Abstract: A method of forming a polarizing material is provided including exposing a layer of dichroic material to activating light illumination to provide an ordered structure with a distinguished absorption axis and thus photo-induce polarization, and fixing the induced polarization by polymerization of the dichroic layer. Novel polarizing materials formed thereby are also provided. By selectively exposing regions of the dichroic material to differing activating radiation, different regions with different polarization axes can be created. The polarizing material can also be provided with a coating or coatings to alter the spectral responses, and a stack formed of a plurality if dichroic layers can be provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds suitable as modulators of protein misfolding and/or protein aggregation. The compounds are particularly suitable as inhibitors of amyloid aggregate formation and/or modulators of amyloid surface properties, and/or as activators of degradation or reduction of amyloid aggregates.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for identifying agents which modulate microRNA activity. The invention involves contacting a cell harboring a microRNA and a microRNA binding sequence, which is operably linked to a nucleic acid molecule encoding a reporter protein, with a test agent and determining whether the test agent increases or decreases the expression of the reporter protein thereby identifying a microRNA modulator. Antagonists identified by this screening assay are provided, as are methods for using the same to inhibit microRNA activity and prevent or treat disease.

Abstract: A method of forming a polarizing material is provided including exposing a layer of dichroic material to activating light illumination to provide an ordered structure with a distinguished absorption axis and thus photo-induce polarization, and fixing the induced polarization by polymerization of the dichroic layer. Novel polarizing materials formed thereby are also provided. By selectively exposing regions of the dichroic material to differing activating radiation, different regions with different polarization axes can be created. The polarizing material can also be provided with a coating or coatings to alter the spectral responses, and a stack formed of a plurality if dichroic layers can be provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting a primer extension product in a reaction mixture. In the subject methods, a primer extension reaction is conducted in the presence of a polymerase having 3??5? exonuclease activity and at least one FET labeled oligonucleotide probe that includes a 3??5? exonuclease resistant quencher domain. Also provided are systems and kits for practicing the subject methods. The subject invention finds use in a variety of different applications, and are particularly suited for use in high fidelity PCR based reactions, including SNP detection applications, allelic variation detection applications, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for identifying agents which modulate microRNA activity. The invention involves contacting a cell harboring a microRNA and a microRNA binding sequence, which is operably linked to a nucleic acid molecule encoding a reporter protein, with a test agent and determining whether the test agent increases or decreases the expression of the reporter protein thereby identifying a microRNA modulator. Antagonists identified by this screening assay are provided, as are methods for using the same to inhibit microRNA activity and prevent or treat disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical preparations and the uses thereof for preventing and/or treating seizures and other electroconvulsive disorders by administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a therapeutic compound having the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to photolabile protective groups for synthesizing biopolymers, in particular nucleic acids.

Abstract: Colorless markers for petroleum products and methods and composition for detecting them.

Abstract: Compounds known as "solid dispersed dyes" are synthesized in a two-phase system from which they disproportionate into a water-immiscible solvent phase, providing marker solutions. Marker solution is added to a petroleum fuel to introduce the compound thereto in dissolved form. Subsequently, extraction of the compound with acidic aqueous solution produces a chromophoric reaction which indicates presence of the compound in the petroleum fuel.

Abstract: Organosilicon polymers, including crosslinked polymers and crosslinkable prepolymers, of cyclic polysiloxane, organic dyes, and, optionally, polyenes. The dyes include those with delocalized Pi electron systems linking electron donor groups and electron acceptor groups, and with at least two carbon-carbon double bond-containing pendant groups attached to at least two different sites from among the indicated delocalized Pi electron systems, donor groups, and acceptor groups.

Abstract: Mixtures of dyestuffs of the formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## which are outstanding substitute products for the anthraquinone dyestuff Disperse Blue 56, have been found.

Abstract: New chromoionophores of the formula IV ##STR1## wherein a=0-3, b=0 or 1, c =0 or 1, x=0 or 1, y=0 or 1, z=0 or 1,R', which may be the same or different in each aryl group, is H, halogen, hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof;R, which may be the same or different, is hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, or a substituted derivative thereofare useful in optical sensors or colourmetric reagents for clinical use particularly for lithium, When complexed with lithium, the chromoionophores of the invention and other calixarene derivatives can be used for detecting amines, particularly trimethylamine, as an indicator of fish spoilage.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted aromatic azo compounds is provided which comprises contacting a nucleophilic compound and an azo containing compound in the presence of a suitable solvent system, and reacting the nucleophilic compound and the azo containing compound in the presence of a suitable base and a controlled amount of protic material at a temperature of about 10.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. in a confined reaction zone wherein the molar ratio of protic material to base is 0:1 to about 5:1.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is C.sub.1-6 alkylene, D is a diazo component radical of the triazolyl, pyrazolyl, cyano(C.sub.1-4 alkyl)-imidazolyl, 4-chlorothiazolyl, 4-chlorotheinyl-2, 3-phenyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolyl-5, isothiazolyl-5, benzoisothiazolyl-3 or 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-5 series or the phenyl series wherein the phenyl group is free of sulfonyl groups and may be substituted, by a maximum of 3 substituents 5-nitrothiazolyl-2, ##STR2## R.sub.1a is phenyl or phenyl substituted by 1 to 4 substituents each of which is independently halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, nitro, formyl, cyano, --SCN, (C.sub.1-4 alkyl)carbonyl, (C.sub.1-4 alkyl)carbonylamino, (C.sub.1-4 alkoxy)carbonyl, (C.sub.1-4 alkyl)carbonyloxy, carbamoyl, (C.sub.1-2 alkoxy)(C.sub.2-3 alkoxy)carbonyl or phenyl, andR.sub.2 -R.sub.4 and R.sub.10 -R.sub.

Abstract: Novel polymerizable yellow dyes are disclosed. Additionally, novel and known dyes are used to block or lower the intensity of blue light transmitted through ocular lenses and other windows.

Abstract: Dye-donor element for use according to thermal dye sublimation transfer comprising a support having thereon a dye layer containing a bis(N,N-dialkyl(ene) or N,N-diaryl or N-alkyl(ene),N-aryl)aniline azo dye.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted aromatic amines is provided which comprises contacting a nucleophilic compound and an azo containing compound in the presence of a suitable solvent system, reacting the nucleophilic compound and the azo containing compound in the presence of a suitable base and a controlled amount of protic material at a temperature of about 10.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. in a confined reaction zone wherein the molar ratio of protic material to base is 0:1 to about 5:1 and reducing the product of the reaction of the nucleophilic compound and the azo containing compound under conditions which produce the substituted aromatic amine. In another embodiment, the substituted aromatic amines of the invention are reductively alkylated to produce alkylated diamines or substituted derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The monoazo compound represented by formula I is excellent in compatibility with, solubility in, and coloring power for, almost all water-immiscible organic liquids, has a low melting point, and is suitable for use to color molten plastics, synthetic fiber spinning solutions, etc., and to color thermal transfer ink. ##STR1## wherein R represents sec-butyl; Cp represents a coupling component residue.The dense solution of at least one kind of said monoazo compound in a hydrocarbon solvent diffuses and dissolves quickly and uniformly in coloring subjects such as petroleum products, and is capable of coloring fuel oil etc. to a desired distinguishable color density with small amounts.

Abstract: A disperse dye mixture comprising from 20 to 80% by weight of a red disperse dye of the following formula (A) and from 20 to 80% by weight of a red disperse dye of the following formula (B): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 or --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCOCH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCOCH.sub.3 or --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 CN, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or --CH.sub.3.

Abstract: Acetalized azo dyes are prepared by diazotizing an amine, coupling with a hydroxyalkyl-containing coupling component and subsequently reacting with a vinyl ether in a process which comprises carrying out the coupling reaction in a two-phase reaction mixture comprising water and an aromatic hydrocarbon, subsequently separating off the aqueous phase and reacting the azo dye, which is present in the organic phase, without intermediate isolation, with a vinyl ether in the presence of a polybasic carboxylic acid as catalyst.

Abstract: The monoazo dye of the formula ##STR1## is highly suitable for dyeing and printing hydrophobic fibres.

Abstract: A monoazo compound of the formula, ##STR1## wherein D is a heterocyclic or carbocyclic compound residue such as benzothiazolyl and phenyl, X is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogeno, acylamino or the like, Y is hydrogen, halogeno, alkyl, alkoxy and the like, R.sub.1 is alkyl, R.sub.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene, B is a bridging group such as ##STR2## --O--, --S--, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene and the like, and W.sub.1, W.sub.2, W.sub.3, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, halogeno or the like, which is useful for dyeing hydrophobic fiber materials to give dyed or printed product of a deep color excellent in fastness properties, particularly those such as washing fastness, even after various finishing treatments of the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.12 -C.sub.30 alkyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, R.sup.4 may have one of the meanings of R.sup.3 or is halogen, k and n are each independently of the other 0, 1 or 2, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, any of which alkyl groups as defined herein may also be partly fluorinated or perfluorinated, with the proviso that R.sup.1 is alkyl of not less than 18 carbon atoms if R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl of less than 12 carbon atoms.From these compounds it is possible to prepare molecular aggregates, especially LB layer systems, which have reversible thermochromic and solvatochromic properties. The invention also relates to intermediates of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and n are as defined above.

Abstract: The dyes according to the invention consist of a chromophore and a radical which, on heating, forms an isocyanate or isothiocyanate group. The latter reacts with a suitable group in the environment. Dyeings of excellent thermomigration fastness are obtained. The disclosed dyes are of the formulae ##STR1## where F is the radical of an azo, anthraquinone or tricyanovinyl dye which is free of water-solubilizing groups,B and B' are each independently of the other a direct bond or a bridge member, selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain or branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 C atoms or one of the following groups ##STR2## where R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, n is an integer from 1 to 8 and m is an integer from 2 to 4,Z is O or S,V is a group which at a temperature between 180.degree. and 240.degree. C. is eliminated as a radical HV, andV' is a direct bond which is cleaved at a temperature between 180.degree. and 240.degree. C.

Abstract: Mixtures of monoazo dyes suitable for dyeing and printing hydrophobic fiber materials and mixtures thereof with natural fibers contain one or more dyes of the formula I ##STR1## and one or more dyes of the formula II ##STR2## in which Hal denotes bromo or chloro; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, denote methyl or ethyl; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently of one another, denote linear alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkenyl having 3 or 4 carbon atoms; and R denotes methyl, acetylamino, propionylamino, i-butyrylamino, or n-butyrylamino.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.12 -C.sub.30 alkyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 14 Calkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, R.sup.4 may have one of the meanings of R.sup.3 or is halogen, k and n are each independently of the other 0, 1 or 2, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, any of which alkyl groups as defined herein may also be partly fluorinated or perfluorinated, with the proviso that R.sup.1 is alkyl of not less than 18 carbon atoms if R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl of less than 12 carbon atoms.From these compounds it is possible to prepare molecular aggregates, especially LB layer systems, which have reversible thermochromic and solvatochromic properties. The invention also relates to intermediates of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and n are as defined above.

Abstract: Disperse dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which X is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen, Y is hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkenyl or phenyl, or Y and R, together with the nitrogen atom and the two C atoms linking them, form a 5- or 6-ring, B is a straight-chain or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene radical, Z is a bridge member of the formula ##STR2## or a direct bond and A is a radical of the formula ##STR3## which radicals are unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, halogen or nitro are suitable in particular for dyeing textile material made of polyester fibers.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a substituent independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, chloro or fluoro; n is an integer independently selected from 0 to 2; and X is a halogen selected from the group consisting of chloro and fluoro.Compounds of this invention are useful as intermediates in the preparation of the corresponding diamine compounds resulting from the reductive cleavage of the azo linkage. They may also be used to prepare dyestuffs and photosensitive materials.

Abstract: Dye mixtures contain an oil-soluble dye and a dye of the formula ##STR1## where D is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by methyl or methoxy, R is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sup.2 is C.sub.3 - or C.sub.4 -alkyl.The mixtures according to the invention are preferably used for coloring and marking mineral oil products.

Abstract: Disazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## and salt thereof, D is the radical of a diazo component of the benzene or naphthalene series.K is the radical of a heterocyclic coupling component of the aminopyrazole-, pyridone- or barbituric acid-series, n is 1 to 4,R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl,each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, --NHCO--Rhd 5, amino, substituted amino or a quaternary ammonium group, wherein R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or amino,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: Azo disperse dyestuffs are prepared by diazotization and coupling in an aqueous phase, the coupling being carried out in the presence of an ester of a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A halftone gravure printing ink(A) about 2 to about 20% by weight of colorant,(B) about 10 to about 40% by weight of resin and(C) about 80 to about 50% by weight of solventwherein said colorant comprises azo dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in which A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 denote hydrogen, halogen, --CN, --NO.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkoxy, optionally substituted phenoxy, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkylsulphonyl, optionally substituted phenylsulphonyl, optionally substituted sulphamoyl, optionally substituted carbamoyl, optionally substituted phenylazo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkoxycarbonyl, --CF.sub.3, --SCN, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylmercapto, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted phenylcarbonyl or --OH,A.sub.4 and A.sub.5 denote hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, --NH--CO--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OA.sub.8, --NH--CO--A.sub.8, --NH--SO.sub.2 --A.sub.

Abstract: 4-Alkyl-2-trifluoromethylanilines, in particular the 4-isopropyl derivative, are starting materials for preparing valuable azo dyestuffs. While the nonionic dyestuff types can preferably be used in transfer printing synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, the sulpho-containing dyestuffs--in particular those based on "gamma acid"--are suitable for dyeing polyamides.

Abstract: Monoazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which one of the two substituents R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 or both substituents are C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or a group of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently of each other hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sub.5 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and the other of the two substitutents R.sub.1 or R.sub.2, when the two are not C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or a group of the formula (1a), is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, and KK is the radical of a coupling component which is free of water-solubilizing groups the two described. These compounds can be used as dyes for dyeing or printing for example polyester fibre materials.

Abstract: A brown reactive dye represented by a free acid of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, X is --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl, --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OSO.sub.3 H or --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, rings A, B and C are each a benzene or naphthalene ring which may have other substituent, m is 0 to 3 and n is 0 to 1.This dye is suitable for dyeing cellulose fibers brown to afford dyeings superior in fastnesses, acid stability, build-up property and level dyeing property.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is nitro or cyano;R.sub.2 is cyano or halo;R.sub.3 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sub.4 is methyl or ethyl;R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-8 alkyl; andR.sub.6 is --CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.a R.sub.7, --CH.sub.2 CHOHC.sub.6 H.sub.5, --CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)CH.sub.2 OH; --(CH.sub.2).sub.n O--CO--NHR.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.4)--O--CO--NHR.sub.3 ; --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--CO--R.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.4)--O--CO--R.sub.3 or C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl, with the provisos that R.sub.6 may be any of the last three groups only when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both cyano and that R.sub.6 may be C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl also when R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-2 alkyl,whereinR.sub.7 is phenyl; phenyl substituted by 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from hydroxy, chloro, bromo, methyl and C.sub.1-4 alkoxy; benzyl; benzyl substituted by 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from hydroxy, chloro, bromo, methyl and C.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to azo dyes which may be unsubstituted or substituted with a variety of groups known to the dye art, and containing a diazonium moieties from an aniline type compound and certain coupler moieties from aniline, tetrahydroquinoline, or benzomorpholine compounds, wherein the diazonium moiety has one or two cinnamoyl substituents, and wherein one or more water-solubilizing groups such as a sulfonic acid group or its metal or amine salt may be present as a substituent in the dye molecule for acid dyeing. These dyes are particularly useful in dyeing one or more of polyamide cellulose acetate polyester, wool and other fibers.

Abstract: Water-soluble triazine compounds which, in their betaine form correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen or alkyl,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another denote hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl,X denotes halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, aryl or an optionally monosubstituted or disubstituted amino group, the substituents of which can be involved--optionally via a hetero-atom--in cyclization, andY denotes hydrogen or the radical of an azo dyestuff,and whereinthe cyclic and acyclic radicals can carry further substituents,are used--when Y represents the radical of an azo dyestuff--for dyeing synthetic and natural materials, in particular paper, and--when Y represents hydrogen--for the preparation of azo dyestuffs.