Abstract: The present invention refers to the preparation and purification of brinzolamide as well as to novel compounds useful in such processes.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel chroman derivatives, stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of Formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification. They are useful in the treatment of disorders mediated by lipoxygenase, such as immune diseases, respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, as well as in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and/or mitochondria) disorders. They are also useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of such conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel thiophene derivatives (I), their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents. Formula (I).

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (II): wherein R21 represents hydrogen atom or one to four monovalent substituents substituting on the benzene ring, and when R21 represents two or more substituents, the substituents may be the same or different; R22, R24, R25, and R27 independently represent hydrogen atom, or a monovalent substituent; R23 represents —OH or —N(R28)(R29) (wherein R28 and R29 independently represent an alkyl group which may be substituted); R26 represents —N(R30)(R31) (wherein R30 and R31 independently represent an alkyl group which may be substituted); n represents an integer of 1 to 3; and Y represents —S— or —O—, which is useful for selective measurement of hypochlorite ion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I, The compounds of formula I are valuable pharmacologically active compounds. They exhibit a strong anti-thrombotic effect and are suitable, for example, for the therapy and prophylaxis of cardio-vascular disorders like thromboembolic diseases or restenoses. They are inhibitors of the blood clotting enzymes, especially factor VIIa and can in general be applied in conditions in which an undesired activity of factor VIIa is present or for the cure or prevention of which an inhibition of factor VIIa is intended. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I, their use, in particular as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical preparations comprising them.

Abstract: The instant invention provides novel benzofuran-4,5-diones and pharmaceutical compositions thereof useful for inhibiting PDF and for treating proliferative and infectious diseases. Compounds may be selective for eukaryotic (e.g., human) PDF or prokaryotic PDF.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I) or its salt, solvate, or physiologically functional derivative; and a pharmaceutical composition which is useful for treatment or prevention of conditions or disorders having sensitivity to selective androgen receptor modulation, the composition comprising the above-described compound; among others:

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1 is 1: a C3-8 cycloalkyl C1-4 alkyl group, 2: a C7-14 aralkyl group, in which the aryl moiety thereof is optionally substituted with the same or different 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of: (a) halogen, (b) C1-4 alkyl, which is optionally substituted with 1 to 3 fluorine atoms, (c) C1-4 alkoxy, which is optionally substituted with 1 to 3 fluorine atoms, and (d) C1-4 alkylcarbonyl, which is optionally substituted with C1-4 alkoxy, 3: a five- to ten-membered heteroaryl-C1-4 alkyl group, in which the heteroaryl moiety thereof is optionally substituted with the same or different 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of: (a) halogen, and (b) C1-4 alkyl, or 4: a C6-10 aryl C2-6 alkenyl group; and R2 is a cyano group or a nitro group.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein R1, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein, are useful for treating flaviviridae viral infections.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds that inhibit PIM kinases and Flt3 kinase, and compositions containing such compounds. These compounds and compositions are useful for treating proliferative disorders such as cancer, as well as other kinase-associated conditions including inflammation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses ?-diketones, ?-diketones or ?-hydroxyketones or analogs thereof, that activate Wnt/?-catenin signaling and thus treat or prevent diseases related to signal transduction, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthropathy; osteogenesis imperfecta, bone defects, bone fractures, periodontal disease, otosclerosis, wound healing, craniofacial defects, oncolytic bone disease, traumatic brain injuries related to the differentiation and development of the central nervous system, comprising Parkinson's disease, strokes, ischemic cerebral disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia; eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema or retinitis pigmentosa and diseases related to differentiation and growth of stem cell, comprising hair loss, hematopoiesis related diseases and tissue regeneration related diseases.

Abstract: The invention is the discovery of the use of the class of compounds represented by Formula I, as selective inhibitors of excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) subtype 1 (EAAT1) and its rodent ortholog L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter (GLAST) for the study of function and distribution of EAAT1/GLAST in the central nervous system and studies of the physiological and pathological functions of the EAAT1/GLAST subtype in native tissues, cultured neurons, and/or animal models for CNS disorders.

Abstract: Organic materials which possess outstanding stability to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation comprise as stabilizers at least one compound of the formula (I) wherein the general symbols are as defined in claim 1. The compounds of formula I are especially useful as stabilizers for protecting polymers and lubricants against oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and as scavengers for oxidized developer in color photographic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound having plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 inhibitory activity, and an inhibitor of PAI-1 comprising the compound as an active ingredient. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition having an inhibitory action on PAI-1 activity and being efficacious in the prevention and treatment of various diseases whose onset is associated with PAI-1 activity.

Abstract: A compound represented by general formula (b1); an acid generator including the compound; and a resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the acid-generator component (B) including an acid generator (B1) including a compound represented by general formula (b1), wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; x represents an integer of 0 to 6; n represents an integer of 0 to 3; and X? represents an anion.

Abstract: The invention provides FIG. 1 novel antimicrobial chemical entities based on a nitrothiazolide backbone that exhibit antibacterial and antiparasitic action against a wide range of human pathogens. The new classes of compounds show extended action against Gram positive bacteria including MRSA drug resistant pathogens. In the Gram-positive organisms, they specifically target and functionally inhibit microbial attachment to surfaces and biofilm formation. In Gram-negative bacteria, including enteroaggregative E. coli strains, these compounds function as pilicides by inhibiting the assembly of pilin subunits into adhesive filaments. Several of these compounds show potent antimicrobial action against Gram positive bacteria, perhaps involving novel targets. Many of the benzothiophene derivatives exhibit antimicrobial activity in the low micrograms per ml range and in blocking biofilm formation in the nanomolar range; ranges considered are well within the range of utility as therapeutics.

Abstract: The invention features salvinorin compositions that are selective for kappa opioid receptors; methods of treating mania by using a selective kappa receptor agonist; and methods of treating mood disorders, such as depressive disorders and manic disorders, using salvinorin compositions.

Abstract: The present preferred embodiments relate to a method for the synthesis of a compound having the following general formula: the method comprising the step of reacting, in presence of a diprotic acid having a negative pKa, a compound having the general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are organic groups and wherein X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chloro, bromo, iodo, boronic acid, boronate esters, borane, pseudohalogen and organotin. It further relates to compounds so obtained and to compounds resulting from the ring closure of compound (II).

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula I in which R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, A4, Z1, Z2, Z3, V, a, b and c have the meanings indicated in Claim 1, and to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the formula I, and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: Provided are a long-lifetime organic electroluminescence device which can be fabricated in an improved yield owing to suppressed crystallization of molecules, and an aromatic amine derivative that realizes the device, i.e., a novel aromatic amine derivative having a specific structure. Specifically provided are an organic electroluminescence device, including an organic thin film layer formed of one or more layers including at least a light emitting layer, the organic thin film layer being interposed between a cathode and an anode, and an aromatic amine derivative for at least one layer of the organic thin film layer, in particular, a hole transporting layer, the derivative having at least one such structure that a substituent in which two or more specific heterocycles are linked to each other, in particular, a substituent in which two or more specific heterocycles are linked through an aryl group is bonded to an amine through an aryl group.

Abstract: The class compounds of the present invention may be represented by Formula (I), wherein X may be O, S, or N. R1 and R2 are independently either H, C1-C20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl. R3 and R4 are independently either H, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, and a heterocyclic ring group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclic moieties are optionally substituted with one or more of a first substitution group defined herein. In a further embodiment, R3 and R4 along with the atoms and bonds to which they are attached, form an optionally substituted 5-7 membered ring having at least one nitrogen atom within the ring structure.

Abstract: A star-shaped oligothiophene-arylene derivative in which an oligothiophene having p-type semiconductor characteristics is bonded to an arylene having n-type semiconductor characteristics positioned in the central moiety of the molecule and forms a star shape with the arylene, thereby simultaneously exhibiting both p-type and n-type semiconductor characteristics. Further, an organic thin film transistor using the oligothiophene-arylene derivative. The star-shaped oligothiophene-arylene derivative can be spin-coated at room temperature, leading to the fabrication of organic thin film transistors simultaneously satisfying the requirements of high charge carrier mobility and low off-state leakage current.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by Formula (II): wherein R1 is a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or an ethynyl group; Ar is a group represented by the following Formula (a), Formula (b), Formula (c) or Formula (d): wherein R2 is a C1-6 alkyl group which may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms, a C1-6 alkoxy group which may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms, a C1-3 alkylthio group, a halogen atom, a C1-3 alkylcarbonyl group or a C2-5 alkynyl group which may be substituted with —OR4; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl group; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl group; provided that Ar is a group represented by Formula (a) when R1 is a fluorine atom, methyl group or an ethynyl group, and that R2 is methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an isopropyl group, a propyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethoxy group, 2-fluoroethyl group or 1-propynyl group when R1 is a methyl group or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a solvate thereof a

Abstract: Disclosed are novel gamma secretase inhibitors of the formula. Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting gamma-secretase, methods of treating neurodegenerative diseases, and methods of treating Alzheimer's Disease. Also disclosed are processes for preparing alkenes in one reaction step using a mixture of an aldehyde (or ketone) and an alkyl substituted with two electron withdrawing groups, and reacting the mixture with: (a) a sulfonyl halide (e.g., a sulfonyl chloride) and a basic tertiary amine, or, (b) a sulfonyl anhydride and a basic amine, or (c) an aryl-C(O)-halide and a basic tertiary amine, or (d) an aryl-C(O)—O—C(O)-aryl and a basic tertiary amine, or (e) an heteroaryl-C(O)-halide and a basic tertiary amine, or (f) a heteroaryl-C(O)—O—C(O)-heteroaryl and a basic tertiary amine.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 and R2 represent an alkyl group, X represents —S—, —O— or —NH—, Y represents C or N, R3 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-10 alkyl group, Z represents —CO—N(R5)— (R5 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group) or —C(R6)?C(R7)—CO—NH— (R6 and R7 represent hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), Ar represents an aryldiyl group or a heteroaryldiyl group, and R4 represents —COOH, —OCH2—COOH, —CH2—COOH, or —CH2—CH2—COOH], which has a retinoid action and is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for modulation of the quorum sensing of bacteria. In an embodiment, the compounds of the present invention are able to act as replacements for naturally occurring bacterial quorum sensing ligands in a ligand-protein binding system; that is, they imitate the effect of natural ligands and produce an agonistic effect. In another embodiment, the compounds of the present invention are able to act in a manner which disturbs or inhibits the naturally occurring ligand-protein binding system in quorum sensing bacteria; that is, they produce an antagonistic effect. The compounds of the present invention comprise N-acylated-homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprised of a wide range of acyl groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to thiophene derivatives of formula (I)/their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunosuppressive agents wherein: A represents *—CO—CH?CH—, *—CO—CH2CH2—, *—CO—CH2—NH—, wherein the asterisks indicate the bond that is linked to the thiophene group of Formula (I), and R1-R3 are as defined in the claims.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds represented by formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof useful for treating flaviviridae viral infection.

Abstract: Provided are an organic electroluminescent device including an aromatic amine derivative formed of a specific structure having a thiophene structure and an organic thin film layer interposed between a cathode and an anode and formed of one layer or a plurality of layers including at least a light emitting layer, in which at least one layer of the organic thin film contains the aromatic amine derivative alone or as a component of a mixture, the organic electroluminescent device in which molecules hardly crystallize, and which decreases a driving voltage, can be produced with improved yields upon the production of the organic electroluminescent device, and has a long lifetime, and an aromatic amine derivative realizing the organic electroluminescent device.

Abstract: Pyranone, thiopyranone and cyclohexenedione compounds of formula (I), which are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: A dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell according to embodiments of the present invention includes a compound having a silane group. The dye according to embodiments of the present invention may be used in a light absorption layer to improve photovoltaic efficiency and increase open-circuit voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new amine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the definitions of X, R1, R2 and n are given in the description, to a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound as active ingredient, and to use of the amine compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt for the manufacture of an anti-depressent drug.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are useful for the treatment of Flaviviridae virus infections, particularly hepatitis C infections.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a class of compounds, including the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, having the structure of formula (I): as defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to compositions containing the compounds of formula (I). They are useful in the treatment of CNS disorders.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are useful for the treatment of Flaviviridae virus infections, particularly hepatitis C infections.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a class of compounds, including the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, having the structure of Formula (I): as defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to compositions containing the compounds of Formula (I) as AMPA modulators.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) (wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the description), a tautomer, prodrug or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound or a solvate thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel modulators of the cold menthol receptor TRPM8, to a method for modulating the TRPM8 receptor using said modulators; to the use of the modulators for induction of cold sensation; and to objects and means produced using said modulators.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods for activating the TrkB receptor are provided. The methods include administering in vivo or in vitro a therapeutically effective amount of a compound containing four six-membered rings and a substituted or unsubstituted C5 or C6 heteroaryl or hetero-cycloalkyl ring and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, methods and compounds for the treatment of disorders including neurologic, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, a method is provided of treating or reducing the risk of depression, anxiety, or obesity in a subject, which includes selecting a subject with or at risk of developing depression, anxiety, or obesity, and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds.

Abstract: A salt represented by the formula (X): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom etc., L1 and L2 independently each represent a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group, ring W1 represents a C3-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring, R2 is independently in each occurrence a hydroxyl group etc., s represents an integer of 0 to 2, Z+ represents an organic counter ion, and W10 represents a group represented by the formula (X-1): wherein ring W2 represents a C4-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, with the proviso that at least one —CH2— in the C4-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring is replaced by —CO—, R3 is independently in each occurrence a C1-C6 alkyl group etc., and t represents an integer of 0 to 2, or a group represented by the formula (X-2): wherein ring W3 represents a C3-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring, R4 is independently in each occurrence a hydroxyl group etc., R5 is independently in each occurrence a C1-C6 alkyl group etc.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: wherein Ring A and Ring B are: (1) Ring A is an optionally substituted unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring, and Ring B is an optionally substituted unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring, an optionally substituted unsaturated fused heterobicyclic ring, or an optionally substituted benzene ring, (2) Ring A is an optionally substituted benzene ring, and Ring B is an optionally substituted unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring or an optionally substituted unsaturated fused heterobicyclic ring, or (3) Ring A is an optionally substituted unsaturated fused heterobicyclic ring, and Ring B are independently an optionally substituted unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring, an optionally substituted unsaturated fused heterobicyclic ring, or an optionally substituted benzene ring; X is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; Y is —(CH2)n— (n is 1 or 2); a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable ester, amide, solvate or salt thereof, including a salt of such an ester or amide, and a solvate of such an ester, amide or salt: wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of ORA; —CHO; —C(O)C1-4alkyl; —C(O)phenyl; —O—C(O)RA; and N(RB)2; R6 is selected from certain cyclic groups defined in the specification; and the remaining groups are defined in the specification; together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Most of the compounds are novel. The invention also provides the use of such compounds in the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition associated with a disease or disorder associated with estrogen receptor activity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a class of compounds, including the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, having the structure of formula I: as defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to compositions containing and uses of the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula (I): and also to the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to the isomers or isomer mixtures thereof in all proportions, in particular to an enantiomer mixture, and especially to a racemic mixture. The present invention also relates to the use of these compounds as a medicament, and in particular for the treatment of cancer, and also to the compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by general formula (1) below or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein: X is selected from heteroaryl etc., Y1 and Y2 are selected from —N? etc., Y3 and Y4 are selected from —CH? etc., A is selected from sulfamide etc., R1 is selected from hydrogen etc., and R2 is selected from C1-6 alkyl etc. The compound or salt has sufficiently high antitumor activity, and is useful in the treatment of cell proliferative disorders, particularly cancers. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound or salt as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic studies of a novel thiophenediamine derivative having a urea structure and to finding pharmaceutical actions thereof. The present invention provides a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or a salt thereof. In the formula (1), R1 and R2 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group which may have a substituent, etc. R3 represents a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group which may have a substituent, a lower cycloalkyloxy group which may have a substituent, etc. R4 and R5 are the same or different and represent a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxy group, etc. X represents a lower alkylene group which may have a substituent, etc. Y represents a single bond or a lower alkylene group which may have a substituent, etc. W1-W2 represents N—CH, CH—N, etc. and l and m are the same or different and represent 0, 1, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel amidines and quanidines, the production and use thereof and the use thereof as trypsine-type serine protease competitive inhibitors, especially thrombine and compliment proteases CIs and C1r. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions which contain said compounds as active ingredients, in addition to the use of the compounds as thrombine inhibitors, anticoagulants, compliment inhibitors and anti-inflammatory agents. The novel compositions are characterised by the linkage of a serine protease inhibitor having amidine or guanidine functions with an alkyl radical having two or more hydroxyl functions, whereby said alkyl radical is derived from sugar derivates. Several sugar structural components or components derived from sugar can therefore be linked to each other. Said principle of linking sugar derivates enables oral active compounds to be obtained.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, which modulate the activity of store-operated calcium (SOC) channels. Also described herein are methods of using such SOC channel modulators, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating diseases or conditions that would benefit from inhibition of SOC channel activity.

Abstract: Furanopyridine cannabinoid analog compounds of the formula I are disclosed. The compounds are useful to modify the activity of CB1 and CB2 receptors and treat conditions mediated by these receptors.