Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polysiloxanes, processes for preparing polysiloxanes, and hydraulic fluids comprising polysiloxanes. This disclosure also relates to hydraulic fluids comprising one or more polysiloxane compounds and diphosphonate compounds, and to the use of diphosphonate compounds in hydraulic fluids or as additives or components in various compositions, for example to provide fire retardant properties to a fluid or composition. This disclosure also relates to use of the compositions as hydraulic fluids, which may be used in various machines, vehicles and craft, including aircraft.

Abstract: Organophosphorus compounds, catalytic systems comprising a metallic element forming a complex with the organophosphorus compounds and methods of hydrocyanation and of hydroformylation employed in the presence of the catalytic systems are described.

Abstract: Novel dual-targeted, bifunctional anti-influenza drugs formed by conjugation with anti-inflammatory agents are disclosed. Exemplary drugs according to the invention include caffeic acid (CA)-bearing zanamivir (ZA) conjugates ZA-7-CA (1), ZA-7-CA-amide (7) and ZA-7-Nap (43) for simultaneous inhibition of influenza virus neuraminidase and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. Synthetic methods for preparation of these enhanced anti-influenza conjugate drugs are provided. The synthetic bifunctional ZA conjugates act synergistically towards protection of mice lethally infected by H1N1 or H5N1 influenza viruses. The efficacy of ZA-7-CA, ZA-7-CA-amide and ZA-7-Nap conjugates is much greater than the combination therapy of ZA with anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: Organophosphorus compounds are described that belong to the phosphinite-phosphite family. Catalytic systems comprising a metallic element forming a complex with said phosphinite-phosphite compounds and methods of hydrocyanation employed in the presence of said catalytic systems are also described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detection of drug resistant pathogens and treatment against infections thereof are provided. Methods for detection of oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses by competitive binding assays utilizing non-oseltamivir influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors and oseltamivir carboxylate are provided. Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors coupled to sensors and useful for employment in the methods of the invention are disclosed. Novel phosphonate compounds active as neuraminidase inhibitors against wild-type and oseltamivir-resistant influenza strains of H1N1, H5N1 and H3N2 viruses are disclosed. An enantioselective synthetic route to preparation of these phosphonate compounds via sialic acid is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organophosphorus compounds belonging to the phosphinite-phosphite family, catalytic systems comprising a metallic element forming a complex with said phosphinite-phosphite compounds and methods of hydrocyanation employed in the presence of said catalytic systems.

Abstract: Disclosed are phosphinic acid compounds of formula I, II or III where R1 and R1? are for instance straight or branched C1-C50alkyl, R2 is for instance straight or branched C22-C50alkyl, R3 and R3? are for instance straight or branched C1-C50alkyl, R4 is for instance straight or branched C1-C50alkylene and m is from 2 to 100. Also disclosed are polyester compositions comprising the compounds of formula I, II and III.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a tertiary phosphine oxide to the corresponding tertiary phosphine includes reacting the tertiary phosphine oxide with a reducing tertiary phosphine, in the presence of a catalyst that catalyzes the conversion.

Abstract: An ink-jet ink is provided. The ink-jet ink includes a compound of formula (1) to form a cured film with high-flame retardancy.

Abstract: Compositions capable of simultaneous two-photon absorption and higher order absorptivities are provided. Compounds having a donor-pi-donor or acceptor-pi-acceptor structure are of particular interest, where the donor is an electron donating group, acceptor is an electron accepting group, and pi is a pi bridge linking the donor and/or acceptor groups. The pi bridge may additionally be substituted with electron donating or withdrawing groups to alter the absorptive wavelength of the structure. Also disclosed are methods of generating an excited state of such compounds through optical stimulation with light using simultaneous absorption of photons of energies individually insufficient to achieve an excited state of the compound, but capable of doing so upon simultaneous absorption of two or more such photons. Applications employing such methods are also provided, including controlled polymerization achieved through focusing of the light source(s) used.

Abstract: There are provided a heteroacene derivative having an excellent oxidation resistance and capable of forming a semiconductor active phase by a coating process, and an oxidation-resistant organic semiconductor material using the same, as well as an organic thin film.

Abstract: Organophosphorus compounds, catalytic systems comprising a metallic element forming a complex with the organophosphorus compounds and methods of hydrocyanation and of hydroformylation employed in the presence of the catalytic systems are described.

Abstract: Methods are described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders or other diseases by administering a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof. Methods are also described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders and other diseases by administering a pyrone analog, or a derivative thereof, in combination with one or more additional agents such as, for example, lipid lowering agents or glucose lowering agents. Methods are described for the modulation of lipid transporter activity to increase the efflux of lipid from a physiological compartment into an external environment. Methods disclosed herein may be used to assess treatment or prevention of a metabolic disorder following administration of a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ligands of the general formula (I). In addition, a process for the production thereof and the use thereof are demonstrated.

Abstract: The invention is related to compounds of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, and/or phosphonate thereof, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds.

Abstract: The invention is a set of novel bisphospholane ligands that can be complexed with transition metals. These complexes are useful as catalysts in asymmetric reactions such as asymmetric hydrogenation.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel bidentante optionally N-containing P-ligands of general Formula (I) embracing a two-ring-system and processes for synthesizing them, transition metal complexes of these compounds and their use as catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chiral ligand, represented by a formula or its enantiomer: X and X? can be independently O, NH, NR, NCOR or S; each of Z1-Z7 and Z1?-Z7? can be independently H, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, alkoxyl, aryloxyl, nitro, amide, aryloxide, halide, hydroxyl, carboxylate, heteroaryl, or a cyclic alkene, fused aryl, or cyclic ether group formed from any two adjacent Z groups or any two adjacent Z? groups; Y and Y? can be independently OH, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SH, PR2, OPR2, NHPR2, OP(OR)2, COOH, COOR, CONHR, or a linking group formed from Y and Y? groups together. Processes of preparing these ligands, catalysts that employ them and methods of using the catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: Compounds which are amino-phthalazinone derivatives according to formula 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, together with pharmaceutical compositions comprising them are disclosed; these compounds or compostions are useful in the treatment of diseases caused by and/or associated with an altered protein kinase activity such as cancer, cell proliferative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, viral infections, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group, R2 represents a hydroxyalkyl group, or a triarylmethyloxyalkyl group, or R1 and R2 combine together to represent —C(R3)(R4)— (R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or hydroxyl group, or R3 and R4 may combine together to represent oxo group), or —C(R5)(R6)—O—C(R7)(R8)— (R5 to R8 represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or hydroxyl group, or R5 and R6 may combine together to represent oxo group, and R7 and R8 may combine together to represent oxo group); Ar1 to Ar4 independently represent an aryl group (the aryl group may have 1 to 5 of the same or different substituents), *1 to *4 indicate asymmetric carbons, and configurations are cis between *1 and *2, cis between *3 and *4, and trans between *2 and *3]. An optically active phosphine ligand which can be easily synthesized and gives a transition metal complex showing superior asymmetric catalyst activity is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing ?-hydroxy, ?-substituted methylenebisphosphonates and phosphonoacetates via addition of Grignard or organoindium reagents to tetraalkyl carbonylbisphosphonates and trialkyl carbonylphosphonoacetates. Also disclosed are compounds so synthesized.

Abstract: An ink-jet ink is provided. The ink-jet ink includes a compound of formula (1) to form a cured film with high-flame retardancy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing compounds of general formula I wherein R1 and R2 are defined as in claim 1, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and the solvates thereof, which may be prepared starting from compounds of general formula II wherein R1 is defined as in claim 1.

Abstract: Membrane permeable prodrugs of creatine phosphate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising membrane permeable prodrugs of creatine phosphate, and methods of treating diseases such as ischemia, heart failure, and neurodegenerative disorders comprising administering prodrugs of creatine phosphate or pharmaceutical compositions thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral diphosphorus compounds and their transition metal complexes, to a process for preparing chiral diphosphorus compounds and their transition metal complexes and also to their use in asymmetric syntheses.

Abstract: Chiral ligands and metal complexes based on such chiral ligands useful in asymmetric catalysis are disclosed. The metal complexes according to the present invention are useful as catalysts in asymmetric reactions, such as, hydrogenation, hydride transfer, allylic alkylation, hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, olefin metathesis, hydrocarboxylation, isomerization, cyclopropanation, Diels-Alder reaction, Heck reaction, isomerization, Aldol reaction, Michael addition; epoxidation, kinetic resolution and [m+n] cycloaddition. Processes for the preparation of the ligands are also described.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for hydrocyanation of ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds comprising at least a nitrile function. The invention provides a method for hydrocyanation of an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound by reacting in liquid medium the hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal element selected among transition metals and an organophosphorous ligand, characterised in that the organophosphorous ligand is a furylphosphine. The invention is in particular useful for synthesizing adiponitrile from butadiene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of bidentate ligands of the formula IA and IIA, characterized in that N,N-(optionally substituted)dialkylamino phosphines bound to an aromatic carbon are lithiated in ortho-position and the lithiated compounds are further converted to said bidentate ligands: wherein X1 is NR, O or S; X2 is CHR1 or CR1; X3 is CHR2 or NR2, or, if X2is CR1, X3 is CR2 or N; and R, R1 and R2 are radicals such as alkyl groups or R1 and R2 together form an annealed ring; Y1*, Y2* and Y1?* are, independently of each other, an element of the fifth group of the periodic table of elements as such or in thioxo or oxo form; Z1*, Z2*, Z3*, Z4*, Z1?*, Z2?* are, independently of each other, for example halogen, hydrogen, or an unsubstituted or substituted moiety selected from radicals such as alkyl groups; the substituents have otherwise the meanings given in the specification; and the ligands are capable of forming metal complexes, which can be used as catalysts in stereoselective s

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel unsymmetrical chiral diphosphines of a mixed aliphatic-aromatic type and processes for synthesizing them, complexes of these compounds and their use as catalysts.

Abstract: Novel FBPase inhibitors of the formula I are useful in the treatment of diabetes and other conditions associated with elevated blood glucose.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R1is selected from H, C(?O)R?, P(?O)R?R?, S(?O)R?R?, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl; or R1 together with R2 forms a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring; R2 and R3 are each, independently, selected from H, C(?O)R?, P(?O)R?R?, S(?O)R?R?, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl; or one of R2 or R3 together with R1 forms a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring; or R2 and R3 together form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring; R4 is selected from H, C(?O)R?, P(?O)R?R?, S(?O)R?R?, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C18, alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, wherein R? is selected from the group consisting of

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel phosphine compound, specifically to provide a novel phosphine compound useful as a ligand for the above catalysts, in particular, a novel catalyst having an excellent performance (chemical selectivity, enantio-selectivity, catalytic activity) as a catalyst for asymmetric synthetic reactions, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation. A diphosphine compound represented by the general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl group, or a five-membered heteroaromatic ring residue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral monophosphorus compounds and their transition metal complexes, to a process for preparing chiral monophosphorus compounds and their transition metal complexes and also to their use in asymmetric syntheses.

Abstract: One of the object of the present invention is to provide an L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate metal salt, which causes no clouding and scarcely precipitates or deposits even when added to a cosmetic material or the like having blended therein an organic acid.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for hydrocyanation of ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds comprising at least a nitrile function. The invention provides a method for hydrocyanation of an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound by reacting in liquid medium the hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal element selected among transition metals and an organophosphorous ligand, characterised in that the organophosphorous ligand is a furylphosphine. The invention is in particular useful for synthesizing adiponitrile from butadiene.

Abstract: The intention relates to bacterial antibiotic resistance and, in particular, to compositions and methods for overcoming bacterial antibiotic resistance. The invention provides novel &bgr;-lactamase inhibitors, which are structurally unrelated to the natural product and semi-synthetic &bgr;-lactamase inhibitors presently available, and which do not require a &bgr;-lactam pharmacophore. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods for inhibiting bacterial growth.

Abstract: Chiral ligands and transition metal complexes based on such chiral ligands useful in asymmetric catalysis are disclosed. The chiral ligands include (R,S,S,R)-DIOP*. The ruthenium complex reduces enamide to the corresponding amine with up to 99% enantioselectivity. The transition metal complexes of the chiral ligands are useful in asymmetric reactions such as asymmetric hydrogenation, hydride transfer, hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, hydrocarboxylation, isomerization, allylic alkylation, cyclopropanation, Diels-Alder reaction, Heck reaction, isomerization, Aldol reaction, Michael addition and epoxidation reactions.

Abstract: A novel class of decalactones with the general formula (I) and their stereoisomers is disclosed. A method for the synthesis of the decalactones of general formula (I) and the use of the decalactones in pharmaceutical compositions is also described.

Abstract: A method and composition for the treatment of HIV infection, HBV infection, or abnormal cellular proliferation in humans and other host animals is disclosed that includes the administration of an effective amount of a 1,3-oxaselenolane nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel oxymethoxy-3-aryl-pyrone derivatives of the formula (I) in which A, D, R1, R2, X, Y, Z and n have the meanings specified in the description, a process for their preparation and their use as pesticides, fungicides and herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation and use as catalysts of diphosphines of the formula (I) in which R is C6-C14-aryl or C4-C13-heteroaryl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl radicals may optionally be substituted by halogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, and/or trimethylsilyl, and R1 to R4, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl, C1-C10-alkoxy, F, Cl, or Br.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to dipeptidase inhibitors, and more particularly, to novel phosphonate derivatives, hydroxyphosphinyl derivatives, and phosphoramidate derivatives that inhibit N-Acetylated &agr;-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such derivatives, and methods of using such derivatives to inhibit NAALADase activity, and to treat prostate diseases, especially using the compounds of the present invention for the inhibition of the growth of prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation and use as catalysts of diphosphines of the formula (I) in which R is C6-C14-aryl or C4-C13-heteroaryl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl radicals may optionally be substituted by halogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, and/or trimethylsilyl, and R1 to R4, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl, C1-C10-alkoxy, F, Cl, or Br.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel water-soluble furylphosphines. It also relates to organometallic complexes comprising these furylphosphines and to the use of such complexes. It also relates to the process for the preparation of the water-soluble furylphosphines.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention provides bicyclic metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands, as well as compositions comprising such ligands, and and methods for their use.

Abstract: Fluorescent energy transfer cassettes that allow through bond energy transfer and have a succinimidyl ester functionality suitable for affecting them to biomolecules or provided and are applied to high throughput DNA sequencing.

Abstract: Disclosed are multibinding compounds which inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-COA reductase), the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. The multibinding compounds of this invention containing from 2 to 10 ligands covalently attached to one or more linkers. Each ligand is a moiety capable of binding to HMG-CoA reductase and the distance between ligands is at least 10 Å. The multibinding compounds of this invention are useful in the treatment and prevention of hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis and the like.

Abstract: Olefin co- or homopolymers having a good molecular weight and short chain branching may be prepared in the presence of a tridentate complex of a Group 8, 9 or 10 metal.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of bisphosphine oxide compounds and bisphosphonates as intermediates for the production of bisphosphine ligands, in which in a single step processa) a phosphine oxide compound is reacted in an organic solvent at -70.degree. C. to 20.degree. C. with 0.5-3 eq. of a lithium or magnesium amide compound,b) 0.5-3 eq. of oxidatively-acting metal salt or metal salt complex are added to the suspension obtained in stage a) in a temperature range of -70.degree. C. to 20.degree. C., with a racemate of a bisphosphine oxide compound being obtained;c) a racemate cleavage is carried out if desired; andd) the bisphosphonates obtained in stage b) or c) are converted into bisphosphine oxides.