Abstract: The present invention relates in general to a method for the reduction of oxygenated compounds of rhenium and technetium and in particular to the reduction of perrhenate or pertechnetate ions.More particularly, the invention relates to reactions for the reduction of the said oxygenated compounds which are carried out in the course of the preparation of complexes of the radionuclides .sup.186 Re, .sup.188 Re and .sup.99m Tc; in these reactions, the radionuclide perrhenate or pertechnetate ion is reduced in the presence of a reducing agent and a ligand which can form a complex with the radionuclide in its reduced oxidation state.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyrotaxanes that contain metal complexes or iodine-containing benzene derivatives as imaging components for MRT diagnosis and x-ray diagnosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metalloporphyrin catalyst represented by the structure: ##STR1##

Abstract: The Invention pertains to a process for the amidation of a material having at least one carboxyl-containing polysaccharide. The provided process involves a first step in which the carboxyl groups are reacted with an ammonium donor of the general formula >NH to form the corresponding polysaccharide carboxyl ammonium salt, and a second step in which the polysaccharide carboxyl ammonium salt is heated so as to convert the ammonium groups into the corresponding amido groups. The invention also pertains to fatty amide modified carboxyl-containing polysaccharides, and particularly to fatty amide modified carboxymethyl cellulose. The products in accordance with the invention can be widely employed, e.g. in the field of biodegradable plastics, as anti-redeposition agents for synthetic fibers, as polymeric emulsifiers, as pigment dispersing agents, in cosmetic applications, as thickeners, as oil drilling fluids, as superabsorbers, and in mineral processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to new metal complex-containing or iodine-containing benzene derivatives that contain pseudopolyrotaxanes. They are valuable compounds for diagnosis. The pseudopolyrotaxane complexes have general formula (I), in which n represents the numbers 6, 7 or 8; m represents the numbers 2 to 50; X represents a direct bond or the radical --O--CO--CH(CH.sub.3)--; R.sub.1 and Y have the meaning that is indicated in the description and represent R.sub.3 --Y--R.sub.4 polyalkylene glycols.

Abstract: A cyclic oligosaccharide or salts thereof comprising glucoses bound cyclically via .alpha.-1,6-linkages and having at least one S-oxo acid group bound, and ana gent for preventing or treating retroviral diseases which comprises said cyclic oligosaccharide or salts thereof as an active ingredient. The novel sulfated cyclic isomaltoligosaccharide inhibits infection of host cells with various retroviruses such as AIDS virus etc. so effectively that it has a significant preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases caused by retroviruses. Accordingly, said oligosaccharide can be utilized as an agent for preventing or treating retroviral diseases in pharmaceutical industry.

Abstract: A library of diverse molecular configurations containing many combinations and permutations of polymerizable cyclodextrin derivatives (PCDs) is disclosed for use in dental bonding formulations and other applications. Each PCD molecule in the library contains numerous (at least one or more) covalently attached polymerizable groups, and may also contain covalently attached ligand groups, such as free carboxyl groups, tertiary amino groups, or both, which substituents are attached in statistically predetermined proportions by ether or ester linkages. The PCDs may also contain molecularly encapsulated comonomers, polymerization inhibitors (stabilizers), polymerization initiators, and other desirable molecules. The molecular members of the PCD libraries may have quasi-random molecular configurations in the numbers and locations of their various substituents.

Abstract: The amount of cholesterol in low density lipoproteins in a sample can be measured by contacting the sample with one or more reagent solutions to carry out the reaction in the presence of a polyanion and an amphoteric surfactant, followed by optical measurement of the reaction product.

Abstract: A process for the resolution of a racemic mixture of nucleoside enantiomers that includes the step of exposing the racemic mixture to an enzyme that referentially catalyzes a reaction in one of the enantiomers. The nucleoside enantiomer (-)-2-hydroxymethyl-5-(5-fluorocytosin-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner.

Abstract: Inclusion Complexes of Racemic Ibuproxam and of Optically Active Ibuproxam with Cyclodextrin Derivatives, Process for the Preparation Thereof, Pharmaceutical Preparations Containing these Inclusion Complexes or Containing Optically Active S-(+)-Ibuproxam, and Use ThereofThere are disclosed novel inclusion complexes of racemic ibuproxam and of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam with hydrophilic and hydrophobic cyclodextrin derivatives and, in the case of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam, also with .beta.-cyclodextrin alone. Further a process for preparing S-(+)-ibuproxam and inclusion complexes of racemic ibuproxam and of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam with hydrophilic and hydrophobic derivatives of .beta.-cyclodextrin and, in the case of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam, also with .beta.-cyclodextrin alone, is disclosed.Disclosed are also pharmaceutical compositions containing these inclusion complexes or optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed comprising a water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble compound and a branched cyclodextrin-carboxylic acid. The branched cyclodextrin-carboxylic acid significantly increases the water-solubility of the compound. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing water-solubility of the compound.

Abstract: Nerve process growth modulation can be achieved using derivatized cyclodextrins. Processes for making sulfated and aminated .beta.-cyclodextrin derivatives are also described in which a compound of the formula R".sub.2 NCH X'.sup.+ X'.sup.- where R.sup.- is an alkyl containing 1-5 carbon atoms and X is selected from bromine and iodine is used to halogenate the cydodextrin.

Abstract: Genetically engineered modification of potato for suppressing formation of amylose-type starch is described.Three fragments for insertion in the antisense direction into the potato genome are also described. Moreover, antisense constructs, genes and vectors comprising said antisense fragments are described. Further a promoter for the gene coding for formation of granule-bound starch synthase and also the gene itself are described.Also cells, plants, tubers, microtubers and seeds of potato comprising said antisense construct are described.Finally, amylopectin-type starch, both native and derivatized, derived from the potato that is modified in a genetically engineered manner, as well as a method of suppressing amylose formation in potato are described.

Abstract: Cholesterol in low density lipoproteins can be measured specifically and precisely by optically measuring a reaction product of a living sample with cholesterol oxidase or cholesterol dehydrogenase in the presence of an amphoteric surfactant. In addition to the above processes for measurement, the present invention provides reagent compositions and kits for measuring cholesterol in low density lipoprotein.

Abstract: Electrochemiluminiscent moieties having the formula?Re(P).sub.m (L.sup.1).sub.n (L.sup.2).sub.o (L.sup.3).sub.p (L.sup.4).sub.q (L.sup.5).sub.r (L.sup.6).sub.s !.sub.t (B).sub.uwhereinP is a polydentate ligand of Re;L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5 and L.sup.6 are ligands of Re, each of which may be the same as or different from each other ligand;B is a substance which is a ligand of Re or is conjugated to one or more of P, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5 or L.sup.6 ;m is an integer equal to or greater than 1;each of n, o, p, q, r and s is zero or an integer;t is an integer equal to or greater than 1; andu is an integer equal to or greater than 1;P, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5, L.sup.6 and B being of such composition and number that the chemical moiety can be induced to emit electromagnetic radiation and the total number of bonds to Re provided by the ligands of Re being equal to the coordination of Reare disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isothiocyanated cyclodextrin derivative which can label various kinds of organic compounds containing an amino group as their functional group. In some embodiments, the derivative can be a cyclodextrin derivative in which at least one primary hydroxyl group is substituted by an isothiocyanato group and expressed by the compound expressed by formula (I), ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 5 to 7.

Abstract: The invention discloses a starch graft poly(meth)acrylate blast media which is effective in paint removal. The media is superior to a physical blend of the components (i.e., starch and acrylic polymers) and to either a starch polymer or an acrylic polymer used singly. The hardness of the media is between 65-90 Shore D.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for preventing or substantially inhibiting the hemolytic activity of hemolysis inducing agents. The methods and compositions are based on the use of an anionic oligosaccharide, such as polysulfated cyclodextrin, to achieve the desired reduction in hemolytic active inducing agents.

Abstract: This invention describes bifunctional polysaccharides conjugated to both a chelating group suitable for the selective complexation of metal cations, and a targeting peptide specific for a cellular substructure. These bifunctional polysaccharides are primarily useful for the regulation, detection and quantification of metal ion levels, such as Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, or Li.sup.+, in specific cellular structures. Localization within the cellular structure is accomplished by the targeting peptide, whereupon the large, water-soluble polysaccharide prevents diffusion of the chelating group from the targeted site. When the target cell structure is the nucleus of a fertilized egg cell, the polysaccharide-chelator conjugate remains sequestered within the nucleus until the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, whereupon the reagent becomes sequestered into both daughter nuclei. This means of tracking daughter cells is practical even through several cell divisions.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel polymers derivatized with at least one --NO.sub.X group per 1200 atomic mass unit of the polymer. X is one or two. In one embodiment, the polymer is an S-nitrosylated polymer and is prepared by reacting a polythiolated polymer with a nitrosylating agent under conditions suitable for nitrosylating free thiol groups. The polymers of the present invention can be used to coat medical devices to deliver nitric oxide in vivo to treatment sites.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel branched cyclodextrins having any of an N-acetylglucosamine group, a glucosaminyl group, an N-acetylgalactosaminyl group and a galactosaminyl group as bonded to the hydroxyl group of the cyclodextrin ring by .beta.-bonding therebetween, and their salts. The novel branched cyclodextrins are produced by reacting a solution containing a cyclodextrin and an N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine with an N-acetylhexosaminidase, and optionally deacetylating the resulting product.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclodextrin derivatives according to formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents OH or NH(CH.sub.2).sub.p OH, n is equal to 5, 6 or 7 and p is an integer from 2 to 6, it being possible for the p to be different when one or more of the R.sup.1 represent NH(CH.sub.2).sub.p OH.These derivatives can be used for solubilizing hydrophobic chemical compounds such as active principles in an aqueous medium by the formation of inclusion complexes therewith.

Abstract: Inclusion complexes of nimesulide alkali and alkaline earth salts with cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin derivatives are disclosed. Compositions containing the inclusion complexes, processes for the preparation of the complexes as well as methods to use the same as pharmaceuticals are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the use of adenosine as an agent for the treatment of human beings. More particularly, this invention is concerned with the administration of adenosine to human patients by continuous intravenous infusion for, inter alia, control of blood pressure, use as a selective vasodilator, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance, treating acute pulmonary hypertension in conjunction with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, in diagnosing pulmonary hypertension in conjunction with cardiac septum defects, in percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA), in coronary thrombolysis (CTL) and in radionucleide scintography.

Abstract: Reactive cyclodextrin derivatives have at least one nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The reactive cyclodextrin derivatives include at least one nitrogen-containing heterocycle having at least one electrophilic center.

Abstract: New inclusion complexes which are stable in their so-lid state formed of SIN-1A and cyclodextrins or cyclodextrin derivatives and optionally also containing ions as catalyst or stabilizer. The complexes release nitric oxide at room temperature upon dissolving in water or aqueous systems. The ions are preferably carboxylic acid anions such as acetate, formiate, propionate, ascorbinate, tartarate and/or lactate and/or inorganic acid anions such as phosphate, phosphite, borate, carbonate, hydrocarbonate, sulfate, sulfite and/or cations such as alkali and/or ammonium.Pharmaceutical compositions as well as kits containing the complexes. The kits are to be used as NO-liberating standards to release NO in a predictable amount and rate on dissolving in aqueous media.

Abstract: A process for producing a saccharide carboxylic acid or a salt thereof characterized in that a microorganism belonging to the genus Pseudogluconobacter and capable of oxidizing a hydroxymethyl group and/or hemiacetal hydroxyl-associated carbon atom to a carboxyl group, or an artifact derived from the microorganism, is permitted to act on a hydroxymethyl and/or hemiacetal hydroxyl-containing saccharide or saccharide derivative to produce and accumulate the corresponding carboxylic acid and the carboxylic acid so accumulated is harvested and novel saccharide carboxylic acids produced by the above production method, and by the process, from a broad range of saccharides, saccharic acids having carboxyl groups derived from hydroxymethyl and/or hemiacetal OH groups can be produced with high selectivity and in good yield, the resultant saccharide acids are resistant to enzymatic degradation and have improved water solubility, among other characteristics.

Abstract: Mono (6-amino-6-deoxy)cyclodextrin derivatives substituted in the 6-position by an .alpha.-amino acid residue. These derivatives correspond to the following general formula: ##STR1## in which: CD represents .alpha.-, .beta.- or .gamma.-cyclodextrin,n is 0 or 1, andZ represents a divalent radical chosen from:(i) --CH.sub.2(ii) --O--CH.sub.2--(iii) --S--CH.sub.2 --, ##STR2## and (v) --O--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --CH.sub.2 --.These derivatives find an application in the formation of inclusion complexes of active substances and can be used in various fields, in particular in cosmetics, in dermatology and in pharmacology.

Abstract: Conductive polymer doped by a sulphonated cyclodextrin salt and device for obtaining and/or supplying an active substance incorporating said polymer.The dopant used has the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which n is an integer between 2 and 50, M.sup.+ is Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+ Mg.sup.+ 1/2 or NH.sub.4.sup.+ and R represents --SO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+ or --OH, whereby R can differ from one cycle to the other. The doped conductive polymer can be used as an active electrode material in an electrochemical device.

Abstract: This invention relates to sulfonates of .beta.-cyclodextrin polymer having a sulfur content of 10% or more, which inhibit propagation of smooth muscle cells.

Abstract: A crosslinked, highly porous body derived from a water-soluble, hydrogel polymer, wherein the porous body is characterized in that it has an open-celled 3-dimensional lattice structure, a density of less than about 1.0 g/cm.sup.3 a surface area of equal to or greater than about 30 m.sup.2 /g, a compression strength of equal to or less than about 10% yield at 10 psi, and an average pore diameter of less than about 1000 Angstroms.When the hydrogel polymer used is guar gum, the resulting product is particularly useful for thermal insulation applications.

Abstract: Polysaccharides (e.g., dextran) of different molecular weights were substituted at the anomeric carbon with polyalkylene oxides of different molecular weights to give novel diblock copolymers. The copolymers inhibit bacterial aggregation. The copolymers are useful as antiplaque agents, as agents to prevent bacterial aggregation in an aqueous system or in a fermentation system.

Abstract: Halo, azido, and amino cyclodextrin/epichlorohydrin copolymers, methods of preparing the copolymers, and the use of the copolymers for removing aflatoxins and phytoestrogens from a sample, for detecting the presence of aflatoxins and phytoestrogens, and for quantifying aflatoxin and phytoestrogen levels.

Abstract: A process for preparing branched cyclodextrins has at least one cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative reacted with at least one glycosyl donor in a molar ratio of cyclodextrin/glycosyl donor of from 1:1 to 1:20, in the presence of a catalyst, and in a solvent.

Abstract: A method for recovering cyclodextrin, comprising passing an aqueous solution containing an inclusion compound of cyclodextrin with a guest compound, through a non-polar, high-porous hydrophobic adsorption resin, which is the cross-linked copolymer of styrene with divinylbenzene, comprised of styrene as a basic skeleton, to cause the adsorption resin to preferentially adsorb the guest compound for its removal. The method enables economical recovery of cyclodextrin in a good efficiency and at a high purity from inclusion compounds of cyclodextrin with guest compounds such as cholesterol and other lipids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a dextrin derivative in which a proportion of the hydroxyl groups of dextrin are replaced by basic groups. Such compositions are useful for the treatment of acidic conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclodextrin glycosides and processes for their preparation. The cyclodextrin glycosides according to the invention are cyclodextrins substituted by 2-acetamido-2-deoxyaldoses. These cyclodextrin glycosides are prepared by a process which is characterized in that cyclodextrins are reacted with 2-acetamido-2-deoxyaldoses in an anhydrous acid medium and the reaction products are then treated with a mild base. The cyclodextrin glycosides can be used for solubilization of substances which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water.

Abstract: The invention relates to inclusion complexes of N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholino-sydnonimine or its salts formed with a cyclodextrin derivatives, preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same.The inclusion complex of N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholino-sydnonimine or its salt formed with cyclodextrin derivative is prepared bya) reacting the N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholino-sydnonimine or its salt and the cyclodextrin derivative in a solvent medium, and if desired recovering the complex from the solution by dehydration, orb) high energy milling of the N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholino-sydnonimine or its salt and the cyclodextrin derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new pharmaceutical composition for parenteral and local administration comprising an aqueous solution of erythropoietin and a .beta.- or .gamma.-cyclodextrin hydroxyalkyl derivative. The invention also relates to novel lyophilized or spray-dried erythropoietin compositions comprising a .beta.- or .gamma.-cyclodextrin hydroxyalkyl derivative, to processes for preparing such aqueous, lyophilized or spray-dried compositions and to a method for simultaneously stabilizing erythropoietin in an aqueous solution and preventing it from being adsorbed to surfaces.

Abstract: Hydrophilic, water-dilatable cyclodextrin polymerizates have a high cyclodextrin content and possess good mechanical properties. The cyclodextrin pearl polymerizates are produced by reacting hydroxyalkyl cyclodextrin derivatives with bifunctional crosslinking agents such as epichlorohydrin or diepoxides, followed by hydroxyalkylation of the primary product so obtained. The cyclodextrin polymerizates produced in this manner have mechanical properties appreciably superior to those of known, comparable cyclodextrin polymers.

Abstract: (+)-2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-(6-(1H-1,2, 4-triazol-1-yl)pyridazin-3-ylthio)butan-2-ol and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof useful as an antifungal agent are disclosed. An inclusion complex of the compound with cyclodextrin can be given either orally or intravenously and has increased absorption when administered orally.

Abstract: A dextrin derivative, in which a proportion of the hydroxyl groups in the dextrin have been replaced by strongly acidic groups, is useful in treatment of poisoning or drug overdose, particularly by compounds having basic groups. Dextrin sulphate is a preferred derivative for use in the treatment of paraquat poisoning.

Abstract: Artificial redox enzymes are disclosed wherein one or more redox coenzymes or cofactors are linked to the 2-O, 3-O or 6-O positions of a D-glucopyranose ring of .alpha.-, .beta.-, or .gamma.-cyclodextrins. Also disclosed are facile synthetic methods for producing said artificial redox enzymes in good yield, and methods of use of such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stabilizing agents for enzymes which comprises an enzyme stabilizing amount of an N-substituted moranoline derivative of the formula (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is phenyl lower alkynyl, phenoxy lower alkenyl or phenoxy lower alkynyl, wherein the phenyl moiety is unsubstituted, or a glucose oligomer thereof.

Abstract: Cyclodextrin derivatives having at least one group selected from among a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonic acid salt group, an ammonium salt group, a phosphoric acid group, a carboxyl group, a carboxylic acid salt group and a hydroxyl group are disclosed. The present invention provides cyclodextrin derivatives having extremely high solubility in water.

Abstract: Inclusion complexes of the polyenes apocarotenal and lycopene in a cyclodextrin as well as their manufacture are described. The inclusion complexes are soluble in water, alcohol or water/alcohol mixtures.

Abstract: .alpha.-Amylase activity can be determined rapidly and precisely by using as a substrate a modified oligosaccharide wherein a benzyloxymethyl group or a halomethyl group is bonded to the C.sub.6 position of non-reducing-end glucose residue and the reducing-end glucose residue is bonded to a group which exhibits an optically measurable change upon cleavage. Processes for producing such a compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: The media is an ether derivative of cyclodextrin such as a permethylated hydroxy ether of cyclodextrin or a dialkyl trifluoroacetyl ether derivative of cyclodextrin and is used in capillary gas chromatographic columns. Particular benefit is obtained using the ether derivative of cyclodextrin in a fused silica capillary.

Abstract: A cyclic peptide designated FR115224, administered parenterally in a cyclodextrin carrier, which exhibits antiallergic activity.

Abstract: Cyclodextrins and especially ionic cyclodextrin derivatives facilitate the iontophoretic delivery of pharmaceutically active agents.