Abstract: An electrophoretic medium including a mixture of charge control agents, for example quaternary amine salts of polyisobutylene combined with quaternary amine salts of unsaturated monomers. The described electrophoretic medium exhibits improved color saturation as compared to similar electrophoretic media having only one of the charge control agents.

Abstract: An electrophoretic medium including a mixture of charge control agents, for example quaternary amine salts of polyisobutylene combined with quaternary amine salts of polyesters. The described electrophoretic medium exhibits improved color saturation as compared to similar electrophoretic media having only one of the charge control agents.

Abstract: Organic dyes that are covalently bonded multimers or higher order symmetrical structures where one or more dye units may optionally contain deuterium substitutions are disclosed. The disclosed dyes are particularly useful for optical coatings, new optical nanomaterials, high density storage devices. The structural and optical characteristics of the disclosed dyes provide avenues for increased information-content through surface-enhanced Raman resonance spectroscopy.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a color material with excellent dyeing property and excellent heat resistance, and a method for producing the color material, which is able to obtain the color material with high purity and at high yield. Disclosed is a color material represented by the following general formula (I): (symbols in the general formula (I) are as described in the Description.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for treating diseases and conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel ring containing phospholipids represented by the structural formula A-X—PO3—W and physiologically acceptable salts thereof and a process for the preparation of these compounds. The compounds can be used for the treatment of protozoal diseases and especially leishmaniasis.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral ionic liquids of the general formula [A]n+[Y]n?, whereby n=1 or 2, the anion [Y]n? is the anion of an organic or inorganic proton acid and the cation [A]+ an optically active organic ammonium cation with up to 50 carbon atoms, at least one chirality center and at least one functional group that can produce a coordination by forming hydrogen bridges or by providing free electron pairs. At least one chirality center is provided with a distance of up to 5 atomic bonds from the functional group. The invention also relates to a method for producing said chiral ionic liquids and to the use thereof in methods for the asymmetric synthesis, the asymmetric catalysis and for separating racemates.

Abstract: Couplers for hair coloring compositions for oxidative dyeing of hair are compounds of the formula (1): wherein X is selected from halogen and R5SO4 where the halogen is preferably Cl, Br or I; R, R1 and R2 are each individually selected from C1 to C22 alkyl and C1 to C22 mono or dihydroxyalkyl, or two of R, R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a C3 to C6 saturated or unsaturated ring optionally containing in the ring one or more additional hetero atoms selected from O, S and N atoms; R3 and R4 are each individually selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1 to C6 alkoxy, C1 to C6 aminoalkyl or R3 and R4 together form a C1 to C5 alkylene group; and R5 is selected from C1 to C22 alkyl and C1 to C22 mono or dihydroxyalkyl.

Abstract: Couplers for hair coloring compositions for oxidative dyeing of hair are compounds of the formula (1): wherein X is selected from halogen and R5SO4 where the halogen is preferably Cl, Br or I; R, R1 and R2 are each individually selected from C1 to C22 alkyl and C1 to C22 mono or dihydroxyalkyl, or two of R, R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a C3 to C6 saturated or unsaturated ring optionally containing in the ring one or more additional hetero atoms selected from O, S and N atoms; R3 and R 4 are each individually selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1 to C6 alkoxy, C1 to C6 aminoalkyl or R3 and R4 together form a C1 to C5 alkylene group; and R5 is selected from C1 to C22 alkyl and C1 to C22 mono or dihydroxyalkyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain salts of discodermolide acid, pharmaceutical compositions containing said salts, the use of said salts in treating tumors and to a process for making said salts.

Abstract: The invention provides various derivatives of arglabin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia glabella. These compounds are effective for suppressing tumor growth in mammals. A method of suppressing tumor growth in humans is also described.

Abstract: The invention provides various derivatives of arglabin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia glabella. These compounds are effective for suppressing tumor growth in mammals. A method of suppressing tumor growth in humans is also described.

Abstract: Novel tricyclic heterocyclic sulfonamide derivatives and sulfonic ester derivatives which have each an antitumor action and are represented by the following general formula (I) and processes for producing the same are provided. These compounds have each an excellent antitumor activity.A sulfonamide derivative or a sulfonic ester derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## {G represents an aromatic 5- or 6-membered ring; L represents 0 or --N(R.sup.1)-- (R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or lower alky); and M represents a tricyclic structure selected from among the following ones; ##STR2## ?rings A and B represent each an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring; X represents N(R.sup.2), (wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl), or NHCO;Y represents O, S(O).sub.n, C(R.sup.3)(R.sup.4), C(O), N(R.sup.5), CH(R.sup.6)CH(R.sup.7), C(R.sup.8).dbd.C(R.sup.9), N(R.sup.10)C(O), N.dbd.C(R.sup.11), OCH(R.sup.12), S(O).sub.n CH(R.sup.13) or N(R.sup.14)CH(R.sup.15);Z represents nitrogen or C(R.sup.

Abstract: Cationic compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is the radical of formula ##STR2## Q is a radical of formula ##STR3## and the benzene ring W, in addition to being substituted by R.sub.1, --OH and Q, may also be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, and whereinR.sub.0, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, n, Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3 and A.sup..crclbar. are as defined in claim 1, are suitable light stabilisers for photochemically stabilising basic dyeable polyamide fibre materials.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium halides are prepared in solid form by reacting an alkyl or aralkyl halide with ammonia or an amine in a liquefied gas as the solvent.

Abstract: Novel alkoxycarbonylalkylphospholipids, alkylaminocarbonylalkylphospholipids, processes for the preparation thereof, and methods for treating inflammation utilizing compounds or compositions thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing quaternary salts of high purity is disclosed, comprising reacting a tertiary amine or phosphine with a carbonic acid diester to form a corresponding quaternary carbonate and further mixing it with an acid to perform decarboxylation. The quaternary salts thus obtained are useful compounds which can be used in wide fields as various catalysts, electrolytes, additives, medicaments, etc.

Abstract: Fluorochemical surfactant compositions are provided. The compositions comprise a fluorochemical amine salt which can be represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroaliphatic radical containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, R is H or CH.sub.3, and R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The fluorochemical surfactant compositions are prepared by reacting at least one perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl fluoride having 3 to 20 alkyl carbon atoms, ethylene or propylene oxide, and at least one tertiary amine, (R.sup.1).sub.3 N wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and which may contain a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A composition comprising(a) a dianthraquinonyl pigment of formula I ##STR1## (b) a compound of formula II ##STR2## wherein X.sup..sym. is H.sup..sym. or a group of formula M.sup.n.sym. /n or N.sup..sym. (R)(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3), M.sup.n.sym. is a monovalent metal cation of valency n, n is 1, 2 or 3, each of R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, together with the linking nitrogen atom, are a pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, piperidine, piperazine or morpholine radical, or R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, together with the linking nitrogen atom, are a pyrrole, pyridine, picoline, pyrazine, quinoline or isoquinoline radical, r and t are each independently of the other 0 or 1, with the proviso that at least one of r and t must be 1.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium retinoate, characterized in that it corresponds to the formula: ##STR1## in which: X-- denotes either an all-trans-retinoate of formula (I): ##STR2## or a 13-cis= retinoate of formula: ##STR3## (i) R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, denote a saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 linear alkyl group capable of bearing one or more hydroxyl group(s) at the end of the chain or in the chain;R.sub.4 denotes a C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 linear alkenyl or alkyl group;(ii) R.sub.3 denotes a group: ##STR4## in which n equals 0 or 1, R.sub.5 denotes a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl, a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -hydroxyl alkyl or alkyl group or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.18 acyl group;R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 having the same meanings as those under (i);(iii) R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can form an aliphatic heterocycle optionally containing an oxygen atom, another nitrogen atom or a sulphur atom;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 having the same meanings as those under (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Acylphosphine compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where X is oxygen, sulfur or an electron pair, R.sup.1 is R.sub.4 or OR.sup.4, R.sup.2 is --OM, where M is a monovalent cation, R.sup.3 is aryl which is substituted at least at the two positions ortho to the carbonyl group, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl, are very effective photoinitiators for photopolymerizable materials, such as coating compositions, finishes, printing inks, unsaturated polyesters, recording media and preferably aqueous polymer dispersions or solutions.

Abstract: Glycerol derivatives, inclusive of salts thereof, of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkylcarbamoyl containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or, taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, form cyclic amino, and ##STR2## represents cyclic ammonio, and of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, R.sup.2' and R.sup.3' are C.sub.1-6 alkyl or, taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, form cyclic amino and R.sup.4', R.sup.5' and R.sup.6' are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, are useful as antihypertensive agents.

Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic-thio,-sulfinyl and -sulfonyl substituted bicycloaliphatic amic acid amine salts of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl, R' is alkylene optionally interrupted by --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## where R.sub.a is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is lower alkylene or --O--, n is 0-2, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, represented morpholino, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, or hydroxy lower alkyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, carboxy lower alkyl, sulfo lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, benzyl or together with R.sub.5 and the nitrogen to which they are attached represent morpholino, and R is hydrogen or methyl are provided. These salts applied in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions or emulsions are useful in rendering cellulosic and natural and synthetic polyamide materials oil and water repellent.

Abstract: A novel composition for inhibiting the growth of cereals comprising, as active ingredients,(a) at least one haloethylsulfone of the formula ##STR1## wherein Hal is halogen andR is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and(b) at least one compound selected from(i) (2-chloroethyl)-trimethylammonium compound of the formulaCl--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --N.sup..sym. (CH.sub.3).sub.3 A.sup..crclbar.(II)whereinA.sup..crclbar. is an equivalent of an anion of a non-phytotoxic acid,(ii) ammonium compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein X is --CH.sub.2 --, oxygen, sulfur or the groupingS.sup..sym. --CH.sub.3 A".sup..crclbar., andA'.sup..crclbar. is an equivalent of an anion of a non-phytotoxic acid, and(iii) sulfonium compound of the formula ##STR3## wherein Y is oxygen, sulfur or the groupingS.sup..sym. --CH.sub.2 A".sup..crclbar., andA".sup..crclbar. is an equivalent of an anion of a non-phytotoxic acid.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new .alpha.-phenoxy-thiolpropionic acids and salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen a metal cation or the cation of an amino- or ammonio-group, Z is a substituted phenyl or a substituted pyrid-2-yl radical.These compounds have herbicidal activity by themselves but can be used as intermediats for the synthesis of more active derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where B is a bridge member,the radicals R independently of one another are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or two radicals R together with the nitrogen are a heterocyclic saturated 5-membered or 6-membered ring,the radicals R.sup.1 independently of one another are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,the radicals R.sup.2 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or halogen,the radicals R.sup.3 independently of one another are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or together are an alkylene group, and X.crclbar. is an anion. The compounds of the formula I are particularly suitable for dyeing paper.

Abstract: This invention comprises new compounds and a composition for influencing, in particular for inhibiting, plant growth, which contains as active compound at least one quaternary ammonioalkancarboxylic acid anilide of the formula I ##STR1## wherein EACH OF R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 independently represents a hydrogen atom or any identical or different substituent,Each of R.sub.6 to R.sub.8 independently represents an identical or different radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, while two alkyl group together with the nitrogen atom can also form a saturated heterocyclic ring or three groups together can form an unsaturated heterocyclic ring a "alkylene" represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon bridge of 1 to 3 carbon atoms andX represents the anion of a non-phytotoxic acid HX.

Abstract: New and valuable salts of phosphonic acids whose cationic components are ammonium radicals, agents for influencing the growth of plants with these salts, and a process for their manufacture.

Abstract: New and valuable salts of phosphonic acids whose cationic components are ammonium radicals, agents for influencing the growth of plants with these salts, and a process for their manufacture.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein the groups CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 and CHR.sup.4 NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 may be the same or different and where the group CHR.sup.4 NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 is in either the 1 or the 3 position and R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aryl group;R.sup.2, r.sup.3, r.sup.5 and R.sup.6 which may be the same or different are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an aryl group both of which may in turn be substituted by one or more hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, dialkylamino or aryl groups or the groups --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 and/or NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 represent a heterocyclic ring containing one or more hetero atoms and which ring may optionally be substituted by an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group and in which either aromatic ring of the naphthalene nucleus may be further substituted; with the proviso that when R.sup.1, R.sup.4, R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 are hydrogen, then R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: High molecular weight N-hydrocarbyl-substituted quaternary ammonium salts in which the hydrocarbyl group has a molecular weight of from about 350-3000 such as a polybutene ammonium chloride are effective detergents and dispersants for gasoline and lubricating oils.