) are preferably selected from the group consisting of oligo- and polyamines, polyalkylenepolyamines, polyamidoamines, polyamidoamines grafted with (poly)ethyleneimine, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyfluorenes end-capped with at least one charge-transporting moiety, and to films and devices based thereon.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a polyaniline/high molecular weight polymeric sulfonic acid complex made by oxidative polymerization, and aqueous polyaniline dispersions, where the viscosity of the dispersion has been increased by the presence of the high molecular weight polymeric sulfonic acids during the polymerization process.

Abstract: An aromatic ether oligomer or polyaromatic ether comprising the formula: wherein Ar is an independently selected divalent aromatic radical; formed by reacting a dihydroxyaromatic with a dihaloaromatic; and wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of a copper compound and cesium carbonate. The polyaromatic ether is formed when neither the dihydroxyaromatic nor the dihaloaromatic is present in an excess amount. The aromatic ether oligomer is formed by using an excess of either dihydroxyaromatic or dihaloaromatic. A phthalonitrile monomer comprising the formula: formed by reacting a 3- or 4-nitrophthalonitrile with a hydroxy-terminated aromatic ether oligomer. A thermoset formed by curing the phthalonitrile monomer. Processes for forming all the above.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive polymer comprising a polybiphenylaniline which is doped with dopant comprising at least an acid having a single site of a group which dissociates proton.

Abstract: Polymers with biocidal action, process for their preparation and their use The invention relates to polymers consisting essentially of structural units of the formula (1) in which R1 is a C1-C4-alkylene group R2, R3 independently of one another, are a C8-C12-alkyl or alkenyl group R4 is methyl or ethyl R5 is hydrogen or methyl and whose molecular weight is between 1000 and 100 000 g/mol, to intermediates for their preparation, to a process for their preparation, and to their use as biocidal coating composition for surfaces and textiles.

Abstract: The continuous process for preparing a polyamide by reacting at least one aminonitrile with water comprises:

Abstract: The present invention uses a curable resin which has: in the molecule thereof, at least two crosslinking functional groups of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of epoxy group, (meth)acryloyl group, alkenylamino group and alkenyloxy group; a glass transition temperature before curing of 50 to 150° C.; a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000; and a dielectric constant of not higher than 3.5 after curing. By use of the curable resin of the above constitution, the present invention can provide a curable resin that an insulator having an excellent thermal shock resistance and an excellent dielectric property is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the preparation of polyesters, poly(ester amide)s and poly(ester imide)s. The materials obtained by the methods of present invention are useful as fluid separation membranes and as high performance materials.

Abstract: Polyelectrolyte complexes of cationic and anionic polymers which consist of (a) cationic condensates of (i) at least one amine and (ii) a crosslinking agent from the group consisting of epihalohydrins, bishalohydrins of diols, bishalohydrins of polyalkylene glycols, bishalohydrins of polytetrahydrofurans, alkylene dihalides, alkylene trihalides, bisepoxides, trisepoxides, tetraepoxides and/or mixtures of said compounds, and/or quaternized cationic condensates of (i) and (ii), and (b) anionic compounds containing at least three anionic groups and have a charge ratio between anionic and cationic polymers of from 0.01 to 20, and a process for the preparation of the polylectrolyte complexes by mixing the cationic condensates (a) with anionic compounds (b).

Abstract: A method for preparing a wide range of substituted poly(aniline)s from a single precursor is described. The method uses a variety of reactions, including a boron activation/electrophilic displacement reaction resulting in ipso-substitution. The ability to tune the properties of poly(aniline) through the generation of new structures is useful in numerous fields ranging from polymer-based electronics to sensors.

Abstract: Methods are provided for directly producing a stable aqueous dispersion of an electrically conducting polyaniline, comprising synthesizing an electrically conducting polyaniline in the presence of a polymeric acid in aqueous solution, thereby forming an as-synthesized aqueous dispersion comprising the electrically conducting polyaniline and the polymeric acid, and contacting the as-synthesized aqueous dispersion with at least one ion exchange resin under conditions suitable to produce a stable aqueous dispersion of an electrically conducting polyaniline. Aqueous dispersions produced by the methods of the invention are useful for preparing buffer layers for use in electroluminescent (EL) devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a condensation polymer, as well as to a process for preparation said polymers, having at least one dialkylamide endgroup connected through the polymer backbone to a unit derived from an alkylamide, the connection comprising at least one ester linkage. The polymer according to the invention can be linear or branched. The condensation polymers can be very widely used in technically different fields, both in thermosetting and in thermoplastic applications. The invention also relates to a composition comprising the condensation polymer according to the invention, an active substance and a polymer, as well as to a process for incorporating an active substance in an object comprising at least of a polymer composition, by bringing the object into contact with the active substance. More in particular, the invention relates to the dying of polymer fibers.

Abstract: Salt of a melamine condensation product and a phosphorus-containing acid, the phosphorus-containing acid being a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid. Further a method for the preparation of a phosphorus-containing salt of a melamine condensation product in which a triazine compound and a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid are heated together to a temperature between 250 and 400° C.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided novel heterobifunctional monomers and users for the same. Invention compounds have many of the properties required by the microelectronics industry, such as, for example, hydrophobicity, high Tg values, low dielectric constant, ionic purity, low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and the like. These properties result in a thermoset that is particularly well suited to high performance applications where typical operating temperatures are often significantly higher than those at which prior art materials were suitable. Invention compounds are particularly ideal for use in the manufacture of electronic components, such as, for example, printed circuit boards, and the like.

Abstract: A new type of polymer is described that represents a new composition of matter. This polymer contains alternating electronegative group III-VI elements connected with hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon linkages to form a polyalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl heteroatomic polymer. These polymers can be combined with lithium salts to form a solid polymer electrolyte for use in electrochemical systems such as batteries. These new solid polymer electrolytes exhibit lithium cation diffusion and lithium cation transport numbers that are superior to similar solid polymer electrolytes composed of polyethylene oxide.

Abstract: The invention provides conjugated polymers that have good solubility and semiconductivity, and that display high photoluminescent and electroluminescent efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to wave guide systems or structures or parts thereof, characterized in that they consist of or comprise a resin composed of at least one polycyanate copolymer, obtainable by copolymerization of at least one specific difunctional cyanate with at least one monocyanate of the formula N≡—C—O—R, wherein R is a straight or branched non-aromatic hydrocarbon radical or a non-aromatic hydrocarbon radical comprising a cyclic structure, the radical having the formula C(R′)2—CFR″2 wherein each R′ is, independently from the other, hydrogen or fluorine or an optionally substituted, preferably fluorinated alkyl or alkenyl group, and each of R″ may independently be defined as R′ or may have an arylic structure.

Abstract: A water-soluble block copolymer having a mass average molecular weight of 2500 to 800000 and comprising, within a molecule, a poly(ethylene imine) block unit and a poly(N-propionylethylene imine) block unit is a novel linear or star-shaped water-soluble block copolymer.

Abstract: An antimicrobial polymer, characterised in that it carries a covalently bound chromophoric marker. The antimicrobial polymer is preferably a cationic antimicrobial polymer, especially a poly(hexamethylenebiguanide). Also claimed are compositions containing the antimicrobial polymer, a method for treating a medium using the antimicrobial polymer and a method for detecting the antimicrobial polymer in a medium.

Abstract: Multicrystalline melamine powder having a specific area of from 0.7-5 m2/g, content of oxygen-containing components of less than 0.7 wt %, an APHA colour less than 17 and a melam content higher than 1.5 wt %. The multicrystalline melamine powder may be used in amino-formaldehyde resins.