Abstract: A process for obtaining a compound (1) and an intermediate thereof in high yield and high optical yield is provided. A process for producing a compound (4), the process including reacting a compound (2) with a compound (3) in the presence of a base; and a process for producing a compound (1), the process including reacting a compound (2) with a compound (3) in the presence of a base to yield a compound (4) and then deesterifying the compound (4). wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”), compositions thereof, and methods therewith. The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using such modulators.

Abstract: A method of treating cancer including administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of the formula 1: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and n are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted 5-membered heterocyclic group; X, Y and V are the same or different and each is a bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and the like; Q is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; ring A is an aromatic ring optionally further having 1 to 3 substituents; Z is —(CH2)n-Z1- or -Z1-(CH2)n— (n is an integer of 0 to 8, Z1 is a bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and the like); ring B is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle optionally further having 1 to 3 substituents; W is a bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, —PO(OR9)(OR10) (R9 and R10 are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, and R9 and R10 are optionally bonded to form an optionally substituted ring) and the like, or a salt thereof, which has a superior adipose tissue weight decreasing action, a hypoglycemic acti

Abstract: The present invention relates to new class of non-steroidal compounds which are useful in treating diseases associated with modulation of the glucocorticoid receptor, AP-1, and/or NF-?B activity including obesity, diabetes, inflammatory- and immune-associated diseases, and have the structure including all stereoisomers thereof, tautomers thereof, or a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein X is selected from N, O, and S; Y is N or CR6; Z is a ring; and where R, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are as defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating obesity, diabetes and inflammatory or immune associated diseases comprising such compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of the following structure are described: wherein R1-R6, R11, R12, m, V, X, Y, Z and Q are described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer, metabolite or prodrug thereof. These compounds are useful for treating a variety of hormone-related conditions including contraception, treating or preventing fibroids, endometriosis, dysfunctional bleeding, uterine leiomyomata, polycystic ovary syndrome, or hormone-dependent carcinomas, providing hormone replacement therapy, stimulating food intake or synchronizing estrus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of the general formula (I) and salts and physiologically functional derivatives thereof, wherein Z is NH, or CH2 if Y is SO2 Y is C?O, C?S, or SO2 if Z is CH2; A is phenyl or indolyl, N-methyl-indolyl R1 is —CN, wherein the bond between CR3 and CR7 is a single or double bond; m is 0 or 1; n is 0 or 1; p is 0 or 1; and to their use as medicaments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a class of novel non-steroidal compounds which are useful in treating diseases associated with modulation of the glucocorticoid receptor, AP-1, and/or NF-?B activity including obesity, diabetes, inflammatory and immune diseases, and have the structure of formula (I) or stereoisomers or prodrugs or solvates or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein Z, R, R4, R5, Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd, are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating obesity, diabetes and inflammatory or immune associated diseases comprising said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds, compositions and methods for the selective inhibition of cathepsin S. In a preferred aspect, cathepsin S is selectively inhibited in the presence of at least one other cathepsin isozyme. The present invention also provides methods for treating a disease state in a subject by selectively inhibiting cathepsin S.

Abstract: This invention concerns N-(ortho phenylaminoaryl), N?-alkyl sulfamides which are inhibitors of MEK and are useful in the treatment of cancer and other hyperproliferative diseases.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Methods and compositions for inhibiting an HIV infection are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods of using those compounds for the treatment of inflammatory conditions are provided. In a preferred embodiment, modulation of the activation state of p38 kinase protein comprises the step of contacting the kinase protein with the novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds, compositions and methods for the selective inhibition of cathepsin S. In a preferred aspect, cathepsin S is selectively inhibited in the presence of at least one other cathepsin isozyme. The present invention also provides methods for treating a disease state in a subject by selectively inhibiting cathepsin S.

Abstract: The invention relates to carboxamide derivatives as defined in the specification and claims, to a process for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to their use as mGluR1 enhancers in the treatment and prevention of neurological disorders and diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the Formula wherein R3, R5, R6, R7, and Z, and other variables enumerated under one or more of R3, R5, R6, R7, and Z, are as defined. Compounds of the Formula I have activity inhibiting production of A?-peptide. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating diseases, for example, neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's disease, in a mammal comprising compounds of the Formula I.

Abstract: Acyl guanidine compounds of the following Formula wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and L are described herein, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, are useful in treating leukocyte activation-associated disorders.

Abstract: A phenylacetic acid derivative represented by the general formula (II) (wherein R11 and R12 each represents hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy, C1-8 alkyl substituted by one to three halogen atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, thienyl, or furyl group, etc.; X1 and Z1 each represents —C(?O)—, —C(?O)NH, —NHC(?O)—, —CH?CH—, a bond, etc.

Abstract: Novel non-steroidal compounds are provided which are glucocorticoid receptor modulators which are useful in treating diseases requiring glucocorticoid receptor agonist or antagonist therapy such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory and immune disorders, and have the structure where Z is CONR1R2 or CH2NR1R2 and where R, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Z, A and B are defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted polyketides of formula I, wherein A, B, C, D, E, F and m are as defined herein, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds, and the use of said compounds in treating tumors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anti-cancer compound represented by Structural Formula (I): The variables in Structural Formula (I) are described hereinbelow. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) (preferably an effective amount). Also disclosed is a method of treating a subject with cancer by administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to new diphenylurea having the formula (I) or a salt thereof, where Y is C?O, C?S, C?NH, (C?O)2 or SO2; and to processes for the preparation of these compounds and to their use in the treatment of protozoal diseases and to diseases where the inhibition of intracellular protein-degradation pathways is of benefit.

Abstract: To provide a novel oxyiminoalkanoic acid derivative which has excellent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic actions and which is used for the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia, insulin insensitivity, insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance.

Abstract: An inhibitor for 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production which comprises as the active ingredient a specific hydroxyformamidine derivative or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. It is useful especially as a remedy for kidney diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, or circulatory diseases. The novel hydroxyformamidine derivative or pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is also provided.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I), or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, hydrates or prodrugs thereof, are effective as inhibitors of Factor VIIa.

Abstract: The present application describes modulators of MCP-1 of formula (I): 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the symbols have the meaning described in the application, have retinoid-like or retinoid antagonist-like biological activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain aryl alkyl acid compounds, compositions, and methods for treating or preventing obesity and related diseases.

Abstract: Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

Abstract: Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides medicinal compositions characterized by containing as the active ingredient either a compound represented by a general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable composite thereof, [wherein X represents oxygen or sulfur; R1 represents hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, etc.; R2 represents, e.g., phenyl optionally substituted by A1; R3 represents, e.g., hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted by A2, or a group represented by either one of the following formulae; R represents oxygen, sulfur, or a group represented by a formula (N—G)], in particular, inhibitors of phospholipase A(2) activity; use of the compositions; and compounds represented by a general formula (1—1); wherein X, R1, R2, R3 and G1 are the same as defined in the description.

Abstract: Acyl guanidine compounds of the following Formula 1

Abstract: The invention relates to carboxamide derivatives as defined in the specification and claims, to a process for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to their use as mGluR1 enhancers in the treatment and prevention of neurological disorders and diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia.

Abstract: Antiatherosclerotic agents are provided which are represented by Formulas I or II: 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I) or salts thereof and activators of PPAR&dgr; (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor &dgr;) containing the compounds or the salts as the active ingredient: wherein R1 and R2 each are hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, an aryl or heterocyclic group which may be substituted, or the like; A is oxygen, sulfur, or the like; X1 and X2 are each a free valency, oxygen, S(O)p (wherein p is an integer of 0 to 2), C(═O), C(═O)NH, NHC(═O), CH═CH, or the like; Y is optionally substituted C1-8 alkylene; Z is oxygen or sulfur; R3 and R4 are each optionally substituted C1-8 alkyl; and R8 is hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl, with the proviso that when X1 is a free valency, X2 is not O or S(O)p, while when X1 is C(═O)NH, X2 is not a free valency.

Abstract: A novel process for the asymmetric synthesis of substituted cyclic &bgr;-amino-carboxylates of the type shown in the specification from appropriate &bgr;-enamino-ester starting materials is described. These compounds are useful as intermediates for MMP and TACE inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: A 5-membered cyclic compound of the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides carbanilides of formula (I), wherein A, Q, R, X, Z and m are as defined herein. A plurality of processes for preparing these compounds is provided, along with methods of using the compounds to control microorganisms in crops and in the protection of materials. The compounds of the present invention also find use in controlling animal pests.

Abstract: An antistatic composition comprises (a) at least one ionic salt consisting of a nonpolymeric nitrogen onium cation and a weakly coordinating fluoroorganic anion, the conjugate acid of the anion being a superacid; and (b) at least one thermoplastic polymer. The composition exhibits good antistatic performance over a wide range of humidity levels.

Abstract: &agr;- and &bgr;-amino acid hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide compounds are effective as retroviral protease inhibitors, and in particular as inhibitors of HIV protease.

Abstract: Antiatherosclerotic agents are provided which are represented by Formulas I or II: wherein R is wherein R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14 are each, independently, hydrogen or a lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R6, and R7 are each, independently, hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, or CH2COOR8, where R8 is a lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; and X is O or S; R1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R2, R3, and R4 are each, independently, hydrogen or halogen; and R5 is a lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I), 1

Abstract: 2,3-Di-substituted N-heteroaromatic propionamides with said substitution at the 3-position being a substituted phenyl group and at the 2-position being a methyl cycloalkyl ring, said propionamides being glucokinase activators which increase insulin secretion in the treatment of type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention provides cyclopentane heptanoic acid, 2 heteroaryl alkyl or alkenyl derivatives which may be substituted in the 1-position with hydroxyl, alkyloxy, amino and amido groups, e.g. 1-OH cyclopentane heptanoic acid, 2 heteroarylalkenyl derivatives. In particular, these derivatives are 7-[5-hydroxy-2-(heteroatom-substituted hydroxyhydrocarbyl)-3-hydroxycyclopentyl] heptanoic or heptenoic acids and amine, amide, ether, ester and alchohol derivatives of said acids wherein one or more of said hydroxy groups are replaced with an ether group. These compounds are potent ocular hypotensive and are particularly suited for the management of glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biphenyl and biphenyl-analogous compounds, their preparation and use as pharmaceutical compositions, as integrin antagonists and in particular for the production of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment and prophylaxis of cancer, arteriosclerosis, restenosis, osteolytic disorders such as osteoporosis and ophthalmic diseases. The compounds according to the invention have the formula (1) wherein R1, R2, U, V, A, B, W, R3, C and R4 have the meaning as defined in the claims.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted aryl and heteroaryl (R)-Chiral Halogenated 1-Substitutedamino-(n+1)-Alkanol compounds useful as inhibitors of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP; plasma lipid transfer protein-I) and compounds, compositions and methods for treating atherosclerosis and other coronary artery diseases. Novel high yield, stereoselective processes for the preparation of the chiral substituted alkanol compounds from chiral and achiral intermediates are described. Preferred (R)-Chiral 1-Substitutedamino-(n+1)-Alkanol compounds are substituted (R)-Chiral heteroaryl aminoalcohols.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted polycyclic aryl and heteroaryl tertiary-heteroalkylamine compounds useful as inhibitors of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP; plasma lipid transfer protein-I) and compounds, compositions and methods for treating atherosclerosis and other coronary artery diseases. Preferred tertiary-heteroalkylamine compounds are substituted N-phenyl-N-heteroaralkyl aminoalcohols.

Abstract: Process for removing a residual fragment of a chiral auxiliary from a diastereomeric compound with formula (2) 1

Abstract: Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are provided which are useful in stimulating endogenous production or release of growth hormone and in treating obesity, osteoporosis (improving bone density) and in improving muscle mass and muscle strength.