Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and methods useful as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases and other diseases involving elevated levels of cytokines and proinflammatory mediators.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) as described herein, along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods to use these compounds, salts and compositions for treating viral infections, particularly infections caused by hepatitis B virus, and reducing the occurrence of serious conditions associated with HBV.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) as described herein, along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods to use these compounds, salts and compositions for treating viral infections, particularly infections caused by hepatitis B virus, and reducing the occurrence of serious conditions associated with HBV.

Abstract: Inhibitors of HBV replication of Formula (I) including stereochemically isomeric forms, and salts, hydrates, solvates thereof, wherein A-E, R1, R2, R3 and R5, have the meaning as defined herein. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use, alone or in combination with other HBV inhibitors, in HBV therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a product for use with new plants comprising a package which is optionally degradable, wherein said package forms an enclosed space is provided. At least one plant enhancer at least one pesticide, and/or at least one pesticide is located in the enclosed space formed by the package. The invention further is directed to method for treating a plant and to method for reducing shock to a plant.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an electrode layer comprising a porous film made of oxide semiconductor fine particles sensitized with certain methin dyes. Moreover the present invention pertains to a photoelectric conversion device comprising said electrode layer, a dye sensitized solar cell comprising said photoelectric conversion device and to novel methin dyes.

Abstract: The present invention provides fluorogenic substrates and methods of use in detecting and analyzing phospholipase C isozyme (PLC) activity.

Abstract: Polar nematic compounds, one example of which has the following structure: is a caged boron structure, where the sphere of the caged boron structure is C and each non-sphere vertex of the caged boron structure is B—H. R is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an acyl, an aryl, an alkylaryl, a halogen, a cyano group, or an isothiocyanoto group, or R is a group that forms an ether, a ketone, an ester, a thioester, a sulfide, or a sulfone. X is COOR? or COSR?. R? is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an aryl, a halogen, or a cyano group. The compounds may be used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and in television sets, laptop computers, computer monitors, hand-held communication devices, gaming devices, watches, cash registers, clocks, and calculators having liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: Provided is a process for the preparation of t-butoxycarbonylamine compounds, which comprises using phosgene or a phosgene equivalent, t-butanol, and an organic base. Even when applied to a primary or secondary amine compound having low nucleophilicity, the process enables highly selective preparation of a t-butoxycarbonylamine compound at a low cost. In the process, a t-butoxycarbonylamine compound is prepared using: phosgene or a phosgene equivalent; t-butanol; an organic base; and either a primary or secondary amine compound or a primary or secondary ammonium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound for treatment and/or prevention of one or more metabolic disorders utilizes an A-B-C tripartite structure, wherein A, B, and C are identical or non-identical structures, for example, but not limited to, heterocyclic, phenyl or benzyl ring structures with or without substitutions and are described in detail herein. Also provided are methods for the treatment and/or prevention of one or more metabolic disorders, for example, obesity or diabetes, utilizing fatostatin A and/or a derivative and/or analog thereof and/or the A-B-C tripartite compounds.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing HBV infection in an individual in need thereof, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid curable epoxy resin composition that has excellent storage stability and curing properties and provides a cured product having excellent properties, particularly, excellent organic solvent resistance. For that purpose, a clathrate containing a carboxylic acid compound and at least one selected from the group consisting of an imidazole compound represented by formula (I), wherein R1 to R4 each represent a hydrogen atom or the like, and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undecene-7 (DBU) is mixed in an epoxy resin. The liquid curable epoxy resin composition uses a liquid epoxy resin or an organic solvent.

Abstract: Certain heterocyclic amide compounds are described. The compounds may be used in pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating disease states, disorders, and conditions mediated by TRPA1 activity, such as pain, arthritis, itch, cough, asthma, or inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: 3-Halo-6-(aryl)-4-iminotetrahydropicolinic acids having mono-, di- tri- and tetra-substituted aryl substituents in the 6-position, and their acid derivatives, are herbicides demonstrating a broad spectrum of weed control.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a conjugated aromatic compound comprising reacting an aromatic compound (A) substituted with a halogen as a leaving group with an aromatic compound (A) or an aromatic compound (B) substituted with a halogen as a leaving group and is structurally different from the aromatic compound (A), in the presence of (i) a nickel compound, (ii) a metal reducing agent, (iii) at least one ligand (L1) selected from the group consisting of a 2,2?-bipyridine compound having at least one electron-withdrawing group, and a 1,10-phenanthroline compound having at least one electron-withdrawing group, and (iv) at least one ligand (L2) selected from the group consisting of a 2,2?-bipyridine compound having at least one electron-releasing group, and a 1,10-phenanthroline compound having at least one electron-releasing group.

Abstract: Peptidyl sensors comprise a metal-binding peptide and one or two kinase recognition sequences with a hydroxyamino acid that can be phosphorylated in the presence of a kinase.

Abstract: Provided are an RNase activity inhibitory compound to effectively control the activity of the RNase promoting degradation of extracted RNAs and, in addition, a sample storage container including the same. The RNase activity inhibitory compound and the sample storage container according to the present invention may be effectively used to store RNAs during RNA extraction or the extracted RNAs.

Abstract: Disclosed are the ERK inhibitors of formula 1.0: and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and solvates thereof. Q is a piperidine or piperazine ring that can have a bridge or a fused ring. The piperidine ring can have a double bond in the ring. All other substitutents are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of treating cancer using the compounds of formula 1.0.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) where, for example, W, X and Y are each CH; R1 and R6 together with the adjacent nitrogen forms a 3 to 10-membered saturated ring, wherein the ring may contain, in addition to the nitrogen and carbon ring members, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms and/or heteroatom groups as ring members, independently of one another, selected from the group consisting of sulfur, CO, SO, SO2 and N—R7 and/or the ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 radicals, independently of one another, each selected, for example, from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, and C1-C6-alkyl. R2 is, for example, halogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-haloalkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, C1-C6-haloalkoxy or C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkoxy, and R7 is for example, R10C(?O), C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl; and/or salts thereof; and their use as pesticidal agents.

Abstract: Heterocyclic derivatives, processes for their preparation, medicaments comprising these compounds, and the use thereof. The invention relates to compounds of the formula I in which the radicals R1, R2, R3, R4, W, A, B, D, E, G, L, M, R, T and Y have the stated meanings, and to the physiologically tolerated salts thereof. The compounds are suitable for example for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein, R1 is optionally substituted pyrazolyl, and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds for treating diseases associated with P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonists and methods of making the compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel macromolecular compositions having oxidation inhibition characteristics that are exhibited when added to organic material normally susceptible to oxidative degradation in the presence of air or oxygen, such a petroleum products, synthetic polymers, and elastomeric substances.

Abstract: Substituted aryl and heteroaryl derivatives are disclosed. The compounds are useful for treating type 2 diabetes and related conditions. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment are also included.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, n and X are as defined in the specification; a process for preparing such compounds, a pharmaceutical composition comprising such compounds; and the use of such compounds in medicine.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyper-lipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed as Formula (I).

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a high-purity pyridine compound from a crude pyridine compound that contains a diazine compound as an impurity, the method including a reaction step of reacting the crude pyridine compound with an aluminum hydride compound, and a distillation step of distilling the product obtained from the reaction step. The aluminum hydride compound preferably contains one or more compounds selected from lithium aluminum hydride and sodium aluminum hydride.

Abstract: There is provided a novel transition metal phosphine complex having excellent anticancer activity. The transition metal phosphine complex is represented by general formula (1): (wherein R1s and R3s each represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a pyridyl group, or a pyrimidyl group; R2s and R4s each represent an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, provided that each R1 and each R2 are not the same group and that each R3 and each R4 are not the same group; As each represent a linear alkylene group or a cis-vinylene group; M represents a gold atom, a silver atom, a copper atom, or a platinum atom; and B represents an anionic species).

Abstract: Improved compositions have been developed which are selectively sequestered in acidic areas of tumors. When the compositions contain a radioisotope effective to report the presence of the composition, the compositions are useful for detecting tumors. When the compositions contain radioisotopes effective to kill cells, the compositions are useful for treating tumors. Methods for detecting and treating tumors with such compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel compounds, methods and formulations useful for the oral delivery of a glucagon like peptide-1 compound or a melanocortin 4 receptor agonist peptide.

Abstract: The invention relates biosensor comprising a conductive or semi-conductive support and an intercalator polymer, wherein the intercalator polymer comprises monomer units of formula (I) wherein P is an electropolymerizable moiety selected among the group consisting in pyrrole, acetylene, phenol, aniline, thiophene, carbazole and azulene; Sp is a spacer, and Im is an intercalator. The invention also relates to a method for the detection of a DNA sequence with the biosensor, comprising the steps of: hybridizing the DNA sequence with a DNA probe for forming a dsDNA incubating the biosensor with the dsDNA for anchoring the dsDNA to the intercalator detecting the quantity of dsDNA on the biosensor.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), in which the radicals R1 to R3 and AR are as defined in the description, processes for the preparation thereof, the use thereof in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Abstract: Imidazole compounds, compositions, and methods of using them in leukocyte recruitment inhibition, in modulating H4 receptor expression, and in treating conditions such as inflammation, H4 receptor-mediated conditions, and related conditions.

Abstract: A biologically active agent, wherein the agent is a compound of the formula: Wherein A, R5, R9, X, Q and n, m, q are defined herein below.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein A1 and R1 to R5 are defined as in the description and in the claims. The compound of formula (I) can be used as a medicament.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: A composition is provided having the formula where R1 and R2 are each independently H or a C1-C4 hydrocarbon; R3 is H, and R4 is a moiety capable of crossing the blood brain barrier selected from the group consisting of: an amino acid, a peptide, transferrin, gluconate, lactate, citrate, malate, fumarate, benzoate, salicylate, pyruvate and propionate. The composition includes 4-aminopyridine and a transporter species which allows for improved transport of the aminopyridine across the blood brain barrier thereby reducing systemic side effects of aminopyridine administration.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of e.g. the formulas (Ie) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which is useful in a medicine wherein the symbols and substituents have the following meaning —X— is e.g. and Y is e.g. or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or amides and prodrugs of the above identified compounds can be applied to modulate the in-vitro and in-vivo binding processes mediated by E-, P- or L-selectin binding.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent amino acid derivative which can be synthesized by simple steps, can be excited particularly by a blue laser ray region of visible light, and has an improved light stability. These objects can be achieved by a fluorescent amino acid derivative which is an acridone derivative substituted with an amino acid to comprise an electrophilic substituent group between the amino acid and the acridone derivative. Instead of a conventional strategy that aminophenylalanine is used as a starting material to form a fluorescent group through a coupling reaction and an intramolecular cyclization reaction, a fluorescent acridone derivative is used as a starting material to furnish the material to a reactive group by a position-specific electrophilic substitution reaction, and then the acridone derivative having the reactive group is allowed to couple with an amino acid derivative.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof, in which the following definitions apply: X is N or CH; R1 is H, A, Hal, (CH2)nHet, (CH2)nAr, C3-7-cycloalkyl, CF3, NO2, CN, C(NH)(OH), or OCF3; R2 is (CH2)nHet, (CH2)nAr, or C3-7-cycloalkyl, or CF3; R3 and R4 denote H or an organic radical. Compounds of formula (I) are useful as ligands of 5-HT receptors and useful in the treatment of disorders such as anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and pain.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined in claim 1 are suitable for use as microbiocides.

Abstract: A process for producing an N-(hetero)aryl-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl compound, the process comprising: reacting a heteroaryl compound having an NH group as a ring-constituting component with a (hetero)aryl compound having a leaving group in the presence of a heterogeneous-system platinum group metal catalyst, a ligand and a base.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a pyrene based electron transport compound and an electron injecting and transport layer comprising the electron transport compound is provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a Gyrase inhibitor-protein conjugate; in particular a Gyrase inhibitor-albumin conjugate. The present invention further provides methods of the treatment of inflammatory conditions and tumors. Methods of making and producing a Gyrase inhibitor-protein conjugate are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), wherein R1, R2 and R10 independently of one another are C1-C20alkyl, phenyl, C1-C12alkylphenyl or phenyl-C1-C6alkyl; R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, NR6R7 or SR8, provided that at least one of R3 or R4 is NR6R7 or SR8; R5 is hydrogen or C1-C20alkyl; R6 and R7 independently of one another are C1-C20alkyl, or R6 and R7 together with the N-atom to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 membered ring, which optionally is interrupted by O, S or NR9 and which optionally additionally is substituted by one or more C1-C4alkyl; R8 is phenyl, biphenylyl, naphthyl, anthryl or phenanthryl, all of which optionally are substituted by one or more C1-C4alkyl; and R9 is hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, C2-C4hydroxyalkyl or phenyl; exhibit an unexpectedly good performance in photopolymerization reactions.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to functionalized zwitterionic chromophores of structural formula III and III?. Wherein A is a linear or branched alkyl group having up to 20 carbon atoms and the desired functional groups, B is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halo, heterocyclic, alkoxy or nitro groups at 2, 3, 5 or 6 positions on the pyridine ring, C is hydrogen, aryl or a linear or branched alkyl group at 2?, 3?, 5? or 6? positions on the benzene ring, which has up to 70 carbon atoms and contains the desired functional group, D is a linear or branched alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl group, which has up to 70 carbon atoms and contains the desired functional group, R is C1-C4 alkyl or aryl, and m is an integer of from 0 to 4.

Abstract: Compounds of structural formula I are modulators of the androgen receptor (AR) in a tissue selective manner. They are useful as agonists of the androgen receptor in bone and/or muscle tissue while antagonizing the AR in the prostate of a male patient or in the uterus of a female patient.

Abstract: Novel pyrrole derivatives of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts having superior antimycobacterial activity against clinically sensitive as well as resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as having lesser toxicity compared to known compounds. The use of the novel compounds of formula (I) for treatment of latent tuberculosis including Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB). The methods for preparation of the novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the novel compounds and method of treating MDR TB by administration of compounds of formula (I).