Abstract: The invention relates to new N-alkyl-N-(meth)acryloyloxyalkylcarboxamides of aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic carboxylic acid anhydrides, their preparation and formulations of these compounds for use as adhesives for the treatment of dental hard substance.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the production of a partial oxidation product by the vapor phase reaction of a hydrocarbon with substantially pure oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. In the improved process, the partial oxidation product is removed, carbon dioxide and excess carbon monoxide, present in the reactor effluent as by-products, are also removed and the remaining gaseous effluent, comprised mainly of carbon monoxide and unreacted hydrocarbon, is recycled to the reactor. The concentration of carbon monoxide throughout the system is maintained sufficiently high to prevent the formation of a flammable mixture in the reactor or associated equipment.

Abstract: An improvement in the oxidation catalyst used for the partial oxidation of n-butane and containing vanadium and phosphorus, zinc and lithium mixed oxides which comprises adding a molybdenum compound modifier in an amount of from about 0.005 to 0.025/1 Mo/V to the catalyst during the digestion of the reduced vanadium compound by concentrated phosphoric acid. The addition of Mo produces a catalyst which is very stable more active system and longer lived than the unmodified catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ecologically favorable process for the hydrolytic decomposition of halogen-containing compounds of the formula CX.sub.4 or CHX.sub.3 or mixtures of these compounds, in which X as halogen is chlorine or bromine or a combination thereof, in an aqueous-alkaline medium, which comprises first keeping the aqueous-alkaline reaction mixture comprising the abovementioned halogen-containing compounds at a temperature of between 0.degree. and 1000.degree. C. under the autogenous pressure which is formed in a closed reaction vessel for a period of up to 10 hours and then subjecting the mixture to a heat treatment at a temperature of between 70.degree. and 150.degree. C. under the autogenous pressure which is formed therein, in the presence of sulfite. The process according to the invention is particularly suitable for hydrolytic decomposition of halogen-containing reaction products from aqueous-alkaline hypohalite oxidations.

Abstract: The invention relates to new N-alkyl-N-(meth)acryloyloxyalkylcarboxamides of aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic carboxylic acid anhydrides, their preparation and formulations of these compounds for use as adhesives for the treatment of dental hard substance.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the production of an anhydride by the vapor phase reaction of a hydrocarbon with substantially pure oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. In the improved process, the anhydride product is removed, carbon monoxide, present in the reactor effluent as a by-product, is oxidized to carbon dioxide and part of the gaseous effluent, comprised mainly of carbon dioxide and unreacted hydrocarbon, is recycled to the reactor. Removal of carbon monoxide from the recycle stream reduces the hazard of a fire or explosion in the reactor or associated equipment. The use of carbon dioxide as the principal diluent increases heat removal from the reactor, thereby increasing the production capacity of the reactor.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparation of anhydrides containing additional carboxylic acid moieties and dianhydrides of disubstituted maleic anhydride compounds wherein the acid anhydrides and dianhydrides retain their alkene character. The resulting alkene compounds are useful as precursors for polyesters, thermally stable polyamide-imides and polyimides which are also disclosed, as well as a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which are anhydrides containing additional carboxylic acid moieties and dianhydrides of disubstituted maleic anhydride compounds wherein the acid anhydrides and dianhydrides retain their alkene character. These compounds are useful as precursors for polyesters, thermally stable polyamide-imides and polyimides.

Abstract: Disclosed are 1- and 2-mono esters of citric acid and methods for preparing them in the pure form. These novel compounds are useful as surfactants.

Abstract: Cyclic carbonic acid esters are produced by reaction of hydroxy compounds with phosgene in the presence of a heterocyclic compound containing at least one nitrogen atom as ring member in an aromatic ring.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparation of anhydrides containing additional carboxylic acid moieties and dianhydrides of disubstituted maleic anhydride compounds wherein the acid anhydrides and dianhydrides retain their alkene character. The resulting alkene compounds are useful as precursors for polyesters, thermally stable polyamide-imides and polyimides which are also disclosed, as well as a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Pigments of the formula I ##STR1## where A is a five- or six-membered aromatic fused or unfused heterocycle which contains one to three hetero atoms from the series consisting of nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or sulfur and which is bonded to the methylene group via a carbon atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, alkylene C.sub.2 or aryl, and together R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may also be an aliphatic or aromatic ring, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxylkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 or alkylene C.sub.2, P is the radical of a polycyclic pigment or a radical of a mix-crystal of polycyclic pigments, and n is a number from 0.0001 to 0.

Abstract: A process in which a polymer of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 olefin having a number average molecular weight of about 250 and 30,000 undergoes reaction with an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid anhydride in two stages in the presence of 5-500 ppm, based on said polymer, of a far and side product suppressing agent to form an alkenyl substituted anhydride, said process having a first stage comprising the following steps: (1) charging to a reaction zone said olefin polymer; (2) heating same to a reaction temperature of about 150.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to crystalline, stable radical anion salts of derivatives of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which p1 k, n, s, x, m, p, B, R and c have the meaning given in the description,to processes for their preparation and to their use as electrically conductive compounds.

Abstract: Novel chromophor derivatives of cyclic anhydrides are provided which have the ability to react with a variety of organic substrates forming adducts which are useful in analytical techniques for the detection and measurement of biological compounds.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride of high purity and in a very good yield in an ecologically unobjectionable manner, which comprises saponifying perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide with a 2.5-fold to 6-fold amount by weight of 92.5% to 97.5% strength sulfuric acid at temperatures of 210.degree. to 230.degree. C.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid (called "NTC" below) and its 1,8-monoanhydride in a high degree of purity, which comprises dissolving impure NTC or impure NTC-1,8-monoanhydride as the tetra-alkali metal salt of NTC in water in known manner, removing any insoluble impurities present, bringing the clarified solution to a pH value of 4-5 below 45.degree. C., separating off the di-alkali metal salt of NTC which thereby crystallizes out and converting the latter into free NTC or into free NTC-1,8-monoanhydride by treatment with a strong acid at 20.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A compound which is bondable to tooth substrates, and has the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a substituted naphthyl group having a ##STR2## group at any one of the 1,2-, 2,3- and 1,8- positions, R.sub.2 is any of the following groups having any one of carboxylate, carbonyl, and --O-- moiety, to be connected to R.sub.1 :a group having the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- in which m=1-4,a group having the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COO--(CH.sub.2).sub.p -- in which n.noteq.0, p.noteq.0, and n+p=2-4, ora group having the formula --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O).sub.q --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- in which q=1 or 2,wherein when said R.sub.1 group is substituted at the 1,2 position, then R.sub.2 is bonded to the naphthyl group at any one of the 4, 5, 6 and 7 positions; when said R.sub.1 group is substituted at the 2,3 position, then R.sub.2 is bonded to the naphthyl group at any one of the 5 and 6 positions; and when said R.sub.1 group is substituted at the 1,8 position, then R.sub.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of 4-halogenonaphthalic acid anhydrides by halogenation of an aqueous solution of an alkali salt of the naphthalic acid with halogen or alkali metal hypohalogenite wherein a solution of the alkali metal salt of the naphthalic acid is treated with a water soluble magnesium salt and at least an equal molar amount of an alkakli metal hydroxide, halogenating this reaction mixture at a temperature in the range of 10.degree. to 25.degree. C. and subsequently acidifying the reaction mixture. In a second embodiment of the invention, an aqueous solution of alkali metal carbonate is used in place of the magnesium salt and alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydride mono-sodium or mono-potassium salts are obtained from neutral salts of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, if necessary in the presence of at least one molar equivalent of sodium or potassium ions, at 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. by adding three molar equivalents of a sufficiently strong acid. The products are dye precursors, especially for asymmetric N-substituted perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide pigments.

Abstract: A perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride pigment, useful as a varnish pigment, made by adding an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid and a surfactant to an acid at a pH below 3, at 0.degree. C. to 90.degree. C., and then heating the suspension so obtained at 50.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an alkenyl dicarboxylic acid, anhydride comprises reacting at least one halogenated polyolefin with at least one unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride in substantially stoichiometrical proportion, in the presence of a minor proportion of at least one organic compound containing at least one double bond bearing at least one electron attracting substituent.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I or Formula II ##STR1## where A is an electron withdrawing group and B is a secondary or tertiary amino group or the group OD where D is H, aryl or an aliphatic group are made by reacting a corresponding compound of Formula Ia or Formula IIa ##STR2## in a solvent with a reagent selected from organic primary and secondary amines and compounds of the formula MOD where M is an alkali metal and A and D are as defined above. In this process the nitro group and the group B in Formula I and Ia are in the 2- or 4- position and the compounds of Formula I, Ia, II and IIa may optionally be further substituted. Preferably a primary or secondary amine is reacted with a compound of formula Ia, preferably using dimethylformamide as solvent. The process can result in the production of novel compounds, including (1) Compounds of Formula III wherein each group A is CO.sub.

Abstract: Novel polyimides and molding compositions are prepared from novel tricyclo[4.2.1.0.sup.2,5 ] nonane-3,4 dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. The dianhydride is useful for the manufacture of polyimides which are useful as engineering plastics.

Abstract: 4a-phenyl and substituted phenyl 2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1H-2-pyrindines having a 2-substituent are disclosed. Such compounds are useful as analgesic agents having mixed agonist and antagonist properties. The compounds can be prepared by reacting an amine with a 4-aryl-2,6-dioxocyclopenta[c]pyran, followed by reduction, or alternatively by alkylating a 4a-aryl-octahydro-1H-2-pyrindine at the 2-position.