Abstract: A process for the manufacture of soluble hyperbranched polyamides is disclosed comprising the steps of combining multifunctional monomer reactants comprising amine and carboxylic acid functional groups in a reactor with water, and reacting amine and carboxylic acid functional groups of the multi-functional monomers at elevated temperature and pressure for a period of time sufficient to form a highly branched polyamide. The present invention advantageously provides a simple, practical, and environmentally friendly process for the manufacture of soluble hyperbranched polyamides comprising multifunctional in-chain and/or end groups. The present invention also provides a process for the manufacture of soluble hyperbranched polyamides from monomers with a broad range of the ratio of functional amine groups to acid groups.

Abstract: A method for preparing a wide range of substituted poly(aniline)s from a single precursor is described. The method uses a variety of reactions, including a boron activation/electrophilic displacement reaction resulting in ipso-substitution. The ability to tune the properties of poly(aniline) through the generation of new structures is useful in numerous fields ranging from polymer-based electronics to sensors.

Abstract: Polymers made from triazine derivatives for intermediates and molded materials with improved toughness and high flame resistance and strength consisting of

Abstract: Bioerodible polyorthoesters useful as orthopedic implants or vehicles for the sustained delivery of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and agricultural agents contain amine functionalities and &agr;-hydroxy acid-containing groups.

Abstract: Aromatic aliphatic ether solvents, such as anisole, methylanisole, and phenetole, have been found useful in formulating coating solutions of polymeric dielectric materials and as a clean up solvent in the coating process. A process for forming a dielectric film on a substrate includes depositing a coating solution of a dielectric material in a formulation solvent onto a surface of the substrate and depositing an aromatic aliphatic ether solvent onto an edge portion of the surface of the substrate. The process is used to form films of dielectric materials including arylene ether dielectric polymers, hydridosiloxane resins, organohydridosiloxane resins, spin-on-glass materials, partially hydrolyzed and partially condensed alkoxysilane compositions which are cured to form a nanoporous dielectric silica material, and poly(perhydrido)silazanes.

Abstract: Linear, polymeric biguanides or salts thereof wherein the polymeric chain is terminated both at the cyanoguanidine and the amino end groups by either a C2-C140 primary or secondary amine or corresponding cyanoguanidine which is optionally substituted with a halogen, nitro, hydroxy, carbonyl, carboxy, mercapto, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonate, sulfide, ether, etc. The di end-cap polymeric biguanides have a high level of biocidal activity accompanied by a low level of toxicity to host organisms and therefore useful as biocides.

Abstract: A precursor of a polybenzoxazole resin which comprises a crosslinking group in a molecule and has a specific structure, a polybenzoxazole resin obtained from the precursor by the condensation reaction and the crosslinking reaction, an insulating film comprising the polybenzoxazole resin and a semiconductor device comprising an insulating interlayer film in multi-layer wiring or a film for protecting surfaces which comprises the above insulating film. The precursor exhibits excellent processability due to excellent solubility in solvents and, after the ring closure, excellent heat stability in applications. The resin exhibits excellent electric, physical and mechanical properties and is advantageously used for insulating interlayer films of semiconductor devices and the like applications.

Abstract: Methods of forming low molecular weight oligomers of aniline-based compounds are provided as well as methods of forming varied molecular weight oligomers and polymers that are aniline-based which are end-functionalized and capable of being reacted with other monomeric species to form a variety of copolymers. The oligomers, end-functionalized oligomers and copolymers exhibit corrosion-resistant properties and provide corrosion-resistant compounds for use on various substrates.

Abstract: Light-stabilized polymers having a high concentration of light-stabilizing moieties covalently bonded along the polymer chain are disclosed. A method of making light-stabilized polymers having a high concentration of light-stabilizing moieties covalently bonded along the polymer chain is also disclosed.

Abstract: The template-guided synthesis of water-soluble, chiral conducting polymer complexes is described. Synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline complexes is achieved by carefully controlling the experimental parameters such as; acid concentration, ionic strength, monomer/template ratio, total reagent concentration, and order of reagent addition. Chiral (helical) polyaniline complexes can be synthesized by addition of a chiral inducing agent (chiral acid) prior to polymerization, and the polyaniline helix can be controlled by the addition of the (+) or (−) form of the chiral acid. Moreover the quantity of chiral acid and the salt content has a significant impact on the degree of chirality in the final polymer complexes. The polyaniline and the template have been found to be mixed at the molecular level which results in chiral complexes that are robust through repeated doping and dedoping cycles.

Abstract: This invention discloses a class of soluble poly(arylene-oxadiazole) polymers and copolymers comprising at least 20 repeat units, which may be the same or different, represented by the formula: 1

Abstract: A polymer which comprises triarylamine units, which polymer comprises one or more structural units comprising Arh-NAr2, where Arh comprises a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group and each Ar is the same or different and comprises a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group and excluding the copolymer where the polymer backbone contains one or more divinylenearylene units.

Abstract: In a method for preparing polyaniline, aniline is polymerized in a reactor in a polymerization medium containing aniline and oxidant. The polymerization is performed in a reactor in which the ratio of the heat transfer surface to the reaction volume is at least 10/m, preferably at least 20/m. In the apparatus, the polymerization is performed in a tubular reactor by allowing a medium containing aniline and oxidant to flow in a mixed flow through the tubular reactor. The tubular reactor is equipped with static mixers, and there can be several tubular reactors in parallel.

Abstract: The invention provides conjugated polymers that have good solubility and semiconductivity, and that display high photoluminescent and electroluminescent efficiency.

Abstract: A novel polycyanoaryl ether exhibiting excellent heat-resistance, hydrolysis-resistance and weatherability, as well as industrially high general-purpose properties, and the method for the production thereof is to be provided. The polycyanoaryl ether of this invention is represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 stands for a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms; R2 stands for a divalent organic group; and n stands for a degree of polymerization.

Abstract: The invention provides coating compositions having improved scratch and mar resistance. The curable coating compositions of the invention comprise a film-forming component (A) comprising one or more active hydrogen containing components (a), and one or more curing agents (b) comprising at least one aminoplast resin (bi) having from 0.5 to 3.5 moles of NH per mole of aminoplast resin (bi), a blocked acid catalyst (B) having a blocking agent which is not a tertiary amine, and a tertiary amine (C) present in an amount equal to 10 to 150% by weight of the blocking agent. The invention farther provides a method of making cured coated substrates having improved scratch and mar resistance as well as a method of making multilayer coating compositions.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a macromolecular solid electrolyte exhibiting high ion conductivity even at low temperatures and a polymer used therefor. This invention relates to a polymer formed of structural units represented by the following formula (1): wherein R represents a linear or branched alkylene residue of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X− represents a deprotonated residue of an acid; Y+ represents a cation of a nitrogen-containing compound; Z represents a residue of a monoethylenically unsaturated compound; m represents a number of average addition mols of a branched chain bound to the structural unit, —(RO)—, forming a main chain and is in the range of 2 to 20; n is in the range of 3 to 500; and p is in the range of 0 to 2, and macromolecular solid electrolyte comprising the polymer as an essential component.

Abstract: Dendrimer additives incorporated in thermoplastic resins (such as polycarbonate resins) are effective to alter the surface characteristics of the thermoplastic resin. Such compositions can be injection molded to produce articles in which the dendrimer additive is concentrated at the surface of the article to alter the properties of the resin. By selection of the type of dendrimer additive, the resulting characteristics of the molded article may be controlled.

Abstract: The invention provides conjugated polymers that have good solubility and semiconductivity, and that display high photoluminescent and electroluminescent efficiency.

Abstract: Fertilizer formulations comprising polysulfonic acid together with inorganic fertilizers or slurry or liquid fertilizers and one or more nitrification inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyfluorenes end-capped with at least one charge-transporting moiety, and to films and devices based thereon.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pulverulent, cationic, crosslinked polymers based on monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a quaternized or quaternizable nitrogen atom comprises carrying out the polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide as inert diluent with mixing at from 31° C. to 150° C. and above 73 bar.

Abstract: Aromatic poly(1,3,4-heterodiazoles) include from 100 to 1,000 repeating units selected from the group consisting of in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be identical or different and are each an alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy or thiophenol group and X is S, O or N-phenyl, for use in optical devices, especially electroluminescent components.

Abstract: Improved anti-reflective coating compositions for use in integrated circuit manufacturing processes and methods of forming these compositions are provided. Broadly, the compositions are formed by heating a solution comprising a compound including specific compounds (e.g., alkoxy alkyl melamines, alkoxy alkyl benzoguanamines) under acidic conditions so as to polymerize the compounds and form polymers having an average molecular weight of at least about 1,000 Daltons. The monomers of the resulting polymers are joined to one another via linkage groups (e.g., —CH2—, —CH2—O—CH2—) which are bonded to nitrogen atoms on the respective monomers. The polymerized compound is mixed with a solvent and applied to a substrate surface after which it is baked to form an anti-reflective layer. The resulting layer has high k values, improved etch rates, and can be formulated for both conformal and planar applications.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a polyaniline/high molecular weight polymeric sulfonic acid complex made by oxidative polymerization, and aqueous polyaniline dispersions, where the viscosity of the dispersion has been increased by the presence of the high molecular weight polymeric sulfonic acids during the polymerization process.

Abstract: A modified cyanate ester group curable resin composition, and varnishes, prepregs, laminated boards adhered with metal foil, films, printed circuit boards, and multilayered circuit boards using the same, comprising: (A) a cyanate ester group compound expressed by chemical formula (1), (where, R1 is and respective of and R2 and R3 is any one of hydrogen or methyl group, and the both can be the same or different from each other, (B) a monovalent phenolic group compound expressed by chemical formula (2), or formula (3), where R4 and R5 is any one of hydrogen atom or low alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the both can be the same or different from each other, n is a positive integer of 1 or 2.  (where, R6 is or  (C) a polyphenylene ether resin,  (D) a flame retardant not reactive with the cyanate ester group compound, and  (E) a metal group reaction catalyst.

Abstract: A dampening water composition for a lithographic printing plate comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetylene alcohol, acetylene glycol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, secondary-butyl alcohol, tertiary-butyl alcohol, a compound of (CH3)3C—O—(—CH2—CH2—O—)p—H wherein p represents an integer of from 1 to 3, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutanol, 3-methoxybutanol, a compound represented by the following formula (I) and a compound represented by the following formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel aromatic cyanate ester compounds containing at least two rings linked by a group containing an unsaturated group. The present invention further relates to compositions and prepolymers of said novel aromatic cyanate ester compounds. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing said compounds and cured articles resulting from curable mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Provided are processes by which an ethylenimine polymer and an aqueous solution thereof can advantageously be produced at low costs in an industrial scale. The ethylenimine polymer can be produced by polymerizing crude ethylenimine obtained by a simple distilling operation from an ethylenimine-containing reaction mixture produced by subjecting ethanolamine to intermolecular dehydration reaction, preferably crude ethylenimine having impurity contents which are controlled in the specific ranges. When the above crude ethylenimine is polymerized in an aqueous medium, capable of being obtained is an aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer having a higher molecular weight than that produced by non-solvent polymerization. The ethylenimine polymer can be purified by, for example, adding water thereto, mixing them and then vaporizing and removing water under heating. The aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer can be purified by heating and condensing it.

Abstract: A method of making a composite polymer of a molecularly doped polymer. The method includes mixing a liquid polymer precursor with molecular dopant forming a molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture. The molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture is flash evaporated forming a composite vapor. The composite vapor is cryocondensed on a cool substrate forming a composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer, and the cryocondensed composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer is cross linked thereby forming a layer of the composite polymer layer of the molecularly doped polymer.

Abstract: Nonaqueous compositions comprising at least one product of the reaction between

Abstract: A curable composition comprises a compound having at least one epoxy group and at least one styrenic or cinnamyl group per molecule.

Abstract: The invention provides N-aminopropylated toluenediamines, processes for synthesizing them, compositions containing them and methods for using them to cure epoxy resins. In preferred embodiments, the N-aminopropylated toluenediamines are represented by the following formula: where the nitrogen atoms are ortho or meta to each other on the aromatic ring.

Abstract: A polymer in the form of a novolac resin is provided wherein the novolac resin has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-30,000, some of the hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups are replaced by 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl ester groups, and some of the hydrogen atoms of the remaining hydroxyl groups are replaced by substituted acetal groups and/or crosslinked within a molecule or between molecules with crosslinking groups having C—O—C linkages. The polymer is formulated into a positive resist composition having improved uniformity, sensitivity, resolution and pattern profile as well as improved heat resistance, film retention, substrate adhesion and storage stability.

Abstract: Oxyallyl pendent polymer system having repeating units of the formulae hereinafter referred to as structure A, wherein x has a value of about 0.1 to 1.0 and y has a value of 1.0-x, and hereinafter referred to as structure B, wherein the sum of p+q has a value of about 0.1 to 1.0, r has a value of 1.0-(p+q) and the molar ratio of p:q is about 9:1 to 1:9, wherein Bz is a benzazole unit selected from the group consisting of wherein X is —O—, —S— or —NH—, and R is selected from the group consisting of and wherein Ar is an aromatic group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing bile salts from a patient in need thereof and compositions useful in the method. The method comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a salt of an alkylated and crosslinked polymer. The alkylated and crosslinked polymer salt comprises the reaction product of crosslinked polymers, or salts and copolymers thereof having amine containing repeat units, with at least one aliphatic alkylating agent.

Abstract: Stable, concentrated solutions of high-molecular weight polyaniline using amines as gel inhibitors. Certain amine compounds (gel inhibitors) are used to form highly concentrated, stable solutions of the emeraldine base form of polyaniline in numerous organic solvents from which coatings, films and fibers are readily prepared without problems associated with rapid gelation which occurs when concentrated solutions are attempted without the use of the gel inhibitors of the present invention. Tertiary amines are used to solubilize low-molecular weight fractions (Mw<120,000, Mn<30,000) of the pernigraniline, emeraldine, and leucoemeraldine oxidation states of polyaniline as concentrated (>20 wt. %) polyaniline solutions, while primary and secondary amines are used to produce solutions having 15-40 wt % of high-molecular weight polyaniline [Mw≧120,000, Mn≧30,000]. Concentrated solutions of polyaniline co-polymers or ring and/or nitrogen-substituted polyanilines may also be prepared.

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugated polycarbazole derivates comprising repeating or alternating units of the formula: 1

Abstract: A process for increasing the molar mass of a cationic copolymer of the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt of formula (I): 1

Abstract: A method of production of a homopolymer or copolymer or homo-oligomer or co-oligomer product characterised in that the product is obtained by condensation reaction of a diaminoanthracene, substituted or not, optionally with a diiminoanthracene substituted or not in the absence of anthraquinone substituted or not.

Abstract: The invention provides novel conjugated polymers comprised of arylamine-substituted poly(arylene vinylenes). The polymers have the general structure (I) wherein: Ar is arylene, heteroarylene, substituted arylene or substituted heteroarylene containing one to three aromatic rings; R1 is an arylamine substituent having the formula —Ar1—N(R4R5) wherein Ar1 is as defined for Ar and R4 and R5 are independently hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heteroatom-containing hydrocarbyl, or substituted heteroatom-containing hydrocarbyl, or together form a cyclic group; and R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrido, halo and cyano, or may be as defined for R4 and R5, or may together form a triple bond. Monomeric precursors and methods of synthesizing the precursors are also provided, as are electroluminescence and other devices containing a polymer of the invention.

Abstract: Aromatic aliphatic ether solvents, such as anisole, methylanisole, and phenetole, have been found useful in formulating coating solutions of polymeric dielectric materials and as a clean up solvent in the coating process. A process for forming a dielectric film on a substrate includes depositing a coating solution of a dielectric material in a formulation solvent onto a surface of the substrate and depositing an aromatic aliphatic ether solvent onto an edge portion of the surface of the substrate. The process is used to form films of dielectric materials including arylene ether dielectric polymers, hydridosiloxane resins, organohydridosiloxane resins, spin-on-glass materials, partially hydrolyzed and partially condensed alkoxysilane compositions which are cured to form a nanoporous dielectric silica material, and poly(perhydrido)silazanes.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the functionalized polyanilines and also to a method for making said functionalized polyanilines.

Abstract: A metal-dendrimer complex in which the metal active site is deep within the three-dimensional dendrimer construct, has superoxide dismutase-like activity. In particular embodiments the complex is a copper(II)-dendrimer complex and the dendrimer construct is a dendritic polypeptide, and the copper(II) is complexed with imidazole groups provided by histidine side groups within the dendritic construct. The dendrimer construct has a generally globular shape, and the branched chains nearer the surface are sufficiently densely packed to restrict the movement of larger biomolecules into the dendritic construct toward the metal active sites. Smaller molecules such as the superoxide anion (O2·−) move freely from the milieu into the dendritic complex and to the metal active sites, where the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide is effected; and smaller molecules such as hydrogen peroxide move freely out from the dendritic complex to the milieu.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprising an organic layer having a luminescent region provided between an anode and a cathode, wherein the organic layer comprises a distyryl compound.

Abstract: A gas generating material (16) comprises a polymeric amine. The polymeric amine has a polymer backbone that includes units of wherein R is a nitrogen containing organic radical of a nitrogen containing organic fuel that includes a primary amino group.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel polymers derivatized with at least one —SNO group per 1200 atomic mass unit of the polymer. In one embodiment, the S-nitrosylated polymer has stabilized-S-nitrosyl groups. In another embodiment the S-nitrosylated polymer prepared by polymerizing a compound represented by the following structural formula: R is an organic radical. Each X′ is an independently chosen aliphatic group or substituted aliphatic group. Preferably, each X′ is the same and is a C2-C6 alkylene group, more preferably—CH2—, —CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2— or —CH2CH2CH2CH2—. p and m are independently a positive integer such that p+m is greater than two. The polymers of the present invention can be used to coat medical devices to deliver nitric oxide in vivo to treatment sites.

Abstract: Laminate structures, for example for use in circuit boards, comprise a metal foil and at least one cured composition layer disposed on at least one surface of the metal foil, wherein the cured composition layer comprises (a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cyanate esters and cyanate ester prepolymers, (b) a flame retardant which is substantially toluene soluble and substantially free of hydroxy residues in the cured state, and (c) a curing catalyst.

Abstract: Conjugated polymers and copolymers with strong luminescent properties and balanced charge transporting/injection properties are disclosed. Methods of manufacturing such polymers and copolymers and optoelectronic devices fabricated with such polymers and copolymers are disclosed. A conjugated luminescent polymer with tunable charge transport is prepared according to the following polymerization reaction: mM1+nM2→(M1)m(M2)n wherein M1 is a monomer having at least two reactive functional groups and at least one chemically bonded charge transporting chromophore group possessing electron-withdrawing character and M2 is a monomer having at least two reactive functional groups and at least one chemically bonded charge transporting chromophore group possessing electron-donating character, wherein m and n are stoichiometric quantities of the monomers M1 and M2, respectively, wherein m and n are varied to tune the charge transport property of the conjugated luminescent polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrically conductive microgel and preparation thereof. The electrically conductive microgel is prepared by adding 3 to 30 weight % of a monomer for synthesizing electrically conductive polymer and 1 to 20 weight % of a dopant to 15 to 80 weight % of an organic solution containing 5 to 60 weight % of microgel particles and polymerizing said monomer at a temperature of 0 to 80 ° C. under the addition of 2 to 40 weight % of an aqueous solution containing 1 to 40 weight % of an oxidative polymerization catalyst, in which the polymer adsorbed on the surface of the microgel particles. The electrically conductive microgel takes a core/shell structure in which electrically conductive polymers or oligomers are physically adsorbed onto the internal crosslinked microgel particles.