Comminuting Patents (Class 536/86)
  • Patent number: 10767023
    Abstract: There are provided a porous water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether having an average pore size of 36 ?m or smaller and an average particle size of from 30 to 300 ?m; and a method for continuously producing said cellulose ether comprising the steps of: pulverizing a first water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether to obtain a first pulverized product, and sieving the pulverized product through a sieve having an opening of from 40 to 400 ?m to obtain a first residue-on-sieve and a first sieve-passing fraction, wherein a portion or all of the first residue-on-sieve containing particles having particle sizes smaller than and greater than the opening of the sieve is re-pulverized together with a second water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether in the step of pulverizing to obtain a second pulverized product, which is pulverized to obtain the cellulose ether as a second sieve-passing fraction containing the re-pulverized particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2016
    Date of Patent: September 8, 2020
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., LTD.
    Inventor: Mitsuo Narita
  • Patent number: 10577432
    Abstract: Provided is a method of making methylcellulose-type ether in powder form, said method comprising (a) providing a solution of said methylcellulose-type ether in water, and (b) then separating said methylcellulose-type ether from said water to produce dried methylcellulose-type ether, with the proviso that either (i) step (b) produces said methylcellulose-type ether in powder form, or (ii) after step (b), said method additionally comprises a step (c) of subjecting said dried methylcellulose-type ether to mechanical stress to produce said methylcellulose-type ether in powder form.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 26, 2016
    Date of Patent: March 3, 2020
    Assignee: Dow Global Technologies LLC
    Inventors: Roland Adden, Tirtha Chatterjee, Matthias Knarr, Meinolf Brackhagen
  • Patent number: 10532029
    Abstract: Provided are an alkyl cellulose excellent in formability when added even in a small amount and not causing marked delay in disintegration; a solid preparation comprising it; and a method for producing the solid preparation. More specifically, provided are an alkyl cellulose for use in tableting, the alkyl cellulose having a specific surface area of from 0.5 to 10.0 m2/g as measured by BET method and a solid preparation comprising the alkyl cellulose. Also provided is a method for producing the alkyl cellulose, comprising the steps of: bringing pulp into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide solution to obtain alkali cellulose, reacting the alkali cellulose with an etherifying agent to obtain a first alkyl cellulose, pulverizing the first alkyl cellulose, and depolymerizing the pulverized first alkyl cellulose through hydrolysis with an acid catalyst or through oxidative decomposition with an oxidant to obtain a second alkyl cellulose.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 27, 2018
    Date of Patent: January 14, 2020
    Assignee: SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Takuya Yokosawa, Naosuke Maruyama
  • Patent number: 9713593
    Abstract: Provided is an alkyl cellulose excellent in formability when added even in a small amount and not causing marked delay in disintegration; a solid preparation including it; and a method for producing the solid preparation. More specifically, provided is an alkyl cellulose for use in tableting, the alkyl cellulose having a specific surface area of from 0.5 to 10.0 m2/g as measured by BET method and a solid preparation including the alkyl cellulose. Also provided is a method for producing the alkyl cellulose, including the steps of: bringing pulp into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide solution to obtain alkali cellulose, reacting the alkali cellulose with an etherifying agent to obtain a first alkyl cellulose, pulverizing the first alkyl cellulose, and depolymerizing the pulverized first alkyl cellulose through hydrolysis with an acid catalyst or through oxidative decomposition with an oxidant to obtain a second alkyl cellulose.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 12, 2015
    Date of Patent: July 25, 2017
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Takuya Yokosawa, Naosuke Maruyama
  • Patent number: 9295712
    Abstract: A flowable or spoonable medicament, food, food ingredient or food supplement is useful for inducing satiety. It comprises a protein and a methylcellulose (MC), wherein the weight ratio w(protein)/w(MC) is at least 0.7/1.0 and the methylcellulose has anhydroglucose units joined by 1-4 linkages wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is 0.36 or less, wherein s23 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups and wherein s26 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 11, 2012
    Date of Patent: March 29, 2016
    Inventors: Britta Huebner-Keese, Matthias Knarr, Roland Adden, Robert L. Sammler, Anne Adden
  • Publication number: 20150005486
    Abstract: Provided is a water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether excellent in storage stability. More specifically, provided is a method for producing a water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether including an etherification step of reacting an alkali cellulose with an etherifying agent to obtain a crude cellulose ether, a washing step of washing the crude cellulose ether to obtain a washed cellulose ether, a drying step of drying the washed cellulose ether, and a grinding step of grinding the cellulose ether during or after the drying, wherein during the washing step or in any of the steps after the washing step, a pH regulator is mixed so as to allow an aqueous 2% by weight solution of the cellulose ether as an end product to have a pH value of from 7.0 to 10.5.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 16, 2014
    Publication date: January 1, 2015
    Inventor: Mitsuo Narita
  • Patent number: 8916700
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for selectively producing a cellulose ether derivative with a very high reaction efficiency of an organohalide compound. There is provided a process for producing a cellulose ether derivative such as carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose in which a low-crystalline powdery cellulose having a crystallinity of 50% or less is reacted with an organohalide compound such as ethylene chlorohydrin, a monohaloacetic acid and a salt of the monohaloacetic acid in the presence of a base.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 11, 2008
    Date of Patent: December 23, 2014
    Assignee: Kao Corporation
    Inventors: Munehisa Okutsu, Takeshi Ihara
  • Patent number: 8822675
    Abstract: Provided is nonionic and excellently stable low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose having improved compressibility and flowability, and further having improved disintegration and texture in oral cavity. More specifically provided is low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose having a crystallinity of 60% or less, a degree of hydroxypropoxyl substitution of 5 to 9% by weight, and an aspect ratio of less than 2.5, wherein the crystallinity is calculated based on a diffraction intensity by wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement according to the following formula (1): Crystallinity(%)={(Ic?Ia)/Ic}×100??(1) wherein Ic means a diffraction intensity at a diffraction angle 2? of 22.5° and Ia means a diffraction intensity at a diffraction angle 2? of 18.5°.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 2011
    Date of Patent: September 2, 2014
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Naosuke Maruyama, Yasuyuki Hirama
  • Patent number: 8519120
    Abstract: Provided are a low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose powder having high compressibility, good flowability and excellent disintegration, and a method for producing the same. More specifically, provided is a method for producing a low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose powder having a molar substitution number per anhydrous glucose unit of 0.05 to 1.0, which is insoluble in water and swollenable by absorbing water, comprising the steps of: adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to powdered pulp in such a manner that weight ratio of sodium hydroxide with respect to anhydrous cellulose is 0.1 to 0.3 so as to produce alkali cellulose; etherifying the obtained alkali cellulose to obtain a crude product; neutralizing the sodium hydroxide contained in the obtained crude reaction product; washing the resultant; drying; and pulverizing using by compaction-grinding.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 1, 2007
    Date of Patent: August 27, 2013
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Naosuke Maruyama, Hiroshi Umezawa
  • Patent number: 8173799
    Abstract: A composition of a loose mass of comminuted raw cotton linter fibers has a bulk density of at least 8 g/100 ml and at least 50% of the fibers in the mass passes through a US standard sieve size #10 (2 mm opening). This composition is made by obtaining a loose mass of first cut, second cut, third cut, or mill runs raw cotton linters or mixtures thereof and comminuting the loose mass of raw cotton linters to a size wherein at least 50% pass through a US standard sieve size #10 (2 mm opening). This composition is used to make cellulose ether derivatives.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 2004
    Date of Patent: May 8, 2012
    Assignee: Hercules Incorporated
    Inventors: Paul C Gillette, Thomas G. Majewicz, Arjun C. Sau
  • Patent number: 8138331
    Abstract: A description is given of glyoxal-treated polysaccharide derivatives which, to decrease the unbound glyoxal, are treated with an aqueous solution of one or more water-soluble aluminium salts, or one or more water-soluble borates, or a combination of one or more water-soluble aluminium salts and one or more water-soluble borates, and, if appropriate, with suitable buffer substances to set the pH, and then dried. A description is likewise given of a process for decreasing the content of unbound glyoxal in glyoxal-treated polysaccharide derivatives.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 1, 2006
    Date of Patent: March 20, 2012
    Assignee: Dow Global Technologies LLC
    Inventors: Meinolf Brackhagen, Hartwig Schlesiger
  • Publication number: 20110113989
    Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC) and the use thereof in mineral-bound building material systems, preferably in gypsum-bound building material systems, particularly preferably in gypsum machine plaster.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 15, 2008
    Publication date: May 19, 2011
    Inventors: Meinolf Brackhagen, Grit Grote, Martin Kowollik, Hartwig Schlesiger
  • Publication number: 20080207893
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for grinding cellulose ether comprising the steps of: a) grinding a cellulose ether comprising 20 to 90 wt % of water, based on the total weight of cellulose ether and water, and a cationic surfactant in a mill; and b) optionally drying the mixture while grinding, prior to or following the step of grinding.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 9, 2006
    Publication date: August 28, 2008
    Inventors: Lars Erik Berglund, Birgit Tora Gunvor Karlsson
  • Patent number: 7351422
    Abstract: Proposed is a novel soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber capable of absorbing and readily dissolving hemorrhaging trauma loci when applied thereto and of promoting the hemostatic action of blood platelets and fibrin and cell adhesion to the trauma site. The coagulation protein-containing soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber is produced in that after treatment of a natural or regenerated cellulose fiber with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, said fiber is carboxymethylated by reaction with a monochloro acetic acid solution for a given time (hours) in such a manner that the degree of partial substitution of the glucose units constituting the cellulose molecule (etherification degree) is 0.5-less than 1.0% and that, furthermore, the coagulation proteins fibrinogen, thrombin, and coagulation factor XIII are imparted by surface application or chemical bonding.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 2001
    Date of Patent: April 1, 2008
    Assignee: Hogy Medical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yoshio Jo, Motonori Aoshima, Koji Tanabe, Koichi Matsushita, Toshiki Inoue
  • Publication number: 20080039621
    Abstract: Provided are a low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose powder having high compressibility, good flowability and excellent disintegration, and a method for producing the same. More specifically, provided is a method for producing a low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose powder having a molar substitution number per anhydrous glucose unit of 0.05 to 1.0, which is insoluble in water and swollenable by absorbing water, comprising the steps of: adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to powdered pulp in such a manner that weight ratio of sodium hydroxide with respect to anhydrous cellulose is 0.1 to 0.3 so as to produce alkali cellulose; etherifying the obtained alkali cellulose to obtain a crude product; neutralizing the sodium hydroxide contained in the obtained crude reaction product; washing the resultant; drying; and pulverizing using by compaction-grinding.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 1, 2007
    Publication date: February 14, 2008
    Inventors: Naosuke Maruyama, Hiroshi Umezawa
  • Patent number: 7022837
    Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that the solution rheology of cellulose ethers prepared from cellulose pulp is altered by mercerizing and recovering cellulose pulp before preparing the cellulose ethers. For example, the solution viscosity of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produced from mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp is significantly greater than that produced from non-mercerized cellulose pulp. The present invention provides a method of preparing cellulose ethers comprising the steps of (a) obtaining mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp, and (b) converting the mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp into the cellulose ethers. According to one embodiment, the cellulose pulp is southern softwood kraft and the mercerized cellulose pulp has a TAPPI 230 om-89 viscosity of at most 12 cP. This method, however, may be applied to all cellulose pulps, regardless of their viscosities, including those which, when mercerized, have a viscosity greater than 12 cP.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 31, 2001
    Date of Patent: April 4, 2006
    Assignee: BKI Holding Corporation
    Inventors: Roger Bruce Harding, Susan L. H. Crenshaw, Paul Eugene Gregory, Denise Hartnett Broughton
  • Patent number: 6943247
    Abstract: Described is a building material composition prepared from or having added thereto a particulate material selected from particulate polysaccharides or particulate polysaccharide derivatives. The particulate material of the building material composition is prepared by a method comprising: (a) forming a feed composition comprising a member selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides and polysaccharide derivatives, and 35 wt. % to 99 wt. % of water, based on the total weight of the feed composition, wherein said member is at least one of swelled and dissolved in the feed composition; (b) contacting, in a mill, the feed composition with a gas stream, thereby converting simultaneously the water of said feed composition into water vapor, and said member of said feed composition into a solid state form of finely particulate material; (c) separating the particulate material from the gas stream; and (d) optionally drying the particulate material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 2001
    Date of Patent: September 13, 2005
    Assignee: Wolff Walsrode AG
    Inventors: René Kiesewetter, Hartwig Schlesiger, Martin Morning, Gunter Weber, Werner Lange
  • Patent number: 6914139
    Abstract: In a cellulose acylate solution, cellulose acylate is dissolved in an essentially non-chlorinated solvent. The essentially non-chlorinated solvent is a mixture of a ketone having a solubility parameter of 19 to 21 and an ester having a solubility parameter of 19 to 21. The solution further contains a releasing agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 2001
    Date of Patent: July 5, 2005
    Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yasuo Mukunoki, Tsukasa Yamada
  • Patent number: 6849729
    Abstract: Provided is a cellulose polymer having a water retention property, and good feeling upon use when applied to the skin and being suitably used as a carrier. More specifically, provided is a low-substituted cellulose ether powder comprising primary particles wherein at least 95% by weight of the primary particles have an aspect ratio of 1.0 to 1.5. Also provided is a production process of a low-substituted cellulose ether powder having a molar substitution degree of 0.05 to 1.0, comprising, during or after the addition of an acid to an alkali solution of low-substituted cellulose ether to neutralize the solution, triturating a resulting mixture; and spray-drying a resulting dispersion. Further provided is a production process of a low-substituted cellulose ether powder having a molar substitution degree of 0.05 to 1.0, comprising shear-triturating a low-substituted cellulose ether powder in water so as to swell-disperse the powder and spray-drying a resulting dispersion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 27, 2003
    Date of Patent: February 1, 2005
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventor: Sakae Obara
  • Publication number: 20040158057
    Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that the solution rheology of cellulose ethers prepared from cellulose pulp is altered by mercerizing and recovering cellulose pulp before preparing the cellulose ethers. For example, the solution viscosity of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produced from mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp is significantly greater than that produced from non-mercerized cellulose pulp. The present invention provides a method of preparing cellulose ethers comprising the steps of (a) obtaining mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp, and (b) converting the mercerized and recovered cellulose pulp into the cellulose ethers. The mercerized cellulose pulp is typically substantially free of cellulose III. Mercerized cellulose pulp prepared by this method has a greater percentage of crystalline cellulose II and a smaller crystalline area than that of non-mercerized cellulose pulp.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 24, 2003
    Publication date: August 12, 2004
    Applicant: BKI Holding Corporation
    Inventors: Roger Bruce Harding, Susan L.H. Crenshaw, Paul Eugene Gregory, Denise Hartnett Broughton
  • Publication number: 20030166918
    Abstract: Provided is a cellulose polymer having a water retention property, and good feeling upon use when applied to the skin and being suitably used as a carrier. More specifically, provided is a low-substituted cellulose ether powder comprising primary particles wherein at least 95% by weight of the primary particles have an aspect ratio of 1.0 to 1.5. Also provided is a production process of a low-substituted cellulose ether powder having a molar substitution degree of 0.05 to 1.0, comprising, during or after the addition of an acid to an alkali solution of low-substituted cellulose ether to neutralize the solution, triturating a resulting mixture; and spray-drying a resulting dispersion. Further provided is a production process of a low-substituted cellulose ether powder having a molar substitution degree of 0.05 to 1.0, comprising shear-triturating a low-substituted cellulose ether powder in water so as to swell-disperse the powder and spray-drying a resulting dispersion.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 27, 2003
    Publication date: September 4, 2003
    Inventor: Sakae Obara
  • Publication number: 20010034441
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a new, particularly economical process for producing particulate water-soluble cellulose derivatives. The process involves forming a feed composition of swollen and/or dissolved cellulose derivative, and water. The feed composition is contacted with a carrier and heat exchange gas, in a sieve-free high rotational speed gas jet impact mill, and the cellulose derivative of the feed composition is converted into a solid state form of finely particulate particles. The particulate cellulose derivative is then separated from the heat exchange gas and carrier gas, and optionally dried. The mill drying and the particulate cellulose derivative product are influenced by establishing a specific water content in the swollen and/or dissolved cellulose derivative.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 16, 2001
    Publication date: October 25, 2001
    Inventors: Hartwig Schlesiger, Martin Morning, Gunter Weber, Rene Kiesewetter, Rudolf Lelgemann
  • Patent number: 6294008
    Abstract: Disclosed is a cellulose ether composition having a low molecular weight cellulose ether of a viscosity of about 200 centipoise or less in a two percent aqueous solution at 20° C. The composition has a sodium chloride content of about 0.3 weight percent or less based upon the weight of the cellulose ether. The composition exhibits significantly reduced haze formation when in capsule form. Also disclosed is a process for making the composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 21, 1999
    Date of Patent: September 25, 2001
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Colin M. Keary, Gary J. Schulz
  • Publication number: 20010007028
    Abstract: There is a process for making a cellulose ether. The process comprises the following: a) alkalyzing a cellulose pulp; b) etherifying the alkalyzed cellulose pulp to form a cellulose ether; c) washing the cellulose ether; d) drying the cellulose ether; e) milling the cellulose ether to a particulate form; f) heating the particulate cellulose ether; g) tumbling the particulate cellulose ether while simultaneously contacting it with an acid to partially depolymerize it to a lower molecular weight; h) partially or substantially neutralizing the acid. There is also an apparatus for making the cellulose ether.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 1, 1998
    Publication date: July 5, 2001
    Inventor: GARY J. SCHULZ
  • Patent number: 6235893
    Abstract: According to the present invention, there is a methylcellulose having a methoxy substitution of about 21 to about 42 percent based upon the weight of the cellulose ether and elastic modulus (EM) of EM≧181.3×(v0.2711) wherein “v” is viscosity of a two percent solution of the cellulose ether at 20° C. Further described is a process for making the cellulose ether, a food composition containing it, and a pharmaceutical capsule containing it.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 1, 1999
    Date of Patent: May 22, 2001
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Kenneth C. Reibert, Jerry R. Conklin
  • Patent number: 5589589
    Abstract: A process and apparatus for screening cellulose ethers which have a finely fibrous or wad-like or woolly structure, wherein the process comprises the following steps:a) applying the cellulose ether (material to be screened) to a sieve surface,b) dividing the material to be screened into an screenable portion (acceptable size material or material passing through the sieve) and a circulating portion (oversize material or sieve surface tailings) with the aid of an agitated (preferably vibrating and/or tumbling) sieve surface,c) flushing through the agitated sieve surface from below, generally perpendicularly to the sieve surface, with an air flow,d) discharging (recovering) the acceptable size material, ande) discharging the circulating portion from the sieving system.The air flow inhibits clogging or plugging of or matting upon the sieve surface and is preferably directed upward by slit nozzles arranged below the sieve surface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 11, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 31, 1996
    Assignee: Hoechst AG
    Inventors: Manfred Sponheimer, Guenther Welt, Manfred Ziegelmayer
  • Patent number: 5488104
    Abstract: This invention is a process for comminuting a cellulose ether which comprises extruding a hydrated cellulose ether through a plurality of orifices, each orifice having a cross-sectional area of from about 7.5.times.10.sup.-9 m.sup.2 to about 1.times.10.sup.-6 m.sup.2, to form an elongated extrudate, and then cutting the elongated extrudate to desired length. The high density cellulose ether product is typically cold water dispersible, non-dusty, and free flowing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 30, 1996
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Gary J. Schulz
  • Patent number: 5463036
    Abstract: The present invention relates to carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) having a lower degree of substitution and to its use in textile printing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 31, 1995
    Assignee: Wolff Walsrode Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Reinhard Kniewske, Rene Kiesewetter, Eugen Reinhardt, Klaus Szablikowski
  • Patent number: 5328905
    Abstract: New 8,9-annelated-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-.beta.-carboline derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.7 are as defined herein; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof. A method of dissolving blood clots using this compound and a pharmaceutical composition having fibrinolytic activity comprising this compound are also part of the present invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 12, 1994
    Assignee: Duphar International Research B.V.
    Inventors: Derk Hamminga, Ineke van Wijngaarden, Johannes W. C. M. Jansen
  • Patent number: 4997935
    Abstract: A modified cellulose for biocompatible dialysis membranes having a structure represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein cell is cellulose or chitin, in each case without hydroxyl groups, s=3 in the case of cellulose and s=2 in the case of chitin, R' is CH.sub.3 and/or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and/or C.sub.3 H.sub.7, X denotes specified functional groups, R" is H or R, R"' denotes R, x+t=0.75 to 2.85, t=0 to 2.85, x=0 to 2.85, and r=0 to 1. A process for preparation of the cellulose derivatives is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 27, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 5, 1991
    Assignee: Akzo N.V.
    Inventor: Michael Diamantoglou
  • Patent number: 4981960
    Abstract: A modified cellulose for biocompatible dialysis membranes having a structure represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Cell is cellulose or chitin, in each case without hydroxyl groups, s=3 in the case of cellulose and s=2 in the case of chitin, R' is CH.sub.3 and/or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and/or C.sub.3 H.sub.7, X denotes specified functional groups, R" is H or R, Z corresponds to the following groups of atoms: SR", SO.sub.3 H and salts thereof, SO-R, SONR".sub.2, SO.sub.2 -R, SO.sub.2 NR".sub.2, SO.sub.2 H and salts thereof, F, Cl, Br, I, NR".sub.2, PR".sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 and salts thereof, PO.sub.2 H(OR), PO(OR).sub.2, PO.sub.2 HR" and salts thereof, POR"(OR) and POR".sub.2, x+t=0.75 to 2.85, t=0 to 2.85, x=0 to 2.85, and z=0.01 to 0.45. A process for preparation of the cellulose derivatives is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 27, 1989
    Date of Patent: January 1, 1991
    Assignee: Akzo N.V.
    Inventor: Michael Diamantoglou
  • Patent number: 4981959
    Abstract: A modified cellulose for biocompatible dialysis membranes having a structure represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein cell is unmodified cellulose or chitin, in each case without hydroxyl groups, s=3 in the case of cellulose and s=2 in the case of chitin, R' is CH.sub.3 and/or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and/or C.sub.3 H.sub.7, X denotes specified functional groups, m=0.75 to 2.85, and x=0.005 to 2.10. A process for preparation of the cellulose derivatives is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 27, 1989
    Date of Patent: January 1, 1991
    Assignee: Akzo N.V.
    Inventor: Michael Diamantoglou
  • Patent number: 4820813
    Abstract: High viscosity cellulose ether products are produced by grinding a substantially dry high molecular weight cellulose ether under conditions of mild mechanical impact such as those encountered in a high speed air swept impact mill. It has been found that such a cellulose ether product has several times the intrinsic viscosity of a product of substantially equivalent particle size by ball mill or hammer mill grinding.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1988
    Date of Patent: April 11, 1989
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Gary J. Schulz
  • Patent number: 4689408
    Abstract: Disclosed are novel sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) which are substantially nonfibrous, have a degree of substitution (D.S.) of 0.2 to 0.9 and an absorbency of at least 25 g. liquid/g. the novel CMC material, and are prepared from a cellulose furnish having a degree of polymerization (D.P.) of greater than 1,000; and to processes for preparing same. Owing to their high absorbency properties, they are particularly useful in the manufacture of disposable nonwoven products, such as adult incontinence pads, feminine hygiene products, disposable diapers and surgical dressings.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 7, 1986
    Date of Patent: August 25, 1987
    Assignee: Hercules Incorporated
    Inventors: Robert A. Gelman, Eleanor C. Hawkins
  • Patent number: 4507473
    Abstract: A continuous process for the granulation of alcohol- and water-moist carboxymethyl cellulose (CM) produced by standard methods, wherein the CMC still moist with adhering aqueous alcohol is continuously introduced into a stirring unit, of which the length-to-diameter ratio is greater than 1 and of which the radial stirring elements are mounted on a shaft extending longitudinally in the stirring unit, and is taken up by the stirring elements, which rotate at a peripheral speed of at least 2 m/sec, being percussively size-reduced, and at the same time is brought into contact with steam flowing in countercurrent, and after a residence time of at least 1 minute, is discharged from the stirring unit and dried in the usual way.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1984
    Date of Patent: March 26, 1985
    Assignee: Wolff Walsrode Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Claus-Rudiger Bernert, Hans-Gert Kirchner, Reinhard Nader
  • Patent number: 4439333
    Abstract: Polymeric compositions for, and methods of, increasing the viscosity of aqueous brine well servicing fluids comprising adding to the brine a composition containing hydroxyethyl cellulose, a solid organic activating agent for the hydroxyethyl cellulose, and a solvent for the activating agent which also functions as a suspending medium or carrier for the hydroxyethyl cellulose.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 8, 1981
    Date of Patent: March 27, 1984
    Assignee: NL Industries, Inc.
    Inventors: Roy F. House, Lonnie D. Hoover
  • Patent number: 4415124
    Abstract: A method for the production of micropowders from cellulose ethers or cellulose comprising(a) subjecting a cellulose ether or a cellulose having a fine-fiber, cottony or woolly structure to a consolidation or embrittlement sufficient whereby in one mill pass through a jet mill under standard conditions 98% by weight of the consolidated or embrittled material charged is recovered as a powder of less than 100.mu., and(b) subjecting the consolidated or embrittled material to a grinding step producing a size reduction sufficient that a grain size distribution with at least 90% by weight of less than 125.mu. is attained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1981
    Date of Patent: November 15, 1983
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
    Inventors: Franz-Josef Carduck, Wilfried Rahse, Willi Wust, Hans Pabel
  • Patent number: 4329451
    Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of colloidal size particles of a water-insoluble, polysaccharide derivative such as ethylcellulose is prepared by grinding the water-insoluble, polysaccharide derivative in the presence of water. A suspending agent is optionally employed to increase grinding efficiency and to form a stable suspension of the colloidal size particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 3, 1980
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1982
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Maurice L. Zweigle
  • Patent number: 4254258
    Abstract: There is disclosed an improved process for preparing cellulose ether derivatives which in pertinent part accomplishes this by providing for the uniform distribution of caustic and etherifying reagents over the exposed area of fiberized, never-dried, non-purified natural polysaccharide materials by fluidizing said materials while simultaneously contacting the material with said reagents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 28, 1979
    Date of Patent: March 3, 1981
    Assignee: Texas A & M University System
    Inventor: Donald F. Durso
  • Patent number: 4158634
    Abstract: Finely comminuted particles of a normally solid thermoplastic organic polymer, which is particularly useful as a toner base for electrostatic reproduction utilizing pressure fusing on the toner, is prepared by dissolving a polymer in a normally solid first solvent, cooling the resulting solution to form a friable solid, and removing the first solvent from the solid, preferably by extraction with a normally liquid, relatively volatile, second solvent in which the polymer is substantially insoluble. When using the process to make magnetic mono-component toners, powered magnetic material and/or carbon black or other pigment are added to the solution of polymer and first solvent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 23, 1977
    Date of Patent: June 19, 1979
    Assignee: Apeco Corporation
    Inventors: Luigi Amariti, John S. Juskey, Shapoor Azari, Thomas J. Kucera
  • Patent number: 4091205
    Abstract: In the process for the preparation of low-substituted cellulose ethers comprising the successive steps of etherification of alkali cellulose, neutralization of the crude cellulose ether, washing, drying and pulverization, the neutralization step is carried out in two stages, i.e., by first employing 5 to 80% of an acid stoichiometrically required and then adding an additional amount of the acid to complete neutralization. The cellulose ethers thus prepared can readily be pulverized into fine powder having a very good flowing property and yet an excellent binding force, and work as a suitable disintegrator in tablets.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 26, 1975
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1978
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yoshiro Onda, Hiroaki Muto, Hiroshi Suzuki
  • Patent number: 4076935
    Abstract: A method of reducing the particle size of cellulose compounds selected from the group consisting of cellulose and ether derivatives thereof which comprises grinding said compounds in a vibration mill in the presence of air and in the presence of sufficient water to yield a product having a water content of from 2 to 10% by weight, wherein at least 50% of the particles in the product have a particle size of 100 .mu. or less, a product obtained by said method and a binder composition containing said product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1975
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1978
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Franz Eichenseer, Dieter Steidl, Walter Muller
  • Patent number: 4044198
    Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in the method for the cold-milling of a cellulose derivative, in which the cellulose derivative is cooled by means of liquid nitrogen until it becomes brittle and the thus cooled cellulose derivative is milled in a mill, the improvement comprising cold-milling a cellulose derivative which is soluble or swellable in water and has a water content of between 40 and 150 percent by weight, based on its dry weight, and which is, at 20.degree. C, able to absorb, during swelling, more than 150 percent by weight of water, based on its dry weight.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 6, 1975
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1977
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Michael Kostrzewa, Arno Holst, Gerhard Buchberger