Abstract: Activated carbon, e.g., from waste tires, modified by bimetallic Fe and Ce nanoparticles can provide high surface area and active sites for enhanced dye adsorption. Such nanocomposites can offer magnetic removal from aqueous solutions containing, e.g., Methylene Blue or Rhodamine B. Adsorption equilibrium data fit well to the Langmuir isotherm model, with an adsorption capacity was 324.6 mg/g. Rhodamine B adsorption by such activated carbon-Fe—Ce magnetic adsorbents has an endothermic character and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In ethanol solution, rhodamine B was desorbed at high efficiency and such materials, which could be recycled up to 5 cycles. Such magnetic nanocomposites are adsorbents for treating dyes such as rhodamine B in wastewater, even in large scale adsorption systems. Polyamides can be grafted to such nanocomposites.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed herein comprising one or more crosslinked dextrans or crosslinked dextran-poly alpha-1,3-glucan graft copolymers. Further disclosed are processes for preparing such crosslinked materials, as well as their use in absorption applications.

Abstract: Compositions comprising oxidized dextran compounds are disclosed herein. Oxidized dextran compounds are produced by contacting dextran under aqueous conditions with at least one N-oxoammonium salt, at least one periodate compound, and/or at least one peroxide compound.

Abstract: In one aspect, compositions comprising a population of core-shell nanoparticles are described herein. In some cases, the population of core-shell nanoparticles comprises a core component and a shell component encapsulating or surrounding the core component. Additionally, one or more radiosensitizers are disposed in or dispersed throughout the core component, or an interior region of the core component. Similarly, one or more chemotherapeutic agents are disposed in or dispersed throughout the shell component, or an interior region of the shell component. Moreover, in some cases, the core component is formed from one or more biodegradable polymers. Further, in some instances, the shell component is formed from one or more stimuli responsive polymers, such as a temperature-responsive polymer and/or pH-responsive polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are photonic particles and methods of using particles in biological samples. The particles are configured to emit laser light when energetically stimulated by, e.g., a pump source. The particles may include a gain medium with inorganic materials, an optical cavity with high refractive index, and a coating with organic materials. The particles may be smaller than 3 microns along their longest axes. The particles may attach to each other to form, e.g., doublets and triplets. The particles may be injection-locked by coupling an injection beam into a particle while pumping so that an injection seed is amplified to develop into laser oscillation. A microscopy system may include a pump source, beam scanner, spectrometer with resolution of less than 1 nanometer and acquisition rate of more than 1 kilohertz, and spectral analyzer configured to distinguish spectral peaks of laser output from broadband background.

Abstract: The invention relates to an iron oligosaccharide compound with improved stability comprising a hydrogenated oligosaccharide in stable association with ferric oxyhydroxide, the content of dimes saccharide in said hydrogenated oligosaccharide being 2.9% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the hydrogenated oligosaccharide. In further aspects is provided a process for preparing said compound as well as the use of said compound for preparation of a composition for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a material comprising a functionalized solid support surface, wherein the functionalization comprises a thioalkylene linker bound to the support surface and the thioalkylene linker is coupled to a moiety derived from a ligand, wherein the ligand includes a terminal alkenyl and at least one first functional group configured to bind to at least one predetermined target species.

Abstract: Disclosed are hydrogels polymerized with a biofunctional moiety, biodegradable and permanent, designed to be implantable in a mammalian body and intended to block or mitigate the formation of tissue adhesions. The hydrogels of the present invention are characterized by comprising four structural elements: a) a polymeric backbone which defines the overall polymeric morphology, b) linkage groups, c) side chains, and d) biofunctional end groups. The hydrophobicity of the various structural elements are chosen to reduce tissue adhesion and enhance the biofunctional aspect of the end groups. The morphology of these polymers are typically of high molecular weight and have shape to encourage entanglement. Useful structures include branching chains, comb or brush, and dendritic morphologies.

Abstract: It is intended to provide an antitumor drug having an excellent therapeutic effect, which is excellent in terms of antitumor effect and safety. There is provided an antibody-drug conjugate in which an antitumor compound represented by the following formula is conjugated to an anti-TROP2 antibody via a linker having a structure represented by the following formula: -L1-L2-LP-NH—(CH2)n1-La-(CH2)n2-C(?O)— wherein the anti-TROP2 antibody is connected to the terminal of L1, and the antitumor compound is connected to the carbonyl group of the —(CH2)n2-C(?O)— moiety with the nitrogen atom of the amino group at position 1 as a connecting position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a porous scaffold for tissue engineering. It is another object of the present invention to provide a porous scaffold obtainable by the method as above described, and its use for tissue engineering, cell culture and cell delivery. The method of the invention comprise the steps consisting of a) preparing an alkaline aqueous solution comprising an amount of at least one polysaccharide and one cross-linking agent b) freezing the aqueous solution of step a) c) sublimating the frozen solution of step b). characterized in that step b) is performed before the cross-linking of the polysaccharide occurs in the solution of step a).

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided for forming an embolus within a region of an anatomical lumen for a transitory period in order to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a hyaluronic acid derivative having a crosslinking group(s) and a hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative having a hydrophobic group(s), wherein the hyaluronic acid derivative having a crosslinking group(s) is prepared by crosslinkage formation reaction in hyaluronic acid or a derivative thereof having a crosslinkable group(s) in the presence of the hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative wherein the hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative may have a crosslinkable group(s).

Abstract: A polymeric composition capable of releasing nitric oxide and modulating biological responses comprises a biocompatible polymer and S-nitrosated thiol bonded to the biocompatible polymer. The polymeric composition can have a thiol conversion of at least 40%. The polymeric composition can also have a nitric oxide recovery of at least 40% when under thermal decomposition conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an iron oligosaccharide compound with improved stability comprising a hydrogenated oligosaccharide in stable association with ferric oxyhydroxide, the content of dimer saccharide in said hydrogenated oligosaccharide being 2.9% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the hydrogenated oligosaccharide. In further aspects is provided a process for preparing said compound as well as the use of said compound for preparation of a composition for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia.

Abstract: The present invention refers to use of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivate thereof, for manufacturing of a medicament for treatment of Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction (IBMIR). In addition, the invention refers to the use of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivate thereof, for manufacturing of a medicament for treatment of morphological disruption of cell transplants and graft-rejection of cell transplants caused by IBMIR. The invention may be applied to patients suffering from type I diabetes, in which porcine islets of Langerhans are transplanted in their portal vein. Administration of dextran sulfate according to the invention inhibits and prevents rejection and destruction of the transplanted islets and makes normoglycemia in the patients possible.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction (IBMIR) in a patient, comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of inhibiting morphological disruption of a transplanted cell transplant in a patient comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a patient. The dextran sulfate, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, has an average molecular weight of less than 20,000 Da and an average sulphur content in a range of 10 to 25%, and the inhibition comprises administering said therapeutically effective amount of said dextran sulfate, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, resulting in a concentration of said dextran sulfate, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the blood of said patient of less than 5 mg/ml.

Abstract: Formulations have been developed for pulmonary delivery to treat or reduce the infectivity of diseases such as vital infections, especially tuberculosis, SARS, influenza and respiratory synticial virus in humans and hoof and mouth disease in animals. Formulations for pulmonary administration include a material that significantly alters physical properties such as surface tension and surface elasticity of lung mucus lining fluid, which may be a surfactant and, optionally, a carrier. The formulation may be administered as a powder where the particles consist basically of the material altering surface tension. The carrier may be a solution, such as an alcohol, although an aqueous solution may be utilized, or a material mixed with the material altering surface tension to form particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an iron oligosaccharide compound with improved stability comprising a hydrogenated oligosaccharide in stable association with ferric oxyhydroxide, the content of dimer saccharide in said hydrogenated oligosaccharide being 2.9% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the hydrogenated oligosaccharide. In further aspects is provided a process for preparing said compound as well as the use of said compound for preparation of a composition for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a nano-sized vehicle (e.g., a nanogel comprising nanoparticles) is provided herein for drug delivery with tunable biodistribution, low toxicity, and degradability, and with demonstrated targeting to bone. The composition is useful, for example, in the treatment of bone disease, particularly bone metastases from cancers such as breast, prostate, or lung cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which are capable of exerting an inhibitory effect on the Na+ glucose cotransporter SGLT in order to hinder glucose and galactose absorption, as well as on lipase thus reducing dietary triglyceride metabolism, for use in the treatment of conditions which benefit therefrom (diabetes. Metabolic Syndrome, obesity, prevention of weight gain or aiding weight loss). These compounds comprise a non-absorbable, non-digestible polymer having a glucopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl or equivalent moiety stably and covalently linked thereto, said glucopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl moiety being able to occupy the glucose-binding pocket of a SGLT transporter.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of trivalent iron complexes with mono-, di- and polysaccharide sugars, consisting of the activation of the sugar by oxidation with nascent bromine generated in situ by reaction between an alkaline or alkaline earth bromine and an alkaline hypochlorite, the complexation of the activated sugar in solution with a ferric salt dissolved in an aqueous solution, the purification of the resulting solution through ultrafiltration and finally the stabilization of the trivalent iron-sugar complex by heating at a temperature between 60° C. and 100° C. for a period between 1 and 4 hours at a pH between 9.0 and 11.0.

Abstract: Cationic dextran polymer derivatives including an ester-linked amine-containing substituent and an alkyl ester substituent and methods for making such dextran polymer derivatives are disclosed.

Abstract: Microbiological method of production of a dextran solution, according to which a culture medium containing sucrose is inoculated with a preculture of a bacterial strain that is able to produce dextran, then the dextran solution obtained at the end of fermentation is recovered directly, without a subsequent concentration step, characterized in that:—before inoculation, the culture medium contains at least 10 wt. % of sucrose,—after inoculation, sucrose is added again in conditions such that the total amount of sucrose in the medium, including that present before inoculation, is at least 16 wt. %,—the dextran solution obtained contains at least 10 wt. % of dextran. The native solution of dextran obtained and use of the solution as a flocculant.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting cellular proliferation of fibroblasts and/or glioma cells in a mammal includes administering a composition to a mammal wherein the composition includes an amount of an anionic polymer and an anti-platelet agent effective to inhibit cellular proliferation of fibroblasts and gliomas in the mammal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified separating material having improved properties, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof for the separation of charged biopolymers from liquids.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided for forming an embolus within a region of an anatomical lumen for a transitory period in order to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Abstract: The present invention refers to use of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivate thereof, for manufacturing of a medicament for treatment of Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction (IBMIR). In addition, the invention refers to the use of dextran sulfate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivate thereof, for manufacturing of a medicament for treatment of morphological disruption of cell transplants and graft-rejection of cell transplants caused by IBMIR. The invention may be applied to patients suffering from type I diabetes, in which porcine islets of Langerhans are transplanted in their portal vein. Administration of dextran sulfate according to the invention inhibits and prevents rejection and destruction of the transplanted islets and makes normoglycemia in the patients possible.

Abstract: Chemically reactive dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked with a water-soluble bridge, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. Reactive fluorescent dyes that have a water-soluble bridge are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally non-crosslinked dyes or the dyes that are crosslinked with a hydrophobic bridge. The invention includes reactive fluorescent dyes, their biological conjugates and uses.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a nanoparticle delivery system. The nanoparticles are formed from amphiphilic block copolymers comprising polylactide and dextran. The dextran may be conjugated to a targeting moiety in such a manner that the surface of the nanoparticle is coated with the targeting moiety. The size and targeting of the nanoparticles can be tuned by controlling surface density of the targeting moiety. The present disclosure also relates to polymers and macromolecules useful in the preparation of the mucoadhesive nanoparticles, as well as compositions, methods, commercial packages, kits and uses related thereto.

Abstract: A method for making aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharides having pendant aldehyde groups is described. The method involves the hydroformylation of an alkene-functionalized polysaccharide. The resulting aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharides are useful for forming hydrogel tissue adhesives and sealants for medical applications.

Abstract: Novel aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharide compositions containing pendant dialdehyde groups are described that are more stable in aqueous solution than oxidized polysaccharides. The aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharides may be reacted with various amine-containing polymers to form hydrogel tissue adhesives and sealants that may be useful for medical applications such as wound closure, supplementing or replacing sutures or staples in internal surgical procedures such as intestinal anastomosis and vascular anastomosis, tissue repair, preventing leakage of fluids such as blood, bile, gastrointestinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, ophthalmic procedures, drug delivery, and preventing post-surgical adhesions.

Abstract: Novel aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharide compositions are described that are more stable in aqueous solution than oxidized polysaccharides or other types of polysaccharides containing pendant aldehyde groups. The aldehyde-functionalized polysaccharides may be reacted with various amine-containing polymers to form hydrogel tissue adhesives and sealants that may be useful for medical applications such as wound closure, supplementing or replacing sutures or staples in internal surgical procedures such as intestinal anastomosis and vascular anastomosis, tissue repair, preventing leakage of fluids such as blood, bile, gastrointestinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, ophthalmic procedures, drug delivery, and preventing post-surgical adhesions.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to multifunctional polymeric linkers capable of linking a plurality of biologically active compounds. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of such multifunctional linkers that can effectively present two or more ligands simultaneously to two or more biological targets.

Abstract: A method for making functionalized porous crosslinked polysaccharide gel coated structures used as liquid chromatography media is provided. The method includes impregnating a porous substrate with a room temperature stable aqueous polysaccharide solution containing water, 0.1% to 20% of a polysaccharide, 18% to 54% of a gel-inhibiting agent to prevent the gel from re-gelling, and 0.001% to 10% of an anionic fluorosurfactant for optimum solution coatability onto the substrate, each concentration is by total weight of the aqueous solution. Next water is evaporated from the coating, followed by exposing the dehydrated coating to a gelling agent thereby forming a porous polysaccharide gel coated substrate. Next the gel coated substrate is exposed to a crosslinking agent forming a porous crosslinked polysaccharide gel coated substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mammalian stem cell suspension containing mammalian stem cells and at least one polysaccharide such as trehalose, and the like; a mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor containing polysaccharide such as trehalose, and the like; a method of suppressing aggregation of mammalian stem cells, containing suspending the mammalian stem cells in an aqueous physiological solution containing polysaccharide; an inhibitor of a decrease in the survival rate of mammalian stem cells containing polysaccharide such as trehalose and the like; a method of suppressing a decrease in the survival rate of mammalian stem cells, containing suspending the mammalian stem cells in an aqueous physiological solution containing polysaccharides, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to polysaccharides grafted with a unit including a carbon-carbon double bond, to polysaccharides grafted with a unit including a carbon-carbon double bond functionalized by a thioether unit, to the methods for preparing said compounds, to the compositions including such compounds and to the materials including such materials or compositions.

Abstract: Dextran for preparing medicine for anti-lung cancer, has repeated structure unit and molecular weight of 1.5-2.5 million Daltons. The dextran is extracted from land slug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which are capable of exerting an inhibitory effect on the Na+ glucose cotransporter SGLT in order to hinder glucose and galactose absorption, as well as on lipase thus reducing dietary triglyceride metabolism, for use in the treatment of conditions which benefit therefrom (diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, obesity, prevention of weight gain or aiding weight loss). These compounds comprise a non-absorbable, non-digestible polymer having a glucopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl or equivalent moiety stably and covalently linked thereto, said glucopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl moiety being able to occupy the glucose-binding pocket of a SGLT transporter.

Abstract: Described herein are inventive compositions and methods relating to polymer conjugates and, in particular, to polymer conjugates having pendant side groups comprising ring moieties. In one aspect, embodiments are generally related to compositions that mimic naturally-occurring polyphenol compounds. The compositions comprise, in some embodiments, a polymer backbone having a plurality of hydroxyaromatic pendant side groups or derivatives thereof. For example, in some cases, a pendant side group may be a phenol or a substituted derivative thereof. In some cases, the pendant side group may be an oxidized hydroxyaromatic group, such as a quinone. In some embodiments, self-assembled structures comprising one or more of the polymer conjugates are provided. For example, the polymer conjugates may be combined with a complexing agent to form a particle. In some cases, a polymer conjugate may form a hydrogel.

Abstract: Tissue adhesives formed by reacting an oxidized polysaccharide with a water-dispersible multi-arm polyether amine, wherein at least three of the arms are terminated by primary amine groups, are disclosed. The use of the tissue adhesives for medical and veterinary applications such as topical wound closure; and surgical procedures, such as intestinal anastomosis, vascular anastomosis, tissue repair, and ophthalmic procedures; drug delivery; anti-adhesive applications; and as a bulking agent to treat urinary incontinence are described.

Abstract: The present inventions relates to beads as biocompatible material adapted for use within the human or animal body. Said beads are highly useful for tissue engineering, in situ tissue regeneration, as well as for drug and/or cells delivery. In addition, said beads may support biotechnological applications such as cell carriers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel method for increasing the production of acetate, decreasing the production of butyrate, increasing the population and species of beneficial bacteria and slowing the rate of fermentation of prebiotics within the gut of a formula-fed infant. The method comprises administration of a therapeutically effective amount of PDX to the infant.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods and compositions for delivery of therapeutic agents to target cells, tissues or organisms. In preferred embodiments, the therapeutic agents are delivered in the form of therapeutic-loaded polymers that may comprise many copies of one or more therapeutic agents. In more preferred embodiments, the polymer may be conjugated to a peptide moiety that contains one or more haptens, such as HSG. The agent-polymer-peptide complex may be delivered to target cells by, for example, a pre-targeting technique utilizing bispecific or multispecific antibodies or fragments, having at least one binding arm that recognizes the hapten and at least a second binding arm that binds specifically to a disease or pathogen associated antigen, such as a tumor associated antigen. Methods for synthesizing and using such therapeutic-loaded polymers and their conjugates are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polydextrose by using a microdevice. It further relates to the use of a microdevice for the polycondesation reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oligodextran, chosen from dextrans whose average degree of polymerization is less than 10, modified by at least one substituent of general formula I: —R1-[[AA]-[R2]n]m??formula I It also relates to a pharmaceutical composition characterized in that it comprises an oligosaccharide according to the invention and an active ingredient is chosen from the group consisting of proteins, glycoproteins, peptides and non-peptide therapeutic molecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant process for the production of truncated or mutated dextransucrases while conserving the enzymatic activity or their specificity in the synthesis of the ?-1,6 bonds. The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences of truncated or mutated dextransucrases, vectors containing the nucleic acid sequences and host cells transformed by sequences encoding truncated or mutated dextransucrases. In another aspect, the invention concerns a method for producing, in a recombinant manner, truncated or mutated dextransucrases which conserve their enzymatic activity or which conserve their specificity in the synthesis of ?-1,6 bonds and can produce, from saccharose, dextrans with high molar mass and modified rheological properties compared with the properties of dextran obtained with the native enzyme and isomalto-oligosaccharides with a controlled molar mass and dextrans.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) is disclosed: wherein definitions of R1, R2, and R3 are the same as those defined in the specification. The compound of formula (I) can emit light via an intramolecular interaction of an imino group and an electron-donatable moiety contained in the compound. A photoluminescent organic composition is also disclosed, which includes a compound represented by formula (II) in the presence of an electron-donatable compound, wherein definitions of R4, R5, and R6 are the same as those defined in the specification. The photoluminescent organic composition can emit light via an intermolecular interaction of an imino group contained in the compound of formula (II) and an electron-donatable moiety contained in the electron-donatable compound.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel compounds and methods for capping reactive groups on support and during multistep synthesis. These new capping reagents are also useful for high quality synthesis on solid supports and surfaces used as microarrays, biosensors, or in general as biochips. The compounds are also useful for controlling surface density of reactive groups on a support. The compounds may also be used to modify the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of a surface or a molecule. The compounds have functional utility in various applications in the fields of genomics, proteomics, diagnostics and medicine.

Abstract: We describe methods that allow either carbodiimides or other carboxyl-reactive substances to be mixed with solutions of carboxylic acids or phosphates or amines or combinations thereof, so as to form a homogeneous mixture which is then dried, preferably in a freeze drying process. The mixture is then contacted with an entity, which preferably involves the dissolution of the mixture with a buffered solution of the entity, so as to initiate a conjugation reaction between the entity and a component in the mixture.

Abstract: There is a constant need for increased sensitivity of antibody-based assays as well as a need for high affinity antibodies. Higher affinity molecules such as antibodies increase the specificity and sensitivity of assays. Both increased sensitivity and higher affinity can be achieved when multiple copies of a binding molecule are coupled to a flexible backbone. According to one embodiment of the invention, multiple copies of a detection molecule, such as, for example, an antibody or antibody fragment, are covalently linked to a high molecular weight water soluble polymer creates multivalent antibody constructs. The affinity or avidity increases markedly as multivalency increases and also, multiple copies of a signal molecule can be similarly added to the polymer. Thus, the construct comprises multiple copies of detection and signal molecules on a high molecular weight, water soluble, flexible polymer.