Abstract: An oxidized ?-1,4-oligoglucuronic acid, and a preparation method therefor and uses thereof. By using abundant starch, especially soluble starch, in the natural world as the raw material, all 6-site hydroxyl groups of the starch ?-1,4-polyglucose are oxidized into carboxyl groups to form glucuronic acid under the action of a sodium bromide (NaBr)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine oxide (TEMPO)-sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) oxidation system, and the oxidized oligoglucuronic acid having an open ring at an end is prepared by controlling reaction conditions. The compound has obvious anti-cerebral ischemia activity, and can be developed into a potential anti-cerebral ischemia drug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediates of Formula I and to methods of synthesizing and purifying calicheamicin derivatives.

Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently remove 13-dihydroepi-daunorubicin and 4?-epi-feudomycin, which are typical impurities possibly contained in 4?-epi-daunorubicin as a starting material, by using an organic acid salt of 4?-epi-daunorubicin or a hydrate or solvate thereof as a novel production intermediate, thus making it possible to produce high-purity epirubicin.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing (S,S)-secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and (R,R)-secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalysts comprised of platinum and gold. The catalysts are generally useful for the selective oxidation of compositions comprised of a primary alcohol group and at least one secondary alcohol group wherein at least the primary alcohol group is converted to a carboxyl group. More particularly, the catalysts are supported catalysts including particles comprising gold and particles comprising platinum, wherein the molar ratio of platinum to gold is in the range of about 100:1 to about 1:4, the platinum is essentially present as Pt(0) and the platinum-containing particles are of a size in the range of about 2 to about 50 nm. Also disclosed are methods for the oxidative chemocatalytic conversion of carbohydrates to carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof. Additionally, methods are disclosed for the selective oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid or derivatives thereof using catalysts comprising platinum and gold. Further, methods are disclosed for the production of such catalysts.

Abstract: The present description refers to photocleavable compounds which can be used as a photocleavable linker in order to link two biomolecules, such as oligonucleotides and peptides. The present description further refers to a method for the synthesis of said photocleavable compounds.

Abstract: A milk ingredient is enriched in polar lipids, in particular in phospholipids and in sphingolipids, in which the percentage of phospholipids is greater than 10% by weight, relative to the weight of solids of the ingredient, and a method obtains the same starting from pasteurized cream and is used in food and/or pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: This invention relates to the miniaturization of radiosyntheses onto microfabricated devices, and in particular to use of microfabricated devices for radiosynthesis, isolation, and analysis of radiotracers for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET).

Abstract: A process for making the compound of Formula I utilizes the starting compound, together with sulfilimine and sulfoxide process steps later on.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the preparation of glycosylation products, including those represented by formula I: Sugar-O—R???I comprising the step of combining R?—OH, a glycosyl sulfide glycosyl donor (“thioglycoside donor”), a hypervalent iodine alkyl-transfer activating reagent, and a base. In an embodiment, the hypervalent iodine alkyl-transfer activating reagent is (phenyl(trifluoroethyl)iodonium triflimide).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of the Factor Xa anticoagulent Fondaparinux and related compounds. The invention relates, in addition, to efficient and scalable processes for the synthesis of various intermediates useful in the synthesis of Fondaparinux and related compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides synthetic processes and synthetic intermediates that can be used to prepare compounds having useful anti-HIV properties.

Abstract: A chlorinating agent such as a chloroiminium species is used to remove or neutralize tertiary acetamide present as a contaminant in a tertiary formamide solvent. Tertiary formamide solvent purified or treated in this manner can be used as a reaction vehicle for the chlorination of sucrose-6-acylates, thereby improving the yields of the desired sucralose-6-acylate (an intermediate in the production of sucralose).

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing 3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-L-idofuranose, which comprises: (1) protecting hydroxyl of 3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-D-glucofuranose (III) by benzoyl and methylsulfonyl to obtain 6-O-benzoyl-3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-5-O-methylsulfonyl-?-D-glucofuranose (V); (2) subjecting compound (V) to a cyclization reaction under an alkaline condition to obtain 5,6-epoxy-3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-L-idofuranose (VI); and (3) subjecting compound (VI) to a ring-opening reaction to obtain 3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-L-idofuranose.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the efficient stereoselective formation of glycosidic bonds, without recourse to prosthetic or directing groups.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the preparation of the compound of formula The compound of formula (1) is the key intermediate in the synthesis of some antibacterial agents of the triamilide class, such as Tulathromycin, useful to treat bacterial and protozoa infections.

Abstract: A hydroxysafflor yellow A sodium compound as shown in a formula (I) and preparation as well as medicinal application thereof are provided. According to the present invention, the safflower is utilized as a raw material. A monomer pharmaceutical compound, the hydroxysafflor yellow A sodium, is obtained by sufficient processes, and a purity thereof is surely above 98.5%. Therefore, the hydroxysafflor yellow A sodium is a monomer compound, which is safer, more effective, more stable and more controllable than hydroxysafflor yellow A, for treating blood circulation disorders such as platelet aggregation, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and acute cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, the hydroxysafflor yellow A sodium has sufficient solubility and human tolerance.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of purifying rebaudioside A from a mixture comprising glycosides of the plant Stevia rebaudiana. The methods of the invention are useful for preparing highly pure rebaudioside A compositions from crude Stevia starting compositions that are typically considerably lower in rebaudioside A concentration. The highly pure rebaudioside A compositions are useful as non-caloric sweeteners in edible or chewable compositions such as food, beverages, medicine, candy, chewing gum, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new macrolide derivatives, in particular new tylosin derivatives of the formula (I); a pharmaceutical or veterinary composition comprising the derivatives; a method for preparation thereof; a method for treating and/or preventing bacterial infections in an animal, wherein the method comprises administering the derivatives or the composition; and a use of the derivatives for the manufacture of medicaments for treating and/or preventing bacterial infections in an animal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for separating bioactive compounds obtained from vegetable materials. The invention also relates to a process for extracting bioactive compounds from vegetable material.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant strains of the genus Sphingomonas which have a mutation in at least one gene encoding a protein involved in polyhydroxybutyrate (“PHB”) synthesis that allows the mutant strains to produce PHB-deficient Sphingans. The invention is also directed to a process for preparing a clarified Sphingan solution comprising heating aqueous Sphingan solution, in particular PHB-deficient Sphingan solution, to a clarification temperature of about 30° C. to about 70° C., and treating the solution with a clarification agent and enzymes. In addition, the invention is directed to a food or industrial product comprising a PHB-deficient and/or clarified Sphingan. One particular embodiment of the invention is directed to a clarified, PHB-deficient high-acyl gellan and the processes of making thereof.

Abstract: A salt catalyst comprises an ionic complex of i) a nitrogen base comprising one or more guanidine and/or amidine functional groups, and ii) an oxoacid comprising one or more active acid groups, the active acid groups independently comprising a carbonyl group (C?O), sulfoxide group (S?O), and/or a phosphonyl group (P?O) bonded to one or more active hydroxy groups; wherein a ratio of moles of the active hydroxy groups to moles of the guanidine and/or amidine functional groups is greater than 0 and less than 2.0. The salt catalysts are capable of catalyzing ring opening polymerization of cyclic carbonyl compounds.

Abstract: Radiolabeled tracers for binding to sodium/glucose cotransporters (SGLTs), and their synthesis, are provided. The tracers are high-affinity inhibitors of SGLTs, glycosides labeled with radioactive halogens. Also provided are in vivo and in vitro techniques for using the tracers as analytical tools to study the biodistribution and regulation of SGLTs in health and disease, and to evaluate therapeutic interventions. The ability to monitor radiolabel tracer disposition in real time enables the design of new SGLT inhibitors with lower metabolism and higher efficiency.

Abstract: Provided herein are conjugates comprising a protein and an oligosaccharide of one of Formulae I-VI. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising such conjugates. Further provided herein are methods of treating a lysosomal storage disorder in a mammal by administration of an oligosaccharide-glycoprotein conjugate.

Abstract: Carbohydrates are biomolecules that are involved in a range of biological processes and play key roles in, for instance, host immune response and cellular adhesion. Accordingly, functionalisation of medical devices such as stents, valves, catheters, prostheses and other devices for in vivoimplantation with carbohydrates is an area in which considerable interest is developing. Disclosed herein are surfaces having carbohydrates immobilised thereon. The carbohydrate has a linker moiety covalently bound thereto and the linker moiety has a carbon atom that forms a covalent bond with an atom on the target surface. The carbon based bond is a strong, non-hydrolysable covalent bond.

Abstract: The invention provides novel methods and compositions directed to farnesol production, accumulation and cellular sequestration in plants. More specifically, the methods of the invention comprise modifying plant cells that express farnesene to convert the farnesene to farnesol, and in some cases, to farnesol glycoside, such as farnesol glucoside. In other embodiments, carbon flux is shunted towards sesquiterpene production by applying certain plant growth regulators and herbicides to increase sesquiterpene production.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection or measurement of a carbohydrate analyte in fluid comprises components of a competitive binding assay the readout of which is a detectable or measurable optical signal retained by a material that permits diffusion of the analyte but not the assay components, the assay components comprising: a carbohydrate binding molecule labelled with one of a proximity based signal generating/modulating moiety pair; and a carbohydrate analogue capable of competing with the analyte for. binding to the carbohydrate binding molecule, the carbohydrate analogue being a flexible water-soluble polymer comprising: polymerized or co-polymerised residues of monomer units, the monomer unit residues bearing pendant carbohydrate or carbohydrate mimetic moieties and pendant moieties which are the other of the proximity based signal generating/modulating moiety pair.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing phosphate-bridged nucleoside conjugates. In the method, a cyclosaligenyl nucleotide is produced first, to which a linker is added, which is used to perform the immobilization on a solid phase. A subsequent reaction with corresponding nucleophiles results in the desired phosphate-bridged nucleoside conjugates, which can then again be cleaved from the solid phase-bound linker.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbohydrate-based surfactants and methods for producing the same. Methods for producing carbohydrate-based surfactants include using a glycosylation promoter to link a carbohydrate or its derivative to a hydrophobic compound.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing an oligonucleotide which comprises using a sulfurizing agent of general formula (I) for sulfurizing at least one phosphorus internucleotide linkage of a precursor of the oligonucleotide, wherein R is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, which is bonded to the S-atom through an annular carbon atom; and R1 and R2 are independently organic residues, preferably a C1-C20 hydrocarbon residue. The method may further comprise purifying the oligonucleotide. Also included is a process for the synthesis of the sulfurizing agent.

Abstract: Processes for the synthesis of the Factor Xa anticoagulent Fondaparinux, and related compounds are described. Also described are protected pentasaccharide intermediates as well as efficient and scalable processes for the industrial scale production of Fondaparinux sodium by conversion of the protected pentasaccharide intermediates via a sequence of deprotection and sulfonation reactions.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection or measurement of a carbohydrate analyte in fluid comprises components of a competitive binding assay the readout of which is a detectable or measurable optical signal retained by a material that permits diffusion of the analyte but not the assay components, the assay components comprising: a carbohydrate binding molecule labelled with one of a proximity based signal generating/modulating moiety pair; and a carbohydrate analogue capable of competing with the analyte for binding to the carbohydrate binding molecule, the carbohydrate analogue being a flexible water-soluble polymer comprising: polymerized or co-polymerised residues of monomer units, the monomer unit residues bearing pendant carbohydrate or carbohydrate mimetic moieties and pendant moieties which are the other of the proximity based signal generating/modulating moiety pair.

Abstract: The invention describes novel triterpenoid 2-deoxy glycosides of general formula I, wherein at least one of the substituents X1 and R2 contains a 2-deoxy glycosidic group, method of preparation thereof, their cytotoxic activity and a pharmaceutical formulation containing these compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound (which can act as an adjuvant) of Formula I or Formula (II), wherein R1 R4 R5 R6 and R7 are each independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety and a lipid acyl moiety; R2 is a hydroxyl, a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety, a lipid acyl moiety; or an amino hydrocarbyl group optionally substituted with a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety or a lipid acyl moiety; R3 and R8 are each independently selected from acetyl, a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety and a lipid acyl moiety; X is a peptide chain; The above normuramylglycopeptide compounds can be located in liposomes and micelles and can function as immunomodulators, along with a desired antigen (or DNA encloding the antigen), in (e.g. DNA) vaccines.

Abstract: Glucopyranosyl-substituted benzene derivatives of general formula I where the groups R1 to R6 as well as R7a, R7b, R7c are defined herein and the tautomers, the stereoisomers thereof, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof. The compounds according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Abstract: Described are oligosaccharides having a protecting group at two, a plurality, a majority of, or each position in the oligosaccharide which is amenable to derivatization. Collections, libraries and methods of making and using such oligosaccharides are also described.

Abstract: Provided is an all natural composition including naturally-obtained plant extracts.

Abstract: This invention describes processes for the convergent synthesis of calicheamicin derivatives, and similar analogs using bifunctional and trifunctional linker intermediates.

Abstract: This invention describes a process for producing a fraction enriched with jujubogenin and psudojujubogenin lycosides from Bacopa species, wherein the total Bacopa saponin concentration is up to 100% when estimated by HPLC method of analysis. The present invention also describes the processes for the enrichment of new compositions and individual saponin compounds from Bacopa monnieri to more than 95% purity. It further describes an analytical HPLC method for the estimation of total Bacopa saponin fraction and its use in therapeutic applications. This invention also includes two Bacopa saponin 3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl] jujubogenin and 3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl] pseudojujubogenin herein referred to as bacopaside N1 of general formula (1) and bacopaside N2 of general formula (2) respectively.

Abstract: The present document describes a nutraceutical or cosmeceutical composition for the prophylaxis of an ailment comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a sugar plant syrup filtration residue in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present document also describes a nutraceutical or cosmeceutical composition for improving health condition of skin. The present document describes a method of producing a sugar plant syrup-derived product; wherein the improvement is characterized in the step of: collecting a sugar plant syrup residue during the production of sugar or syrup to produce a syrup-derived by-product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for dissolving cellulose. The method comprises—introducing cellulosic raw material,—treating the cellulosic raw material in an enzymatic treatment process,—mixing the cellulosic raw material after the enzymatic treatment in an aqueous solution in order to obtain an aqueous intermediate product containing the cellulosic raw material of at least 3.5 wt.-%, alkali metal hydroxide between 3.5 wt.-% and 7 wt.-% and zinc salt,—freezing the intermediate product to a solid state, and—melting the frozen intermediate product. The present invention also relates to a cellulosic product obtained from a solution comprising dissolved cellulose.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a morpholinyl anthracycline derivative in good yields and purity, including 3?-deamino-3?-4?-anhydro-[2?(S)-methoxy-3?(R)-hydroxy-4?-morpholinyl]doxorubicin (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 1,4-benzothiepin-1,1-dioxide derivatives substituted with benzyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing sucralose from a feed stream resulting from the chlorination of a sucrose-6-acylate in a reaction vehicle. The feed stream includes a sucralose-6-acylate, the reaction vehicle, water, and salts. The salts include one or more selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chlorides, alkaline earth metal chlorides and ammonium chloride. The method includes: (i) deacylation of the sucralose-6-acylate by treatment with a base to afford a product stream comprising sucralose; (ii) partial removal of water and, optionally, reaction vehicle from the product stream of (i) in order to cause precipitation of the salts from the product stream; (iii) removal of the precipitated salts from the product stream of (ii); and (iv) isolation of sucralose from the product stream of (iii).

Abstract: A 7,2?-dehydrate puerarin represented by formula (I) and salt derivatives thereof. The compounds are prepared from puerarin by intramolecular mitsunobu reaction. They are capable of shortening arrhythmia duration and prolonging coagulation time. They can be prepared into oral formulations or injections for treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases including arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and cerebral infarction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing sucralose from a feed stream including a sucrose-6-acylate in a reaction vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of the Factor Xa anticoagulent Fondaparinux and related compounds. The invention relates, in addition, to efficient and scalable processes for the synthesis of various intermediates useful in the synthesis of Fondaparinux and related compounds.

Abstract: Methods for the prevention and treatment of infection, preferably antibiotic resistant wound infection, using a paste formed by the reaction of sucralfate with an acid component are provided. Methods of preparing stable sucralfate compositions are disclosed. Compositions of and products containing the sucralfate paste are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is an AMPK activating material used for improving and treating metabolic syndrome, in which AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is a main enzyme for regulating an energy sensor and lipid/glucose metabolism in the body. The activation of AMPK inhibits the synthesis of fat and cholesterol, and accelerates the reduction of body fat and blood glucose, thereby improving obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia. The disclosed AMPK activating material contains, as active ingredients having an improving and treating effect on metabolic syndrome, including obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia, a novel compound 2?,3?,12?-trihydroxydammar-20(22)-E,24-diene-3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?)-?-D-glucopyranoside], named Damulin A, and a novel compound 2?,3?,12?-trihydroxydammara-20,24-diene-3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?)-?-D-glucopyranoside], named Damulin B.

Abstract: Chitosan-containing blends and methods of dissolving and using chitosan are disclosed. A blend includes a solid acid or a solid agent that generates a proton in situ in the presence of water mixed together with a dry solid chitosan, and may optionally contain other components. The blends are in a dry, free-flowing, particulate form. Methods of dissolving a blend typically comprise adding a quantity of the blend to a low volume of water and mixing until the chitosan and solid acid or solid agent are dissolved and then further diluting this mixture by the addition of water, or used as-is. Devices containing the blends are also described along with methods of using the devices, such as for controlled release of solubilized chitosan in a body of water, such as a stream, containing impurities (e.g., particles, sediment, or suspended matter or dissolved substances) to cause flocculation or precipitation of such impurities.