Abstract: A compound of formula (I), wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, G1, L, R1, R2, R3, R4, Y1, Y2 and Y3 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof inhibit cytochrome P450 monooxygenase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isoxazoline derivatives, which can be used as selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type IV. In particular, compounds disclosed herein can be useful in the treatment of AIDS, asthma, arthritis, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), psoriasis, allergic rhinitis, shock, atopic dermatitis, Crohn's disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), eosinophilic granuloma, allergic conjunctivitis, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory diseases in a patient, particularly in humans. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of disclosed compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use as phosphodiesterase (PDE) type IV inhibitors.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, G1, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of Formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal or nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc or nematode pests.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles of formula (I), to their use as estrogen receptor modulators, and to methods of their preparation.

Abstract: Cinnamic and phenylpropiolic acid derivatives of formula (I) having antitumour and chemo sensitizing activity are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions containing the above-mentioned compounds, for the treatment of tumours.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, wherein R1 is halogen, C1-C2 haloalkyl or C1-C2 haloalkoxy; R2 is H, halogen or cyano; R3 is H, halogen or CF3; R4 is H, C2-C7 alkylcarbonyl or C2-C7 alkoxycarbonyl; and R5 is C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 haloalkyl, each substituted with one substituent independently selected from hydroxy, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C2-C7 alkylaminocarbonyl, C3-C9 dialkylaminocarbonyl, C2-C7 haloalkylaminocarbonyl and C3-C9 halodialkylaminocarbonyl. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Abstract: Novel biaromatic compounds having the structural formula (I) below: are formulated into pharmaceutical compositions suited for administration in human or veterinary medicine (in dermatology, and also in the fields of cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases and/or diseases associated with lipid metabolism), or, alternatively, into cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: Novel isoxazolines of the formula (I) wherein A represents C or N; R represents haloalkyl; X represents halogen or haloalkyl; l represents 0, 1 or 2; Y represents halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, haloalkoxycarbonyl-amino or alkylsulfonylamino; m represents 0, 1 or 2; and G represents any one selected from heterocyclic groups described in the specification; and intermediates, and a use thereof as insecticides and/or for controlling animal parasites.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a compound of Formula 1 wherein R1 is CHX2, CX3, CX2CHX2 or CX2CX3; each X is independently Cl or F; Z is optionally substituted phenyl; and Q is phenyl or 1-naphthalenyl, each optionally substituted as defined in the disclosure; comprising contacting a compound of Formula 2 with hydroxylamine in the presence of a base. The present invention also relates to novel compounds of Formula 2, useful as starting materials for the aforedescribed method.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula (1), including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, Formula (1): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 are independently, selected from the group consisting of CR3 and N; provided that at most 3 of A1, A2, A3; A4, A5 and A6 is N; B1, B2 and B3 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR2. and N; each R3 is independently H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 haloalkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfo?yl, C1-C6 alkylamino, C2-G6 dialkylamino, —CN or —NO2; and R1, R2, R4, R5, W and n are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula (1) and methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal or molluscicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, nematode or mollusc pests.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, G1, G2, R1, R2, R3, R4, Q1, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or TV-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal or molluscicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, nematode or mollusc pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isoxazoline derivatives of structure Ia, which can be used as selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type IV. Compounds disclosed herein can be useful in the treatment of CNS disorders, AIDS, asthma, arthritis, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), psoriasis, allergic rhinitis, shock, atopic dermatitis, Crohn's disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), eosinophilic granuloma, allergic conjunctivitis, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory diseases especially in humans. Processes for the preparation of disclosed compounds are provided, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the disclosed compounds, and their use as phosphodiesterase (PDE) type IV inhibitors.

Abstract: A benzophenone derivative represented by the following formula: wherein R1 represents, for example, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, or a substituted phenyl group; Z represents, for example, an alkylene group; R2 represents, for example, a carboxyl group optionally protected with alkyl; R3 represents, for example, an optionally protected hydroxyl group; R4 represents, for example, an optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy group; and R5 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom, or a salt thereof has anti-arthritic activity, inhibits bone destruction caused by arthritis, and provides high safety and excellent pharmacokinetics and thus is useful as therapeutic agent for arthritis. These compounds have inhibitory effect on AP-1 activity and are useful as preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases in which excessive expression of AP-1 is involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of [3-(4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl)-2-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone, which is also known under the common name topramezone. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these crystalline forms and formulations for plant protection which comprise one of these crystalline forms of topramezone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel aryl isoxazoline derivatives having excellent insecticidal activity as insecticides and represented by the formula: and their use as insecticides and acarizides.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein A is a 6-membered aromatic ring containing carbon atoms and 0-3 nitrogen atoms as ring members, said ring optionally substituted with 1-5 substituents independently selected from R2; R1 is C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C4-C7 alkylcycloalkyl or C4-C7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R21; R21 is independently H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 haloalkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfonyl, CN or NO2; and Q is as defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with novel sulfonamide derivatives of formula (I) wherein R2, R3, R4, A, X, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and Z1 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts and esters thereof. These compounds inhibit L-CPT1 and can be used as medicaments.

Abstract: Novel pest control agents, particularly insecticides or miticides are provided. Isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compounds of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof: (where A1, A2 and A3 are independently C or N, G is a benzene ring, etc., Q is a structure of Q-1, Q-2 or Q3: (where, for example, R1 in Q-1 is a C1 to C4 haloalkyl, etc., and R2 is H, etc., R1 in Q-2 is —OR1a, etc., R1a is a C1 to C4 alkyl, etc., and R2 is H, etc.), W is O or S, X is a halogen atom, a C1 to C2 haloalkyl, etc., Y is a halogen atom, a C1 to C2 alkyl, etc., R3 is a C1 to C2 haloalkyl, etc., m is an integer of 1-3, etc., and n is an integer of 0 or 1, etc.), and pest control agents containing the compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel pest control agent, in particular a pesticide or a miticide. Specifically disclosed are a substituted isoxazoline compound or a substituted enone oxime compound represented by the general formula (1) below or the general formula (2) below, and a pest control agent containing any of them. (In the formulae, the symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dihydroisoxazoles that are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases, for treating disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity, and for inhibiting KSP kinesin. The invention also relates to compositions which comprise these compounds, and methods of using them to treat cancer in mammals.

Abstract: An isoxazoline compound represented by the formula (I): wherein the substituents are as defined in the description, has controlling activity against pests.

Abstract: There is provided a novel intermediate for producing pesticides. A method for producing 1,3-bis(substituted phenyl)-3-substituted-3-hydroxypropan-1-one compound of Formula (3) comprises reacting an aromatic ketone compound of Formula (4) and a substituted acetophenone compound of Formula (5) as starting raw materials in an organic solvent or water in the presence or absence of an additive in the presence of a base in a suspended state. A method for producing 1,3-bis(substituted phenyl)-3-substituted-2-propen-2-one compound of Formula (2) comprises dehydrating the compound of Formula (3). A method for producing compound (2) in one step comprises reacting compound (4) and compound (5) to obtain compound (3).

Abstract: A glucokinase activator is provided; and a remedy and/or a preventive for diabetes, or a remedy and/or a preventive for diabetes such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neurosis, ischemic cardiopathy, arteriosclerosis, and further a remedy and/or a preventive for obesity are provided. A glucokinase activator characterized by containing a 2-heteroaryl-substituted benzimidazole derivative of a general formula (I-0) or its pharmaceutically-acceptable salt: [in the formula, X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; X1, X2, X3 and X4 each independently represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; the ring A represents a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic hetero ring of a formula (II): (in the formula, X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom); R1 represents an aryl, etc.; R2 represents a hydroxy, etc.; R3 represents a —C1-6 alkyl, etc.; R4 represents a —C1-6 alkyl, etc.; X5 represents —O—, etc.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a (4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)thiocarboxamidine salt compound simply, safely and in good yield, whereby drawbacks of prior art have been solved. A method for producing a (4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)thiocarboxamidine salt compound of the formula (2): wherein each of R1 and R2 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, each of R3 and R4 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, provided that R1 and R2, or R2 and R3, may be bonded to each other to form a cycloalkyl group together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, and X2 is a halogen or an anionic residue derived from an acid, which comprises reacting a 3-halogeno-4,5-dihydroisoxazole compound of the formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined above, and X1 is a halogen, with thiourea in the presence of an acid.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing isoxazoles of the formula I where the substituents are as defined below: R1 is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl, R2 is C1-C6-alkyl, R3, R4, R5 are hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl, or R4 and R5 together form a bond, R6 is a heterocyclic ring, n is 0, 1 or 2; which comprises preparing an intermediate of the formula VI where R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined above, followed by halogenation, thiomethylation, oxidation and acylation to give compounds of the formula I. Also novel intermediates for preparing the compounds of the formula I and novel processes for preparing the intermediates are described.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl; R2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle or R2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aryl; R3 represents alkyl or halogen; X represents a single bond or an alkandiyl-group, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or carbonyl groups or carbonyloxy groups in free base or acid addition salt form, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Biphenyl derivatives useful as ion channel antagonists are disclosed herein. The compositions thereof are useful for treating or relieving pain-related conditions.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, R3, R4, G1, G2, Q1, Y1, Y2, and Y4 are as defined in claim 1; or salts or N-oxides thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

Abstract: An amide is formed by reacting an ?-ketoacid or salt thereof in a decarboxylative condensation reaction with an amine or salt thereof comprising a nitrogen covalently bound to an atom selected from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The amide bond is formed between the ?-carbon of the ketoacid and the nitrogen of the amine. The ?-ketoacid can be formed using a novel sulfur reagent.

Abstract: An isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound of formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein A1, A2 and A3 independently of one another are carbon atom or nitrogen atom, G is benzene ring, etc., X is halogen atom, C1-C6haloalkyl, etc., Y is halogen atom, C1-C6alkyl, etc., R1 is C1-C12alkyl arbitrarily substituted with R16, C3-C2alkenyl, arbitrarily substituted with R16 is oxygen atom or sulfur atom, —N(R20)R19, etc., R2 is hydrogen atom, C1-C4alkoxy C1-C6alkyl, etc., R3 is C1-C6haloalkyl, etc., R16 is halogen atom, cyano, phenyl substituted with (Z)p1, D-1 to D-60, E-1 to E-49, etc., R19 is phenyl, phenyl substituted with (Z)p1, etc., R20 is hydrogen atom, C1-C6alkyl, etc., Z is halogen atom, nitro, C1-C4alkoxy, etc., D-1 to D-60 are 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic rings, E-1 to E-49 are 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocyclic rings, m is an integer of 0 to 5, n is an integer of 0 to 4, p1 is an integer of 1 to 5. The pesticide containing these compounds.

Abstract: Methods of use and pharmaceutical compositions for a genus of low molecular weight compounds comprising optionally substituted isoxazoline ring systems that act as inhibitors of MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) are disclosed. Specifically, the compounds are useful for treating a variety of diseases involving inflammatory activity or pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, such as autoimmune diseases (including rheumatiod arthritis, insulin-dependent diabetes, multiple sclerosis, graft versus host disease, lupus syndromes), asthma, arthritis, ARDS, psoriasis, interleukin-2 toxicity, proliferative vascular disease, and various forms of sepsis and septic shock, and other conditions characterized by underlying MIF responses including, for instance, tumor growth and neovascularization (angiogenesis).

Abstract: The present invention encompasses compounds of Formula I: as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds are S1P1/Edg1 receptor agonists and thus have immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic activities by modulating leukocyte trafficking, sequestering lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues, and enhancing vascular integrity. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods of treatment or prevention.

Abstract: This invention is related to compounds of general formula (I) wherein X is oxygen or sulphur or a NR7 group; R1 is C3-C8 alkyl, or C1-C8 alkyl substituted by phenoxy or phenyl, both phenoxy or phenyl being optionally substituted by one or more fluoro, chloro, trifluoromethyl, C1-C6 alkyl, hydroxyl, C1-C6 alkoxy; R2, R3 are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy or C1-C6 alkoxy; R4 is hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl; R5, R6 are independently hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, optionally substituted by hydroxy or phenyl; R7 is hydrogen or straight or branched C1-C3 alkyl; Het is a five to seven membered, saturated or unsaturated heteromonocyclic or an eight to ten membered, saturated or unsaturated heterobicyclic group, containing one or more heteroatoms chosen independently from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, said mono- or bicyclic groups being optionally substituted by C1-C6alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl or C1-C6 alkoxy; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrug thereof, that are active as sodiu

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: where variables Z, X, R15, R2, R3, and Rc are defined herein. Compounds disclosed herein are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and are therefore useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases characterized by deposition of A beta peptide in a mammal.

Abstract: Compounds of formulas 1 through 17 provided in the specification specifically or selectively inhibit either the cytochrome P450RAI-1 enzyme or the cytochrome P450RAI-2 enzyme.

Abstract: Solid forms of (1R,2S,3R)-1-(2-(isoxazol-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol and hydrates thereof are disclosed, as well as compositions comprising them and methods of their use.

Abstract: Transglutaminase inhibitors and methods of use thereof are provided.

Abstract: A class of compounds having Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful as therapeutic compounds, particularly in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, and other lipid disorders, and in delaying the onset of or reducing the risk of developing conditions and sequelae that are associated with these diseases, such as atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds represented by Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, and prodrugs thereof which are inhibitors of Factor Xa. The present invention is also directed to and intermediates used in making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, methods to prevent or treat a number of conditions characterized by undesired thrombosis and methods of inhibiting the coagulation of a blood sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to isoxazolo-pyrazine derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts having affinity and selectivity for the GABA A ?5 receptor binding site, their manufacture, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The compounds of present invention are inverse agonists of GABA A ?5. The invention also relates to methods for enhancing cognition and for treating cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Benzoyl derivatives of the formula I where the variables have the following meanings: R1, R2 are hydrogen, nitro, halogen, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl or C1-C6-haloalkylsulfonyl; R3 is hydrogen, halogen or alkyl; R4, R5 are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, phenyl or carbonyl, it being possible for the 6 last-mentioned radicals to be substituted; X is O, S, NR9, CO or CR10R11; Y is O, S, NR12, CO or CR13R14; R15 is pyrazole which is unsubstituted or substituted, linked in the 4-position and has attached to it in the 5-position a hydroxyl or sulfonyloxy radical; and the agriculturally useful salts thereof; processes and intermediates for the preparation of the 3-heterocyclyl-substituted benzoyl derivatives; compositions comprising them; and the use of these derivatives or compositions comprising them for controlling undesirable plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel alkoxyalkyl spirocyclic tetramic and tetronic acids of the formula (I), in which A, B, D, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, G, W, X, Y and Z are as defined above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or microbicides, and also to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the alkoxyalkyl spirocyclic tetramic and tetronic acids and, secondly, at least one crop plant compatibility-improving compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isoxazoline derivative as an inhibitor against various caspases, a process for preparing the same, and a therapeutic composition for preventing inflammation and apoptosis comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with aryl-4-ethynyl-isoxazole derivatives of formula I wherein R1 to R5 are as described in the specification and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. This class of compounds has high affinity and selectivity for GABA A ?5 receptor binding sites, being useful as a cognitive enhancer or for the treatment of cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof wherein A1, A2 and A3 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR3 and N; B1 B2 and B3 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR2 and N; Q is a phenyl ring or a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring, each ring optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 haloalkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsufinyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfonyl, —CN, —NO2, —N(R4)R5, —C(W)N(R4)R5, —C(O)OR5 and R8; or —S(O)2N(R21)R22; —S(O)pR25 or —S(O)(?NR28)R29; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R21, R22, R25, R28, R29; p and n are as defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: Provided are various compounds of Formula I (I). Also provided are various compounds of Formula II (II). Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds. Additionally, methods of inhibiting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity in a mammal are provided, as are methods of treating or preventing inflammation in a mammal. Further provided are methods of treating a mammal having sepsis, septicemia, and/or endotoxic shock. Also providcd are methods of treating a mammal having an autoimmune disease, and methods of treating a mammal having a tumor.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a salt, solvate, or physiologically functional derivative thereof, wherein: m is an integer of from 2 to 8; n is an integer of from 2 to 5; with the proviso that m+n is 4 to 10; R4 and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4alkyl with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R4 and R5 not more than 4; R6 and R7 are independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4alkyl with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R6 and R7 is not more than 4, and Ar1 is a group selected from (a), (b), (c) and (d).