Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of pyridine derivatives, such as ?-picoline or ?-parvoline, and catalysts useful for the selective preparation of such pyridine derivatives. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to the selective preparation of certain pyridine derivative using dealuminated zeolite catalysts.

Abstract: A process that allows halogenation at the alpha-H position of alkylarenes, optionally further substituted on the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, is described.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein, R1 is optionally substituted tetrazolyl, R2 is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted pyridinyl or optionally substituted thienyl, and R3, R4, R5, R6 R7 and R8 are as defined herein. Also provided are methods of using the compounds for treating diseases associated with the P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonist and methods of making the compounds.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to nitrogen based hydrocarbon compounds such as pyridines. The method includes the reaction of acetylene with ammonia and controlling the ratio of acetylene to ammonia to generate the desired nitrogen based hydrocarbon compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to inhibitors of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), pharmaceutical compositions comprising such GSNOR inhibitors, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitrogen-containing compound represented by formula (I1) (in formula (I1), R0 represents a nitro group or the like, Z represents an optionally substituted aryl group or the like, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, Y represents a nitro group or the like, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, D represents an optionally substituted 5-membered to 8-membered hydrocarbon ring group or heterocyclic group having or not having a substituent other than substituent X, X represents a group represented by formula (II-1) (in formula (II-1), R1 and R2 respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom or the like), A represents a carbon atom or the like, n1 represents an integer of 0 to 2) or a salt thereof, and an insecticide, miticide, sanitary insect pest control agent, or harmful organism control agent including as an active ingredient thereof the nitrogen-containing compound or the salt thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are cationic oligomeric dye, comprising a low molecular weight polyamine comprising the repeating units (1a) or (1b), wherein at least 90% of the polyamine molecules are selected from tetramines, pentamines and hexamines; and R is the residue of a cationic dye, which is covalently bonded, optionally via a linker, to the nitrogen atoms of the polyamine; or hydrogen; wherein the polyamine repeating units (1a) and (1b) comprise at least one carionic dye residue; and n is a number from 3-12. The dyes are distinguished by their depth of shade and their good fastness properties to washing, such as, for example, fastness to light, shampooing and rubbing.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymeric dyes obtained by the reaction of (a) a basic polycondensate with (b) an electrophilic dye of formula (2) P—X—Ya+ Ana+; wherein the basic polycondensate (a) is obtained by the reaction of (a1) an amine of formula (I) in the presence of an anhydrous solvent with an ammonium salt (a2) with a cyanamide: Wherein P, X, Y, a+, a, a1, a2, An, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and A are defined in the claims and in the disclosure. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising these polymeric dyes, to a process for their use for dyeing of organic materials, such as keratin fibers, wool, leather, silk, cellulose or polyamides.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the catalytic hydroamination of compounds having an alkyne or allene functional group, in which the compound is contacted with ammonia or an amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of a gold complex under conditions sufficient for hydroamination to occur.

Abstract: Disclosed are 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds and in particular 2-quinoxalinol salen Schiff-base ligands. The disclosed 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds may be utilized as ligands for forming complexes with cations, and further, the formed complexes may be utilized as catalysts for oxidation reactions. The disclosed 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds also may be conjugated to solid supports and utilized in methods for selective solid-phase extraction or detection of cations.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula (I) in which R1, D, X, W, Y and T have the meaning indicated in Patent Claim (1), e.g. (II), are inhibitors of coagulation factor Xa and can be employed for the prophylaxis and/or therapy of thromboembolic diseases and for the treatment of tumors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composite for the synthesis of 2- and 4-picolines and a process for the preparation thereof and use thereof for the synthesis of 2- and 4-Picolines.

Abstract: An process for the preparation of pyridine and/or picolines is disclosed. The process comprises contacting a mixture of carbonyl compound with ammonia in the presence of surface-passivated titanium-silicate catalyst in gas phase at a temperature ranging between 300-500° C., at gas space velocity in the range of 300 to 3000 h?1 and at a pressure ranging between 1 to 10 atmosphere, condensing and separating the products by conventional methods and if desired, further purifying the product using well known conventional methods.

Abstract: Photoresists and associated processes for microlithography in the extreme, far, and near UV are disclosed. The photoresists in some embodiments comprise (a) a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising a repeat unit derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound characterized in that at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound is polycyclic and at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound contains at least one fluorine atom covalently attached to an ethylenically unsaturated carbon atom; and (b) at least one photoactive component.

Abstract: Described are preferred processes for preparing alkenyl-substituted nitrogenous heterocycles such as vinylpyridines, which comprise reacting a corresponding methyl-substituted heterocycle with a C1 compound such as formadehyde in the vapor phase over a zeolite catalyst having acidic and basic catalytic sites. The preferred zeolite is a medium-pore zeolite, for example having a constraint index of about 0.5 to about 12. Processes of the invention can be conducted as facile, one-step syntheses utilizing relatively low ratios of alkyl-substituted starting heterocycle (e.g. &agr;-picoline or &ggr;-picoline) to formaldehyde while nonetheless achieving high selectivities and yields of the corresponding alkenyl compound.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of 2,3-pyridinedicarboximides having the structural formula I The 2,3-pyridinedicarboximides are useful as intermediates in the preparation of herbicidal 2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)nicotinic acids, esters and salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stereoselective cycloaddition reactions which generally comprises a cycloaddition reaction between a pair of substrates, each either chiral or prochiral, that contain reactive &pgr;-systems, in the presence of a non-racemic chiral catalyst, to produce a stereoisomerically enriched product. The present invention also relates to novel asymmetric catalyst complexes comprising a metal and an asymmetric tridentate ligand.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stereoselective cycloaddition reactions which generally comprises a cycloaddition reaction between a pair of chiral or prochiral substrates that contain reactive .pi.-systems, in the present of a non-racemic chiral catalyst, to produce a stereoisomerically enriched product.

Abstract: Described are preferred processes for preparing 2-halo-5-substituted pyridine compounds. Preferred processes can be conducted in a one-step, one-pot fashion, and involve the reaction of a formamide and a halogenating agent with a nitrile such as cis-2-pentenonitrile or with a combination of reactants including an aldehyde such as n-propionaldehyde and a nitrile or an amide. Preferred processes provide for convenient and advantageous preparations of 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine, which serves as an intermediate to important insecticidal compounds.

Abstract: An improved base synthesis process and catalyst for the preparation of pyridine or its alkylpyridine derivatives involving the catalytic reaction of one or more aldehydes and/or ketones containing from one to about five carbon atoms, with at least one reactant having more than one carbon atom, with ammonia in the gas phase. The improved catalyst comprises an effective amount of a shape-selective zeolite which has been modified by treatment with one or more metal ions or compounds of tungsten. zinc or tin. The preferred zeolite has a constraint index of about 1 to 12 and a high silica content and correspondingly low concentration of ion-exchange sites with minimal to no acidic sites present.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## are antagonists of leukotrienes of C.sub.4, D.sub.4 and E.sub.4, the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, and inhibitors of their biosynthesis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-psoriatic agents, and cytoprotective agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to amine derivatives and salts thereof. These compounds have an anti-ulcer activity which is effective to human beings and animals. This disclosure relates to such compound, a process for the preparation thereof and an anti-ulcer agent containing the same.

Abstract: A complex of an electron attracting group-substituted .eta..sup.5 -cyclopentadienylcobalt with a polyene or an acetylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R' is bound in the 4- or 5-position, R and R' are --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5, --CH.sub.2 --X, --CH.sub.2 P.sup..sym. (Y).sub.3 X.sup..crclbar., --CH.sub.2 P(O)(C.sub.1-3 alkoxy).sub.2 or --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, R" is C.sub.1-10 alkyl, X is a halogen atom, X.sup..crclbar. is the anion corresponding to X and Y is phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group. These compounds can be obtained by a novel simple process in good to very good yield by co-cyclotrimerizing nitriles R"--CN with alkynes HC.dbd.C--Z (Z is --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5), in the presence of a cobalt(I) catalyst, dehydrating the resultant pyridines either to compounds of the formula I, in which R and R" are --CH.dbd.CH.sub.

Abstract: Pyridine is prepared by ammoxidation (=reaction with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas and ammonia, if appropriate in the presence of steam) of cyclopentadiene in the presence of a tellurium-free silica gel catalyst, .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst and/or aluminum silicate catalyst, which is preferably also doped with transition metal oxides and/or the oxides of gallium and/or indium and, if appropriate, also contains trivial quantities of further customary additives. The surface area of the catalyst should be between about 75 and 800 m.sup.2 /g and the pore volume between about 0.2 and 2 cm.sup.3 /g, and the reaction temperature should be between about 200.degree. and 400.degree. C.The pyridine formed in the process is free from picolines and higher homologs.

Abstract: A process is described for the catalytic, selective preparation of 2-vinylpyridine from acetylene and acrylonitrile using a cyclopentadienylcobalt catalyst or .pi.-allylcobalt catalyst at elevated temperature in an inert solvent, wherein the acrylonitrile concentration is up to 2 mols/liter and the reaction is carried out at a temperature over 140.degree. C. and up to 180.degree. C., the reaction time being not more than 50 minutes.

Abstract: Novel azacycloalkanes, azacycloalkenes and derivatives thereof and methods of preparing same are described. These compounds are useful as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, tranquilizers and analgetics.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyalkylpyrylium salts comprising a polyalkylpyrylium cation, wherein the pyrylium nucleus is substituted by 3 to 5 alkyl substituents three of which are situated in the 2-, 4- and 6-position is disclosed which comprises the step of reacting a branched alkane comprising at least one tertiary carbon atom with an acylating agent which is a reactive alkylcarboxylic acid derivative and an alkyl halide in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of aluminum halides, ferric halides and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic production of a 2-substituted pyridine which comprises reacting a corresponding cyano compound and acetylene in the presence of cobaltocene. A favorable conversion speed, a conversion of at least 90 percent, a good yield and a high selectivity are obtained.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic production of a 2-substituted pyridine which comprises reacting a corresponding cyano compound and acetylene in the presence of cobaltocene. Favorable conversion speed, conversion of at least 90 percent, good yield and high selectivity are obtained.

Abstract: Terpenes are oxidized by contacting the terpene and oxygen with a catalyst. The catalyst may be either (a) a bismuth molybdate or (b) antimony oxide containing iron oxide and/or uranium oxide.