Abstract: A derivatized macrocyclic compound comprising the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystalline compound having a difluoropropyleneoxy group as a bonding group, which is represented by Formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; rings A1 to A5 each independently represent a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group; Z1 to Z4 each independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CF2O— or —OCF2—; Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 each independently represent hydrogen or fluorine; and k, l, m and n each independently represent 0 or 1. This liquid crystalline compound has a large absolute value (|&Dgr;&egr;|) of a dielectric anisotropy and shows a relatively small refractive anisotropy.

Abstract: A cyclic phenol sulfide represented by the following formula: 1

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of 4,5-bisimino-[1,3]dithiolanes and 2,3-bisimino-[1,4]dithianes are described. The processes involve conversion of an oxalamide to a dithiooxalamide, followed by conversion of the dithiooxalamide to either a 4,5-bisimino-[1,3]dithiolane or a 2,3-bisimino-[1,4]dithiane.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions from novel monomers that correspond to the formula: in which: Z represents H or CH3 and X represents O or S, and Y is a 5- to 8-membered heterocycle consisting of hydrogen, carbon and sulphur atoms and at least two endocyclic sulphur atoms.

Abstract: The invention is directed to 1,4-dithiin- and 1,4-dithiepin-1,1,4,4-tetroxide derivatives useful as galanin receptor antagonists for treating disorders of the central nervous system. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention and methods of treating conditions such as an eating disorder, obesity, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, binge eating, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, memory loss, sleep disturbances, pain, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, cerebral hemorrhage, or diarrhea are also described.

Abstract: A sulfonic acid compound of a cyclic phenol sulfide represented by formula (1): (wherein X represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an acyl group; M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a metal, ammonium, (lower-alkyl)ammonium, (lower-alkanol)ammonium, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, or an amino acid residue; Z represents Sm, SO, or SO2; m is an integer of from 1 to 7; and n is an integer of from 4 to 12, with the proviso that the plural X's, M's and Z's are each the same or different, and at least one of the plural M's is neither a hydrogen atom nor an alkyl group), or a salt thereof; a composition for separating and recovering an organic halogen compound or a monocyclic aromatic compound, comprising a cyclic phenol sulfide or a salt thereof, and a carrier; and a pharmaceutical composition a cyclic phenol sulfide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and a carrier.

Abstract: Novel sulfonylinide and sulfonylmethide compounds are described which are useful as conductive salts. Also described is the use of the above compounds in salt form in battery electrolytes, particular salts having mixed perfluorocaron and hydrocarbon groups or having all hydrocarbon groups. The above salts are less expensive to produce and still exhibit excellent conductivity and low corrosivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formulae: processes for their preparation, polymers, co-polymers or block co-polymers containing them or their use as monomers or co-monomers in free radical polymerisation and in the manufacture of adhesives, dental composites or optical lenses.

Abstract: The novel monomers correspond to the formula: in which: Z represents H or CH3 and X represents O or S, and Y is a 5- to 8-membered heterocycle consisting of hydrogen, carbon and sulphur atoms and at least two endocyclic sulphur atoms.

Abstract: Novel sulfonylimide and sulfonylmethide compounds are described which are useful as conductive salts. Also described is the use of the above compounds in salt form in battery electrolytes, particular salts having mixed perfluorocarbon and hydrocarbon groups or having all hydrocarbon groups. The above salts are less expensive to produce and still exhibit excellent conductivity and low corrosivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formulae: processes for their preparation, polymers, co-polymers or block co-polymers containing them or their use as monomers or co-monomers in free radical polymerisation and in the manufacture of adhesives, dental composites or optical lenses.

Abstract: Isocyanato compounds with capped, isocyanate-reactive groups are those of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 -aralkyl or together form C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -alkanediyl,X and Y are --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## where R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which is uninterrupted or interrupted by oxygen atoms in ether function, or is C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 -aralkyl,R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkanediyl which together with --X--CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --Y-- forms a 4-7-membered ring,in which either one hydrogen in R.sup.3 or the radical R.sup.4 in ##STR3## is replaced by an allophanate group R.sup.Ia ##STR4## in which R.sup.5 is a divalent aliphatic, alicyclic, araliphatic or aromatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 hydrocarbon unit,R.sup.6 is a single bond or a divalent aliphatic, alicyclic, araliphatic or aromatic C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 hydrocarbon unit or a mono- or poly(C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: A cyclic phenol sulfide containing at least one sulfinyl or sulfonyl group represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an acyl group; Y represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a halogenated hydrocarbon group, --COR.sup.1, --OR.sup.2, --COOR.sup.3, --CN, --CONH.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, a halogen atom, --SO.sub.4 R.sup.6, or --SO.sub.3 R.sup.7, in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; Z represents one member selected from the group consisting of S, a sulfinyl group, and a sulfonyl group; and n represents an integer of 4 to 12, provided that the plural X's or the plural Y's are the same or different, and that at least one of the plural Z's is a sulfinyl group or a sulfonyl group, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A cyclic phenol sulfide represented by the following formula (1) is described: ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an acyl group; Y.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a halogenated hydrocarbon group, --COR.sup.1, --OR.sup.2, --COOR.sup.3, --CN, --CONH.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, a halogen atom, --SO.sub.4 R.sup.6, or --SO.sub.3 R.sup.7, in which R.sup.11, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; n is an integer of 3 or more; and m is an integer of 1 to 7, provided that the plural m's of the S.sub.m 's are the same or different; the plural X's are the same or different; and the plural Y.sub.1 's are the same or different. A process for producing the cyclic phenol sulfide is also described.

Abstract: Nonlinear optical compounds which contain a heteroaromatic ring and may further comprise a tricyanovinyl group attached to the heteroaromatic ring.

Abstract: Polychromatic compounds of pyrans having a substituted adamantane or a polycyclic ring system, with the exception of adamantane, in the 2-position of the pyran ring, having the structure ##STR1## whereby the residues R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 are independently substituents selected from the series H, alkyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, OH, alkoxy (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), halogen, alkylamino, dialkylamino, cyan, trifluormethyl, or, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are constituents of at least one condensed aromatic, heteroaromatic or an alkane ring, wherein said heteroaromatic ring is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, naphthyridine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phthalazine, pteridine, phenazine, and benzoquinoline which are substituted by the same residues as R.sub.1 -R.sub.

Abstract: An organic charge transfer complex comprising an electron donor and an electron acceptor, the electron donor is at least one of bis(oxapropylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene represented by formula (1): ##STR1## and bis(thiapropylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene represented by formula (2): ##STR2##

Abstract: A process of preparing a purified crown compound is disclosed which comprises the steps of (a) dissolving a crown compound and a salt in an organic solvent to form a solution of a complex salt of a crown compound; (b) filtering the solution to obtain a filtrate; (c) adding water to the filtrate to produce a precipitate; and (d) filtering out the produced precipitate.

Abstract: Novel polythiophene derivatives are provided along with sensing devices comprising such derivatives in a layer disposed upon a substrate. In preferred embodiments, the polythiophene derivatives bear crown ether moieties covalently bound to 3 positions of adjacent thiophene units.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tetra substituted cyclohexane having an ionophore in the one and two positions wherein the ionophore may be the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of a crown, a podand and a cryptand wherein the ionophore is capable of complexing with a metal or ammonium cation. Positions four and five are substituted by an electron donor group and an electron acceptor group. Also disclosed is a method for detecting the concentration of cations in a fluid by subjecting the fluid to the tetra substituted cyclohexane composition which will thereby complex the cation in the fluid. The cations are preferably alkali metal and alkaline earth metal cations. The fluid may be an aqueous or non-aqueous fluid or body fluids.

Abstract: Cyclic poly(aryl ether) oligomers and mixtures thereof, and methods for the preparation thereof in a highly dilute reaction medium under reaction conditions favorable for ring closure at low degrees of polymerization. These oligomers are represented by the general formula ##STR1## where each Y is divalent oxygen or divalent sulfur, each Ar is an aromatic diradical which comprises one or more C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 arylene groups and has at least one electron withdrawing group attached to an aromatic ring, and n is an integer from 1 to about 20 with the proviso that for integer values of n equal to 1 or 2 all linkages between independent aromatic rings comprise at least one atom.

Abstract: X is hydrogen or --S(O).sub.m --R.sup.1 and Y is hydrogen or S(O).sub.n --R.sup.2, except that X and Y are not both hydrogen, or one of X and Y is --S--alkyl--SH and the other is hydrogen; ##STR2## and the remaining symbols are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Q, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are described herein, are disclosed along with pharmaceutical compositions, methods of use, and process for producing compounds of formula I which starts from the corresponding .beta.-hydroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Test compositions, indicators, and test device are provided which are capable of generating different hues at different analyte concentrations. The compositions are capable of generating a yellow hue in situ. Visual tests for clinically important analytes, such as glucose, are determined by use of two independent catalytic systems which are reactive with reduced nicotinamide adenin dinucleotide to produce a range of hues; the particular hue produced depending on the concentration of the analyte. The invention provides a test device for the determination of analyte, e.g. glucose, in body fluid which exhibits a RAINBOW of hues, the particular final hue produced depending on the analyte concentration.

Abstract: A process of separating one or more seleced species of ions from a solution containing the ions comprises contacting the solution with a novel composition of matter comprising a hydrocarbon chain covalently bonded to a macrocyclic compound, wherein the macrocyclic compound has at least four --A--C--C-- linkages in which A for each such linkage, is independently selected from the group consisting of O, O--CH.sub.2, S, SH.sub.2, NR, and NRCH.sub.2, with R being independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl, and wherein the hydrocarbon chain has an end group ##STR1## with X being independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, halogen, O--CH.sub.3, O--C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and O-matrix, and with matrix being independently selected from the group consisting of silica, silica gel, glass, glass fibers, titania, zirconia, alumina and nickle oxide.

Abstract: The ketenedithioacetal derivatives of formula (I) have a potent hypolipidemic and anti-arteriosclerotic effect and are useful for prophylaxis and treatment of arteriosclerosis or hyperlipidemia.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of novel 14.alpha., 17.alpha.-dihydroxy-17.beta.-substituted steroids by reacting 14.alpha.-hydroxy-17-oxo-steroids with metal organic compounds and the use of the said novel steroids in the production of 14.alpha., 17.alpha.-methylenedioxy-pregnane derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides phospholipase substrates of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein A is an alkylene or alkenylene radical containing up to 16 carbon atoms, R is a hydrgen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl or acyl radical containing up to 20 carbon atoms or an optionally alkyl-substituted aryl or aralkyl radical containing up to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, X is the residue of an aromatic hydroxy or thiol compound and each Y, independently of one another, is an oxygen or sulphur atom and Z is --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. or a radical of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 can be a hydrogen atom or a radical of the general formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n NR.sub.3.sup.2, in which n is 2, 3 or 4 and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, or is an inositol or serine (--CH.sub.2 --CH(NH.sub.2)--COOH) or glycerol residue.The present invention also provides a process for the optical determination of phospholipases using these substrates, as well as a reagent containing them.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula, including isomers and tautomers thereof: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are as defined in the text; the compounds have herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties; including compositions containing them, methods for using them and intermediates for making them.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, acyl, lower-alkyl or --CHO, --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.10, --COR.sup.7 or OR.sup.13 ; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, independently, hydrogen, lower-alkyl, lower-alkoxy or halogen; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are, independently, hydrogen or lower-alkyl; R.sup.7 is hydroxy, lower-alkoxy or NR.sup.8 R.sup.9 ; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are, independently, hydrogen or lower-alkyl; X and Y are, independently, >CR.sup.14 R.sup.15, --O--, --S--, >SO, >SO.sub.2 or >NR.sup.18 ; R.sup.10 and R.sup.18 are, independently, hydrogen, lower-alkyl or acyl; M is --C(R.sup.11).dbd.C(R.sup.12)--, --CONH-- or --NH--CO--; R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 are, independently, hydrogen or lower-alkyl, R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## are inhibitors of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective agents. They are also useful in treating diarrhea, hypertension, angina, platelet aggregation, cerebral spasm, premature labor, spontaneous abortion, dysmenorrhea, and migraine.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents represented by the formula ##STR1## and the corresponding ring-opened hydroxy acids derived therefrom and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.Phamaceutical compositions containing said compounds and method of inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol therewith are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of tertiary N,N-dimethylamines by the reaction of primary amines, formaldehyde, and hydrogen under pressure and at elevated temperature in the presence of a nickel-containing hydrogenation catalyst in the liquid phase. The hydrogenation catalyst is suspended in a solvent, the nickel concentration is 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the primary amine. The starting materials are separate from each other, brought to 80.degree. to 150.degree. C. and 1 to 15 MPa and fed into the catalyst suspension simultaneously with stirring and reacted in one step to form the tertiary N,N-dimethylamines.

Abstract: Cyclic disulfonic ester bifunctional cross-linking compounds effective in treating certain types of cancers are described. Initial nucleophilic reaction with the compound produces a negatively charged sulfonic acid end-group which remains attached to the compound until the second nucleophilic crosslinking reaction occurs.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## are antagonists of leukotrienes of C.sub.4, D.sub.4 and E.sub.4, the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lipase substrate of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein A is an alkylene or alkenylene radical containing up to 16 carbon atoms, R and R.sub.1, which can be the same or different, each signify an alkyl, alkenyl or acyl radical containing up to 20 carbon atoms or an optionally alkyl-substituted aryl or aralkyl radical containing up to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and wherein one of R and R.sub.1 can also be a hydrogen atom, X is the residue of an aromatic hydroxy or thiol compound, and each Y and Z, independently from each other, is --S-- or --O--, Z also --CH.sub.2 --.The present invention also provides a process and a reagent for the optical determination of lipase.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new class of calcium chelating compounds which have a decreased affinity for calcium following illumination. These new compounds contain a photolabile nitrobenzyl derivative coupled to a tetracarboxylate Ca.sup.2+ chelating parent compound having the octacoordinate chelating groups characteristic of EGTA or BAPTA. However unlike EGTA or BAPTA-like compounds, in which the two halves of the chelator are linked by a simple 1,2-ethanediyl moiety, the compounds of the present invention modify the stereochemical conformation of this linkage by adding bulky substituents or incorporating the linkage into a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring. In a first form, the new compounds are comprised of a BAPTA-like chelator coupled to a single 2-nitrobenzyl derivative, which in turn is a photochemical precursor of a 2-nitrosobenzophenone.

Abstract: Certain amino-2-hydroxypropyloximinoheterocycles are .beta.-adrenoceptor antagonists useful in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure, hypertension, angina and arrhythmia.

Abstract: Heteropentathiepins including pyrazolopentathiepins substituted in the 8-position; intermediate pyrazolo-1,2,3-thiadiazoles, pyrazolothiazathiolium chlorides, and 5-substituted aminopyrazoles; process for making the pentathiepins by reacting the corresponding 1,2,3-thiadiazoles with sulfur at elevated temperatures; process for making the thiazathiolium chlorides; and use of the pentathiepins as fungicides or as sulfur sensitizers in photographic emulsions.

Abstract: Substituted benzopentathiepins, their preparation from 1,2,3-benzothiadiazoles and elemental sulfur, selected 1,2,3-benzothiadiazoles; the benzopentathiepins being useful as biologically active compounds or as intermediates to 1,2-benzenedithiols.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a photographic element containing a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a macrocyclic thia or selena ether compound which also comprises oxygen atoms. These macrocyclic compounds are improved silver halide ripening agents.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A and X have the meanings given in the disclosure, a process for their manufacture, herbicidal and plant growth-regulating agents containing the novel active ingredients, and methods of combating unwanted plant growth and of regulating plant growth.

Abstract: Processes for preparing compounds which exhibit seed germinating activity are disclosed. An ester of acetoacetic acid is condensed with a ketone to produce a substituted cyclohexenone which is reacted with a thiol to get a dithioketal which is then desulfurized to produce an ester of a substituted cyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid which exhibits seed germinating activity. The same compound can be produced by a different process which reacts the substituted cyclohexenone with a reducing agent. An exemplary reducing agent would be an organosilane and a Lewis acid.

Abstract: The catalytic thermal depolymerization of polyesters to produce macrocyclic esters suitable for fragrance applications is carried out using an olefin polymer. High yields of the corresponding macrocyclic ester are produced at high rates while substantially eliminating reactor fouling and the formation of undesirable by-products. The depolymerization is most advantageously conducted using polyethylene.

Abstract: A composition comprising a cyclic oligomer of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of alkylene of two to twelve carbon atoms, inclusive, alkylidene of one to twelve carbon atoms, inclusive, cycloalkylene of four to twelve carbon atoms, inclusive cycloalkylidene of four to twelve carbon atoms, inclusive, --S--, --O--, --S--S--, ##STR2## a is zero or 1; n and m are the same or different and are integers of one to about fifteen;R is alkylene of two to eight carbon atoms, inclusive or alkylidene of one to eight carbon atoms, inclusive, phenylene or a single bond.R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are alkyl or one to four carbon atoms, inclusive or halo;b and c are the same or different and are integers of zero to four; andR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are alkyl of one to eight carbon atoms, inclusive, phenyl, hydrogen or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are taken together to form an alkylene of two to eight carbon atoms inclusive.

Abstract: Unsaturated heterocyclic carbonyl-containing compounds, such as 2-oxathiolone, are prepared by the oxylation of saturated heterocyclic carbonyl-containing precursors of the above compounds in a C.sub.1-4 alcohol or carboxylic acid solvent in the presence of a supporting electrolyte followed by dehydroxylation of the oxylated intermediate.The products formed may be polymerized or copolymerized with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers to prepared resins, films, etc. or they may be employed as reaction intermediates.

Abstract: Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where A is an unsubstituted or substituted, saturated or unsaturated 4-membered to 7-membered ring which contains 1 or 2 sulfinyl or sulfonyl groups, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methyl or cyano, R.sup.2 is alkyl and R.sup.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl or propargyl, and salts of these compounds are used for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: Dawsonite is a highly effective and useful catalyst for the thermal depolymerization of polyesters to produce macrocyclic compounds. High yields and enhanced rates of reaction are obtained using Dawsonite obtained from natural or synthetic sources.