Abstract: The present invention provides a polysaccharide supported fluorinating agents which can be used in fluorination reactions. The invention particularly describes a new bacterial cellulose supported tetra-n-butyl ammonium fluoride complex [NBu4(Bac-Cell-OH)F] which is stable and non-hygroscopic. The invention further relates to a process for fluorination using the [NBu4(Bac-Cell-OH)F] complex.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to co-therapy and methods for the treatment and prevention of glucose-related disorders such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Syndrome X. The present invention is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions for the co-therapy and methods described herein.

Abstract: A complex of beta-cyclodextrin and graphene (CD-G) and a method of use of the complex in corrosion protection of the metal surfaces exposed to high saline concentrations. Composite laminates comprise CD-G, zinc (optionally magnesium) powder embedded in a resin matrix and adjacent to the metal, followed by polyurethane comprising a polymeric zinc chelator, followed by a hermetic sealant layer and finally by a hydrophobic self-cleaning fouling release layer as a topcoat. Optional managed stress of the laminated layers by temperature swings and mechanical vibration ensures resolution of local strain at the formative stage and not during functioning, producing defects that are healed during deposition of the next layer. More than 99% of the zinc and other toxic ions extracted from the metal and coating are intercepted by the selective chelator layer insulated under the sealer and fouling-release layers.

Abstract: The invention provides composition and methods for improving hydration and water intake in an animal. In one embodiment, a hydration composition can comprise water and a hydration additive, where the hydration additive consists essentially of a sugar alcohol and a protein, where the sugar alcohol includes glycerol and the protein includes whey. Additionally, a method of improving hydration and water intake in an animal can comprise administering the hydration composition with water to the animal.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of a compound having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing the crystalline compound, and methods of using the crystalline compound, independently or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for treating diseases and conditions which are affected by SGLT or SGLT2 inhibition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for the preparation of D-glucitol, 1,5-anhydro-1-C-[4-chloro-3-[[4-[[(3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl]oxy]phenyl] methyl]phenyl]-, (1S) formula-1 and its crystalline forms thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crystalline form of a co-crystal of an inhibitor against sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 with L-proline, a method for preparing the same, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and use thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a crystalline form of a co-crystal of an inhibitor against sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 represented by formula (1), i.e., (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-(4-(((1R,3s,5S)-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)oxy)benzyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, with L-proline, a method for preparing the same, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the production of sulfated hyaluronic acid (HA), sulfated HA-derivatives and/or mixtures thereof, having a high purity and a sulfation degree ranging from 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps: a) solubilization of HA-Na or HA-derivative-Na, in an aprotic solvent in the presence of an organic sulfonic acid; b) sulfation of the solution obtained by the addition of an excess of sulfating agents; c) precipitation in ethanol until a precipitate is obtained; d) solubilization of the precipitate thus obtained in a mixture of water and the aprotic solvent used in step a), in the presence of an excess of NaCl, with a pH adjustment within a range of 3 to 4; e) further precipitation with ethanol until a powder is obtained; f) washings of the powder coming from step c) and drying the product thus obtained under vacuum.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having general formula (I): where R?H, CH2—OH, CH2—O—CO—CH3, CH2—O—CO-Ph (Ph=phenyl) R??H, CH2—O—CO—CH3, CH2—O—CO-Ph (Ph=phenyl) Ar=phenyl, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenyl, 2-furyl. These are compounds having antioxidant activity against free radicals together with anti-inflammatory activity, the compounds being useful as active ingredients for the preparation of pharmaceutical dermatological or cosmetic compositions for skin care.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition according to the claim 1 comprising an SGLT2 inhibitor, a DPPIV inhibitor and a third antidiabetic agent which is suitable in the treatment or prevention of one or more conditions selected from type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia. In addition the present invention relates to methods for preventing or treating of metabolic disorders and related conditions.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a battery, including a compound represented by formula (1), wherein each A represents P or P?O; each R represents H, a halogen, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkoxy or an aryloxy; each X represents H, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkali metal or formula (2); each Y represents H, a halogen, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkoxy, an aryloxy or formula (3); each Z represents H, an alkyl, an aryl or OZ1; Z1 represents H, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkali metal, formula (2), or formula (4); each M represents an alkali metal; n is 1 or more; m is 1 or more; l is 1 or more; a sum of n, m and l in one molecule is from 1 to 200; and each * represents a position of bonding:

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved, commercially viable and industrially advantageous process for the preparation of sofosbuvir, which uses reagents that are less expensive and easier to handle.

Abstract: SAE-CD compositions are provided, along with methods of making and using the same. The SAE-CD compositions comprise a sulfoalkyl ether cyclodextrin having an absorption of less than 0.5 A.U. due to a drug-degrading agent, as determined by UV/vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 245 nm to 270 nm for an aqueous solution containing 300 mg of the SAE-CD composition per mL of solution in a cell having a 1 cm path length.

Abstract: A photoactivatable caged compound (TPE-C) with AIE characteristics is designed and synthesized. TPE-C is non-emissive either in solution or in aggregated state, but its luminescence can be induced to emit strong cyan emission in aggregated state by UV irradiation. Such property enables TPE-C to be applied in photo-patterning and anti-counterfeiting related areas.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for preparing SGLT2 inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin and empagliflozin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new crystalline form of dapagliflozin represented by formula (I). The crystalline form has a characteristic absorption peak at about 4.318 (20.45) in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern shown by angle 2 theta and interplanar spacing (value d). It can be prepared by dissolving dapagliflozin in good organic solvents, adding poor solvents, stirring to crystallization, filtering and drying. The new crystalline form of dapagliflozin of the present invention has the following superior features: good solubility, low hygroscopicity, high stability and good preparation reproducibility.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a cellulose ether having a low degree of polymerization and undergoing less yellowing and a cellulose ether prepared thereby. Specifically, provided is a method for preparing a cellulose ether having a low degree of polymerization, the method including a step of bringing pulp and an alkali metal hydroxide solution into contact with each other or mixing them to obtain a corresponding alkali cellulose, a first depolymerization step of reacting the alkali cellulose with oxygen to adjust a viscosity reduction percentage of the alkali cellulose to from 10 to 95%, a step of reacting the depolymerized alkali cellulose with an etherifying agent, a step of washing and drying the reaction product to obtain a cellulose ether, and a second depolymerization step of bringing the cellulose ether into contact with hydrochloric acid to adjust a viscosity reduction percentage of the cellulose ether from 40 to 99.9%.

Abstract: Described herein are fatty acid carbohydrate hybrid compounds and derivatives thereof, and methods of treating or preventing disease and disease symptoms using the compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A composition having proanthocyanidin compounds having an average degree of polymerization of at least about 6. A method of administering to an immunosuppressed patient or a patient diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock a composition having a proanthocyanidin. A method of administering to a patient diagnosed with a gram negative bacterial infection a composition having proanthocyanidin compounds having an average degree of polymerization of at least about 6.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a solid bio-product wherein at least 80% of the original indigestible oligosaccharide (raffmose, stachyose and verbascose) content has been degraded into digestible mono- and disaccharides, comprising the following steps: 1) providing a mixture of milled or flaked or otherwise disintegrated biomass, comprising oligosaccharides and optionally polysaccharides and further comprising proteinaceous plant parts, water and one or more enzyme preparations containing ?-galactosidase(s); 2) reacting the mixture resulting from step (1) under continuous mixing and under conditions where the water content in the initial mixture does not exceed 65% by weight, for 0.15-36 hours at a temperature of about 20-65° C.; 3) incubating the reacted mixture from step (2) at a temperature and in a time period which inactivate said ?-galactosidase(s), as well as solid bio-products obtainable by such method.

Abstract: Small molecule fluorescent probes for established drug targets such as nucleic acids including DNA and RNA has been developed and disclosed herein. These nucleic acid probes bind to multiple DNA and RNA structures, and to sites crucial for nucleic acid function, such as DNA and RNA major grooves. Displacement of the probes by other binders such as small molecule compounds and/or proteins illicits a fluorescence change in the probe that once detected and analyzed provide binding information of these other binders of interest. Similarly, changes in fluorescence upon binding of the probes to nucleic acid have been applied to screen nucleic acid of different sequence and conformation. The nucleic acid probes and method of uses disclosed herein are advantageously suitable for high-through put screening of libraries of small molecule compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided for forming an embolus within a region of an anatomical lumen for a transitory period in order to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), or a form thereof, wherein A, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are as defined herein, useful as dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors.

Abstract: Provided are processes for the preparation of complexes that are useful in purifying compounds having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. The processes can reduce the number of steps needed to obtain the target compounds and the complexes formed in the processes are typically provided in a crystalline form.

Abstract: A process for detecting human rhinovirus nucleic acid in a biological sample, includes producing an amplification product by amplifying an human bocavirus nucleotide sequence using a forward primer of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a reverse primer of SEQ ID NO: 2, and measuring said amplification product to detect human rhinovirus in said biological sample. Also provided are reagents and methods for detecting and distinguishing human rhinovirus from other viruses. A kit is provided for detecting and quantifying human rhinovirus in a biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixture, having a skin-tightening effect, which is made up of: 10 to 80% by weight of a polysaccharide, preferably of an alginate, having a molecular weight of less than 600,000 Daltons, preferably less than 400,000 Daltons and more preferably less than 200,000 Daltons, 15 to 75% by weight of a polyhydroxylated agent selected from sugars and their derivatives, particularly sugar esters and sugar, ethers, preferably sorbitol, 3 to 15% by weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 0 to 25% by weight of cellulose or of a derivative of cellulose, such as carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxymethylcellulose. The present invention also relates to cosmetic compositions which contain this mixture. These cosmetic compositions enable a mechanical smoothing of the surface of the skin to be obtained progressively with great comfort of use and enables a good fixing of make-up products.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and systems that can be used to induce immunologic tolerance to non-self antigens. The methods and systems comprise introducing a tolerogen comprising at least one immunogenic non-self antigen coupled to a carrier, wherein the immunogenic antigen can be a foreign or endogenous antigen or fragments thereof. The non-self antigen can be selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate antigens, full-length antigenic proteins, and fragments and combinations thereof, while the carrier can be selected from nanoparticles and stents. Tolerogen compositions are also provided and can be used to induce immunologic tolerance to non-self antigens. These methods, systems and compositions are particularly advantageous since they can be used to allow for the extension of the window of safety for immunologically-incompatible transplantations to patients who are growing past the age of infancy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, enantiomer or racemic mixture thereof, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, —OH, alkyl, —CF3, —OCHF2, —OCF3 or halogen; R3 is cycloalkyl, —OCH2CF3, —OCH2CHF2, —OCH2CH2F or —OCH2CH3; R4 is hydrogen, —OH, —O aryl, —OCH2 aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, —CF3, —OCHF2, —OCF3, —OCH2CF3, —OCH2CHF2, —OCH2CH2F or halogen; A is —CX1X2, wherein X1 and X2 are each independently H, F and Cl, and when both X1 and X2 are H, R3 is not —OCH2CH3. The compound has an activity of inhibitors of sodium-dependent glucose transport protein. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the compound, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, use of the compound and pharmaceutical composition thereof in preparing medicaments of SGLT2 inhibitors and treating related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes (e.g., arylation reaction) for stereoselectively preparing C-arylglucosides that can be useful as synthetic building block or drugs, including SGLT2 inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides novel chemical entities based on sugar alcohols. These new chemical entities are biocompatible and biodegradable. The molecules can be made in a single and pure form. The molecular weights of these molecules range from small (<1000 Da) to large (1000-120,000 Da). The sugar alcohol-based molecules can have functional groups throughout the molecule for crosslinking compounds, such as the preparation of antibody-drug conjugates, or to facilitate the delivery of therapeutic proteins, peptides, siRNA, and chemotherapeutic drugs. Also provided are new conjugate entities prepared through sugar alcohol molecules. Methods of synthesizing sugar alcohol-based molecules and conjugates are also within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carrier that is targeted at fucosylated molecule-producing cells, which comprises an effective amount of fucose for targeting said cells, to a composition comprising the carrier, and to a method for treating and diagnosing a disease related to fucosylated molecule-producing cells utilizing said carrier, etc. The carrier of the present invention enables to deliver a substance specifically to fucosylated molecule-producing cells.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods of using the same to inhibit glycolysis and treat cancer and other diseases are provided herein.

Abstract: A composition including a surfactant and at least one alkyl glycoside and/or saccharide alkyl ester and a drug. The surfactant composition(s) when admixed with a drug is non-toxic and non-irritating, while stabilizing and increasing the bioavailability of the drug. The invention also provides compositions that enhance absorption of drugs via the oral, ocular, nasal, nasolacrimal, inhalation or pulmonary, oral cavity (sublingual or Buccal cell) or CSF delivery route of a patient, including but not limited to insulin, glucagon and exendin-4.

Abstract: A method for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, the method comprising (1) a pretreatment step of impregnating lignocellulosic biomass with an aqueous alkali solution, subjecting the resultant mixture to solid-liquid separation to remove part of the aqueous alkali solution, and then performing heat treatment, and (2) a saccharification step of enzymatically degrading the lignocellulosic biomass resulting from the pretreatment step to obtain a saccharified liquid can be applied to high-lignin lignocellulosic biomass, reduce the usage of alkali and water in the pretreatment step, increase the sugar yield in the saccharification step, decrease the reaction time, reduce enzyme adsorption on a biomass residue, and improve the enzyme recovery rate.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compounds from Epicoccum purpurascens (syn. E. negrum) for use against plant and fungi pathogens. An orange yellow metabolite was isolated, the structure elucidated as a small group of compounds Epipyrone A-C and fungicidal activity demonstrated against plant pathogens, for example Botrytis cinerea and Lecanicillium muscarium. Agricultrual and pharmaceutical compositions are provide, and use thereof in treating microbial infections in an animal or plant are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a family of compounds that comprise fluorescent cyanine dyes. The compounds are near infrared absorbing heptamethine cyanine dyes with a 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexyl ring as part of the polymethine chromophore. The compounds are generally hydrophilic and can be chemically linked to biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and therapeutic small molecules. The compounds can be used for imaging in a variety of medical, biological and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymorphs of the trisaccharide 2?-O-fucosyllactose (2-FL) of formula (1), methods for producing said polymorphs and their use in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a processed food composition containing, as an active ingredient, psicose, which is a saccharide having the function of stimulating a daidzein conversion into equol by an intestinal microorganism in the human body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an active ingredient and/or to a composition having beneficial effect on neurological and cognitive functions.

Abstract: A composite of bacterial cellulose and capsules embedded therein is prepared, for example calcium alginate capsules encapsulating functional components being discretely embedded in a matrix of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cellulose. The functional components may be drugs, probiotics or nutrients, such as fungal polysaccharide.

Abstract: A cocrystalline DHEA composition with at least one additional coformer is disclosed for therapeutic formulations. The cocrystalline DHEA/coformer formulation including at least one coformer chosen from the group consisting of glutaric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, fructose, and wherein the L-isomer of tartaric acid and the D-isomer of fructose are utilized. The cocrystalline DHEA/coformer formulations include certain excipients as a solubilizer or inhibitor.

Abstract: A composition for improving biometabolism parameters is provided. The composition contains D-psicose as an active ingredient, and is continuously ingested in a dose of 5 g or more per intake in terms of D-psicose to lower biometabolism parameters represented by a uric acid level and/or a liver function indicator component level. ?-GTP showed a significant decrease after 4 weeks from 15-g ingestion. ?-GTP and ALP showed a significant decrease after 4 weeks and 2 weeks, respectively, from the ingestion of D-psicose continuously administered three times each day in a dose of 5 g or more per intake.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel C-glycoside compounds of given absolute configuration, to a process for synthesizing them and to compositions containing them. The invention also relates to the cosmetic use of these C-glycoside compounds as agents to stimulate the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans containing a D-glucosamine and/or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, advantageously hyaluronic acid, and/or of proteoglycans, advantageously proteoglycans containing hyaluronic acid, by fibroblasts and/or keratinocytes. The invention also relates to a cosmetic process for treating keratin materials using a composition containing at least one C-glycoside compound according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combination therapy comprising a DPP4 inhibitor and an SGLT inhibitor. The combination of the present invention leads to increase plasma GLP-1 level and the combination is useful for prevention or treatment of conditions such as diabetes and diseases related to diabetes.

Abstract: A novel saccharide siloxane copolymer has improved stability in the presence of water as compared to certain previously known saccharide siloxanes. The saccharide siloxane copolymer is useful in personal care compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel synthetic analogs of phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (hereinafter referred to as PIMs) of general formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the method for preparing same and to the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of a disease associated with the overexpression of cytokines or of chemokines, in particular of TNF and/or of IL-12. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one synthetic derivative of PIM.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for efficiently producing monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and furfurals from biomass. A biomass is hydrolyzed under conditions under which monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and furfurals are produced while continuously supplying an aqueous suspension of the biomass from a supply port of a continuous primary hydrolysis device and moving the suspension through the device. A hydrolysis solution is continuously discharged from a discharge port of the continuous hydrolysis device, and a hydrolysis solution containing monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and furfurals are extracted from an intermediate extraction port provided at any position between the supply port and the discharge port of the continuous primary hydrolysis device. The extracted hydrolysis solution is then subjected to secondary hydrolysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of protein production, and in particular to methods and compositions for modulating glycosylation of proteins expressed in host cells.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrolysate from cellulosic material by adding hydrothermally treated stillage or a fraction thereof to cellulosic material, treating the mixture of hydrothermally treated stillage and cellulosic material with at least one hydrolyzing enzyme, and hydrolyzing and converting complex carbohydrates in the cellulosic material. The hydrolysate produced by the method. Ethanol, organic acids, and organism metabolites produced by the method. Biomass produced by the method. A method of increasing sugar production rate and yield of sugars from cellulosic material by adding hydrothermally treated stillage or a fraction thereof to cellulosic material, treating the mixture of hydrothermally treated stillage and cellulosic material with at least one hydrolyzing enzyme, and hydrolyzing complex carbohydrates in the cellulosic material and forming sugars.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method and compositions for treatment or prevention of pulmonary hypertension in a mammal. Representative mammals include humans and horses. The invention further relates to supplements especially beneficial in preventing or stopping the progression of pulmonary hypertension. The supplements include ribose and folate. Additional nutrients include omega-3 fatty acids and gamma-linolenic acid.