Abstract: Disclosed herein is a self-healing asphalt binder composition comprising i) an asphalt binder, ii) an oxetane substituted polysaccharide, and iii) a polyurethane, as well as asphalts comprising said self-healing asphalt binder and an asphalt mixture. Also disclosed are methods of making the self-healing asphalt binder.

Abstract: The invention is related to a contact lens, especially a SiHy contact lens, which comprises a lens bulk material covered with an outer surface hydrogel layer thereon and has a posterior surface and an opposite anterior surface. The outer surface hydrogel layer consists of an anterior outer hydrogel layer and a posterior outer hydrogel layer. A contact lens of the invention is characterized by having a difference in surface softness between its posterior (BC) and anterior (FC) surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an integrated microfluidic chip for detecting cancerous cells, particularly, cholangio-cancerous cells, from a biological sample. Also disclosed herein is a method of detecting cholangio-cancerous cells from a biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), sucrose octasulfate or sucralfate and hyaluronic acid for the treatment, pre-emptive treatment or prophylaxis of ulcers, wounds and other injuries to the skin or membranes of the body. Other aspects of the invention are methods of treatment or prevention using the compositions described, as well as an application device for use in the methods provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high molecular weight heparin (HMWH) compound is disclosed. The method comprises dissolving heparin to form a heparin solution and fractionating the heparin solution via tangential flow filtration (TFF) using a membrane with a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) between about 8 kDa and about 12 kDa. The TFF yields a retentate comprising fractionated heparin with a weight average molecular weight of about 20 kDa or greater, i.e., a high molecular weight heparin compound. A substantial proportion of heparin chains in the fractionated heparin may have a high molecular weight, e.g., 50% of the heparin chains or greater may have a molecular weight of 20 kDa or greater.

Abstract: Provided here are new ophthalmological methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of ocular bacterial infections and related conditions comprising delivering an effective amount of an ophthalmologically suitable composition comprising an effective amount of a moxifloxacin compound and an effective amount of a triamcinolone compound. In aspects, methods comprise delivery of the composition by injection. In aspects, the delivered compositions are stable suspensions, which maintain physical stability and chemical stability for extended periods of time (e.g., exhibiting no sustained flocculation, coagulation, or clumping after several months of storage under typical storage conditions). In aspects, compositions are suspensions that include a suspension component comprising one or more suspension agents. In aspects, the suspension component includes an ionic suspension and may also or alternatively comprises a non-ionic surfactant, non-ionic suspension agent, or both, or, an agent that provides both functions.

Abstract: The invention is related to a hydrated silicone hydrogel contact lens having a layered structural configuration: a lower water content silicone hydrogel core (or bulk material) completely covered with a layer of a higher water content hydrogel totally or substantially free of silicone. A hydrated silicone hydrogel contact lens of the invention possesses high oxygen permeability for maintaining the corneal health and a soft, water-rich, lubricious surface for wearing comfort.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for depleting epoxide species in epoxy-crosslinked polysaccharide gel compositions. In addition, the present invention relates to crosslinked polysaccharide gel compositions made by said process and their use in cosmetic and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: Provided are a combination of cross-linked hyaluronic acids comprising: a cross-linked hyaluronic acid having an elasticity of about 50 to about 200 Pa and a viscosity of about 20 to about 100 Pa, and a cross-linked hyaluronic acid having an elasticity of about 400 to about 800 Pa and a viscosity of about 40 to about 100 Pa, and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A nerve growth promoter and an antioxidant containing a degradation product obtained by degrading a composition containing a hyaluronic acid and a protein with a protease. A would treatment agent containing an ethyl acetate extract of a degradation product obtained by degrading a composition containing a hyaluronic acid and a protein with a protease.

Abstract: Single-chain ?-glucans can be obtained by hydrothermal treatment of a solution containing (1,3)(1,6)-?-glucan for a predetermined time in a temperature range of from 145° C. to 200° C. at a pressure at or above the saturated vapor pressure at the treatment temperature. ?-Glucans capable of maintaining a single-chain state for an extended period of time can be produced without chemical treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a xylene-based amphiphilic compound, a method for preparing the same, and a method for extracting, solubilizing, stabilizing or crystallizing a membrane protein using the same. By using the xylene-based compound according to the present invention, a membrane protein may be stably stored in an aqueous solution for a long time, and may be applied in functional and structural analyses. The structural and functional analysis of the membrane protein is one of the fields of highest interest in biology and chemistry, and the xylene-based compound according to the present invention can be applied in research on protein structure that is closely related to development of a new drug.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides, inter alia, a method of producing an outer layer material for forming into a structure and that comprises an entanglement having a hydrophobic polymer host and a hydrophilic guest, including in one embodiment the steps of: intermingling cloaked hydrophilic guest complexes with the hydrophobic host; crosslinking molecules of the guest with the guest; and performing a hydrolysis reaction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel modular methods for generating a diversity of N-glycans of high mannose, hybrid and complex types. The present disclosure also relates to exemplary arrays of the synthesized N-glycans spotted onto aluminium oxide coated slides. These arrays can be used to detect and analyze binding interactions between the synthesized N-glycans and glycan binding molecules, such as HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies. The present disclosure also relates to methods for identifying agents that bind to various types of molecules on the arrays and to defining the structural elements of the molecules on the arrays that bind to those agents. The arrays and methods provided herein may be used for general epitope identification, drug discovery and as analytical tools. The present disclosure also provides useful glycans and epitope determinants that are useful in detecting, diagnosing, recurrence monitoring and preventing pathological diseases such as HIV.

Abstract: Glycosaminoglycan esters, wherein at least part of the hydroxyl groups present on the N-acetylglucosamine residue are esterified with an apocarotenoid, their preparation, and their use in formulations for ophthalmic use are described.

Abstract: Ophthalmically therapeutic materials, such as liquid-containing compositions and polymeric drug delivery systems, include a therapeutic component that includes an Glucocorticoid Derivative which, upon delivery to the posterior segment of a mammalian eye, does not significantly diffuse to the anterior segment of said eye. Methods of making and using the present materials are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a thiol-group-containing polymer for preparing an implant for tissue augmentation, wherein the basis polymer is a polysaccharide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the a bismuth-based composition, particularly involving the use of bismuth ions, particularly the Bi+3 ion, for prevention and/or treatment of the haemolytic uremic syndrome, with the invention also relating to the use of a bismuth ion in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of an infection caused by a Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli strain, as well as to a method for preventing and/or treating the haemolytic uremic syndrome comprising administering bismuth ions to a patient in need thereof, and a method for inhibiting dissemination of the gene encoding virulence factors of a Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli strain in animals and humans.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a mercapto-modified biocompatible macromolecule derivative with a low degree of modification. The mercapto-modified biocompatible macromolecule derivative not only maintains the initial structure, physiological function and biocompatibility as much as possible, but also allows the preparation of the biocompatible macromolecule cross-linked material with a low degree of cross-linking through the effectively chemical cross-linking with the introduced mercapto group. The present invention further discloses a disulfide-bond cross-linked biocompatible macromolecule material with a very low degree of cross-linking.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of chondroitin sulphate, wherein N-acetyl-galactosamine residues sulphated at the 4- or 6-positions are present on the same polysaccharide chain.

Abstract: Methods of treating ocular disorders are disclosed, including: inserting an implant in eye tissue, using an instrument, such that an inlet portion of the implant is in an anterior chamber of an eye and an outlet portion of the implant is in a physiological outflow pathway; removing the instrument from the eye without removing the implant; and conducting fluid comprising a therapeutic substance through the implant and into the physiological outflow pathway. Another method includes inserting an instrument into a physiologic outflow pathway through which aqueous humor drains from an anterior chamber of an eye; separating first and second walls of tissues which comprise the physiologic outflow pathway by injecting a fluid comprising a drug from the instrument while the instrument remains in the physiologic outflow pathway; and withdrawing the instrument with said fluid remaining within the eye such that the drug has a therapeutic effect on the eye.

Abstract: Processes for the synthesis of lipochitooligosaccharides were developed. A fully acylated oligoglucosamine precursor is prepared and reacted with a glucosamine monomer that has an amine protecting phthaloyl group. With removal of the phthaloyl group, a fatty acid may be added on the terminal glucosamine unit, forming a lipochitooligosaccharide. The processes can be adapted for use on a commercial scale.

Abstract: The embodiments relate generally to medical devices and to methods of their manufacture. One aspect provides devices including chitosan fibers that are a free of chemical cross linking. Another aspect provides a method of manufacturing such devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ophthalmic viscoelastic device, comprising at least one viscoelastic polymer, wherein the at least one viscoelastic polymer is covalently bound to at least one phenolic compound. The invention also relates to a method for producing an ophthalmic viscoelastic device, in which at least one phenolic compound is covalently bound to at least one water-soluble, viscoelastic polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bonding product comprising at least the polysaccharides T1 and T2, characterized in that a) the monosaccharides from which the polysaccharides T1 and T2 are constructed are partially or completely bonded to each other alpha-1,4-glycosidically and b) at least one of the polysaccharides T1 and/or T2 comprises at least one amino group and c) T1 and T2 are chemically bonded to each other covalently by at least one linker Z and d) T1 and/or T2 carries m groups -(L-A), wherein A is an active pharmaceutical ingredient and/or a fluorescence label, L is a second linker, by which T1 and/or T2 is covalently bonded to A, and m is an integer, which is 0 or at least 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to FGF receptor-activating N-acyl octasaccharides having Formula (I), wherein: R1 is an O-alkyl group optionally replaced by one or more aryl or cycloalkyl groups, R2 is an OSO3? or hydroxyl group, R3 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or alkyl-cycloalkyl group, R4 is a disaccharide having Formula (II), R6 is a disaccharide having Formula (III), and R8 is a disaccharide having Formula (IV), where R5, R7, and R9 are OSO3? or hydroxyl groups. The invention further relates to the preparation of said octasaccharides and to the therapeutic use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for isolation and/or purification of immunoglobulins from a solution containing one or more immunoglobulins using a solid phase matrix represented by the formula: M-SP-L, wherein M is designates a matrix backbone, SP designates a spacer and L designates a substituted benzimidazole ligand.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a hyaluronic acid derivative having a crosslinking group(s) and a hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative having a hydrophobic group(s), wherein the hyaluronic acid derivative having a crosslinking group(s) is prepared by crosslinkage formation reaction in hyaluronic acid or a derivative thereof having a crosslinkable group(s) in the presence of the hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative wherein the hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative may have a crosslinkable group(s).

Abstract: An anion adsorbent of an embodiment includes a support and a triazine hydrochloride structure that is bound to the support.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for treating a dental disorder in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a modified hyaluronan or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein said hyaluronan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester comprises at least one sulfate group and the primary C-6 hydroxyl proton of at least one N-acetyl-glucosamine residue is substituted with a C1-C10 unsubstituted alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound which is a polysaccharide derivative of EPO, or of an EPO like protein, wherein the polysaccharide is anionic and comprises between 2 and 200 saccharide units. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel compounds, and methods for making the novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides an immunomodulatory compound comprising a carbohydrate polymer comprising mannose, wherein the carbohydrate polymer is conjugated to at least one immune modulator. The present invention also provides for the use of this compound in immunomodulatory compositions for vaccination and gene therapy methods, together with processes for its preparation.

Abstract: Disclosed are chemically modified hyaluronic acid (HA) derivatives containing hydrazido groups directly linked to the glucuronic acid residues of HA. Said hydrazido groups are used to obtain crosslinked and labeled HA derivatives. The invention further relates to methods of preparation of said HA derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed are mutants of galactosyltransferases that can catalyze formation of oligosaccharides in the presence of magnesium; mutants of galactosyltransferases having altered donor and acceptor specificity which can catalyze formation of oligosaccharides in the presence of magnesium; methods and compositions that can be used to synthesize oligosaccharides; methods for increasing the immunogenicity of an antigen; and methods to stabilize platelets.

Abstract: A low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid and/or its salt is obtained by dispersing hyaluronic acid and/or its salt in an acidic water-containing medium.

Abstract: Preparation and use of synthetic monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides and pentasaccharides useful for the preparation of synthetic heparinoids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glycogen-based cationic polymers, to complexes of the said cationic polymers with anionic compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the said complexes, and to the use of the said complexes for delivering or transfecting the said anionic compounds to a specific pharmacological target, such as, for instance an organ, a tissue or a cell.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for the synthesis of the Factor Xa anticoagulant fondaparinux and related compounds. Protected pentasaccharide intermediates and efficient and scalable processes for the industrial scale production of fondaparinux sodium by conversion of the protected pentasaccharide intermediates via a sequence of deprotection and sulfonation reactions are provided.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to new plant elicitor compositions, and the use of these compositions in agricultural applications, more particularly to protect plants against (infection by) plant pathogens and the corresponding methods of, and uses in, the protection of plants and crops by application of these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing tumor-selective targeted inhibitor glycoconjugates. These bioconjugates are ALK5 inhibitors covalently bound to biocompatible carrier molecules which selectively target and specifically bind to Muc4 that is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types. The ALK5 inhibitors are conjugated to tumor targetable glycans through a covalent linker. Preferably the acid-labile linker is designed to be stable in plasma and releases pharmacologically active inhibitors through acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in the acidic environment of the target tumor where the inhibitor activity is restored. Because the glycoconjugates are stable at physiological pH and in plasma, they advantageously reduce undesirable systemic ALK5 inhibitor activity; however, the preferable glycoconjugates are acid-labile conjugates that can be hydrolyzed upon reaching the more acid environment of the tumor.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to soluble beta-glucan compositions and method of using such compositions. In one aspect, an adjuvant for a pharmaceutical composition is described which includes a soluble beta-glucan and a TLR agonist, each in an amount that, in combination with the other, is effective to increase a subject's immune response to an antigen. In another aspect, compositions that generally include an antigen component, a soluble beta-glucan component, and a TLR agonist component and a method that generally includes administering to a subject a composition that comprises a soluble beta-glucan and a TLR agonist, each in an amount that, in combination with the other, is effective to increase a subject's immune response to an antigen, are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are saccharide and phosphocholine derivatives. The derivatives include azide and alkyne derivatives which form one end of a variable length carbon chain. The opposite end of the variable length carbon chain is covalently linked to the saccharide or phosphocholine. The saccharide may be, for instance, a maltoside. The alkyne and azide derivatives of the saccharides and phosphocholine may be reacted together to form amphiphilic molecules useful in cellular membrane studies and applications. By adjusting the length of the carbon chain, the biochemical and biophysical properties of the resultant 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds may be custom tailored for the intended application. Resultant molecules may form micelles, bicelle, lipid bilayers and other like structures useful in the isolation and purification of membrane bound or membrane associated proteins and biochemical components.

Abstract: Organo-soluble chitosan salts, method for preparing organo-soluble salts, chitosan-derived materials prepared with organo-soluble chitosan salts, and methods for preparing chitosan-derived materials are disclosed.

Abstract: A diagnostic marker for digestive organ cancer according to the present invention is used for determining whether or not to have a digestive organ cancer. The diagnostic marker for digestive organ cancer contains at least one of N-binding type sugar chains released from a glycoprotein contained in blood and represented by the following formulas (1) to (6). This makes it possible to provide a diagnostic marker for digestive organ cancer capable of being used for an inspection method of easily determining whether or not to have a digestive organ cancer at an early stage, and an inspection method for digestive organ cancer of easily determining whether or not to have a digestive organ cancer at an early stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a cationic hydroxypropyl cellulose including the step of reacting a low-crystalline powdery cellulose with a cationizing agent represented by the following general formula (1) and/or a cationizing agent represented by the following general formula (2), and propylene oxide in the presence of water in an amount of from 10 to 60% by mass on the basis of the low-crystalline powdery cellulose, and a catalyst: wherein R1 to R3 are each independently a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and X and Z are each a halogen atom and may be the same or different from each other.

Abstract: A nanoparticle of glucidamin derived from organism for treating tumor and preparation method thereof, wherein the viscosity-average molecular weight of glucidamin is in the range of 1×103-9×105, and the amount of free amino groups in the glucidamin is in the range of 50%-100% based on the total amino groups. The preparation method of the nanoparticle comprises steps listed below: (1) adding the glucidamin possessing one or more molecular weight into thin acid solution at 20-60° C. to form saccharan solution, wherein the content of saccharan in solution is in the range of 0.1%-5% by weight; (2) adjusting the pH of the solution to 6-9 in order to form emulsion of microparticle; (3) separating the microparticle from the emulsion, dried at low temperature to obtain the nanoparticle of glucidamin for treating tumor. The nano-class glucidamin can enhance their activity against tumor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a complex based on an organic silicon derivative. The invention is characterized in that said derivative is combined, by weak bonds, with one or several hyaluronic acid calibrated fragments of molecular weight comprised between 150 and 750 kDa, said derivative being of general formula (I): RxSi(OH)4-x, (I) wherein: R is a (C1-C4)alkyl, and x=1 or 2. The invention also concerns the use of such a complex in the prevention or the repair of cutaneous damages.

Abstract: Disclosed is a depolymerized glycosaminoglycan from Thelenota ananas (dTHG), weight average molecular weight of which is about 8000˜20000 Da, and monosaccharide components of which are acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), glucuronic acid (GlcUA), fucose (Fuc) or their sulfates (expressed as —OSO3?), in which molar ratio of GalNAc:GlcUA:Fuc:—OSO3? is about 1:(1±0.3):(1±0.3):(3.5±0.5). Said dTHG is a potent endogenous inhibitor of factor X, which has good anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity, and can be used for the prevention and/or treatment of thrombotic diseases. Also provided is a method for preparing said dTHG, which comprises steps of 1) extracting and obtaining fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (THG) from the body wall of Thelenota ananas; 2) depolymerizing THG to obtain dTHG by method of peroxide depolymerization or method of peroxide depolymerization catalyzed by catalyst of the fourth period transition metal ions; 3) removing impurities with lower and/or higher molecular weight in dTHG.

Abstract: A 1,2-dideoxy-1,2-diamino oligosaccharide or polysaccharide in its free base, salt or metal-complex form as shown in General Formula 1 and derivative thereof is described. R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and a carbohydrate moiety, with the proviso that at least one of the groups R1, R2 or R3 is a carbohydrate moiety; R4 is selected from the group consisting of: H, optionally substituted C1-20-alkyl, optionally substituted heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C2-20-alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-20-alkynyl, optionally substituted C3-10-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl, and optionally substituted heteroaryl.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to conjugates for targeting bacteria and related uses. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods of transferring a molecule of interest into bacteria comprising mixing bacteria with a non-naturally occurring conjugate under conditions such that the conjugate is transported across the bacterial cell wall. Typically, the conjugate comprises an oligosaccharide and a molecule of interest. In certain embodiments, the molecule of interest may be a tracer or an antibiotic.