Abstract: The present invention provides a novel carbamazepine hydrazide compound suitable for covalent attachment to a polymer particle reagent, having the general formula ##STR1## The present invention also provides a novel carbamazepine acid compound suitable for attachment to proteins for the production of carbamazepine immunogens. The carbamazepine antigen of the present invention has the following general structure: ##STR2## where X is C=O, CH.sub.2 or SO.sub.2 ; Y is C=O, CH.sub.2, SO.sub.2 ; R is an alkyl and P is a protein or a hapten.

Abstract: The ethyl ester of derivatives of benzoyl ecgonine are provided having a linking group at the para position of the benzoyl group. The derivatives are used to bond to immunogenic polypeptides for production of antisera and monoclonal antibodies. The antisera and antibodies find use in assays, for treatment of cocaine overdose and detoxification.

Abstract: A benzoylecgonine conjugate represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein, R is H or CH.sub.3 ; R' is --NH--NH--, --(NH).sub.2 --CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --CO--NH--NH--, or related linear chains wherein at least one (CH.sub.2) is replaced with a substituent selected from the group consisting of an ether, an amide, a sulfide, a disulfide, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkoxy, an aryloxy or an alkylhalide; and T is a targeting substance selected from the group consisting of proteins, peptides, antigens, polypeptides, dyes, biotins, enzymes, antibodies, hormones, carbohydrates, polysaccharide supports, and filter paper.

Abstract: Reduction (preferably elimination) of the HSP150 protein in a yeast used to produce desired foreign proteins, especially human albumin, facilitates purification of the protein.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, biologically active protein fragments can be constructed which contain only those specific portions of the serum albumin family of proteins such as regions known as subdomains IIA and IIIA which are primarily responsible for the binding properties of the serum albumins. The artificial serums that can be prepared from these biologically active protein fragments are advantageous in that they can be produced much more easily than serums containing the whole albumin, yet still retain all or most of the original binding potential of the full albumin proteins. In addition, since the protein fragment serums of the present invention can be made from non-natural sources using conventional recombinant DNA techniques, they are far safer than serums containing natural albumin because they do not carry the potentially harmful viruses and other contaminants that will be found in the natural substances.

Abstract: A method of isolating a biomolecule from a medium containing biomolecules by ion exchange wherein the ion exchange material consists of a material having ion exchanging groups which can be transformed from a charged form to an uncharged form; the eluant comprises a charge neutralizing acid or base transforming the ion exchanging groups from the charged form to the uncharged form; and the charge neutralizing acid or base has a concentration in the eluant which is twice, preferably equal to or less than the concentration of the ion exchanging groups of the ion exchange material; the ion exchange material being in a packed, hydrated state. Preferably the method is for the isolation of phosphopeptides from a medium containing casein hydrolysates and the use of such isolated biomolecules is for the production of a food, a feed, a health care product, a cosmetic, or a pharmaceutical.

Abstract: The invention is directed to human serum albumin-porphyrin (HSA-P) complexes which are capable of reversible oxygen binding and their uses. These complexes may be used in applications requiring physiological oxygen carriers such as in blood substitute solutions, or in applications requiring plasma expanders. Methods for the production of these complexes are provided. In a specific example, HSA-P complexes are shown to exhibit reversible oxygen binding. In another example, the HSA-P complex does not exhibit appreciable vasoactivity.

Abstract: A fusion polypeptide comprising, as at least part of the N-terminal portion thereof, an N-terminal portion of HSA or a variant thereof and, as at least part of the C-terminal portion thereof, another polypeptide except that, when the said N-terminal portion of HSA is the 1-n portion where n is 369 to 419 or a variant thereof then the said polypeptide is one of various specified entities.The HSA-like portion may have additional N-terminal residues, such as secretion leader sequences (signal sequences). The C-terminal portion is preferably the amino terminal fragment of human urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The N-terminal and C-terminal portions may be cleavable to yield the isolated C-terminal portion, with the N-terminal portion having served to facilitate secretion from the host. Such cleavage can be achieved in yeast using a sequence cleavable by the KEX2 protease of S. cerevisiae.

Abstract: Compositions and processes to alleviate oxygen toxicity are disclosed based on the use of nitroxides in association with physiologically compatible macromolecules. In particular, hemoglobin-based red cell substitutes are described featuring stable nitroxide free radicals for use in cell-free hemoglobin solutions, encapsulated hemoglobin solutions, stabilized hemoglobin solutions, polymerized hemoglobin solutions, conjugated hemoglobin solutions, nitroxide-labelled albumin, and nitroxide-labelled immunoglobulin. Formulations are described herein that interact with free radicals, acting as antioxidant enzyme-mimics, which preserve nitroxides in their active form in vivo. Applications are described including blood substitutes, radioprotective agents, imaging agents, agents to protect against ischemia and reperfusion injury, and in vivo enzyme mimics.

Abstract: A simple, inexpensive, physiologically compatible, cryopreservation solution which includes the innocuous components of (i) glycerol, (ii) an alkali metal chloride salt, (iii) a monosaccharide, and (iv) serum albumin.

Abstract: A pyridinoline composition in which pyridinoline is derivatized specifically at its aliphatic hydroxyl group by a selected chemical group is disclosed. In various embodiments, the composition may be used as a standard for HPLC or immunoassay of pyridinoline, a pyridinoline immunogen for producing anti-pyridinoline antibodies, and a solid-phase reagent for use in an immunoassay kit. Also disclosed are methods for making and using the composition.

Abstract: Lyophilized pharmaceutical compositions containing botulinum toxin or botulinum neurotoxin and effective amounts of trehalose and methionine have a shelf life of up to 4 months or more at room temperature and above.

Abstract: Potent and specific immunotoxins are prepared by conjugation of moieties binding to receptors on the surface of tumor cells to a mutant diphtheria toxin having A-chain translocation activity, but lacking membrane-binding activity. The immunotoxins are used to treat primary tumors of neurologic origin, metastatic tumors of small cell lung carcinoma or breast carcinoma origin, leptomeningeal leukemia and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. The preferred route of administration of the immunotoxin is to a compartment of the body containing cerebrospinal fluid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of albumin which has extremely low levels of or is essentially free of colorants, metal ions, human proteins, fragments of albumin, polymers or aggregates of albumin, and viruses, and which is relatively non-glycated, relatively high in free thiol and with an intact C-terminus. The process comprises passing albumin (preferably expressed and secreted by transformed yeast) through two chromatography purifications, ultrafiltering the product, passing through two further chromatography steps and again ultrafiltering the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to derivatives of nucleosides, processes for the production of these derivatives of nucleosides, as well as specific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies of the aforementioned derivatives.These derivatives comply with the following chemical formula: ##STR1## in which n is equal to 1, R.sup.1 stands for H or a linear mono-, di- or tri-phosphoric acid, R.sup.2 stands for a hydroxyl group, alkyl group, aryl group, a protein containing a free amino site, an aminoalkyl polystyrene or a silica grafted with an alkyl amine chain and R.sup.3 represents a substituted base chosen from among uracil, thymine, cytosine, guanine or adenine.

Abstract: This invention provides for a method to produce excreted and correctly processed heterologous protein-material in a plant host. The method comprises the step of transforming a plant host using a recombinant polynucleotide, which comprises the DNA sequences encoding the fully processed heterologous protein material, directly preceded by a DNA sequence coding for a plant signal peptide, and regulatory sequences necessary for the plant host to express the heterologous gene construct, resulting in excretion of the heterologous protein from the cell and correct cleavage of the N-terminal signal peptide, so that the mature heterologous protein produced by the plant host is identical to the corresponding protein produced in its authentic host.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to immunoassay reagents including specific antibodies to quinoline carboxylic acids, such as brequinar; novel quinoline carboxylic acid haptens useful as standards in immunoassays or for conjugating to large molecular weight carriers as immunogens or conjugating to detectable fluorescent moieties as tracer compounds. The present invention also relates to immunoassays for detecting quinoline carboxylic acids in clinical samples, and finally to kits containing said reagents.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for the manufacture of magnetically responsive particles, also called ferrofluids. The improved method involves a heat treatment step, which may occur at various times during the preparation of the materials, including during subdivision of the magnetic starting material, during the addion of a coating material, after formation of a magnetically responsive particle, or some combination thereof. The materials formed by such a process have numerous advantages over materials formed by other processes, including enhanced salt stability, increased coating uptake, and increased binding capacity. These ferrofluids have applications in a variety of preparative and diagnostic techniques, including immunoassay, cell separations, toxicity testing, food testing, environmental analysis, and MRI.

Abstract: Modified forms of human serum albumin (HSA) wherein the arginine at position 218 is substituted by a less basic amino acid show strong thyroxin-binding activity. These modified forms of HSA and fragments thereof are useful in binding thyroxin in standard assays for free thyroxin concentration and in treating conditions characterized by higher-than-desired levels of free thyroxin in animal subjects.

Abstract: A recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) pharmaceutical preparation is sterilized by subjecting a pharmaceutical preparation of rHSA obtained by gene manipulation techniques packed in a container in an administration unit to heat treatment at 50.degree. to 80.degree. C. for 30 minutes or more. By the disclosed method, rHSA having high safety can be provided since microorganisms contaminated in rHSA pharmaceutical preparations die as a result of the sterilization method of the present invention.

Abstract: Method for purifying an aqueous solution of raw albumin wherein contaminant proteins are bound by chromatography to a stationary solid phase, preferably a particulate phase, the purified albumin solution being collected as an effluent, in which a neutral phase charged with at least one compound chosen from the group formed by compounds containing C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 alkyl radicals and compounds containing sulfate groups is used as the stationary phase.

Abstract: New polypeptides having granulocyte colony stimulating activity, preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing said polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of immunoassays for metal ions. The invention presents: metal ion-ligand coordination complexes ("MLC"), novel ligands, antibodies specific for MLC, immunoassays utiliizing the foregoing, and methods for selecting said antibodies.

Abstract: Subject matter of the invention are protein-containing interference-reducing agents for immunoassays consisting of protein aggregates that are acylated with --CO--R groups, wherein R is a branched or non-branched C1-C4 alkyl residue which can be substituted with hydroxy, carboxy, SO.sub.3 H or PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 groups. These interference-reducing substances can be used together with a buffer as an interference-reducing agent or together with an immunological binding partner as a binding reagent to reduce non-specific interactions in immunoassays. Another subject matter of the invention is an immunological testing method wherein said interference-reducing substances are used.

Abstract: Several poly(ethylene glycol) mixed carbonates and their preparation are closed. These carbonates are synthesized by conversion of polyethylene glycol first to the chloroformate then by reaction with the hydroxyl group of N-hydroxybenzotriazole or 2-hydroxypyrimidine or N-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone. These mixed carbonate analogs smoothly react with amino groups in aminoglycans and protein and amino containing surfaces to form stable, hydrolysis resistant carbamate linkages.

Abstract: This invention provides for a method to produce excreted and correctly processed heterologous protein-material in a plant host. The method comprises the step of transforming a plant host using a recombinant polynucleotide, which comprises the DNA sequences encoding the fully processed heterologous protein material, directly preceded by a DNA sequence coding for a plant signal peptide, and regulatory sequences necessary for the plant host to express the heterologous gene construct, resulting in excretion of the heterologous protein from the cell and correct cleavage of the N-terminal signal peptide, so that the mature heterologous protein produced by the plant host is identical to the corresponding protein produced in its authentic host.

Abstract: Novel clearing agents are provided which comprise biotin analog containing clearance-directing moieties. Preferably such clearance-directing moieties endogenously contain or a rederivatized to expose galactose and/or mannose residues.

Abstract: Novel clearing agents comprising hexose derivatized human serum albumin and ligand molecule(s) are provided. These clearing agents are useful in pretargeting methods to clear previously administered anti-ligand containing conjugates. Preferably, the hexose is mannose or galactose and the ligand and anti-ligand are respectively biotin and avidin or streptavidin.

Abstract: Immunoassay methods and reagents for the specific quantification of amitriptyline or nortriptyline in a test sample are disclosed employing antibodies prepared with amitriptyline or nortriptyline derivatives of the Formula III: ##STR1## wherein for amitriptyline, R is CH.sub.3, and for nortriptyline, R is H. The present invention also describes the synthesis of unique fluorescein tracers of the structure of Formula IV and Formula V: ##STR2## wherein for a specific amitriptyline immunoassay, W.sub.1 is a heteroatom linked to the aromatic ring at the 2 or 3 position, and for a specific nortriptyline immunoassay, W.sub.2 is two heteroatoms linked together and attached to the aromatic ring at the 2 or 3 position, and wherein Q is a detectable moiety, preferably fluorescein or a fluorescein derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation of serum-human albumin having a colorimetry index lower than 0.2 resulting from the expression, in a eukaryotic or prokaryotic host, of an exogenous DNA sequence.

Abstract: An antibody solution containing (1) an antibody or a labelled antibody, (2) albumin, and (3) an azo dye containing naphthalenesulfonic acid in its structure and a method for stabilizing an antibody or a labelled antibody comprising adding albumin and an azo dye containing naphthalenesulfonic acid in its structure to a solution of an antibody or a labelled antibody are disclosed.

Abstract: A conjugate of an antiviral nucleoside with a lactosaminated human albumin (L-HSA) and its method of preparation is described. The method of preparation involves the reaction of an antiviral phosphorylated nucleoside in the form of an imidizolide with L-HSA at a pH above 7.5 and running the reaction until the desired molar ratio of drug to L-HSA is obtained.

Abstract: Serum albumin crystal forms have been produced which exhibit superior x-ray diffraction quality. The crystals are produced from both recombinant and wild-type human serum albumin, canine, and baboon serum albumin and allow the performance of drug-binding studies as well as genetic engineering studies. The crystals are grown from solutions of polyethylene glycol or ammonium sulphate within prescribed limits during growth times from one to several weeks and include the following space groups: P2.sub.1, C2, P1.

Abstract: This invention is related to an adhesive composition which may be used to bond or seal tissue in vivo. The adhesive composition is readily formed from a two component mixture which includes a first part of a protein, preferably a serum albumin protein, in an aqueous buffer having a pH in the range of about 8.0-11.0 and a second part of a water-compatible or water-soluble bifunctional crosslinking agent. When the two parts of the mixture are combined, the mixture is initially a liquid which cures in vivo on the surface of tissue in less than about one minute to give a strong, flexible, pliant substantive composition which bonds to the tissue and is absorbed in about four to sixty days. The adhesive composition may be used either to bond tissue, to seal tissue or to prevent tissue adhesions caused by surgery.

Abstract: Highly stable plasma-derived therapeutic albumin solutions, having a turbidity level of 5 NTU or less can be made by adding sodium caprylate to Cohn fraction II+III or IV-1 effluent at relatively low temperatures. The sodium caprylate acts as a partitioning agent to separate albumin from unwanted proteins. In preferred embodiments, the albumin source solution temperature is elevated, increased in pH and reacted for approximately six hours under conditions sufficient to disrupt the initial solution colloid, and partition albumin-containing supernatant from a colloidal disperse phase, which retains unwanted globulins and manufacturing debris. Since it tends to be a scavenger molecule, albumin is selectively stabilized by diafiltration against a buffer containing sodium caprylate, thereby assuring a high albumin monomer content and low turbidity level. The amount of sodium caprylate required for selective stabilization is determined by the amount of available binding sites on the albumin molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of (i) an amino acid bearing an .omega.-amino group or an .omega.--(C.dbd.O)-- group, (ii) an amino acid residue of a peptide, which residue bears an .omega.-amino group or an .omega.-(C.dbd.O)-- group, and (iii) an amino acid residue of a protein, which residue bears an .omega.-amino group or an .omega.-(C.dbd.O)-- group; wherein R.sub.1 is H, OH, NH.sub.2 or NHR.sub.4, where R.sub.4 is SO.sub.2 Ph, a linear or branched chain alkyl or acyl group, or an aryl group; wherein M is a saccharide wherein n is an integer from 0 to 18, and where n is greater than 1, each M is independently the same or different; wherein p is either 0 or 1; wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently the same or different and are H or OH, with the proviso that R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are not both OH, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a stabilized IL-1.alpha. medicinal composition comprising an IL-1.alpha. active substance, serum albumin and a saccharide. The medicinal composition of the invention has very desirable characteristics in terms of the stability of its active ingredient IL-1.alpha. active substance, rendering it stable throughout its processing into various dosage forms, such as freezing and freeze-drying, and for a long time after production under the usual storage conditions, thus being of great utility value in the relevant field.

Abstract: Human serum albumin obtained by gene manipulation techniques can be purified by a combination of specified steps in which a culture supernatant obtained from a human serum albumin-producing host is subjected to ultrafiltration, heat treatment, acid treatment and another ultrafiltration, followed by subsequent treatments with a cation exchanger, a hydrophobic chromatography carrier and an anion exchanger, and by salting-out to thereby obtain a pure form of human serum albumin which contains substantially no proteinous and polysaccharide contaminants, which is formulated into a pharmaceutical preparation. The thus obtained human serum albumin can further be purified by treating recombinant human serum albumin with a hydrophobic chromatography carrier at pH of 2 to 5 and a salt concentration of 0.4 to 1 and exposing the carrier to a pH of 6 to 8 and a salt concentration of 0.01 to 0.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of botulinum neurotoxin containing higher specific toxicity and increased stability at higher temperatures than currently available preparations.

Abstract: A method for preparing foreign protein in yeast using an expression recombinant DNA comprising DNA encoding the serum albumin signal peptide adjacent to DNA encoding the foreign protein is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel photo-activatable derivative of ryanodine 9-hydroxy-21-(4-azidobenzoyloxy)-9-epiryanodine. This novel ryanodine derivative has been conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and used for the production of antibodies with high affinity and specificity to ryanodine. A radioimmunoassay specific for ryanodine was developed using the anti-ryanodine antibodies, and a dissociation constant for ryanodine of 1 nM was determined. Also disclosed is the binding of a labeled, photoactivatable derivative of ryanodine (ABRy) with the ryanodine receptor of skeletal, cardiac and brain membranes. Digestion of the labeled ryanodine receptor revealed a labeled 76 kDa tryptic fragment which is critical for the formation of the high affinity ryanodine binding site.

Abstract: A method of producing denatured bovine serum albumin (BSA) milk products is disclosed which provides a container for containing the milk products and a source of heating the container for a period of time and within a certain temperature range sufficient for producing the denatured BSA milk products without substantially diminishing either the flavor or the nutritional value of the milk products. It appears that the consumption of denatured BSA milk products, as opposed to consumption of non-denatured BSA milk products, will tend to reduce the likelihood of a person acquiring Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), atherosclerotic vascular disease, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, pernicious anemia, and other human autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of the symptoms of fescue toxicosis in mammals comprising injecting a subject mammal with a vaccine which includes from about 5 .mu.g to about 1 mg of a protein-alkaloid conjugate per mL of a physiologically acceptable carrier. There is also provided a vaccine for the treatment of the symptoms of fescue toxicosis and a compound for preparing that vaccine.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound comprising a methyl ecgonine group chemically attached to a phenylphosphonic group which is an analog to an intermediate of the hydrolysis transition-state of a cocaine benzoyl ester group. This invention also provides such analogs linked to carrier proteins, and antibodies thereto.

Abstract: Human serum albumin obtained by gene manipulation techniques can be purified by a combination of specified steps in which a culture supernatant obtained from a human serum albumin-producing host is subjected to ultrafiltration, heat treatment, acid treatment and another ultrafiltration, followed by subsequent treatments with a cation exchanger, a hydrophobic chromatography carrier and an anion exchanger, and by salting-out to thereby obtain a pure form of human serum albumin which contains substantially no proteinous and polysaccharide contaminants, which is formulated into a pharmaceutical preparation. This process makes it possible to effeciently purify recombinant human serum albumin and to provide substantially pure human serum albumin which does not contain producer host-related substances and other contaminants and is sufficiently free from coloration.

Abstract: A method for making a valproic acid derivative comprising a functionalized spacer arm attached to a .delta. carbon atom of a valproic acid molecule is disclosed. The method proceeds by attaching a spacer arm joined to an inorganic moiety to a valproic acid precursor to make an alkylated compound, derivatizing the alkylated compound in a liquid medium to make the valproic acid derivative, and then separating the valproic acid derivative from the liquid medium. The valproic acid derivative can be used to make an immunoreactive valproic acid conjugate.

Abstract: A method for modulating the specific activitiy of a target protein which is being purified. A controller protein is added to the target protein prior to conducting a final purification step in a purification process.

Abstract: N-substituted azetidinones are a class of inhibitors of human leukocytes elastase which are known to be useful in the treatment of a wide variety of antiinflammatory and antidegenerative diseases. In inhibiting elastase, the therapeutic agents are shown to form a characteristic stable complex with the enzyme. In the assay disclosed herein, the inhibitor-enzyme complex is advantageously hydrolyzed and specific product(s) of the hydrolysis are measured. The assays are useful in a clinical setting, for determining appropriate dosage and assessing the effectiveness of treatment.

Abstract: Polymeric carriers are polypeptides comprising at least one drug-binding domain that non-covalently binds a drug. A polymeric carrier may be attached to an antibody specific for desired target cells to form immunoconjugates that deliver a drug to the target cells in vivo. A polymeric carrier may be attached to a proteinaceous or a non-proteinaceous ligand or anti-ligand to form a conjugate useful in pretargeting protocols to deliver a drug to target cells in vivo. The carriers are derived from drug-binding proteins and produced through peptide synthesis or recombinant DNA technology.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for purifying human von Willebrand factor from a cryoprecipitated plasma fraction, which comprises a combination of three chromatographic separation steps. The first chromatographic separation step comprises contacting a cryoprecipitated fraction with a large-pore vinyl polymer resin having DEAE group. The effluent from this separation step is again contacted with a large pore vinyl polymer resin having DEAE groups in the second chromatographic step. In the third chromatographic separation step, the effluent from the second step is subjected to affinity chromatography by contacting with gelatin-Sepharose. The concentrate obtained has very high specific activity and a high percentage of high molecular weight multimers. The concentrate is intended, in particular, for therapeutic use.