Abstract: The invention relates to a novel and inexpensive process for the nitration and amination of aryl polymers and also to their use as blend components for producing polymer blend membranes. Such polymer blend membranes are used in membrane processes, in particular as polymeric electrolyte in electromembranes, e.g. for electrodialysis and fuel cells.

Abstract: A polyoxyalkylene derivative is represented by formula (I): wherein Z represents a residue of a compound having 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups; AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms; n and m each represent an integer of 0 to 2000 provided that both n and m do not represent 0; a and b each represent an integer satisfying the relationships: 2?a+b?8 and 1?b; R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An ester-forming monomer obtained by depolymerization of polytrimethylene terephthalate and having an acrolein content of no greater than 0.5 wt %. Polymers obtained using the monomer and fibers, films and molded articles comprising the polymers. The ester-forming monomer is obtained by reacting polytrimethylene terephthalate with at least one compound selected from among monoalcohols, 1,3-propanediol and water in the presence of a basic substance. When the recovered ester-forming monomer is used as the starting material for production of a polymer, it is possible to produce a molding polymer for fibers, films and the like with quality equivalent to or higher than that obtained using virgin monomer.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for preparing, in high purity and high yield, heterobifunctional derivatives of poly(ethylene glycol) or related polymers. A chromatographic purification step is not necessary in the method. In accordance with the method of the invention, an intermediate polymer having a formula of W-Poly-OH is provided bearing a removable group W at one terminus. The intermediate polymer W-Poly-OH is first altered by modifying the OH group to a first functional group X, followed by the removal of W to generate a second hydroxyl group. The latter hydroxyl group may then be further converted to a second functional group Y, thus providing the desired heterobifunctional derivative.

Abstract: Polyisobutenes are prepared by cationic polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-containing hydrocarbon streams in the liquid phase in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, the catalytic activity of the boron trifluoride being partially or completely eliminated at a desired time by means of a solid deactivator, by a process in which the solid deactivator has boron trifluoride-binding primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary nitrogen atoms and is insoluble in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A method for processing a polycondensate to give a granulate formed as pellets is disclosed, whereby the polycondensate is fused in the course of the method and then later resolidified. In an exemplary method, a total time during which the temperature of the polycondensate is above the melting point thereof is less than about 60 seconds. This method can be carried out by a multi-shaft extruder, whereby the degrassing and/or drying of the polycondensate in the solid state occurs at a pressure below atmospheric pressure and/or with addition of an inert gas. The time period, during which the polycondensate remains in the extruder, after being melted therein, amounts to, for example, less than about 15 seconds.

Abstract: There is disclosed a crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide), which exhibits an exothermic peak for crystallization of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when cooled after melting, and/or an endothermic peak, at the time of melting of crystals thereof, of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when re-heated after cooling of the melt, and which comprises a recurring unit of the following formula (I), and a method of preparing the same by polymerization of a 2,5-di-substituted-phenol of the following formula (II) by use of a copper complex catalyst made of a tridentate ligand of which nitrogen atoms coordinate to a copper atom in coexistence with oxygen: wherein R1's independently represent a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, and they may be the same or different. The crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide) is able to provide a melt molding which has a reduced degree of coloration and good heat resistance.

Abstract: A nitrogenated perfluoropolyether or a composition comprising thereof is provided. The nitrogenated perfluoropolyether comprises one or more perfluoropolyether groups and an amino group wherein the perfluoropolyether group and the amino group are linked by an amide group. The nitrogenated perfluoropolyether can be produced by contacting a perfluoro acid halide with an amine under a condition sufficient to produce the nitrogenated perfluoropolyether. Also provided is a substrate having coated, impregnated, or incorporated thereon or therein a composition comprising the nitrogenated perfluoropolyether.

Abstract: Olefinic interpolymer compositions comprising the olefinic interpolymer, residuals from a transition metal catalyst and boron containing activator package, and a charge dissipation modifier and methods for making them. The compositions have dissipation factors that are at least 50% less than the corresponding olefinic interpolymer compositions which have not been treated with charge dissipation modifiers. The compositions are useful in wire and cable applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a high-molecular polyamide or polyester by melt-mixing polyamide or polyester having a lower molecular weight with a carbonyl bislactam having formula 1, in which n=an integer of between 3 and 15. With the process according to the invention a permanent increase in the molecular weight of a polyamide is obtained within 2 minutes, whereas this takes at least 10 minutes under comparable conditions using a bislactam according to the state of the art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simple process for the preparation of polymeric sulfur compounds with polythiocyclopentanediyl structural elements which are used as vulcanizing agents for diene rubbers.

Abstract: Provided is a method of purifying a polyarylene sulfide by washing it with a mixture of an aprotic organic solvent and an alkyl halide, or with a mixture prepared by adding a halogenoaromatic compound having an electron-withdrawing group to an aprotic organic solvent. The method makes it possible to reduce the impurities such as alkali metal halides in polyarylene sulfide, thus giving thermally stable polyarylene sulfide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a polymer of the formula wherein x is an integer of 0 or 1, A is one of several specific groups, such as B is one of several specified groups, such as or mixtures thereof, and n is an integer representing the number of repeating monomer units, said process comprising (A) providing a reaction mixture which comprises (i) a solvent, (ii) a compound of the formula (iii) a compound of the formula (iv) a compound of the formula wherein a is an integer of from 1 to 5, R′ is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an arylalkyloxy group, an alkylaryloxy group, a polyalkyleneoxy group, or a mixture thereof, and (v) a carbonate base; and (B) heating the reaction mixture and removing generated water from the reaction mixture, thereby effecting a polymerization reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating plastic material, especially polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the relatively low temperature material is initially crystallized by heating before subjecting said material to heating or condensation in the solid phase. The material is then exposed to a hot treatment gas for at least 10 minutes in at least two chambers (2) of an apparatus and crystallized at a temperature above 135° C., e.g. 140-180° C. The is subsequently heated in a preheating chamber (3) having at least one to eight stages at a temperature of at least 185° C., preferably at least 200° C. and more preferably around 220° C.

Abstract: High consistency polymers have an inherent viscosity of from about 1.30 to about 1.55, wherein the inherent viscosity is characterized by a standard deviation of about 0.05 or less.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for heating or cooling polymer solids in a dispensing section of a solid-state polycondensation reactor. Gas is delivered to the dispensing section of the reactor in which it cools polymer solids in the dispensing section by direct heat exchange. Part of the gas is withdrawn at a point proximate to the dispensing section of the reactor and is cooled. The rest of the gas ascends through a reactive section of the reactor and purges polymer solids of impurities. The gas withdrawn from the reactive section of the reactor is oxidized of impurities and dried and then combined with the gas withdrawn proximate to the dispensing section of the reactor. To achieve uniform heating or cooling of the polymer solids in the dispensing section, a preferred ratio of mass flow rate of gas to the mass flow rate of solids is recommended.

Abstract: A process for separating a solvent and low molecular weight material from an acrylic resin by adding a hindered amine light stabilizer having at least one aminoether group to a mixture of the organic solvent, low molecular weight material and the acrylic resin and subjecting the resulting mixture to an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to remove the solvent and low molecular weight material from the acrylic resin by devolatilization. A composition can be provided which is capable of being formed into a powder coating composition which essentially contains an acrylic resin, a hindered amine light stabilizer having at least one aminoether group or residue thereof and less than 4% by weight of low molecular weight material having a molecular weight less than 600.

Abstract: A new adhesive method using an adhesive composition including cyanoacrylate adhesive and a stabilizing agent to join together portions of a substrate, particularly useful in suturing and similar medical procedures, is disclosed. It is based on the discovery that remarkable improvements are obtained by adding a step of removing stabilizing agent from such adhesive compositions in the manufacturing process with the prior known steps of (a) providing an adhesive composition including cyanoacrylate adhesive and a stabilizing agent, (b) presenting a substrate to receive at least a portion of such cyanoacrylate adhesive and (c) applying such portion to the substrate. Devices for use in performing the method are described.

Abstract: In the process for producing polyamide of the present invention, a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid are melt-polycondensed in a batch-wise fist polymerizer in the absence of a solvent to produce a middle-stage polyamide. The diamine has a boiling point higher than a melting point of the middle-stage polyamide being produced under inner pressures of the first polymerizer. The middle-stage polyamide is fed into a continuous second polymerizer while controlling the change of relative viscosity within ±0.2, and further polycondensed there to produce the objective polyamide. With such a process, the change of polymerization degree of the middle-stage polyamide during the switching of the polymerization step from a batch-wise manner to a continuous manner is avoided, thereby preventing the variation in quality of the final product.

Abstract: The invention concerns optically active polymers, obtainable by polymerizing chiral diphosphine having a C2 axis of symmetry, excluding all other symmetry element, with one or several polymerizable monomers, said chiral diphosphine consisting of a chiral body bearing two identical functional groups capable of reacting with said polymerizable monomers.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for treating a by-product salt from a polyarylene sulfide which comprises treating a solid mixture containing an aprotic organic solvent and the by-product salt that is formed in the case of producing the polyarylene sulfide by subjecting an alkali metal sulfide and a dihalogenated aromatic compound to polymerization condensation reaction in the aprotic organic solvent, characterized in that the aprotic organic solvent is recovered by dry treating the solid mixture by the use of a dryer having a self-cleaning property. It is enabled by the above process to efficiently recover the aprotic organic solvent, and thereby produce the objective polyarylene sulfide at a lower cost.

Abstract: A phenol-formaldehyde resole resin is prepared using a high level of catalyst at a polymerization temperature of about 63° C. The endpoint, measured by salt water tolerance, is selected so that the resulting resin has a water dilutability of 20:1 at neutral pH after storage for three weeks at a temperature of about 13° C., with a free phenol level of no more than 0.50 percent.

Abstract: Methods are provided for decreasing aldehyde content in polyolefin materials comprising combining with the polyolefin material an organic additive compound which reacts with aldehydes to form water and a resulting organic compound. The organic additive compound comprises at least two hydrogen-substituted heteroatoms bonded to carbons of the organic additive compound such that the organic additive compound is reactive with aldehydes present in the polyolefin to form water and the resulting organic compound, which comprises an unbridged five- or six-member ring including the at least two heteroatoms. The resulting organic compound advantageously neither imparts an off-taste to food and beverage products in contact with the polyolefin nor discolors the polyolefin. Preferred polyolefins include polypropylene and polyethylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for eliminating contaminants from epihalohydrin-derived epoxy resins. Another embodiment of the present invention is an epoxy product formed using said process. Yet another embodiment of the present invention is an epoxy derived in part from epihalohydrin wherein said epoxy is has a hydrolyzable halogen content of less than 10 ppm and an epoxide equivalent weight within 2 percent of the theoretical epoxide equivalent weight.

Abstract: A process for producing amino resin particles includes: a reaction process for obtaining a reaction solution containing an amino resin precursor which is obtained by a reaction of an amino compound with formaldehyde, and having a viscosity in a range of from 2×10−2 Pa·s to 5.8×10−2 Pa·s at a temperature in a range of from 95° C. to 98° C.; an emulsion process for obtaining an emulsion by emulsifying the reaction solution; and a curing process for curing the amino resin precursor in the emulsion state by adding a catalyst to the emulsion. With this producing process, it is possible to readily produce amino resin particles with an essentially uniform particle size (narrow particle size distribution).

Abstract: The invention relates to formulations and methods of manufacturing spray-dried phenol-formaldehyde resin that contain highly reactive phenolic compounds that include resorcinol, alkyl resorcinols, meta-amino phenol or/and phloroglucinol. The powder resin contains 0.02 to 0.09 moles of the free (unreacted) highly reactive phenolic compound per 100 parts of the solids of the dried phenol-formaldehyde resin. The powder resin composition has fast curing property and desirable shelf life for manufacturing wood composite products.

Abstract: A process for preparing stabilized olefin polymers which have a low cold heptane extractables content by polymerization of olefins with Ziegler or Phillips catalysts, wherein the polymer is, immediately after leaving the polymerization reactor, brought into contact with an involatile phenol derivative.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method of processing polyacrylonitrile into a predetermined form. The first step in this method includes preparing a solution of a room temperature solvent that will dissolve polyacrylonitrile at room temperature and, a room temperature non-solvent that will not dissolve polyacrylonitrile at room temperature. The solution is prepared with sufficient non-solvent to render the room temperature solvent inoperable such that it will not dissolve polyacrylonitrile at room temperature and such that it will be operable at temperatures above 65° C. to dissolve polyacrylonitrile therein. The second step in the present invention method involves combining polyacrylonitrile with the solution to form a mixture, in an amount of at least 20%, by weight, of polyacrylonitrile, based on the total weight of the mixture. Preferred is about 20% to about 50% by weight of the polyacrylonitrile.

Abstract: A method for lateral chain modification of aryl main chain polymers with aromatic ketones or aldehydes containing tertiary basic N-groups is described. The modification can be accomplished via addition of an aromatic carboxylic acid or an acid derivative containing a tertiary amine moiety to a metallized polymer. The tertiary amines on the modified polymer can be converted to quaternary amines with halogen alkanes. Modification of the aryl main chain polymers with aromatic groups containing sulphonic acid radicals is also described. The polymers formed can be crosslinked and prepared for use in a wide variety of membrane technologies including ion exchange, dialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing borohydride compounds. In particular, the present invention provides efficient processes and compositions for the large-scale production of borohydride compounds of the formula YBH4 by the reaction of a boron-containing compound represented by the formula BX3 with hydrogen or an aldehyde to obtain diborane and HX, and reacting the diborane with a Y-containing base selected from those represented by the formula Y2O, YOH and Y2CO3 to obtain YBH4 and YBO2. Y is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, pseudo-alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, an ammonium ion, and quaternary amines of the formula NR4+, wherein each R is independently selected from hydrogen and a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group, and X is selected from the group consisting of halide ions, —OH, —R′ and —OR′ groups, chalcogens, and chalcogenides, wherein R′ is a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group.

Abstract: A process for producing polyamides by reacting at least one lactam and optionally further polyamide-forming monomers with aqueous monomer and oligomer extracts obtained during the extraction with water of the polymer product obtained in the production of polyamides, the water content of the reaction mixture being in the range from 0.5 to 13% by weight comprises conducting the reaction in the presence of metal oxides, beta-zeolites, sheet-silicates or silica gels, which may be doped, as heterogeneous catalysts, the heterogeneous catalysts being used in the form which permits mechanical removal from the reaction mixture and are removed from the reaction mixture in the course of the polymerization or after it has ended.

Abstract: There is disclosed a crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide), which exhibits an exothermic peak for crystallization of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when cooled after melting, and/or an endothermic peak, at the time of melting of crystals thereof, of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when re-heated after cooling of the melt, and which comprises a recurring unit of the following formula (I), and a method of preparing the same by polymerization of a 2,5-di-substituted-phenol of the following formula (II) by use of a copper complex catalyst made of a tridentate ligand of which nitrogen atoms coordinate to a copper atom in coexistence with oxygen: wherein R1's independently represent a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, and they may be the same or different. The crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide) is able to provide a melt molding which has a reduced degree of coloration and good heat resistance.

Abstract: A one-step, in-situ, process for producing a high solids content emulsion or dispersion of partially or totally crosslinked urea formaldehyde (UF), melamine formaldehyde (MF), or melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin droplets or particles, by forming a reaction mixture of (i) aqueous formaldehyde (formalin), (ii) at least one water-soluble protective colloid, (iii) water and (iv) optionally a surfactant, and mixing the reaction mixture in a reaction vessel; optionally adjusting the initial pH of the reaction mixture according to a desired value as needed; adding (i) urea or substituted urea, (ii) melamine or substituted melamine, or (iii) a mixture thereof, to the reaction mixture; and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature at which condensation takes place between the (i) urea or substituted urea, (ii) the melamine or substituted melamine, or (iii) the mixture thereof, and the formaldehyde to form a urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde or melamine urea formaldehyde resin, and holding the reaction

Abstract: A process for producing a polyphenylene ether by oxidative polymerization of a phenol compound using a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas, wherein said catalyst comprises a copper compound, a bromine compound, a diamine compound of formula (1) as recited in the specification, a tertiary monoamine compound and a secondary monoamine compound, and wherein said process comprises the steps of: preparing a catalyst component (P1) in a container which is under a substantially oxygen-free inert atmosphere by mixing the copper compound and the bromine compound to obtain a mixture and then mixing the mixture with the secondary monoamine compound in an amount of at least 2 times the molar amount of the copper atom; separately preparing a catalyst component (P2) by mixing the diamine compound of formula (1) and the tertiary monoamine compound together with a solvent in an oxidative polymerization vessel; adding a predetermined amount of the catalyst component (P1) to the polymerization vessel containing the catalyst c

Abstract: Process for preparation powder coating formulations by pressure release of a composition comprising a low molecular mass inert compound, with release of the low molecular mass inert compound, in which process one or more base resins and one or more hardeners for the base resins, or one or more self-curing base resins, and, if desired, further customary coatings components, are converted together or separately into a flowable form by heating, the low molecular mass inert compound is dissolved under pressure at least in one of the base resin or hardener components employed, either before these components are combined with the other components or in the already prepared mixture, the overall mixture is homogenized, and then the mixture of all components is released from pressure, with cooling.

Abstract: Methods of forming low molecular weight oligomers of aniline-based compounds are provided as well as methods of forming varied molecular weight oligomers and polymers that are aniline-based which are end-functionalized and capable of being reacted with other monomeric species to form a variety of copolymers. The oligomers, end-functionalized oligomers and copolymers exhibit corrosion-resistant properties and provide corrosion-resistant compounds for use on various substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel, economic processes for preparing nitrated and sulfonated polymers and aminated and sulfonated polymers. Also provided are the polymers prepared by these processes. The invention also provides for membranes comprising the polymers, methods for preparing the membranes and their use in electromembrane processes, particularly in fuel cells.

Abstract: A polyoxymethylene copolymer having a melting point of 167° to 173° C. and containing a low molecular weight polyoxymethylene copolymer in an amount of not higher than 5000 ppm, and a composition thereof. The copolymer is obtainable by subjecting unstable terminal groups to heat treatment in the presence of 0.05 to 50 ppm by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound. Further, the above composition is used for working parts such as a gear and a cam; apparatuses for image, music and telecommunication; interior and exterior parts for an automobile; and the like.

Abstract: A monolayer polyolefin-based printable article includes 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one polyaminoalkylene, and is characterized in that it has been treated by means of an oxidative surface treatment, such as a corona treatment. A process for the manufacture of a polyolefin-based printable article, according to which at least one surface region of the article, including at least one polyolefin and from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one polyaminoalkylene, involves subjecting the region to an oxidative surface treatment. A printing process, according to which a polyolefin-based article, including from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one polyaminoalkylene and treated by means of an oxidative surface treatment, utilizes an electrophotography technique to print on the article.

Abstract: A process for making a polyamide substrate characterized by enhanced breaking strength and fade resistance is disclosed. The process features the steps of treating a polyamide substrate, preferably a nylon 6 substrate having a hindered amine light stabilizer chemically bound thereto, with an effective amount of an ultraviolet inhibitor, an antioxidant and optionally, a dye, in the presence of a swelling agent for the polyamide that is also a solvent for the ultraviolet inhibitor and the antioxidant to impart high breaking strength to the substrate. A life preserver or other type of buoyancy device may be made from the process. A polyamide fabric comprising a dye, an ultraviolet inhibitor and an antioxidant also is disclosed. When a polyamide fiber of the present invention is exposed to sunlight, the useful life of the fiber is greatly increased compared to untreated polyamide fiber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of recovering a polyamine compound and/or a polyol compound useful for starting materials of polyurethane resin in an industrially advantageous manner by first dissolving the polyurethane resin such as polyurethane foams discharged in a large amount as industrial wastes in a solubilizing agent containing a polyamine compound, a low molecular glycol or an amino alcohol, hydrolyzing the resulting solution with liquid water at 200 to 320° C., then recovering the polyamino compound and/or polyol compound thus formed.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyphenylene ether by oxidative polymerization of a phenol compound using a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas, wherein the catalyst comprises a copper compound, a bromine compound, a diamine compound represented by the following formula (1): (wherein, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represents hydrogen or a C1-6 linear or branched alkyl group with the proviso that all of them do not represent hydrogen simultaneously, and R5 represents a linear or methyl-branched C2-5 alkylene group), a tertiary monoamine compound and a secondary monoamine compound, wherein the process comprises the steps of: controlling an absolute pressure at a gaseous phase of a reaction vessel to a range of from 0.098 MPa to less than 0.392 MPa; and feeding the oxygen-containing gas to the reaction vessel, the oxygen-containing gas having an oxygen partial pressure, in terms of an absolute pressure, of from 0.0147 MPa to 0.0883 MPa.

Abstract: An invented method for the surface modification of a molded plastic treats a molded plastic with an oxygen-atom-containing gas such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, a nitrogen oxide, or a sulfur oxide in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide or another imide compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each, identical to or different from each other, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an acyl group, or R1 and R2 may be combined to form a double bond or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; X is an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group. An invented method for modifying a polymer treats a polymer with an oxygen-atom-containing gas such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, a nitrogen oxide, or a sulfur oxide in the presence of the imide compound represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: Poly(arylene ether) resins having intrinsic viscosities greater than about 0.8 dL/g are produced in the reaction of a phenol with oxygen in the presence of an organic solvent and a metal complex catalyst, the phenol concentration being about 5 to about 15 weight percent of the sum of phenol and solvent, and the molar ratio of metal in the metal complex catalyst to the phenol being about 1:100 to about 1:200.

Abstract: Thermally stable polymers comprising chain members derived from at least one 1,3-dihydroxybenzene moiety and at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid moiety, said polymer being substantially free of anhydride linkages linking at least two mers of the polymer chain, are prepared using an interfacial method comprising the steps of: (a) combining at least one 1,3-dihydroxybenzene moiety and at least one catalyst in a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent substantially immiscible with water; (b) adding to the mixture from (a) a controlled stoichiometric ratio of at least one acid chloride and at least one base while maintaining the pH between about 4 and about 8.5, and (c) adjusting the pH of the reaction mixture to a value in the range of about 7 and about 9 following complete addition of acid chloride, and stirring the reaction mixture for a time sufficient to destroy any anhydride linkages in the polymer chain.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cationic deproteinized natural rubber latex, in which rubber particles are positively charged and the concentration of said rubber particles is from 40 to 65% by weight and that the viscosity at 25° C. of said latex is 200 mPa·s or less, a method of preparing said latex which comprises subjecting to a deprotenization treatment using a proteolytic enzyme and a deproteinizing agent made of one or more surfactant selected from cationic and nonionic surfactants, and optionally adding a post additive comprising a cationic or nonionic surfactant as an active component, thereby to enable both surfactants described above to coexist, and a treating agent used in the same.

Abstract: A process for increasing the rate of polymerization of low molecular weight polyester particles under solid state processing conditions whereby the progress of polymerization is preferred over the progress of crystallization for a given mass of particles.

Abstract: Blends of novolaks and cyanates, such blends can be thermally hardened in a short time and without using a catalyst and have an excellent storage stability. The resins obtained by the blends can be used as binding agents in abradants or as chip coverings or printed circuit boards (PCB) in electronics.

Abstract: The present inventors has its objects to provide a polymerization catalyst component, a copper compound which can easily be synthesized and is stable. The present invention is related to a method of producing a polymer which comprises using a copper compound represented by the general formula CuXn, LCuXn or L(L′)CnXn (wherein L and L′ each represents a ligand, X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy, thioxy, allyloxy, amino, secondary amino, tertiary amino, cyano, nitro, alkyl or allyl group, and n represents an integer of 0 to 2) as a catalyst and/or polymerization initiator in polymerizing a vinyl monomer whose polarity value e, when expressed in terms of absolute value, is not more than 1.5.

Abstract: Stable, concentrated solutions of high-molecular weight polyaniline using amines as gel inhibitors. Certain amine compounds (gel inhibitors) are used to form highly concentrated, stable solutions of the emeraldine base form of polyaniline in numerous organic solvents from which coatings, films and fibers are readily prepared without problems associated with rapid gelation which occurs when concentrated solutions are attempted without the use of the gel inhibitors of the present invention. Tertiary amines are used to solubilize low-molecular weight fractions (Mw<120,000, Mn<30,000) of the pernigraniline, emeraldine, and leucoemeraldine oxidation states of polyaniline as concentrated (>20 wt. %) polyaniline solutions, while primary and secondary amines are used to produce solutions having 15-40 wt % of high-molecular weight polyaniline [Mw≧120,000, Mn≧30,000]. Concentrated solutions of polyaniline co-polymers or ring and/or nitrogen-substituted polyanilines may also be prepared.