Abstract: Liquid crystalline compounds useful in super twisted nematic liquid crystal displays are described and have the formula: wherein n is 1-5; m is 0-5; p is 0, 1 or 2; q is 0, 1 or 2 p+q is less than or equal to 3; A1, A2, A3 are independently chosen from 1,4-disubstituted benzene, 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine, 1,5-disubstituted pyridine, 2,6-disubstituted naphthalene which may be laterally substituted with F, Cl, Br or CN, trans-1,4-disubstituted cyclohexane, 2,5-disubstituted dioxane, 2,5-disubstituted thiophene, 2,5-disubstituted furan, 2,5-disubstituted thiodiazole Z1 may be COO, OOC, OCH2, O; Z2, Z3 are independently chosen from a direct bond, COO, OOC, C2H4, CH2O, OCH2, C4H8, C3H6O, (E)—CH═CHC2H4, (E)—CH═CHCH2O, —C≡C—; R1 is alkyl, and may contain up to 20 carbon atoms and may be branched or a straight chain; provided that at least one of, A1, A2, A3 is selected from 1,4-disubstituted thiophene.

Abstract: Process for purifying a thiophene contaminated by mercaptans comprising selectively oxidizing the mercaptans to form polysulphides, then distilling the thiophene in this way.

Abstract: A method of preparing a thiophene comprises reacting an organic compound containing a chain of at least 4 C atoms linked by single or double bonds with a source of sulphur in the vapor phase, in the presence of a supported catalyst, the catalyst having the composition(Fe.sub.0-1 M.sub.1-0)O.sub.nwherein M is a metal of Group VA, VIA or VIIA; and n is an appropriate value.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel hydroquinone derivatives of the formulas: ##STR1## The derivatives of the formula (I) have various pharmacological activities such as antioxidation in living bodies and are useful as medicaments, and the derivatives of the formula (II) are intermediates for the production thereof.

Abstract: Novel dihydrobenzothiophenes prepared via condensation of arylthiols and carbonyl or epoxide containing reagents have been found to be effective antioxidant and antiwear additives in lubricant applications. These additives are made from relatively low cost mercaptans and carbonyl compounds in a one-step high yield reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3-substituted thiophenes in which the substituent is a C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkyl group. According to the invention, the preparation is carried out by allowing an alkali metal salt of a C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkyl-succinic acid to react with a compound of sulfur and phosphorus, e.g. tetraphosphorus decasulfide, in an organic solvent at a temperature of 100.degree.-180.degree. C., the product obtained being 3-(C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkyl)thiophene. The said reaction may be the last step in a process in which the initial material is maleic acid anhydride with which .alpha.-C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkene is combined so that C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkenylsuccinic acid anhydride is obtained, whereafter this is hydrogenated catalytically to produce C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkylsuccinic acid anhydride. This is thereafter reacted with an alkali metal hydroxide so that an alkali salt of the C.sub.4 -C.sub.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compounds of formula (I) are described, where formula (I) is given as R.sub.1 --A--(X.sub.m --(B).sub.n --R.sub.2 where A is selected from nathyl, flourinated naphthyl, brominated naphthyl, B is selected from phenyl, methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, fluorinated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, thioalkyl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy and hydrogen, X is selected from C.tbd.C, COO and C.tbd.C, m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1 where m is 1 and n is 0 where m is 0; provided that where A is naphthyl, n is 1 and m is 0 then B is selected from methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine; and further provided that where A is naphthyl, X is C.tbd.C, m is 1 and n is 1, then B is selected from thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine.

Abstract: A method for reducing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone of the present invention includes the step of treating the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone with a silyl compound in the presence of a Lewis acid and alcohol to selectively reduce the carbonyl group of the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone. According to this method, a deoxy-compound can be obtained from the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone by selectively reducing the carbonyl group without reducing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated bond.

Abstract: Flavoring and perfume compositions as well as flavored foodstuffs and allied products and also perfumed products characterized by a content of one or more substituted thiophenes with the formula ##STR1## wherein none, one or two of the dotted lines represent a double bond with the proviso that no cumulated double bonds are present.

Abstract: A novel photochromic compound as a photoreactive material making use of photochromism is provided, which compound is expressed by the following formula (1) or (2)): ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl, alkoxy, perfluoroalkyl or cyano; X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4, X.sub.5 and X.sub.6 are each H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, alkanoyloxy or alkyloxycarbonyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring is formed by condensation between at adjacent groups among X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 ; Y is Y.sub.1 C=CY.sub.2, O, S, SO, SO.sub.2 or NY.sub.3 wherein Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are each as defined in the case of the above X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 and Y.sub.3 is H, alkyl, alkanoyl, alkyloxycarbonyl or aryl; and the symbol refers to occurrence of E- or Z-isomer, and which compound is useful as rewritable optical memory element or photo-display element and also as solar energy-storage material, duplicating material, masking material, optical filter, toys, etc.

Abstract: Compounds of the Formula (5) and processes for their preparation and use, particularly in the manufacture of unsymmetrical triphenodioxazine dyes: ##STR1## wherein: Y is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, Cl or Br;R is a group of Formula (3) ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently alkyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an optionally substituted 4, 5 or 6 membered alicyclic or heterocyclic ring;R.sup.3 is H;Z is Cl, Br or A--NH; andA is H or the residue of a primary amine.

Abstract: Substituted thiophenes of general formula: ##STR1## in which: R represents hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,X and Z may be identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom,Y represents an at least partially fluorinated aliphatic or aromatic group,m represents an integer equal to or greater than 1, andn represents an integer such that 0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.12.The invention also relates to the electrically conducting polymers containing recurring units derived from monomers chosen from the substituted thiophenes.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manufacture of thiophene by catalytic dehydrogenation of tetrahydrothiophene.Ruthenium sulphide, optionally mixed with sulphides of one or more other transition metals is employed as bulk or supported catalyst.

Abstract: Novel thromboxane receptor antagonists are disclosed, having the formula ##STR1## wherein: A is aryl, optionally substituted withhalogen,lower alkoxy,carboalkoxy,lower alkyl,alkylamino, orphenyl;X is --CH.sub.2 or --NH;R.sub.1 is COOH, COO-alkali metal (such as Na, K, or Li), COO-lower alkyl, CONHSO.sub.2 R.sub.2, or 5-tetrazolyl;R.sub.2 is lower alkyl or aryl;m is 0, 1, or 2; andp is 2, 3, 4 or 5.Also disclosed are novel intermediates of formula I compounds.

Abstract: Deuterated aromatic aldehydes of the formula: ##STR1## where Ar is substituted phenyl, and derivatives thereof represented by the formula: ##STR2## where Ar is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are substituted hetero atoms or together with the carbon to which they are attached from a heterocycle. These compounds are useful as anticancer agents.

Abstract: The organopolysiloxanes of this invention comprise repeating units consisting essentially of a five-membered ethylenically unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing a diorganosiloxane group bonded to the two cyclic carbon atoms adjacent to the hetero atom, which can be nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. This invention encompasses homopolymers of said repeating units and copolymers comprising said units and diorganosiloxane units such as dimethylsiloxane. The present polymers are characterized by their high resistance to thermally induced degradation, and do not exhibit a significant weight loss at temperatures up to 300 degrees C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for isomerizing alkylthiophenes on zeolite catalysts. In particular, methylthiophene and ethylthiophene can be isomerized by this process. Suitable zeolites are in particular synthetic zeolites of the pentasil, mordenite of faujasite type in their acid form.

Abstract: Sulfides prepared by reacting a sulfoxide with a hydrazine or hydroxylamine derivative or a quaternary salt thereof are useful starting materials for the preparation of drugs, pesticides and dyes.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons and esters and/or acids are produced by heating aldehydes in the presence of an alcohol or an alcohol equivalent and in the presence of an iodine or bromine moiety and a rhodium or iridium catalyst.

Abstract: Certain sulfonium salts are herein described which are useful corrosion inhibitors in aqueous acidic cleaning solutions, even in the presence of ferric ions.

Abstract: A decarboxylation process for coupling aromatic compounds wherein cyclic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds having at least one labile ring hydrogen are reacted with the mono silver salts of aromatic carboxylic acids, or mono silver salts of unsaturated compounds such as .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated acid compounds, or silver trifluoroacetate, or the mono silver salts are reacted with themselves, by heating to temperatures of 100.degree. to 500.degree. C. at pressures of 0.1 to 10 atmospheres, or by irradiating the reactants with ultraviolet light of 200 to 400 nanometers at temperatures of -30.degree. to 150.degree. C. The resulting dimers, trimers, polysubstituted polyphenyls, polyheterocyclics and trifluoromethylated aromatics are useful as heat transfer media, as intermediates for high molecular weight polymers, pesticides and petroleum additives, and as scintillation counters.