Abstract: A method for inactivating viruses which comprises the step of contacting the virus with an effective amount of a substantially pure divalent metal ion chelate of a polysulfate of xylan having glycosidically linked D-glucuronyl side chains with divalent metal ions chelated thereto wherein substantially all monovalent ions have been substituted by divalent metal ions, said divalent metal ions being selected from the group consisting of Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+ and Zn.sup.2+.

Abstract: Compounds that exhibit selectin binding activity are described and have the following structural formula: ##STR1## where W is selected from a group including structures a-d below ##STR2## wherein p is an integer of from 0-2, q is an integer of from 0-3, and r is an integer of from 0-5;A is selected from the group consisting of .alpha. and .beta. forms of sialic acid, Kemp's acid, quinic acid, R and S forms of mandelic acid, R and S forms of glyceric acid, R and S forms of lactic acid, propionic and acetic acid, and esters and amides thereof, --SO.sub.3, sulfonate, --PO.sub.3, phosphonate, trifluoromethyl, diazine and triazine;B is selected from a group consisting of .alpha. and .beta. forms of fucose, arabinose and esters and substituted forms thereof wherein one or more of the OH groups is independently substituted with F, N.sub.3, NHAc, NHCOCF.sub.3. The remaining variable are described in the specification.

Abstract: A novel disaccharide derivative represented by the following formula, which is the compound of the present invention, its stereoisomers and salts and a medicinal composition comprising the same as an active ingredient. ##STR1## The compound of the present invention has various biological activities, for example, potent mitogenic activity, adjuvant activity, polyclonal B cell activating (nonspecific protective) activity, natural killer activity, antitumor activity, antiviral activity, etc. but little harmful effects, for example, function of inducing the production of so-called inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 from macrophages. Therefore it is highly useful as an immunopotentiator, an antitumor agent, an antiviral agent as well as an agent for preventing and treating sepsis, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, etc. without showing any harmful effects such as lethal toxicity or pyrogenicity as observed in the conventional lipid A and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A process for sizing natural and synthetic yarns by contacting the yarns with a sizing agent containing alkali metal salts of carboxymethyl guar galactomannan having degrees of substitution below 0.15.

Abstract: This specification discloses a production process for an sucralfate aqueous suspension stock, the process being characterized by direct dispersement of an sucralfate aqueous stock for sucralfate preparations, which contains sucralfate particles with an average particle size of no more than 50 .mu.m in a concentration of 1-2 g/ml, in water or other aqueous medium without drying the synthesized sucralfate wet powder, followed by milling of the sucralfate particles to an average particle size of no more than 50 .mu.m. When the sucralfate aqueous suspension stock obtained directly from wet powder in accordance with this method is compared to the conventional suspension obtained from dry powder, equivalency of both stocks are obtained in terms of both properties and pharmacological activities. In comparison to the conventional process using dry powder, this wet milling method of production is economically and operationally superior and environmental pollution arising from the conventional process can be prevented.

Abstract: A composite molecular active substance group for use in restitutive chemotherapy against viral infections, which is produced by the process comprising: (a) preparing lignin units by carrying out an extraction in an aqueous media under weakly acidic or alkaline conditions of wood or wood-like materials and/or plant-cell cultures and separating-off the resultant insoluble solids; (b) preparing lignoid units by carrying out an aqueous alkaline extraction at a pH of 7 to 14 of starting materials selected from the group consisting of wood-incarbonization products and bioconverted wood-like materials and separating-off the resultant alkali-insoluble solids; and (c) preparing a water-soluble mixed polymer by reacting the lignin units from step (a) with the lignoid units from step (b), under aqueous alkaline isolating by ultrafiltration a low molecular weight fraction having a molecular weight of no more than 3000 daltons of the mixed polymer, taking a cut between 15 to 40 kilodaltons and discarding the resultant res

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of silicone containing glycosides prepared by the reaction of a hydroxy containing dimethicone copolyol with a reducing saccharide, or a source of reducing saccharide, in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The invention also relates to the application of these novel compounds in personal care compositions for use on hair and skin.

Abstract: A salt of sucrose-octa-O-sulfonic acid and a tetracycline useful in inhibiting protein synthesis of bacteria.

Abstract: A solid composition of matter comprising one or more polysaccharides which has been cross-linked with either titanium or zirconium cross-linking agents is provided. The composition demonstrates absorbent properties and is useful in absorbent articles of manufacture. Also provided is a method for preparing the compositions.

Abstract: A method of reducing post-operative adhesion formation by topically applying an ionically crosslinked carboxyl-containing polysaccharide or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, e.g. sodium hyaluronate crosslinked with ferric chloride, to a site of surgical trauma.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly found that gold compounds may be applied in topical preparations as an effective treatment of local or systemic inflammatory conditions and/or as antibacterial agents. The present invention therefore relates to new pharmaceutical compositions containing gold for topical application, and the use of the composition in treating inflammation and/or bacterial infection.

Abstract: Novel NeuAc-Gal dissacharide sialidase substrates and inhibitors which are locked into rigid conformation by the attachment of an alkyl group at the C-6 arm of the galactose core are provided. Also provided is a method for the inhibition of sialidase activity.

Abstract: Complexes of deprotonated hyaluronic acid with 3d metal ions of the 4th period of the Periodic Table and compositions containing these complexes as active ingredients or carriers. A process for the preparation of the complexes and compositions (pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions) containing these complexes as active ingredients are disclosed in which zinc or cobalt (II) hyaluronate is preferably used as active ingredient.

Abstract: Multivalent metal ion complexes of a polysulfate of xylan having glycosidically linked D-glucuronyl side chains or derivatives thereof are provided, together with therapeutic compositions thereof having anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: Bis(platinum) and tris(platinum) complexes derived from 6,6'-diamino-6,6'-dideoxy-1',2-anhydrosucrose and 1',6,6'-triamino-1',6,6'-trideoxy-2,3,3',4,4'-penta-O-methylsucrose are disclosed as possessing anti-tumor activity.

Abstract: A method of modifying the adsorptive characteristics of an adsorptive surface comprising the in situ precipitation of a polyvalent metal salt from a solution in contact with the adsorptive surface; the adsorptive product produced thereby and methods for the removal of impurities from aqueous materials by contact with the adsorptive product.

Abstract: There is described a process for silylizing carbohydrates in liquid nitrogen compounds,the carbohydrates being reacted under pressure in an autoclave at a tempperature of about 0.degree. to 200.degree. C. with a silylizing agent of the formula (I) ##STR1## in a liquid nitrogen compound of the formula (II) ##STR2## the respective radicals in the two formulas (I) and (II) being, independently of each other:hydrogen, a low alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group in the form of a phenyl or naphthyl radical, an aralkyl group with 7 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group with 7 to 18 carbon atoms, or an O-, S- or N-containing heterocyclic group with 2 to 5 carbon atoms.An especially suitable silylizing agent is hexamethyl disilazane. As liquid nitrogen compound preferably ammonia is taken, which under the process conditions is liquid. The process according to the invention is of advantage ecologically and economically.

Abstract: The invention relates to sulfated glycosaminoglycanoid derivatives of the dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate type, of which N-sulfate, N-acetate, and hydroxy groups, are replaced by alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, or O-sulfate groups. The compounds have antithrombotic and smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibiting activities.

Abstract: A glucofuranose derivative substituted at the 3,5,6- or 3,6-positions with a radical that provides an anionic charge at physiological pH values is disclosed, as are pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and using the same. The compounds are useful in treating inflammation, and particularly conditions that involve neutrophil influx; they are also useful in inhibiting gastric ulcer formation.

Abstract: The present invention includes an image-enhancing agent comprising a biodegradable, water-soluble polymer, synthetic or naturally derived and having repeating hydrophilic monomeric units with amino or hydroxyl groups. This agent also includes chelating agents comprising functional groups bound to an amino or hydroxyl group of the monomeric units. These chelating agents have a formation constant for divalent or trivalent metal cations of at least about 10.sup.8 at physiological temperature and pH. This image-enhancing agent is biodegradable to intermediary metabolites, excretable chelates, oligomers, monomers or combinations thereof of low toxicity. These image-enhancing agents may further comprise a paramagnetic metal ion for enhancement of the image arising from induced magnetic resonance signals. Images resulting from scanning of gamma particle emissions may be enhanced when the image-enhancing agent of the present invention comprises radioisotopic metal ions emitting gamma particles.

Abstract: A method for producing soluble preparations of neutral glucan polymers is disclosed. The method involves treating whole glucan particles with a unique sequence or acid and alkaline treatments to produce soluble glucan. The soluble glucan can be purified to obtain a physiologically acceptable solution of neutral glucan molecules. A soluble neutral glucan preparation is obtained which forms a clear solution at a neutral pH and is equilibrated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions in the form of stable sucralfate suspensions free of suspending agents, wherein the sucralfate is present in the form of a gel having self-suspending properties and is suspended in an aqueous carbohydrate solution in a quantity of between 1 and 40% of sucralfate by weight.Said gel has a surface area exceeding 200 m.sup.2 /g and is prepared by dissolving powdered sucralfate in an HCl solution and then precipitating it with an NaOH solution added to a pH of between 4 and 4.5.

Abstract: Sulphated O-Polysaccharide-trehaloses which can be used as medicaments, especially for the treatment of arteriosclerotic disorders.

Abstract: A polysaccharide chemically joined to a nitroxyl spin label (NSL) compound has use for the preparation of an NMR diagnostic composition. An agent for modifying H.sub.2 O relaxation times in NMR diagnosis may comprise a polysaccharide to which is chemically linked both an NSL compound and an organic complexing agent to which is complexed a paramagnetic metal ion, such as Gd(III) or Cu(II). Polysaccharides include dextran, starch and cellulose. The preferred NSL compound is 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.

Abstract: The invention related generally to the preparation of colloidal metal(O) particles having a crosslinked aminodextran coating with pendent amine groups attached thereto. The aminodextran acts as both a reductant for reducing metal ions to metal(O) particles and as the protective agent which coats the metal(O) particles thus formed. After stabilizing the aminodextran coating by use of a crosslinking agent, the coated particles can be used to covalently bind proteins. The resulting protein containing colloidal particles can be used as markers in optical and electron microscopy, in immunological and biological assays, and possibly as therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Commercial carrageenin is purified to render it suitable for pharmaceutical, dietetic and cosmetic use by treatment with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a hydrated inert organic solvent.

Abstract: There are provided paramagnetic compounds comprising a paramagnetic metal species chelated by a chelating moiety bound by an amide group to a linker group itself bound by an ester group to a macromolecule, wherein said linker group provides a carbon chain of at least 2 atoms between said amide group and said ester group. The novel compounds are particularly suitable as contrast agents, e.g. in magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: Polycyclic mutagens are removed from aqueous or organic solutions by contacting the solution with a grafted dextranomer adsorbent which contains hydroxypropyl groups covalently linked to a reactive phthalocyanine dye.

Abstract: The present invention includes an image-enhancing agent comprising a biodegradable, water-soluble polymer, synthetic or naturally derived and having repeating hydrophilic monomeric units with amino or hydroxyl groups. This agent also includes chelating agents comprising functional groups bound to an amino or bydroxyl group of the monomeric units. These chelating agents have a formation constant for divalent or trivalent metal cations of at least about 10.sup.8 at physiological temperature and pH. This image-enhancing agent is biodegradable to intermediary metabolites, excretable chelates, oligomers, monomers or combinations thereof of low toxicity.These image-enhancing agents may further comprise a paramagnetic metal ion for enhancement of the image arising from induced magnetic resonance signals.Images resulting from scanning of gamma particle emissions may be enhanced when the image-enhancing agent of the present invention comprise radioisotopic metal ions emitting gamma particles.

Abstract: Method for the treatment of arthritis, rheumatism and inflammation of connective tissue in which a multivalent metal ion substantially pure complex of xylan polysulphate, wherein the multivalent metal ion is selected from the group consisting of Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+ and Zn.sup.2+ is administered to a patient in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Inclusion compounds of a cyclodextrin, such as .beta.-cyclodextrin, and a palladium halide-diene complex, such as a complex of PdCl.sub.2 and 1,5-cyclooctadiene have been found to be effective hydrosilylation catalysts. One part heat curable organopolysiloxane compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The compound having the formula: ##STR1## has antiviral activity, specifically in the prevention or treatment of infection by retroviruses, including HIV, and immunosuppressive activity, either as a compound, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a pharmaceutical composition ingredient, whether or not in combination with other antivirals, immunomodulators, antibiotics or vaccines. Methods of preventing or treating viral infections and modulating immune responses in vivo are also described.

Abstract: A pullulan derivative having one or more active sites resulting from introduction of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, a sulfonic acid or a carboxylic acid, wherein one hydrogen atom of the group of the formula ##STR1## occurring at said active sites is partly substituted by a group of the general formula ##STR2## wherein L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 each independently is amine or a unidentate ligand amine or combinedly represent a bidentate ligand amine and Y is an anionic ligand, and/or two hydrogen atoms of the group ##STR3## groups bound to one and the same carbon atom or to two neighboring carbon atoms as occurring at said active sites are, each independently, partly substituted by a group of the general formula ##STR4## wherein L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are as defined above, and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.The above compound has anticancer activity and is useful as anticancer agents.The present invention is concerned with said compound, a process for producing the same and a pharmaceutical use thereof.

Abstract: A glucofuranose derivative substituted at the 3,5,6- or 3,6-positions with a radical that provides an anionic charge at physiological pH values is disclosed, as are pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and using the same. The compounds are useful in treating inflammation, and particularly conditions that involve neutrophil influx; they are also useful in inhibiting peptic ulcer formation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process which comprises the steps of:(a) reacting a di(hydrocarbyl)tin oxide such as a dialkyltin oxide with a dihydric alcohol, alkanolamine, or an enolizable .alpha.-hydroxyketone in an inert organic reaction vehicle, with removal of water, at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to produce a cyclic adduct of said dialkyltin oxide and said dihydric alcohol, alkanolamine, or enolizable .alpha.-hydroxyketone;(b) reacting said cyclic adduct product of Step (a) with sucrose in an inert organic reaction vehicle such as a dipolar aprotic liquid, at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to produce a 6-O-[dihydrocarbyl(hydroxy- or amino- or oxohydrocarbyl)stannoxyl]sucrose; and(c) reacting the product of Step (b) with an acylating agent to produce a sucrose-6-ester.

Abstract: Three dimensional glucan matrix compositions are prepared by separating growing yeast from its growth medium, subjecting the yeast with cell walls intact to an alkali material, thereby extracting whole glucan particles having an intact cell wall structure. The whole glucans can then, optionally, be treated with acetic acid to alter the .beta.(1-6) linkages, or with glucanase to alter the .beta.(1-3) linkages. The glucans have viscosity characteristics dependent upon the strain of yeast utilized and are useful as stabilizers or thickeners.

Abstract: Sialocylglycerolipids represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group CH.sub.3 CO--; R.sup.2 represents an alkali metal, a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a group C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 -- (n is an integer ranging from 1 to 30); and R.sup.4 represents a group C.sub.m H.sub.2n+1 -- (m is an integer ranging from 1 to 30) are herein disclosed. They are prepared by treating a corresponding compound in an alkaline aqueous solvent. The method makes it possible to provide these compounds in a high yield by a simple processes.

Abstract: A process of preparing l-biopterin is disclosed which comprises the steps of:Subjecting to selective Grignard reaction D-ribose having the hydroxyl groups in the 2- and 3-positions protected by an acetal group to give 6-deoxy-3,4-O-alkylidene allitol;subjecting the 1- and 2-positions of said allitol to oxidative cleavage to form 5-deoxy-2,3-O-alkylidene-L-ribose followed by deacetalization to give 5-deoxy-L-ribose;reacting 5-deoxy-L-ribose with a hydrazine compound to form a 5-deoxy-L-ribose hydrazone compound; andsubjecting said hydrazone compound to condensation reaction with an acid addition salt of 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine followed by oxidation.

Abstract: Three dimensional glucan matrix compositions are prepared by separating growing yeast from its growth medium, subjecting the yeast with cell walls intact to an alkali material, thereby extracting whole glucan particles having an intact cell wall structure. The whole glucans can then, optionally, be treated with acetic acid to alter the .beta.(1-6) linkages, or with glucanase to alter the .beta.(1-3) linkages. The glucans have viscosity characteristics dependent upon the strain of yeast utilized and are useful as stabilizers or thickeners.

Abstract: Process which comprises reacting sucrose with a di-(hydrocarbyl)tin oxide in an inert organic reaction vehicle with removal of water for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to produce a 1,3-di-(6-O-sucrose)-1,1,3,3-tetra(hydrocarbyl)distannoxane.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions for enhancing human host resistance against opportunistic infection in an individual immunocompromised by an AIDS-related virus, consisting essentially of an anti-viral, anti-AIDS drug selected from the group consisting of ansamycin, ribavirin, dideoxycitidine, HPA-23, AL-721, foscarnet, and azidothymidine and a glycolipid compound consisting essentially of the formula: ##STR1## where: R.sup.1 is .alpha. or .beta.-D-1-thiomannopyranoside, .alpha. or .beta.-L-1-thiofucopyranoside.

Abstract: A repairing agent for cells and tissues is disclosed, which agent comprises, as an active ingredient, a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z represents lithium, potassium, sodium, ammonium or an organic ammonium when n is 1, and Z represents calcium, barium or magnesium when n is 2.

Abstract: New alkyl mono and polyglycoside phosphate esters and anionic derivatives thereof are described which compounds have the general formulaRO(G).sub.x Z.sub.ywhereinG is a glycosyl moiety which is selected from the group consisting of fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribose or mixtures thereof,R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted on the glycosyl moiety which aliphatic or aromatic group is a straight chain or is branched, or is cyclic, saturated or unsaturated and has 6 to 30 carbon atoms;x=1 to 10;y=1 to 3.times.+1;at least one of the hydroxyl groups at the hydroxyl position of at least one of the glycosyl moieties is substituted with Z which is ##STR1## wherein A=R.sub.1, H.sup.+ or (G).sub.x ORB=R.sub.2, M.sup.+ or (G).sub.x ORexcept that when B--R.sub.2 or (G).sub.x OR, A.noteq.H, when A or B=(G).sub.x OR, Z substitutes one of the hydroxyl groups of the glycosyl moieties of A or B, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Three dimensional glucan matrix compositions are prepared by separating growing yeast from its growth medium, subjecting the yeast with cell walls intact to an alkali material, thereby extracting whole glucan particles having an intact cell wall structure. The whole glucans can then, optionally, be treated with acetic acid to alter the .beta.(1-6) linkages, or with glucanase to alter the .beta.(1-3) linkages. The glucans have viscosity characteristics dependent upon the strain of yeast utilized and are useful as stabilizers or thickeners.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diagnostic agent containing a non-radioactive paramagnetic metal species which agent comprises a physiologically tolerable, water-soluble, hydroxyl group-containing macromolecular product to which is chemically bound said metal species, said product consisting essentially of at least one polymeric or polymerized carbohydrate or polymerized sugar alcohol or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A paramagnetic metal species-containing diagnostic agent is disclosed which comprises a non-radioactive paramagnetic metal species and, as a carrier therefor, a physiologically tolerable, water-insoluble, hydroxyl group-containing, particulate macromolecular product consisting essentially of at least one polymeric or polymerized carbohydrate or polymerized sugar alcohol or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A method of depolymerizing heparin to obtain a heparin with low molecular weight provided with antithrombotic activity comprises treating a quarternary ammonium salt of heparin with a quarternary ammonium hydroxide.

Abstract: New Amines and amides of carboxylated polysaccharides having the nitrogen of the amido and amino groups directly attached to the polysaccharides and method of making same, based on reacting in solution a material having carboxyl-containing polysaccharides, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, with ammonium donors having the general formula >NH such as primary and secondary amine reagents and with or without a reducing agent to obtain amides or amines. These products may be used for instance in biological separations, for the immobilization of proteins, for the removal of metal ions, a thickeners, and as suspension agents.

Abstract: In an aqueous process for derivatizing polygalactomannan gums, the derivatized product prior to washing is reacted with a water soluble aluminum salt. The resulting products hydrate readily under alkaline pH conditions.

Abstract: A process which comprises (A) combining (i) glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, xylitol, sorbitol, dulcitol, mannitol, inositol, a monosaccharide, or a disaccharide, (ii) water and (iii) lactic acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, saccharic acid, gluconic acid, glyceric acid or mandelic acid to provide an aqueous solution of the polyol and the .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acid, and (B) then at an alkaline pH of 10 or less reacting the solution with a tetravalent titanium compound of an inorganic acid at an .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acid:titanium mol ratio between about 0.5:1 and about 4:1 and a polyol:titanium mol ratio between about 0.25:1 and about 2:1.