Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for the co-preparation of a polyetheramine and an alkylene amine mixture by aminating a liquid polyol initiator mixture comprising an alkoxylated alcohol and a solid high melting polyol. The polyetheramine and alkylene amine mixture may be used in a variety of applications, such as a curing agent for epoxy resin formulations or as a raw material in the synthesis of polyurea.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for polishing an insulating film of a semiconductor element, the method comprising polishing an insulating film, which is formed by embedding conductive patterns formed on a substrate, with a polishing slurry composition comprising a polishing agent including cerium oxide particles and an anionic dispersant, and a polishing additive composition comprising an anionic polymer, a cationic compound, a nonionic surfactant, a dishing inhibitor, and an amphoteric ionic compound, wherein the anionic polymer has a polymer distribution index (PDI) of 3.5 to 5.5, to remove a step associated with the insulating film.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining glycidol in a semi-continuous or continuous manner by decarboxylating glycerol carbonate at reduced pressure, at a temperature less than or equal to 130° C. and in the presence of alkoxide catalysts of alkaline metals and alkaline earth metals, metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, metal stannates and mixed metal stannates, all of which optionally supported via SiO2, ?-Al2O3, MgO and ZrO2.

Abstract: The instant invention provides for novel cationic lipids that can be used in combination with other lipid components such as cholesterol and PEG-lipids to form lipid nanoparticles with oligonucleotides. It is an object of the instant invention to provide a cationic lipid scaffold that is susceptible to hydrolytic instability that may translate into reduced liver residence times and reduced hepatocellular toxicity. The present invention employs acetals and ketals to provide a low pH sensitive chemical handle for degradation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to [1] a detergent composition for endoscope washers, including a nonionic surfactant (A) represented by the following formula (1), a branched-chain fatty acid having not less than 6 and not more than 10 carbon atoms or a salt thereof (B), a defoaming agent (C) and water, R—O-[(EO)m/(PO)n]—H??(1) wherein R represents a branched-chain alkyl group having not less than 7 and not more than 9 carbon atoms; EO represents an ethanediyloxy group; PO represents a propanediyloxy group; m and n each represent an average molar number of addition of the ethanediyloxy or propanediyloxy group in which m is a number of not less than 1 and not more than 30, and n is a number of not less than 2 and not more than 50; and the mark “/” represents that EO and PO may be added either in a random form or in a block form, and an order of addition of EO and PO is optional; and [2] a method of washing an endoscope using an endoscope washer, including the step of washing the endoscope with a mixture includ

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography represented by Formula 1: [X](W)a(Q)b(T)c (Formula 1). X can be a high purity chromatographic core composition having a surface comprising a silica core material, metal oxide core material, an inorganic-organic hybrid material or a group of block copolymers thereof. W can be absent and/or can include hydrogen and/or can include a hydroxyl on the surface of X. Q can be a functional group that minimizes retention variation over time (drift) under chromatographic conditions utilizing low water concentrations. T can include one or more hydrophilic, polar, ionizable, and/or charged functional groups that chromatographically interact with the analyte. Additionally, b and c can be positive numbers, with the ratio 0.05?(b/c)?100, and a?0.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel heteroaryl compounds of formula (I) having a pyrimidine-containing core that is linked to a 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group via an amine linker. Such compounds are useful for the treatment of cancers.

Abstract: A process for recovering a lipid from a lipid containing material, comprising subjecting the lipid containing material to superheated steam and recovering the lipid in a liquid state.

Abstract: A method for producing starting materials or additives for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and/or hydrocarbon-based fuels, especially for heating systems or internal combustion engines, takes organic residues or waste materials and decontaminates or sterilizes them with a hydrogenation process. In particular, the materials classified as K1, K2 or K3 according to EU Directive 1774/2002 are used for generating or producing the cited starting materials or additives, whereby an adequate decontamination of the residues or waste materials that are classified as being hazardous to health is ensured.

Abstract: A method of removing a residue from a surface, including applying to the surface a composition including (a) a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having a general formula (I): as defined herein, and (b) a dipolar aprotic solvent substantially free of water; and removing at least a substantial portion of the residue from the surface.

Abstract: A lubricating base oil includes at least one of ionic liquids containing a compound represented by a formula (1): Z+A?, in which Z+ represents a cation and A? represents an anion, in which Z+ is a cyclic quaternary ammonium ion having two different side chains and A? is a conjugated amide ion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the reaction of a compound with hydrogen wherein the reaction is conducted using a hydrogen-containing gas comprising up to about 10 vol. % hydrogen and at least about 90 vol. % of an inert gas and wherein the compound to be reacted with hydrogen is provided in a liquid phase. The process of the present invention is particularly suitable for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine compounds useful as kinase inhibitors, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions thereof, and methods of using the same. The present invention also provides probe compounds, such as compounds of formula V: wherein each of Ring A, Ring B, R1?, T, Rt, m, Rx, Ry, and W is described herein.

Abstract: This invention relates to a heterogeneous copper nanocatalyst composed of copper nanoparticles immobilized on a boehmite support, a method of preparing the same, and the use thereof. The copper nanocatalyst composed of the copper nanoparticles supported on boehmite exhibits excellent performance in a Huisgen cycloaddition reaction and an A3 coupling reaction of aldehyde, amine and alkyne. The copper nanocatalyst is able to be prepared in a large scale and shows superior reactivity even when used in a small amount under mild conditions without an additive in an organic reaction. This heterogeneous catalyst is easy to separate and reuse after the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the delivery of therapeutic agents to cells. In particular, these include novel lipids and nucleic acid-lipid particles that provide efficient encapsulation of nucleic acids and efficient delivery of the encapsulated nucleic acid to cells in vivo. The compositions of the present invention are highly potent, thereby allowing effective knock-down of specific target protein at relatively low doses. In addition, the compositions and methods of the present invention are less toxic and provide a greater therapeutic index compared to compositions and methods previously known in the art.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel metathesis catalysts of the formula a process for making the same and their use in metathesis reactions such as ring closing or cross metathesis. The invention further relates to a process for the manufacture of a macrocyclic compound of formula VII which have the potential to be useful as HCV protease inhibitors.

Abstract: Diaminoalkanes of Formula I have now been found which are orally active and bind to aspartic proteases to inhibit their activity. They are useful in the treatment or amelioration of diseases associated with elevated levels of aspartic protease activity. The invention also relates to a method for the use of the compounds of Formula I in ameliorating or treating aspartic protease related disorders in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Provided are new functionalized surfactants and methods of their preparation and use. The surfactants are compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for screening, identifying, and/or quantifying modulators of amyloid and/or aggregates, fibrils or components thereof, in particular modulators of amyloid ?-peptide (A?) or A? fibrils. Aspects of the invention provide methods for screening putative modulators against an Amyloid target, in particular an A? target, so as to determine which modulators bind to or interact with the target, or interfere with the interaction of an indicator agent and the target. Particular aspects of the invention employ mass spectrometric methods for the screening of an Amyloid target against compound libraries, in particular mixtures of compounds or combinatorial libraries.

Abstract: The present invention provides a morpholine derivative of the formula [I]; wherein R1 is a substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclo group, a cycloalkyl group or an alkyl group; R2 is a substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclo group, an optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl group, an optionally substituted arylcarbonyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclo-substituted carbonyl group or a cycloalkylcarbonyl group; T is a methylene group or a carbonyl group; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted carbamoyl group or an optionally substituted alkyl group; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds are useful as a renin inhibitor.

Abstract: An indene derivative for selectively modulating the activities of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) having the following formula (I): wherein, R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkenyl, or C3-6 cycloalkyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more phenyl groups; R2 is H, CN, CO2Ra, CH2CO2Ra, CONRbRc, or phenyl; R3 is C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, naphthyl, phenyl, being each unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NH2, NO2, ORa, phenyloxy, C1-6 alkyl, and C3-6 cycloalkyl; and R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each independently H, OH, OSO2CH3, O(CH2)mRe, CH2Rf, OCOCH2ORg, OCH2CH2ORg, OCH2CH?CHRg, or pyridine-2-yloxy, or R5 and R6 together form OCH2O.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel crystalline forms of (2R)-2-[(R)-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine hydrochloride. In various embodiments, the novel crystalline forms may be substantially enantiopure. The preparation and characterization of the novel crystalline forms of (2R)-2-[(R)-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine hydrochloride is also described. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing novel crystalline forms of (2R)-2-[(R)-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine hydrochloride, which are useful to treat and/or prevent various conditions such as nervous system and pain disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel metathesis catalysts of the formula a process for making the same and their use in metathesis reactions such as ring closing or cross metathesis. The invention further relates to a process for the manufacture of a macrocyclic compound of formula VII which have the potential to be useful as HCV protease inhibitors.

Abstract: Processes comprising: (i) providing a reactant selected from the group consisting of primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and mixtures thereof; and (ii) reacting the reactant with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines and mixtures thereof in the presence of a catalyst comprising a zirconium dioxide- and nickel-containing catalytically active composition, to form an amine; wherein the catalytically active composition, prior to reduction with hydrogen, comprises oxygen compounds of zirconium, copper, nickel and cobalt, and one or more oxygen compounds of silver in an amount of 0.5 to 6% by weight, calculated as AgO.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof, wherein: A, Y, Z and R1 are as defined herein. Also provided are compositions comprising, methods of preparing, and methods for using the subject compounds.

Abstract: Novel amine compounds having a nitrogen-containing cyclic structure and a hydrating group such as a hydroxy, ether, ester, carbonyl, carbonate group or lactone ring are useful for use in resist compositions for preventing a resist film from thinning and also for enhancing the resolution and focus margin of resist.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (2R-cis)-2-[[1-[3.5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethenyl]oxy]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(phenylmethyl) mopholine. This compound is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds which possess pharmacological activity.

Abstract: Compositions of non-steroidal glucocorticoid antagonists for treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension and methods for their use are disclosed.

Abstract: The composition formed by mixing an organosilane with an ether. Water-stabilized organosilane compounds. A water stable composition made from the ether and organosilane composition and water. A method of treating a substrate by mixing or contacting the substrate with the product, compound, or composition of this invention for a period of time sufficient for treatment of the substrate. A treated substrate having adhered thereto the product, compound, or composition of this invention. A method of dyeing and treating a substrate. A method of antimicrobially treating a food article. A method of antimicrobially coating a fluid container. A method of antimicrobially coating a latex medical article.

Abstract: Dimorpholinodiethylether is treated with hydrogen over a reducing catalyst to improve its isocyanate stability.

Abstract: The invention provides naphthofluorene compounds, intermediates, formulations, processes, and methods of inhibiting bone loss or bone resorption, particularly osteoporosis, cardiovascular-related pathological conditions, including hyperlipidemia, and estrogen-dependent cancer.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutically/cosmetically-active biaromatic amido compounds have the structural formula (I): ##STR1## in which Ar is a radical selected from among those of the following formulae (a)-(e): ##STR2## and are useful for the treatment of a wide variety of disease states, whether human or veterinary, for example dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmological disorders, as well as for the treatment of mammalian skin and hair conditions/disorders.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutically/cosmetically-active polycyclic polyenic compounds have the structural formula (I): ##STR1## and are useful for modulating cellular hormone receptors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a 1,2-ethanediol derivative and a salt thereof, a process for producing the same, and a cerebral function-improving agent comprising the same. The cerebral function-improving agent of this invention is useful for treating cerebrovascular dementia, senile dementia, Alzheimer's dementia, sequelae of ischemic encephalopathy and cerebral apoplexy.

Abstract: A fuel additive which comprises an amide compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 hydrocarbon group and a group of formula (II), provided that at least one of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 group of formula (II) R.sup.6 is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group, R.sup.7 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene group, a is an integer of 1-100, b is an integer of 0-100, the sum of a and b being equal to 1-200, c is an integer of 1-3, d is an integer of 0-2, the sum of c and d being equal to 3, and X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 hydrocarbon group, a group of formula (III), and a group of formula (IV), wherein formulas (II), (III) and (IV) are defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: Quaternary amine-containing ether lipid analogs of the formulaR.sub.1 --X--R.sub.2 --N.sup.+ (R.sub.3) (R.sub.4) (R.sub.5) Z.sup.-are disclosed. R.sub.1 represents a hydrophobic group and R.sub.2 represents the backbone of the molecule, with the quaternary amine being linked directly to the backbone. Pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds and methods of combating tumors with these compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of combating viral infections with both these compounds and ET-18-OMe and its analogs.

Abstract: There are provided 13-alkyl-11beta-phenyl-gonanes of formula I ##STR1## wherein Z is an oxygen atom or N--OH;R.sup.2 is alpha- or beta-position methyl or ethyl;R.sup.1 is selected from heteroaryl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, cycloalkenyl radicals, aryl radicals, alkenyl radicals, and alkyl radicals where R.sup.2 is in the alpha-position and an ethyl radical where R.sup.2 is in the beta-position; andR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are selected from one of two different groups of substituent pairs, the group from which the selection is made being determined by the position of R.sup.2.

Abstract: Perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) compositions are provided. These compositions comprise perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) carbonyl fluoride compounds having (a) a perfluorocycloaliphatic moiety which can have up to two perfluoroalkyl substituents and a perfluoroalkylene substituent, and (b) a perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride radical, the methylene group of the radical being bonded to a ring carbon atom or the perfluoroalkylene substituent of the moiety and the alkylene group of the perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride being a perfluoro(methyl)methylene group, a perfluoroisopropyleneoxy(methyl)methylene group, or a poly(perfluoroisopropyleneoxy)perfluoro(methyl)methylene group having up to about 10 perfluoroisopropyleneoxy units.

Abstract: A process for preparing N,N,N-trisubstituted nitrogen-containing compounds which comprises contacting a carboxylated N,N,N-trisubstituted nitrogen-containing compound with a mixed metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the N,N,N-trisubstituted nitrogen-containing compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing aminoethers, particularly bis[2-(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl]ethers, which comprises contacting a carboxylated aminoether with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the aminoether. Many of these aminoethers are useful as catalysts in the production of polyurethanes, especially cellular polyurethanes.

Abstract: Perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) compositions are provided. These compositions comprise perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) carbonyl fluoride compounds having (a) a perfluorocycloaliphatic moiety which can have up to two perfluoroalkyl substituents and a perfluoroalkylene substituent, and (b) a perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride radical, the methylene group of the radical being bonded to a ring carbon atom or the perfluoroalkylene substituent of the moiety and the alkylene group of the perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride being a perfluoro(methyl)methylene group, a perfluoroisopropyleneoxy(methyl)methylene group, or a poly(perfluoroisopropyleneoxy)perfluoro(methyl)methylene group having up to about 10 perfluoroisopropyleneoxy units.

Abstract: Novel 2,2-disubstituted glycerol-like compounds are disclosed for use as anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory compounds. The compounds are antagonists of platelet activating factor ("PAF"). Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing and using the compounds of the invention as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A benzonphthalene compound has the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents ##STR2## or (ii) --CH.sub.2 OH; R.sub.6 represents ##STR3## or OR.sub.7 wherein R.sub.7 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, monohydroxyalkyl or polyhydroxyalkyl, r' or r" represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, mono or polyhydroxyalkyl, aryl or a residue of an amino acid or a sugar, or together form a heterocycle; R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1-15 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-4 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic radical; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-10 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical, a thiocycloaliphatic radical or --O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --R.sub.8 wherein R.sub.8 represents lower alkyl; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy or lower acyloxy.This compound is useful in the topical and systemic treatment of dermatologic diseases and in the treatment of the degeneration of conjuctive tissues.

Abstract: A decarboxylation process which comprises contacting a carboxylated compound with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to decarboxylate the carboxylated compound.

Abstract: Guanidines I ##STR1## (A=C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl which may bear up to three further substituents; benzyl substituted in the para-position; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl; R.sup.4 -C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 -alkyl which may be interrupted by oxygen, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkynyl or phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, and these groups may bear up to three further substituents and the phenyl moiety of the phenylalkyl may additionally bear a phenoxy group or up to three C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or haloalkyl groups, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, where the ring may bear up to three further substituents; A=benzyl and R.sup.4 =C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkyl which may be interrupted by oxygen, or C.sub.4 -alkenyl, both of which may bear up to three further substituents; R.sup.3 +R.sup.4 =C.sub.5 -C.sub.

Abstract: Phenylalkylamines of the formula ##STR1## where n is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, m is 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is methyl, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy, and, when m is 2, two adjacent radicals R.sup.1 together denote the radical ##STR2## X is oxygen, except when R.sup.1 is methyl, or the radical ##STR3## R.sup.4 is isopropyl, tert-butyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and R.sup.5 is H or OH, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen and, when X is oxygen, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 additionally denote methyl or ethyl, and their plant-tolerated salts, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: An essentially single stage reaction has been discovered in which a disubstituted ethanolamine, that is, a 2,2'-substituted-2-aminoethanol, may be reacted with a haloform and a carbonyl containing compound selected from the group consisting of monoketones and benzaldehyde, in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide, and optionally in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, to produce an alkali metal hydroxyethylaminoacetate ("HEAA") which has N-adjacent C atoms on which there are a total of at least three substituents (hence "polysubstituted"), and one or both pairs of substituents on each N-adjacent C atom may be cyclized. The HEAA may be cyclized by the action of a mineral acid to produce a 2-morpholone hydrochloride which is characterized by having a total of at least three substituents on the N-adjacent C atoms of the ring. The 2-morpholone so produced may be reduced to a polysubstituted aminodiol.

Abstract: A method for increasing the weight gain and/or improving the feed utilization efficiency and/or increasing the lean body mass and/or decreasing birth mortality rate and increasing post-natal survival rate of livestock comprises the administration to livestock of an effective, non-toxic amount of a compound of formula (I), or a veterinarily acceptable acid addition salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is phenyl (C.sub.1-6) alkyl or optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl, andW is optionally substituted phenyl, a heterocyclyl group, or phenoxymethyl optionally substituted on the phenyl group. Certain compounds of formula (I) are novel.

Abstract: 4-substituted cyclohexylamines of the formula ##STR1## where R is the group CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3, where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or cycloalkyl, with the proviso that at most one of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, X is an alkylene group which, together with the N atom, forms a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring in which up to 2 carbon atoms may be replaced by O, N or S atoms, and salts thereof, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Aromatic aldehydes of formula ##STR1## possessing a single or a double bond in the position indicated by the dotted line and wherein symbol X represents a monovalent radical or formula ##STR2## or, when the dotted line represents a single bond, of formula ##STR3## and wherein symbol Z stands for an oxygen atom or for two R.sup.2 O radicals, each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 representing an alkyl radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.Aromatic aldehydes (I) posses useful odorous properties and can be used as perfuming ingredients for the preparation of perfume bases and perfumed articles. They can also be used as starting materials for the preparation of useful end-products having herbicide and fungicide properties.Process for the preparation of aromatic aldehydes (I) starting from 8-methoxycuminic aldehyde.