Abstract: Metaphosphate compounds can directly phosphorylate other compounds to provide easy synthetic access to phosphorylated compounds, including cyclic phosphate compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules comprising pseudouridine or a modified nucleoside, gene therapy vectors comprising same, methods of synthesizing same, and methods for gene replacement, gene therapy, gene transcription silencing, and the delivery of therapeutic proteins to tissue in vivo, comprising the molecules. The present invention also provides methods of reducing the immunogenicity of RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, methods and pharmaceutical compositions for use in treatment of viral infections, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, in hosts in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the compounds are 2?,4?-fluoro nucleosides according to Formula 1001: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, stereoisomeric form, tautomeric form, or polymorphic form thereof, wherein Base, RA, and PD are as described herein. In certain embodiments, 2?,4?-fluoro nucleosides are provided which display remarkable efficacy and bioavailability for the treatment of, for example, HCV infection in a human.

Abstract: The present invention provides deoxynucleoside tri- or tetraphosphate comprising a 3? nitrate and a detectable label covalently bound to the oxygen atom of an oxymethyl or oxyallyl or oxypropargyl substitution of a nucleobase. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future Sequencing by Synthesis technologies.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems and methods for sequencing nucleic acids using nucleotide analogues and translocation of tags from incorporated nucleotide analogues through a nanopore. In aspects, this disclosure is related to composition, method, and system for sequencing a nucleic acid using tag molecules and detection of translocation through a nanopore of tags released from incorporation of the molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoroamidate prodrugs and thiophosphates (including ?-thiomonophosphates, ?-thiodiphosphates, and ?-thiotriphosphates), methods of synthesizing phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoramidate prodrugs, and thiophosphates and methods of treating viral infections, such as HCV, cancer, and/or parasitic diseases with the phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoramidate prodrugs, and thiophosphates.

Abstract: An agent for inhibiting translesion DNA replication comprises a non-natural adenine ribose analog represented by those as set forth in FIG. 1.

Abstract: Alkynyl-derivatized cap analogs, alkynyl-modified capped RNA, 1,4-disubstituted triazole-derivatized capped RNA, methods of preparation, methods of isolation, and uses thereof are provided. The “click” modification facilitates detection and isolation of capped RNAs and the 1,4-disubstituted triazole derivatives formed by the “click” reaction are useful for producing RNA transcripts and encoded protein.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to the manipulation and detection of nucleic acids, including but not limited to compositions, methods, and kits related to nucleotides comprising a chemically reactive linking moiety.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds that are of the class of nucleoside analogs, and more specifically nucleoside analogs that have a non-standard nucleobase, and more specifically analogs where a side chain is appended to said non-standard nucleobase, where said side chain can be cleaved so as to leave behind no more than five atoms appended to the nucleobase as a “scar”. The claimed compounds are useful as intermediates in processes that transiently introduce tags, labels, fluorescent molecules, or other species into oligonucleotides, as in sequencing using cyclic reversible termination, in in vitro selection using functionalized nucleotides that must later be PCR amplified, or in nucleotide capture protocols used in diagnostics.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a paramyxovirus viral infection, with a nucleoside, a nucleotide and an analog thereof.

Abstract: Particular nucleoside 5?-phosphorothioate analogues, such as, adenosine or uridine 5?-di- or tri-phosphorothioate analogues in which at least one of the bridging oxygen atoms of the phosphorothioate is replaced by a group such as —CH2— or —CCl2—, and at least one of the non-bridging atoms or negatively-charged atoms of the phosphorothioate is either a sulfur atom or a sulfur ion can be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions. These compounds are useful for treatment of osteoarthritis/calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease.

Abstract: A theranostic agent for inhibiting translesion DNA replication comprises natural adenine ribose analog having formula I.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an infection from a paramyxovirus and/or an orthomyxovirus, with a nucleoside, a nucleotide and an analog thereof. Examples of viral infections include a respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) and influenza infection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoroamidate prodrugs and thiophosphates (including ?-thiomonophosphates, ?-thiodiphosphates, and ?-thiotriphosphates), methods of synthesizing phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoramidate prodrugs, and thiophosphates and methods of treating viral infections, such as HCV, cancer, and/or parasitic diseases with the phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, such as thiophosphoramidate prodrugs, and thiophosphates.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, methods and pharmaceutical compositions for use in treatment of viral infections, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, in hosts in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the compounds are 2?,4?-fluoro nucleosides according to Formula 1001: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, stereoisomeric form, tautomeric form, or polymorphic form thereof, wherein Base, RA, and PD are as described herein. In certain embodiments, 2?,4?-fluoro nucleosides are provided which display remarkable efficacy and bioavailability for the treatment of, for example, HCV infection in a human.

Abstract: Disclosed, among other things, are compounds having the structure wherein X comprises a bond or a linker, LABEL comprises at least one detectable label, W1 taken alone is —H or —OH, W2 is —OH or a non-extendable moiety, W3 when taken alone is —H or when taken together with W1 is —CH2—O—, and W4 is OH, monophosphate, diphosphate, or triphosphate. Also disclosed are labeled polynucleotide compounds and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new rhodamine compounds and their use as fluorescent labels. The compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of Flaviviridae infections, including HCV infections. In certain embodiments, compounds and compositions of nucleoside derivatives are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-viral agents. In certain embodiments, the compounds are 3?-deoxy nucleoside compounds according to Formula 3001a or 3001b: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, stereoisomeric forms, tautomeric forms, or polymorphic forms thereof, wherein PD, Base1 and Base2 are as provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods of sequencing of polynucleotides and compounds, compositions and kits useful for sequencing of polynucleotides. The chemical compounds include nucleotide and nucleoside analogs which possess a blocking group covalently attached to the 3? hydroxyl of the sugar moiety. The blocking group may optionally be additionally covalently attached to a linker and/or detectable label. The nucleotide analogs may be ribonucleotide or deoxyribonucleotide analogs. Methods include incorporation of the reversible terminator molecules into growing polynucleotide strands by polymerase enzymes, such as in single base sequencing methodologies utilizing sequential reversible termination techniques.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes of preparing phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2?-Azido Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein B, X, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising at least one 2?-Azido Substituted Nucleoside Derivative, and methods of using the 2?-Azido Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives for treating or preventing HCV infection in a patient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleotide analogs, methods of synthesizing nucleotide analogs and methods of treating diseases and/or conditions such as a HCV infection with one or more nucleotide analogs.

Abstract: The present application discloses a labeled nucleotide comprising a label attached via a linker, wherein said labeled nucleotide has the formula wherein R1 is a residue with a negative net charge, preferably selected from the group consisting of a phosphate group, and a sulphate group; wherein R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H2, OH2, and O; wherein “n” is an integer between 0 and 16; wherein “a” is an integer between 1 and 10; wherein SP is absent or a spacer; wherein X is said label; and wherein Y is a nucleotide or nucleoside. Furthermore, oligonucleotides comprising a labeled nucleotide according to the present invention and the use as a primer in amplification based methods is disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of Flaviviridae infections, including HCV infections. In certain embodiments, compounds and compositions of nucleoside derivatives are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-viral agents. In certain embodiments, the compounds are according to Formula 1501: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, stereoisomeric form, tautomeric form or polymorphic form thereof, wherein B, PD, RA, RB, RC, L, M and Z are as described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleotide analogs, methods of synthesizing nucleotide analogs and methods of treating diseases and/or conditions such as a HCV infection with one or more nucleotide analogs.

Abstract: A method for reducing or maintaining platelet inhibition in a patient by administering cangrelor prior to an invasive procedure is described. The method of this invention can be used for patients in need of antiplatelet therapy or at risk of thrombosis. The method can further be used in patients who were previously treated with long-acting platelet inhibitors without increasing the risk of excessive bleeding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2?-Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein A, B, X, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising at least one 2?-Substituted Nucleoside Derivative, and methods of using the 2?-Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives for treating or preventing HCV infection in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2?-Methyl Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R, R1, R2 and R3, are as defined herein. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising at least one 2?-Methyl Substituted Nucleoside Derivative, and methods of using the 2?-Methyl Substituted Nucleoside Derivatives for treating or preventing HCV infection in a patient.

Abstract: Hydroxamate substituted azaindoline cyanine dyes, conjugates thereof and methods of using the same are provided. The subject cyanine dyes include an azaindoline ring having a hydroxamate substituent. The dyes may further include a reactive group moieties (RGM) and/or a water soluble group. Also provided are conjugates of the subject dyes. Also provided are tandem conjugates including a fluorescent protein capable of energy transfer to the dye. Methods of detecting an analyte in a sample by contacting the sample with a detection reagent are provided. The detection agent may be a dye-conjugate that specifically binds the analyte, or may be a reactive dye which conjugates to the analyte. Also provided are compositions, e.g., kits, etc., incorporating such dyes which facilitate use in such methods.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of Flaviviridae infections, including HCV infections. In certain embodiments, compounds and compositions of nucleoside derivatives are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-viral agents. In certain embodiments, the compounds are 2?-chloro nucleosides according to Formula 2001: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, stereoisomeric form, tautomeric form or polymorphic form thereof, wherein B, Z and PD are as described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides heteroaryl functionalized cyanine dyes including a reactive functional moiety, or which are conjugated to a carrier molecule.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of nucleic acid chemistry, specifically to 5-position modified uridines as well as phosphoramidite and triphosphate derivatives thereof. The present disclosure also relates to methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to labeled and unlabeled cleavable terminating groups and methods for DNA sequencing and other types of DNA analysis. More particularly, the invention relates in part to nucleotides and nucleosides with chemically cleavable, photocleavable, enzymatically cleavable, or non-photocleavable groups and methods for their use in DNA sequencing and its application in biomedical research.

Abstract: The invention relates to devices and methods for nanopore sequencing. The invention includes compositions and methods of nucleic acid sequencing using a single polymerase enzyme complex comprising a polymerase enzyme and a template nucleic acid attached proximal to a nanopore, and nucleotide analogs in solution comprising charge blockade label that are attached to the polyphosphate portion of the nucleotide analog such that the charge blockade labels are cleaved when the nucleotide analog is incorporated into a growing nucleic acid and the charge blockade label is detected by the nanopore to determine the presence and identity of the incorporated nucleotide and thereby determine the sequence of a template nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of Formula Ia, wherein R1 is H or phosphate and the double bond is between N1 and C1 or between N2 and C1; R2 is a mitochondrial targeting moiety; R3 an alkyl, alkylaryl, alkylheteroaryl spacer group, a cleavable linker, or absent; R4 is H or an alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group; and R5 is alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or N1 C1, and N3 together form a heterocyclic ring containing at least 5 atoms, wherein N1, N3, and R1-R5 are as defined above, or N3 and R5 together form a heterocyclic ring containing at least four atoms; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

Abstract: Provided are adenosine analog compounds of the general formula that act as P2Y receptors, e.g., the P2Y2 receptor, including pharmaceutical compositions; and uses thereof to treat or prevent diseases associated with that receptor, e.g., disorders relating to mucus secretion, such as cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), asthma, constipation, chronic idiopathic constipation, dry mouth (xerostomia), gum disease, and gastrointestinal problems caused by radiation and chemotherapy for cancer.

Abstract: Methods, Compositions, and Systems are provided for nucleic acid sequencing where the sequential incorporation of nucleotides uses two distinct chemical steps. A plurality of nucleotide analogs, each having a labeled leaving group at its 3? hydroxyl can be sequentially added to a growing strand in the presence of a selective cleaving activity that cleaves the 3? hydroxyl leaving group preferentially after it has been incorporated. The selective cleaving agent can comprise an exonuclease activity, and the exonuclease activity can be a polymerase-associated exonuclease activity. Nucleotide analogs having labels on both a cleavable polyphosphate portion and on a 3? hydroxyl leaving group can provide signals characteristic of nucleotide analog incorporation. Systems having illumination optics, collection optics, and substrates observe signals from the labels as they are being incorporated into a growing nucleic acid strand, allowing for the sequencing of template nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention provides particular uridine di- and tri-phosphate derivatives, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. These compounds are useful for treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions modulated by P2Y6 receptors, and particularly for lowering intraocular pressure and thereby treating ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to a method of sequencing a single-stranded DNA using deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues and translocation of tags from incorporated deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues through a nanopore.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of Formula I, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of Formula I and methods for treating Orthomyxoviridae virus infections by administering these compounds. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are particularly useful for the treatment of Human Influenza virus infections.

Abstract: A nucleoside compound having activity against hepatitis C virus is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base, as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof. These compounds, which can be described by general formula (II), are useful for the treatment of retroviral infection, e.g., HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection in a mammal. The invention also features synthetic intermediates for the preparation of phosphonate nucleosides.

Abstract: The present disclosure encompasses oligonucleotide aptamers selectively binding a target glycosylated polypeptide or protein, and having biased affinity for the glycan through a boronic acid linked to a nucleosidic base of a nucleotide(s). The disclosure further encompasses methods for isolating an aptamer(s) selectively binding a target glycosylated polypeptide, where, from a population of randomized oligonucleotides that have at least one nucleotide having a boronic acid label linked to a base, is selected a first subpopulation of aptamers binding to the target glycosylated polypeptide or protein. This subpopulation is then amplified without using boronic acid-modified TTP, and amplification products not binding to a target glycosylated polypeptide or protein are selected. The second subpopulation of aptamers is then amplified using boronic acid-modified TTP to provide a population of boronic acid-modified aptamers capable of selectively binding to a glycosylation site of a target polypeptide or protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleoside compounds and certain derivatives thereof which are inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA viral polymerase. These compounds are inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA viral replication and are useful for the treatment of RNA-dependent RNA viral infection. They are particularly useful as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase, as inhibitors of HCV replication, and/or for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. The invention also describes pharmaceutical compositions containing such nucleoside compounds alone or in combination with other agents active against RNA-dependent RNA viral infection, in particular HCV infection. Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, inhibiting RNA-dependent RNA viral replication, and/or treating RNA-dependent RNA viral infection with the nucleoside compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of nucleosides, nucleotides and analogs thereof, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an infection from a paramyxovirus and/or an orthomyxovirus, with a nucleoside, a nucleotide and an analog thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of nucleoside 5?-triphosphates of formula (I), or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said nucleoside 5?-triphosphates or said derivatives, wherein the Base of formula (I) is Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Uracil (U), modified nucleobase or unnatural nucleobase; R1 is H or OH, R2 is H or OH, X is independently selected from the group consisting of O, S and Se; and Y is independently selected from the group consisting of O, B (borano, or BH3), S, and Se.

Abstract: The present invention has objects to provide an agent for enhancing the effect of skin-whitening ingredients which enhances the skin-whitening action of skin-whitening ingredients and has an improved safeness, and to provide a skin-whitening agent, which contains the above agent and a skin-whitening ingredient(s) and has an improved and enhanced skin-whitening action. The present invention solves the above objects by providing an agent for enhancing the effect of skin-whitening ingredients, which contains one or more members selected from the group consisting of guanine and derivatives thereof as an effective ingredient(s); and a skin-whitening agent which contains the above agent along with a skin-whitening ingredient(s) particularly, members derivatives thereof and/or equol including derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to 3?-OH unblocked nucleotides and nucleosides labeled and unlabeled with 5-methoxy-substituted nitrobenzyl-based photocleavable terminating groups for use in methods and systems related to DNA and RNA sequencing and analysis. These compounds may be used as reversible terminators as they exhibit fast nucleotide incorporation kinetics, single-base termination, high nucleotide selectivity, and rapid terminating group cleavage that results in a naturally occurring nucleotide.

Abstract: Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a chronic process related to a progressive mineralization of the aortic root and valve cusps. We found in human AS valves a high level of expression and enzymatic activity of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (ENPP-1), which correlated to the degree of mineralization. In vitro, inhibition of ENPP activity with ARL 67156 significantly reduced calcification of isolated valve interstitial cells. In a rat model of cardiovascular calcification, ARL 67156 significantly reduced calcification of the aortic root and valve cusps. This is the first study to demonstrate that increased expression and activity of ENPP-1 promotes the mineralization process in AS valves. Hence, inhibition of ectonucleotidase may represent a novel target of therapy for this frequent and serious cardiovascular disease.