Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing a tenside, containing a compound of the formula (1), wherein R2 is a fatty acid alkyl residue and R1 is a linear or branched C1 to C12 hydrocarbon residue, and x is in the range from 1 to 15 by conversion of fatty acid alkyl esters or fatty acid triglycerides having an N-n-alkylized polyhydroxy compound in the presence of an alkali catalyst or a catalyst selected from hydroxides or alcoholates of the 2nd and 4th secondary group of the periodic system at a temperature in the range from 40 to 300° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust-gas purification device by means of which combustion exhaust gases emerging from combustion devices, in particular diesel engines, can be purified. At least a regeneration of the soot particle filter and/or the NOx catalytic converter can be attained by means of the exhaust-gas purification device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a single pot process for preparation of a N,N-di substituted carboxamide compounds of formula (I), said process comprising: reacting a carboxylic acid with a di-substituted carbamoyl chloride in presence of an organic tertiary base to obtain the N,N-di substituted carboxamide compounds of formula (I). The process of the present disclosure involves a simple step, and it is energy and time saving process for preparation of N,N-di substituted carboxamides.

Abstract: An improved catalytic process for the production of pyridine carboxylic acid amides, by catalytic hydration reaction of pyridine nitriles with solid heterogeneous catalyst wherein the process involve effective utilization and recycling of the catalytic components, and reactants.

Abstract: An improved catalytic process for the production of pyridine carboxylic acid amides, by catalytic hydration reaction of pyridine nitriles with solid heterogeneous catalyst wherein the process involve effective utilization and recycling of the catalytic components, and reactants.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): are inhibitors of p38 kinase and are useful in the treatment of conditions or disease states mediated by p38 kinase activity or mediated by cytokines produced by the activity of p38.

Abstract: A carboxamide can be produced in a high yield by a method for producing a carboxamide, for example, represented by formula (4): (wherein R1 and R3 are as defined below), the method comprising a step of allowing a carboxylic acid ester represented by formula (1): (wherein R1 represents an optionally substituented C1-C20 hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituented C3-C20 heterocyclic group, and R2 represents an optionally substituented C1-C20 hydrocarbon group), an amine represented by formula (2): R3—NH2 ??(2) (wherein R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituented C1-C20 hydrocarbon group), and a formamide compound represented by formula (3): (wherein R3 is as defined above) to react in the presence of a metal alkoxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydrolysis of nitriles of the formulae and respectively of amides of the formulae in which R is in each case hydrogen or C1-20-alkyl, to give the corresponding amides and/or acids and respectively to give the corresponding acids.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula (I): wherein X represents a carbon atom or the like: Y represents imino, or the like: R1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like: R2 and R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom or the like. These compounds are useful for the treatment of disease conditions mediated by prostaglandin such as pain, or the like in mammalian. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound.

Abstract: Nicotinamide compounds of the formula (1) and processes for the preparation thereof are described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): are inhibitors of p38 kinase and are useful in the treatment of conditions or disease states mediated by p38 kinase activity or mediated by cytokines produced by the activity of p38.

Abstract: Use of a combination of two vitamin compounds, i.e. riboflavin (also known as vitamin B2) and nicotinic acid (also referred to as niacin) or, as an alternative thereto, the corresponding amide, i.e. niacinamide or nicotinamide (also known as vitamin PP) for the treatment of various forms of primary headache, such as classical migraine or migraine with an aura, common migraine or migraine without an aura, complicated migraine and cluster headache or histamine headache. The invention also concerns compositions for the treatment of primary headaches which are based on the two aforesaid active ingredients.

Abstract: Compounds or their salts having general formula: A-B—C—NO2 wherein: A is a drug radical; B is a linker; and C is a bivalent radical.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for conversion of cyanopyridines to nicotinamides. More particularly the present invention relates to preparation of nicotinamides and isonicotinamides which finds its usage in the preparation of anti-TB drug i.e. isoniazid and as an intermediate of vitamin B12. The present invention also relates to a process for a catalyst useful for the preparation of nicotinamide and isonicotinamide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 4-haloalkylnicotinamides having the formula (I): wherein R1 is (C1-C4)haloalky, comprising subjecting one or more 3-((C1-C4)haloalkyl-3-oxo-1-alkenylamino)nitriles of the formula (II), (III) or (IV): R1—C(O)—CH?CH—NH—CH?CH—CN??(II) R1—C(O)—CH?CH—NH—CH(ZR2)—CH2—CN??(III) R1—C(O)—CH?CH—NH—CH(Hal)—CH2—CN??(IV) where R1 is as defined above, R2 is the same or different and is (C1-C6)-alkyl and Z is the same or different and is O, S or NR1, to a ring-closing reaction and simultaneous hydrolysis in the presence of a strong acid.

Abstract: Novel sulfamoyl benzamide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the sulfamoyl benzamide compounds, and methods of their pharmaceutical use are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the sulfamoyl benzamide compounds are agonists and/or modulating ligands of cannabinoid receptors and may be useful, inter alia, for treating and/or preventing pain, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, auto-immune diseases, ischemic conditions, immune-related disorders, hypertension, neurological disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, for providing cardioprotection against ischemic and reperfusion effects, for inducing apoptosis in malignant cells, for inhibiting mechanical hyperalgesia associated with nerve injury, and as an appetite stimulant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of compounds of formula wherein the substituents are as described herein which comprises the steps of a) reacting a compound of formula with a compound of formula to form a compound of formula b) converting the OH/?O function of compounds of formula XIV/XIVa into a leaving group P with a reagent containing a leaving group, selected from POCl3, PBr3, MeI and (F3CSO2)2O to form a compound of formula wherein P is halogen or trifluoromethanesulfonate; c) substituting R2 for the leaving group P by reacting compound XV with HR2 to form a compound of formula and d) hydrolyzing the nitrile function in an acidic medium selected from H2SO4, HCl and acetic acid, to form a compound of formula I The compounds of formula I are valuable intermediates for the manufacture of therapeutically active compounds which have NK-1 antagonist activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): are inhibitors of p38 kinase and are useful in the treatment of conditions or disease states mediated by p38 kinase activity or mediated by cytokines produced by the activity of p38.

Abstract: Nitric acid salts with medicines active in the respiratory system pathology treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for conversion of cyanopyridines to nicotinamides More particularly the present invention relates to preparation of nicotinamides and isonicotinamides which finds its usage in the preparation of anti-TB drug i.e. isoniazid and as an intermediate of vitamin B12. The present invention also relates to a process for a catalyst useful for the preparation of nicotinamide and isonicotinamide.

Abstract: The present invention describes compounds of the general formula I 1

Abstract: This invention relates to new compositions comprising predominantly one enantiomer of an N-acetonylbenzamide fungicide, methods of preparing N-acetonylbenzamides, and their use as fungicides.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) wherein m, n, o, p, q, r, A, B, D, E, R1, R2,R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are as defined in the description, useful in the treatment of respiratory, allergic, rheumatoid, body weight regulation, inflammatory and central nervous system disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, adult respiratory diseases syndrome, shock, fibrosis, pulmonary hypersensitivity, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, weight control, rheumatoid arthritis, cachexia, crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, arthritic conditions and other inflammatory diseases, depression, multi-infarct dementia and AIDS.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of arylamides of heteroaromatic carboxylic acids of the formula: in which each An is nitrogen or CRn(n=1 to 5), with the proviso that at least one of the ring members is nitrogen and that two nitrogen atoms are not bonded directly to one another; R1 to R5, if present, independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl or aryl, one of the substituents R1 to R5 being a group of the formula —OR, in which R is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical; R6 is hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl; and R7 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical. The amides are obtained from the corresponding heteroaromatic halogen compounds, the corresponding aromatic amines and carbon monoxide in the presence of a palladium phosphine complex. Compounds of this class are important herbicides.

Abstract: Acylsulfamoylbenzamides of the formula I and crop protection compositions comprising them are described. In this formula I, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are various organic radicals and X is CH or N.

Abstract: Described are processes for the large, commercial scale production of USP grade nicotinamide, wherein the USP grade product is isolated using novel strategies which minimize product waste, and avoid the need for crystallizations and/or ameliorate complications arising in crystallization strategies. Preferred processes involve the processing of nicotinamide reaction crudes over both cation exchange and weak base resins and the subsequent recovery of USP grade nicotinamide by simple evaporation.

Abstract: A platinum complex useful as a catalyst for converting nitrites into amides comprises a platinum complex of dialkyl phosphine of stoichiometric formula: PtX(R.sub.2 POHOPR.sub.2)(PR.sub.2 OH) where R is an alkyl, alicyclic, chiral, alkylaryl group or substituted alkyl, alicyclic, chiral, alkaryl group or the two R groups attached to one phosphorous atom can form a heterocyclic ring with the phosphorous atom and X is H or a halide. The conversion takes place under reflux conditions to give a high yield of the amide.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of arylamides of heteroaromatic carboxylic acids of the formula: ##STR1## in which each A.sup.n is nitrogen or CR.sup.n (n=1 to 5), with the proviso that at least one of the ring members is nitrogen and that two nitrogen atoms are not bonded directly to one another; R.sup.1 to R.sup.5, if present, independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl or aryl, one of the substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 being a group of the formula --OR, in which R is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical; R.sup.6 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 -alkyl; and R.sup.7 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical. The amides are obtained from the corresponding heteroaromatic halogen compounds, the corresponding aromatic amines and carbon monoxide in the presence of a palladium phosphine complex. Compounds of this class are important herbicides.

Abstract: HIV protease inhibitors, obtainable by chemical synthesis, block the biological activity of the HIV protease enzyme, causing the replication of the HIV virus to terminate. These compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions that contain these compounds and possibly other anti-viral agents as ingredients, are thus suitable for the treatment of the HIV virus known to cause AIDS.

Abstract: 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives and optically active 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with the following formula, having vasodilating activity based on calcium antagonism, and PAF antagonism, and methods of producing the same are disclosed: ##STR1## wherein (*) indicates a chiral center in the case of the optically active 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives.

Abstract: Described are preferred processes for hydrolyzing substituted and unsubstituted cyanopyridines in the presence of a base and under substantially adiabatic conditions to produce pyridine substituted amides and/or pyridine substituted carboxylic acids. Preferred processes can be conducted in a variety of continuous reactors including cascades of reaction vessels, loop reactors or flow tube reactors. More preferred are the efficient and advantageous preparations of nicotinamide and niacin, which serve as important members of the B-vitamin complex.

Abstract: HIV protease inhibitors, obtainable by chemical synthesis, block the biological activity of the HIV protease enzyme, causing the replication of the HIV virus to terminate. These compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions that contain these compounds and possibly other anti-vital agents as ingredients, are thus suitable for the treatment of the HIV virus known to cause AIDS.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carboxamides of nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compounds from the corresponding N-heterocyclic compounds by reaction thereof with formamide in the presence of peroxodisulfuric acid or a peroxodisulfate.

Abstract: Certain 2-chloropyridine derivatives, which are useful as starting materials for the preparation of various herbicides and fungicides, are prepared by cyclization of 1,3-butadiene derivatives in the presence of hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: A process for producing a carboxylic acid amide or ester, which comprises reacting an organic chloride having at least one chlorine atom on its ring of a substituted or unsubstituted, aromatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbon with carbon monoxide and an amine or an alcohol in the presence of a base by using as catalysts a palladium compound and a phosphine compound represented by the general formula (V):(R).sub.2 P--X--P(R).sub.2 (V)wherein R is an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and X is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms ##STR1## or a binaphthyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain cyano-dienes and halopyridines and the processes for their preparation from a protected 1,3-dialdehyde and a cyano-diene.

Abstract: Fungicidal compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein K is oxygen or sulphur; Z is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X is O, S(O).sub.n, NR.sup.4, CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.5, CO, CR.sup.1 (OR.sup.2), C.dbd.CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2, CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CR.sup.2 .dbd.CH, C.dbd.C, OCHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 O, OCHR.sup.1 O, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 S(O).sub.n, CHR.sup.1 OSO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.4, CO.sub.2, O.sub.2 C, SO.sub.2 O, OSO.sub.2, CO.CO, COCHR.sup.1, COCHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 CO, CHOH.CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1.CHOH, ##STR2## CONR.sup.4, OCONR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO, CSNR.sup.4, OCS.NR.sup.4, SCO.NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CS, NR.sup.4 CSO, NR.sup.4 COS, NR.sup.4 CONR.sup.4, S(O).sub.n NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 S(O).sub.n, CS.sub.2, S.sub.2 C, CO.S, SCO, N.dbd.N, N.dbd.CR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.N, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 CH(OH), CHR.sup.1 OCO, CHR.sup.1 SCO, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of nicotinamide by amidation of a nicotinic acid/nicotinamide melt, vacuum distillation of the amidation mixture, removal of the nicotinamide as the bottom product and recycling of the top product, depleted with respect to nicotinamide, into the amidation stage together with addition of fresh amounts of nicotinic acid.

Abstract: Hydrolysis of nitrile to amide by use of a quaternary ammonium hydroxide at 60.degree. to 95.degree. C.

Abstract: Crude nicotinamide is purified by a recrystallization and in this way freed especially from nicotinic acid and salts of nicotinic acid. As solvent there is used a 2-methylpropanol-1 containing water. The recrystallization takes place at a pH between about 7 and 10.

Abstract: In the hydrolysis of nicontinonitrile to nicotinamide, the hydrolysis effluent, containing nicotinamide, unconverted nicotinonitrile, ammonia and some ammonium nicotinate is stripped with gaseous ammonia to produce a molten nicontinamide bottoms, essentially free of nicotinonitrile, containing less than 10 wt % water and an overhead containing water vapor, ammonia and nicotinonitrile. An aqueous solution of ammonia and unreacted nicotinonitrile is recovered from the overhead and recycled to the hydrolysis, with gaseous ammonia in the overhead being recycled to the stripping.

Abstract: Nicotinamide is prepared from nicotinonitrile by hydrolysis at 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. employing alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: A process of preparing a carboxylic acid amide which comprises reacting (a) an aldehyde with (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, a primary amine and a secondary amine in the presence of a molecular oxygen-containing gas and palladium metal or platinum metal as the catalyst.

Abstract: In the crystallization of a material from a liquid solution thereof wherein normal rapid cooling produces a non-filterable solid, the mixture of material and liquid is subjected to a high shear force field to produce a filterable slurry of the material, with the mixture being subjected to the shear force either during the cooling or subsequent thereto. The process is particularly applicable to recovering nicotinamide from a supersaturated aqueous solution thereof.

Abstract: Nicotinamide is recovered from the reaction mixture resulting from the hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile at elevated temperature by converting the nicotinamide into a melt while removing the solvent.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid amides are obtained from aryl, heterocyclic, and vinylic halides and substituted derivates thereof, by reacting same with a primary or secondary amine and carbon monoxide, in the presence of a palladium catalyst and if necessry a tertiary amine at about 20.degree.-150.degree. C and from at least a half atmosphere pressure.