Abstract: The present invention provides optical filters comprising a squarylium compound represented by General Formula (I): [wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s) or the like, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), and Y represents a group represented by General Formula (A): (wherein R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s) or the like, R5 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or the like, and R6, R7, R8 and R9 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s) or the like)] and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel NO-donating compounds, designed such that when NO is released from the compound a residue which is a naturally occurring metabolite is formed, and thus a development of tolerance to the compounds upon repetitive administration is prevented or decreased. Also disclosed are methods of preparing such NO-donating compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medical devices containing such compounds and methods utilizing such compounds in the treatment of various medical conditions.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are defined as in claim 1, are suitable for use as herbicides. Also claimed is the intermediate (II) wherein R1 is chloro, R2 is hydrogen and XA is methylsulfonate, three processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (Ih) wherein m is 1 or 2, and the other substituents are defined as in claim 1, and a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (IVa) wherein XB is a halogen atom, and the substitutents are defined as in claim 1.

Abstract: The instant invention provides compounds of Formula (I) which are leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors. Compounds of formula (I) are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and anti-artherosclerotic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aryloxy substituted phenylamidine derivatives of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as in the description, their process of preparation, their use as fungicide or insecticide active agents, particularly in the form of fungicide or insecticide compositions, and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi or damaging insects, notably of plants, using these compounds or compositions (I).

Abstract: A class of compounds is disclosed, comprising sulphonamido-substituted bridged bicycloalkyl structures. The compounds are inhibitors of gamma-secretase, and hence are useful in the treatment of and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to cis- and trans-12, 13-cyclopropyl and 12,13-cyclobutyl epothilones of formula I to IV wherein Ar is a radical represented by the following structure: and the other radicals and symbols have the meanings as defined herein; to their chemical synthesis and biological evaluation; their use in the treatment of neoplastic diseases and to pharmaceutical preparations containing such compounds. The compounds described herein are potent tubulin polymerization promoters and cytotoxic agents.

Abstract: We describe substituted benzenesulfoximine compounds having anti-inflammatory activity, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: A compound having a structure is disclosed herein. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Cycloalkyl ketoamide derivatives, which are useful as cathepsin K inhibitors are described herein. The described invention also includes methods of making such cycloalkyl ketoamide derivatives as well as methods of using the same in the treatment of disorders, including osteoporosis, associated with enhanced bone turnover which can ultimately lead to fracture.

Abstract: This invention relates aryl substituted thiazolidinones of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof, wherein R1 and R2, are defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to the use of compounds of Formula I for the treatment of neuronal damage following global and focal ischemia, for the treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and for the treatment, prevention or amelioration of both acute or chronic pain, as antitinnitus agents, as anticonvulsants, and as antimanic depressants, as local anesthetics, as antiarrhythmics and for the treatment or prevention of diabetic neuropathy.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula wherein R is unsubstituted or substituted C1–C12alkyl, C2–C4alkenyl, C2–C4alkynyl, C3–C6cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, or —SR1; R1 is unsubstituted or substituted C1–C12alkyl, C2–C4alkenyl, C2–C4alkenyl, C2–C4alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and X is a leaving group; which comprises a) reacting a compound of the formula wherein R is as defined for formula (I), with a water removing reagent.

Abstract: This invention relates to potent selective agonists of the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptors, their use or a formulation thereof in the treatment of glaucoma and other conditions which are related to elevated intraocular pressure in the eye of a patient. This invention further relates to the use of the compounds of this invention for mediating the bone modeling and remodeling processes of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Abstract: The use of compounds of formula (I), and salts thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable in vivo cleavable prodrugs of said compound of formula (I); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compound or said prodrugs; in formula (I), Ring C is phenyl or a carbon linked heteroaryl ring substituted as defined within; R1 is an ortho substituent as defined within; n is 1 or 2; A-B is a linking group as defined within; R2 and R3 are as defined within; R4 is hydroxy, hydrogen, halo, amino or methyl; in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the elevation of PDH activity in warm-blooded animals such as humans is described.

Abstract: This invention relates aryl substituted thiazolidinones of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof, wherein R1 and R2, are defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to the use of compounds of Formula I for the treatment of neuronal damage following global and focal ischemia, for the treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and for the treatment, prevention or amelioration of both acute or chronic pain, as antitinnitus agents, as anticonvulsants, and as antimanic depressants, as local anesthetics, as antiarrhythmics and for the treatment or prevention of diabetic neuropathy.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutical/cosmetic compositions contain at least one biaromatic ligand activator of a PPAR? receptor, such biaromatic ligand having the structural formula (I): and are well suited, inter alia, for regulating and/or restoring skin lipid metabolism, for treating a wide variety of dermatological afflictions, and for preventing and/or treating the signs of aging and/or dry skin.

Abstract: A thiazolidine-4-one derivative of formula 1 or a non-toxic salt thereof, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the derivative or the salt as an active ingredient are provided: wherein: R1 and R2 each independently represent hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, halogen, methyl substituted with halogen, C1-C3 alkoxy substituted with halogen, cyano, or nitro.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which are inhibitors of metalloproteases and which are effective in treating conditions characterized by excess activity of these enzymes. In particular, the compounds have a structure according to the following Formula (I): where J, M, Q, T, W, X, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4′, R5, R6, R6′, R7, m, and n have the meanings described in the specification. This invention also includes optical isomers, diastereomers and enantiomers of the formula above, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, biohydrolyzable amides, esters, and imides thereof. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of treating or preventing metalloprotease-related maladies using the compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) in which X represents halogen, and n represents 0, 1 or 2, to a process for their preparations and to their use as nematacides.

Abstract: A 2-thioxothiazole derivative of formula 1 or a non-toxic salt thereof, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the derivative or the salt as an active ingredient are provided: wherein: R represents hydrogen or methyl; X represents hydrogen, methyl, halogen, nitro, or methanesulfonyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted polycyclic aryl and heteroaryl tertiary-heteroalkylamine compounds useful as inhibitors of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP; plasma lipid transfer protein-I) and compounds, compositions and methods for treating atherosclerosis and other coronary artery diseases. Preferred tertiary-heteroalkylamine compounds are substituted N-benzyl-N-phenyl aminoalcohols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic fluoroalkenyl thioethers of the formula (I) in which m represents integers from 3 to 10, n represents 0, 1 or 2 and Het represents the following, in each case optionally substituted, groupings: to processes for their preparation and to their use as pesticides.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I) in which A, B, W, G and Het have the same designation cited in the description. The invention also relates to several methods for the production of said new compounds and the use thereof as pesticides and herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of 2,2′-dithiazolyl disulfides by oxidation of 2-mercaptothiazoles with peroxidic compounds in an aqueous suspension in a specific pH range.

Abstract: Heterocyclic substituted compounds having the general structure: which are inhibitors of metalloproteases and which are effective in treating conditions characterized by excess activity of these enzymes.

Abstract: A thrombin receptor antagonist having the formula useful for inhibiting the aggregation of blood platelets. The compounds can be used in a method of acting upon a thrombin receptor which comprises administering a therapeutically effective but non-toxic amount of such compound to a mammal, preferably a human.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted heteroaryloxyacetanilides of the general formula (I), in which n, R, X, and Z are to intermediates for their preparation and to their use as herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to epothilone analog represented by formula (I) wherein (i) R2 is absent or oxygen; “a” can be either a single or double bond; “b” can be either absent or a single bond; and “c” can be either absent or a single bond, with the proviso that if R2 is oxygen then “b” and “c” are both a single bond and “a” is a single bond; if R2 is absent then “b” and “c” are absent and “a” is a double bond; and if “a” is a double bond, then R2, “b” and “c” are absent; R3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; lower alkyl; —CH═CH2; —C≡CH; —CH2F; —CH2Cl; —CH2—OH; —CH2—O—(C1-C6-alkyl); and —CH2—S—(C1-C6-alkyl); R4 and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl or a protecting group; and R1 is as defined in the specification, or a salt of a compound of formu

Abstract: Thiazole esters are suitable for detecting the presence of leukocytes in urine. Such thiazole esters are suitable for use in compositions, diagnostic devices, and methods for detecting the presence of leukocytes. A thiazole ester of the invention is of the formula: or a salt or solvated salt thereof, in which A is an N-blocked amino acid residue or N-blocked peptide chain, preferably an alanine residue or polyalanine chain; and R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy, amino, unsubstituted or substituted acyl, halo, nitro, cyano, —SO3H, or hydroxy, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen. In one embodiment, at least one of R1 and R2 is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy. In still another embodiment, R1 is hydrogen and R2 is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy.

Abstract: The present invention provide compounds of Formula I The present invention also provides a method of treating cancer and treating or preventing restenosis or atherosclerosis. Also provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutically acceptable composition containing a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Novel benzotriazoles of the formula in which R, X1, X2, X3, X4 and Y have the meanings given in the description, and their acid addition salts and metal salt complexes, a process for the preparation of these substances and their use as microbicides in crop protection and in material protection.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the Formula I wherein: Z is C or nothing, provided that when Z is nothing, R3 and R4 are nothing; A is S, S═O or O═S═O; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen, hydroxy or lower alkoxy, (un)substituted aryl, (un)substituted arylalkyl, (un)substituted heteroaryl or(un)substituted heteroarylakyl; R3 and R4 independently represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aminoalkyl, mono- or dialkylaminoalkyl, (un)substituted aryl or (un)substituted heteroaryl; R5 represents a (un)substituted carbocyclic group containing from 3-7 members, up to two of which members are optionally hetero atoms; or R5 is (CR6R7)—(CH2)n—XR8R9; X is S or N; R6, R7, R8, R9, and n are as defined in the specification. The compounds are useful in the treatment and prevention of the AIDS virus. Intermediates useful in the preparation of the final products, pharmaceutical compositions containing the final products are also taught.

Abstract: Thiazolidinedione compounds, compositions, and methods of inhibiting telomerase activity in vitro and treatment of telomerase mediated conditions or diseases ex vivo and in vivo are provided. The methods, compounds and compositions of the invention may be employed alone, or in combination with other pharmacologically active agents in the treatment of conditions or diseases mediated by telomerase activity, such as in the treatment of cancer. Also disclosed are methods for assaying or screening for inhibitors of telomerase activity.

Abstract: Substituted fused heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I) and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof: wherein R1 is a group of the formula (II) or (III): R4 is a substituted phenyl or a pyridyl which may have a substituent. R5 is hydrogen or the like. R6 is hydrogen, a C1-6 alkyl group or the like. D is oxygen or sulfur. E is a CH group or nitrogen. R2 is hydrogen or the like. R3 is a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl group or the like. A is a C1-6 alkylene group. B is oxygen or sulfur. These compounds and salts are useful as the active ingredient of pharmaceutical compositions which can be used to treat patients because these compounds and salts have excellent insulin-resistance improving action, lipid-peroxide-production inhibitory action, 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory action and the like.

Abstract: Compounds and methods of treating or preventing bone disorders including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and metastatic bone disease are provided. The inventive compounds comprise a bone targeting moiety and a payload. The payload portion of these inventive compounds inhibit the proton pump of osteoclasts, thereby, reducing bone resorption.

Abstract: 3-(Substituted phenyl)-5-(substituted heterocyclyl)-1,2,4-triazole compounds are useful as insecticides and acaricides. New synthetic procedures and intermediates for preparing the compounds, pesticide compositions containing the compounds, and methods of controlling insects and mites using the compounds are also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure wherein: A, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are as defined hereinbefore or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating or inhibiting metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia (typically associated with obesity or glucose intolerance), atherosclerosis, gastrointestinal disorders, neurogenetic inflammation, and frequent urination; and are particularly useful in the treatment or inhibition of type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new, efficient processes for the preparation of 5-(2-oxazolylalkylthio)-2-arylacetylaminothiazole compounds of formula I: 1

Abstract: Novel compounds that are potent and selective inhibitors of PDE4, as well as methods of making the same, are disclosed. Use of the compounds in the treatment of inflammatory disease and other diseases involving elevated levels of cytokines, as well as central nervous system (CNS) disorders, also is disclosed.

Abstract: The use of a compound of the formula (I): wherein: ring C is phenyl or carbon-linked heteroaryl selected from pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl and pyridazinyl; and wherein said phenyl or heteroaryl is substituted as defined herein; A—B is selected from NHCO, OCH2, SCH2, NHCH2, trans-vinylene, and ethynylene; R1 is linked to ring C at a carbon ortho to the position of A—B attachment and is defined herein; n is 1 or 2; R2 and R3 are alkyl, haloalkyl or together from cycloalkyl or halocycloalkyl as defined herein; in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the elevation of PDH activity in warm-blooded animals such as humans is described. Salts and esters of compounds of formula (I) are also described.

Abstract: The Invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula wherein Q, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined in the specification, which comprises a) reacting a compound of the formula  with a halogenating agent to form a compound of the formula b) converting a compound of formula (II) by means of a halogenating agent into a compound of the formula  optionally c) converting the compound of formula (IV) into a compound of formula (III); d) converting a compound of formula (III) by means of a compound of the formula e) converting a compound (IV) by means of a compound (V) into a compound (VI); and f) converting a compound (VI) by means of a chlorinating agent into a compound (I); a compound (IV); to a process for the preparation of a compound (III) and to a process for the preparation of a compound (IV).

Abstract: Amide derivatives represented by general formula (I) or salts thereof wherein each symbol has the following meaning: ring B: an optionally substituted heteroaryl optionally fused with a benzene ring; X: a bond, lower alkylene or lower alkenylene optionally substituted by hydroxy or lower alkyl, carbonyl, or a group represented by —NH— (when X is lower alkylene optionally substituted by lower alkyl which may be bonded to the hydrogen atom bonded to a constituent carbon atom of ring B to form lower alkylene to thereby form a ring); A: a lower alkylene or a group represented by -(lower alkylene)—O—; R1a and R1b: the same or different and each hydrogen or lower alkyl; R2: hydrogen or halogeno; and Z: nitrogen or a group represented by ═CH—.

Abstract: A 1-aryl-3-cyano-5-(het)arylalkylaminopyrazole derivative represented by the general formula (1): process of making, intermediate thereof and pesticide therewith.

Abstract: Pesticidally active cyclohexadienyl derivative compounds of the formula I that are esters, oximes or amides are claimed. These compounds may be used as fungicides, acaricides and insecticides in plant protection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediate thiazole compounds and a process for preparing 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole which is a known compound useful for the preparation of insecticides.

Abstract: The invention relates to phenylpyrazoles having general formula (I): The compounds having formula (I) have a high herbicidal activity and are used for controlling weeds in the agronomic field.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of dithiazolyl-(2,2′)-disulfides by oxidation of 2-mercaptothiazoles, to the dithiazolyl-(2,2′)-disulfides that can be obtained in this way, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a novel process for preparing benzyl-substituted rhodanine derivatives. Also provided are novel benzyl-substituted thiolamides and benzyl-substituted hemithioacetals. Such compounds are useful as intermediates in preparing the compounds by the process of the instant invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I) by reacting compounds of the formula (II) in which Het, R1, R2 and R4 are as defined in the description, with urea.

Abstract: Disclosed are crystals of a compound represented by the formula: and processes for preparing them.