Abstract: The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying a compound represented by the formula (I), the method including treating a mixture containing the compound represented by the formula (I) and a compound represented by the formula (II) with an aqueous solution of a basic compound. where, in the formula (I), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a chlorine atom; in the formula (II), R2, R3 and R4 are the same or different from each other and represent a hydrogen, a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom independently, at least one of R3 and R4 represent a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom, and, in the case where R3 represents a chlorine atom, R4 represents a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2,6-dichloropyridine with product purity greater than or equal to 99.0% by using trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene as a solvent for reaction between pyridine and chlorine gas. The preparation process comprises the following steps: enabling pyridine and chlorine gas to continuously experience chlorination reaction under irradiation of ultraviolet light by using pyridine and chlorine gas as starting materials and using trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene as a solvent, and cooling a chlorination reaction product and the solvent to obtain pyridine chlorination solution. Advantages: firstly, it pioneers the precedent of direct and high-selectivity preparation of 2,6-dichloropyridine through liquid phase photochlorination, and not only can the 2,6-dichloropyridine product with purity greater than or equal to 99.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine with product purity greater than or equal to 99.0% by using trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene as a solvent for reaction between 2-methylpyridine with chlorine gas, in which 2-methylpyridine and chlorine gas are used as starting materials, trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene is used as a solvent, 2-methylpyridine is prepared into a liquid raw material by using the solvent trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene, and the liquid raw material is continuously fed to perform liquid phase photochlorination reaction at temperature of 160-240° C. under irradiation of ultraviolet light to obtain 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2,6-dichloropyridine with product purity greater than or equal to 99.0% through gas phase photochlorination of pyridine by using trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene as a solvent for reaction between pyridine and chlorine gas. Gasified pyridine and heated chlorine gas are enabled to continuously experience chlorination reaction under irradiation of ultraviolet light by using gasified pyridine and heated chlorine gas as starting materials and using heated trifluoromethyl chlorobenzene as a solvent, and a gas phase reaction product and the solvent are cooled to obtain pyridine chlorination solution. Advantages: firstly, it pioneers the precedent of direct and high-selectivity preparation of 2,6-dichloropyridine through gas phase photochlorination, and not only can the 2,6-dichloropyridine product with purity greater than or equal to 99.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for producing of 2,3-dichloro-5-(trichloromethyl)pyridine by using PCl5 as chlorinating agent at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the selective C—H fluorination of nitrogen-containing heteroarenes with AgF2, which has previously been considered too reactive for practical, selective C—H fluorination. Fluorinated heteroarenes are prevalent in numerous pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. However, the reactions used to introduce fluorine into these molecules require pre-functionalized substrates or the use of F2 gas. The present invention provides a mild and general method for the C—H fluorination of nitrogen-containing heteroarene compounds to 2-fluoro-heteroarenes with commercially available AgF2. In various embodiments, these reactions occur at ambient temperature within one hour and occur with exclusive selectivity for fluorination at the 2-position. Exemplary reaction conditions are effective for fluorinating diazine heteroarenes to form a single fluorinated isomer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds having Formula II-vi-a: wherein Cy1, Cy2, and A? are defined as set forth in the specification. These compounds are synthetic intermediates used to prepare inhibitors of Raf protein kinase.

Abstract: Processes for manufacturing dihalopyridines without the use of copper salts are described. Additional processes for manufacturing dihalopyridines from niacinamide are described.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing a benzoimidazole derivative at high purity and high yield so as to enable the production of the benzoimidazole derivative compound as an antagonist against a vanilloid reactor-1, and particularly to a method of preparing a benzoimidazole derivative at high purity and high yield, wherein the benzoimidazole derivative is synthesized using a novel intermediate, namely, benzaldehyde, and thereby the preparation process is simple so that it can be applied to production.

Abstract: An organic compound represented by General Formula (G100) is provided. A novel liquid crystal composition containing the organic compound is provided.

Abstract: Maleate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided. The salts are useful for treating sleep disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to active compound combinations, in particular a fungicidal and/or insecticidal composition, comprising Isotianil (3,4-dichloro-N-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-isothiazolecarboxamide) and at least one further insecticide of the anthranilamide group and optionally one further insecticide of the neonicotinoids. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for curatively or preventively controlling the phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or pests of plants or crops, to the use of a combination according to the invention for the treatment of seed, to a method for protecting a seed and not at least to the treated seed.

Abstract: Provided herein are stabilized radioiodinated and astatinated compounds, and to methods for their preparation.

Abstract: 3-Alkenyl-6-halo-4-aminopicolinic acids and their derivatives are potent herbicides demonstrating a broad spectrum of weed control.

Abstract: Besylate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of inhibiting a deubiquitinase (DUB), methods of treating pathogenic infections (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to salts of (R)-3-(6-(4-methylphenyl)-pyridin-3-yloxy)-1-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, to methods for making them or their precursors, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use as medicaments.

Abstract: 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are useful synthetic intermediates in the preparation of the N-substituted (6-haloalkylpyridin-3-yl)alkyl sulfoximines, which are useful in forming potent insecticides. Methods of forming such 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using 6-trichloromethyl halogenated pyridines to form 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are disclosed.

Abstract: [Problem] The present invention provides an industrially advantageous production method of a 6-halogeno-3-arylpyridine derivative in which cryogenic condition is not required, production step is short, and an isomer difficult to be separated is not produced as a by-product, [Solution] A production method of a 6-halogeno-3-arylpyridine derivative represented by the general formula (III) comprising: the first step reacting a 2,5-dihalogenopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (I) with a magnesiation reagent; and the second step reacting the product obtained from the above-described first step, in the presence of a palladium compound, with a halogenoaryl derivative represented by the general formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine which is useful as an intermediate for medicines and agrochemicals, at a high production rate in a high yield. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine or a salt thereof comprising allowing 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide to react with a chlorinating agent; and also relates to a process for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine or a salt thereof comprising oxidizing 3-trifluoromethylpyridine to produce 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide and subsequently allowing the obtained 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide to react with a chlorinating agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel active compound combinations comprising at least one substituted enaminocarbonyl compound and azadirachtin, which combinations are highly suitable for controlling animal pests such as insects and unwanted acarids. Methods of controlling insects and acarids are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention is a novel method for obtaining an 18F-labelled compound wherein said compound comprises an 18F-labelled pyridyl ring. The method of the invention is advantageous over the prior art methods as it provides these compounds in higher radiochemical yields than have been possible with previous methods. Also provided by the present invention is an 18F-labelled synthon useful in the method of the invention.

Abstract: Alternate methods for preparing functionalized pyridyl-amine products from pyridinyl starting materials are provided herein. These alternately-prepared functionalized pyridyl-amines can be used as ligands or ligand precursors in catalytic compositions, e.g., in oligomerization reactions. Methods for such reactions are also provided herein.

Abstract: 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are useful synthetic intermediates in the preparation of the N-substituted (6-haloalkylpyridin-3-yl)alkyl sulfoximines, which are useful in forming potent insecticides. Methods of forming such 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using 6-trichloromethyl halogenated pyridines to form 3-substituted-6-trifluoromethyl pyridines are disclosed.

Abstract: L-malate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of trifluoromethylated unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl compounds which comprises reacting an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl halide with a trifluoroacetate of formula (I) or (II), wherein R1 is hydrogen or a C1-C5 alkyl group and M an alkali metal or an ammonium ion, in the presence of and an anorganic halogenide salt or a trifluoroacetacid salt as activator compound and a catalytic combination of a copper salt with a monodentate, bidentate or tridentate aromatic or aliphatic amine or pyridine ligand.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cost effective and environmentally friendly process to prepare 1-hydroxy-6-substituted pyridones from 2,6-dichloropyridine.

Abstract: Maleate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided. The salts are useful to provide blood levels of eszopiclone that are independent of fasting state.

Abstract: Besylate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 4-(4-pyridyl)-benzamides of the formula (I). The compounds I possess valuable therapeutic properties and are suitable, in particular, for treating diseases that respond to modulation of Rho kinases (ROCKs).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted enaminocarbonyl compounds, to processes for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, especially arthropods, in particular insects.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a crystalline form of S-zopiclone (Formula I) having a powder X-Ray diffraction spectrum excited by Cu-Ka radiation with characteristic peaks expressed in terms of 2? at about 11.08°, about 12.38°, about 15.86°, about 17.88°, about 19. 98° and about 20.58°; a DSC thermogram with a peak at about 207.7° C. and an infrared absorption spectrum (IR) with characteristic peaks at about 3078 cm?1, about 2942˜2838 cm?1, about 2790 cm?1, about 1716 cm?1, about 1463 cm?1, about 1372 cm?1 and about 757 cm?1. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the crystalline form of eszopiclone, its pharmaceutical composition and its use in preparing a medicament for treating sleep disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 4-hydroxypyridines of formula I wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings defined in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted enaminocarbonyl compounds, to processes for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, especially arthropods, in particular insects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula (I) as fluorinating reagents, to a process for the fluorination of organic compounds by reaction thereof with compounds of the formula (I), and to compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: Methods for fluorinating organic compounds are described herein.

Abstract: Present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Zopiclone and its enantiomerically enriched isomer (Eszopiclone). 6-(5-Chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxo-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine is reacted with 1-chloro-carbonyl-4-methylpiperazine in the presence of alkali earth metal carbonates, hydroxides or oxides in a solvent medium to give Zopiclone. It is reacted with optically active acid in a mixture of water and water miscible organic solvent followed by work up to give Eszopiclone. The present invention also relates to process for the conversion of (R) or (S) Zopiclone to 6-(5-chloropyrid-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxo-5,6-dihydro-pyrrolo-[3,4-b]-pyrazine of the intermediate which can be converted to racemic Zopiclone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein an improved process for producing 2,3-dihalopyridine with high purity at industrial scale with minimum effluent.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine which is useful as an intermediate for medicines and agrochemicals, at a high production rate in a high yield. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine or a salt thereof comprising allowing 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide to react with a chlorinating agent; and also relates to a process for producing 2-chloro-3-trifluoromethylpyridine or a salt thereof comprising oxidizing 3-trifluoromethylpyridine to produce 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide and subsequently allowing the obtained 3-trifluoromethylpyridine N-oxide to react with a chlorinating agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, M1, M2, M3, M4, Y1, Y2, V, W, n, m and o have the meanings given in Claim 1, and physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs, solvates, tautomers and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios, for use in the treatment of diseases which are influenced by inhibition of Sph kinase 1.

Abstract: L-malate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 9H-pyrrolo[2,3-b:5,4-c?]dipyridine azacarbolines of formula (I), where: Z2, Z3, and Z4 are CH, CRa, CRs, or N; R3 is H, Hal; CF3, CHF2; OH, alkoxy; NH2, NH (alkyl), N(alkyl)2; C(O)O alkyl; CONH(alkyl), CON(alkyl)2; C1-C10 alkyl; aryl; heteroaryl; R6 is heteroaryl; Ra is CONH2, CONH alkyl, CONH cycloalkyl; CONH heterocycloalkyl; CON(alkyl)2; CON(alkyl)(heterocycloalkyl); CONHN(alkyl)2; C(O)heterocycloalkyl; Rs is H; Hal, OH; O-alkyl(C1-C10); NH2; N(alkyl(C1-C10) or cycloalkyl(C3-C7))2; NHC(O)R3a; N(alkyl(C1-C10)C(O)R3a; NHS(O2)R3a; N(alkyl)(C1-C10)S(O2)R3a; CO2R3a; SR3a; S(O)R3a; S(O2)R3a; Ra and Rs optionally form a cycle; R3a is selected from among Hal, CF3, C1-C10 alkyl; C3-C7 cycloalkyl; C2-C6 alkenyl; C2-C6 alkynyl; OH; O-alkyl(C1-C10); (C3-C7); heterocycloalkyl (C3-C7); NH2; NH-(alkyl(C1-C10) or cycloalkyl(C3-C7)); N(alkyl(C1-C10) or cycloalkyl(C3-C7))2; NH-(alkyl(C1-C10) or heterocycloalkyl(C3-C7)); N(alkyl(C1-C10) or heterocycloalkyl(C3-C7))2, as well as to the isomers an

Abstract: Maleate salts of (6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyloxy]-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) are provided.

Abstract: Alternate methods for preparing functionalized pyridyl-amine products from pyridinyl starting materials are provided herein. In addition, these alternately-prepared functionalized pyridyl-amines can be used as ligands or ligand precursors in catalytic compositions, e.g. for use in alkene oligomerization reactions.

Abstract: A process for producing a biaryl compound, characterized by reacting an arylhydrazine compound, hydrogen peroxide and an aryl compound. When the reaction is conducted in the presence of a given metal or a compound of the metal or in the presence of a metal oxide obtained by reacting the given metal or a compound of the metal with hydrogen peroxide, then the yield of the biaryl compound is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted enaminocarbonyl compounds, to processes for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, especially arthropods, in particular insects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted enaminocarbonyl compounds, to processes for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, especially arthropods, in particular insects.

Abstract: Antibacterial compounds of formula I are provided: As well as stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, and prodrugs thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of treating bacterial infections by the administration of such compounds; and processes for the preparation of the compounds.